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(P- " O I. 

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HISTORY 



OF THE 



SIXTY-EIGHTH PCCinENT 

Indiana Volunteer Imeantrv 

lo62-lo65 



WITH A SKETCH OE C. K KING'S BRIGADE, REVMOLDS' 

DIVISION, THOriAS' CORPS, IN n HE 

13ATTLE OE CHICr\A/V\AUGA 



By EDWIN W. HIGH 



'It's a blessed sorf of feeling, 
Whetl^er you five cz die. 
To know you've h^elped your count zy 
And fought right royally." 



PUBLlSHfcl) BY KhQUtST OF- THt 

SIXTN'-EIGHTH INDIANA INFANTRY ASSOCIATION 
I 902 



I IHt LIBRARY of! 

CONGRESS, 
[■T"'vo Copi£j> Received I 

MAY. 31 1902 

COPVBIQHT ENTRY , 

iUASS CoxXc. No.j 
COPY B. 



Copyright i 002 
By EDWIN W. HIGH 



0p. 



Compliments of 

S5rcvct*(roloucl ^Ricbar^ X. Xccson 

late Captain Companv} C 
Sixt\2=]£icTbtb 1lnC>iana Ifntantrx} 
■Wnar of tbe""lRebellion, IS61 = 3 



m 



TO THE BRAVE AND TRUE MEN 



Sixty-Eighth Indiana Infaniry 

"Who [);k[) wiuKi Lirij-ss Famini M(m kid ai Want— To At. l 
iHi -Maimh) uHMSi. S<:aks Gavi Modi si \ a Tonguf 
To Ai.L WHO Daki:d. and Ga\t. io Chance the 

CaKI-. and K'EEl'INti OF THEIR LlVES— To ALL 
FHH LlVlN(. AND H) ALL THE DeaD" - 

AND TO PeKI'ETUATE WHOSE MEnUlKV 

EHE FOLLOWING PaCiFS HAVE 

BEEN Written, this \( h- 

ume is hu1v1bl\ 

Dedicated 

BY THE A UTH UK 



PREFACE 



I was asked by the Sixty-eighth Indiana Veteran Asso- 
ciation to write the history of the Regiment, and accepted 
the duty with a good deal of hesitancy, and entered upon 
the work with no official acts of my own to sustain, and 
free from prejudice. Thirty-nine years have glittered out 
of sight on "soundless feet and sounding wings" since the 
men of the Sixty-eighth Indiana Infantry donned the blue, 
girded on the sword, and took up the rifle, to engage in the 
titanic struggle between freedom and slavery — union and 
disunion, in the great war of the Rebellion. Many of the 
bravest and best who went out with us did not return. We 
left them in the southland, on the hilltops and in the val- 
leys, where no kindly hand of relative or friend will ever 
strew flowers upon their graves. They died that the union 
of states might be preserved ; to keep all the stars in the 
blue field of the flag, and give freedom a wider meaning. 
They are at rest "over there, under the shade of the trees." 

I beg to acknowledge with many thanks my obligations 
to all who have in any manner contributed to this \vork by 
personal recollections, or documents. Thanks are especially 
due to Brevet-Colonel Richard L. Leeson for liberal financial 
assistance, without which the accomplishment of the work 
would have been impossible ; to Brevet-Colonel Charles H. 
Bryant for facts relating to the battle of Chickamauga, and 
assistance in the work ; to Hon. James E. Watson for 
books, maps and papers of inestimable value in the prepa- 
ration of a work of this character. 

In preparing this history for publication the following 
books have been consulted : Official Records of the Union 
and Confederate Armies ; Captain Phisterer's Statistical 
Records ; Cist's xA.rmv of the Cumberland ; Van Home's 



Vlll PREFACE. 

History of the Army of the Cumberland ; Turchin's Chick- 
amauga ; General Sherman's Memoirs; Floyd's History of 
the Seventy-fifth Indiana, a brigade companion at Chicka- 
mauga ; Records of the War Department, and of the Adju- 
tant General's office, Indiana. 

The Itinerary of the Regiment was made up mainly 
from the journals of Comrades David S. Jones, William 
Bear, and James Shera, corrected in a few instances by 
comparison with muster rolls on file, and is believed to be 
as correct as it can be made. 

In preparing the sketch of E. A. King's brigade in the 
battle of Chickamauga, I have experienced difficulty through 
lack of reports of the brigade, and regiments composing it. 
I have no doubt that reports of the Chickamauga engage- 
ment were made by the commanding officers of the regi- 
ments in that brigade, and were lost or misplaced by the 
negligence of a superior officer. Their absence is a great loss 
to the survivors of that brigade. It is time that we should 
correct some of the errors that have crept into history con- 
cerning E. A. King's brigade at Chickamanga, and the 
Army of the Cumberland. The true history of the war of 
the Rebellion has not yet been written. During the war 
many erroneous reports of campaigns and battles, and lead- 
ers, were given as history, and are now accepted by many 
as historical facts. We can now tell the truth about Con- 
federate armies and soldiers, and point out errors in cam- 
campaigns and battles, and criticise the military mistakes 
of a "war-time" hero, without incurring the risk of being 
mobbed, or denounced as a traitor. It has been our pur- 
pose to state facts about campaigns and battles, sustained 
by the official records published by the Government, includ- 
ing the reports made on either side by commanders, with 
the letters, dispatches and telegrams, and let the reader form 
his own opinions. Facts are more powerful than words. 

It is believed that the matter appearing in the appen- 
dix, especially the tables of statistics, will be regarded by 
the reader with more than ordinary interest. E. w. H. 



TABLE OF CONTENTS 



PREFACE 

CHAP. I. Enlistment and Muster-in . 
II. Kentucky Campaign 

III. Camp DuMONT— Murfreesboro * . 

IV. TULLAHOMA CAMPAIGN 

V. Chattanooga Campaign . 

VI. Battle of Chickamauga 

\'II. Battle of Chickamauga 

\'III. Occupation of Chattanooga 

IX. Orchard Knob 

X. Lookout Mountain .... 

XL Missionary RidcIe .... 

XII. PIelief of Knoxville 

XIII. Reminiscences 

XI\'. The Surgeon's Diagnosis 

XV. Itinerary of the Regiment . 

XVI. Chattanooga, 1864-5 .... 

XVII. Review of Indiana Chickamauga Commission 

XVIII. Biographical Sketches 

XIX. p:nd of Armed Rebellion— Citizens Again 

APPENDIX 

Field and Staff 

Commissioned Officers 

Enlisted Men • 

Summary of Men Called For by the Presi 

ident and Furnished by States, Etc. 
Population of Loyal States 
Table of Deaths in Union Army during thi 

War 

Army of the Cumberland at the Battle of 

Chickamauga 



PAGE 

vii 

1 
11 

25 
41 
51 
(51 

84 
1'20 
134 
140 
144 
156 
165 
170 
172 
184 
208 
258 
• 817 

322 

322-8 

323-5 

326-37 

338 
.S39 

ooVt 

340-50 



TABLE OF CONTENTS. 



APPENDIX^CONTINUED. PAGE 

Army of Tennessee (Confederate) at Battle 

OF Chickamauga 351-64 

Table of Union and Confederate Organiza- 
tions AT Chickamauga, Sept. 19, 20, 1863 . 365 

Army under Command of Major-General U.S. 
Grant in the Battles about Chattanooga, 
November 23, 24, 25, 1863 366-80 

Army of Tennessee, under Command of Gen- 
eral Bragg, at Chattanooga, November 
20, 1863 381-91 

Table of Union and Confederate Organiza- 
tions AT Chattanooga, Nov. 23, 24, 25, 1863 391 

Table of •Losses of Indiana Organizations 

in the Battle of Chickamauga . . . 392 

Record of Battles and Engagements during 
the War where the Union Loss was Five 
Hundred or More, Together with Other 
Events of Importance 393-98 

Distances on the Chickamauga Battlefield 399 

Distances about Chattanooga .... 399 

SONGS AND POETRY OP^ THE WAR .... 400 

Three Hundred Thousand More ... . 400 

Just Before the Battle, Mother . . . 401 

All Quiet Along the Potomac .... 402 

Somebody's Darling 404 

Marching Through Georgia .... 405 

Tramp! Tramp! Tramp! 407 

When Johnny Comes Marching Home . . 408 

Tenting ©n the Old Camp Ground . . . 409 

Battle Hymn of the Republic .... 410 

The Battle Cry of Freedom .... 411 

John Brown's Body 413 

Kingdom Coming 414 

Killed at the Ford 415 



LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS 




Edwin W. High Frontispiece 

Lieutenant Colonel John S. Scobev 

Lieutenant John W. Huffman 

Frank. AIcShank 

Captain Richard L. Leeson 

Lieutenant John R. Kennedy 

Lieutenant John Burkhart 

Captain James H. Mauzy ) 

Captain James W. Inniss \ 

General George H. Thomas 

Glenn Hill— Wilder Monument 

First Position 'of E.A.King's Brigade in Battle, South 

east of Brotherton House 

Second Position of King's Brigade, on East Slope of 

Lytle's Hill ... 

John IVL Francis 

Captain Charles H. Bryant 

Lieutenant Oliver B. Liddell 

Third Position of E. A. King's Bri(;ai)E— Poe Field Line 

West of LaFayette Road 

Monument to Sixty-Eighth Indiana Infantry, on LaFay 

ETTE Road, West of Poe Field .... 

Colonel Edward A. King 

Monument to Colonel Edward A. King, Southeast Cor 

NER OF Kelly Field . ' 

Fifth Position of E. A. King's Brigade, on Snodgrass 

Hill, near the Tower . 
Snodgrass House 
Captain John C. Hicks . 
Lieutenant Moses A. Culver 
Captain L. V. C. Lynn 
Captain Francis M. Wilkinson 



oi'r. 

PAGE 



14 
21 

.51' 



61 

t;4 



1)7 
71 
7 a 

81- 

87 

9:5 '■ 
95 

96- 

99' 

io;{ 

12:: 
127 
131 
140 



Xll 



LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. 



OPP. 
PAGE 

Edwin A. Hillman 148 

General Thomas J. Wood 150 

Thomas C. Shepperd 157 

Lieutenant George Carson 161 

Rev. E. H. Wood 165 

Captain Hanson D. Moore 188' 

General James B. Steedman .191 

Ira McIllvain 195 

Camp of Sixty-Eighth Indiana Infantry at North End 
of Military Bridge across the Tennessee River at 

Chattanooga 205 

Captain Richard L. Leeson 283 

William F. Gordon 290 

Francis M. Sherwood . . . • 292 

Leander Goodwin 295 

James Terhune . . 297 

Asa Gibbs 299 

Henry Nicolai 801 

James B. Thackrey 303 

John W. Masters 305 

Alanson R. Ryman *. . . 306 

John C. Humes 311 

Thomas J. Truitt 313 

Daughter of the Regiment 317 

Map of Battle of Chickamauga Page 118 



RECORD OF SERVICE 



MUNFORDVILLE — September 14, 15, 16, 1862. 

Hoover's Gap — June 24, 25, 1868. 

Chickamauga — September 19, 20, 186;!. 

Siege of Chattanooga, September 22 -November 22, 1868. 

Orchard Kxob — November 28, 1868. 

Missionary Ridge — November 25, 1868. 

East Tennessee — November 28, 1864-April 7, 1865. 

Charleston (Detachment) — December 28, 1868. 

Dandridge — January 16, 17, 1864. 

Dalton — August 15, 1864. 

Decatur — October 27-November 9, 1864. 

Nashville — December 15, 16, 1864. 

Pursuit of Hood's Army — December 17, 1864-January 
9, 1865. 



CHAPTER I. 



ENLISTMENT AND MUSTER-IN. 

" We are coming, we are coming, 
Our Union to restore, 
We are coming, Father Abraham, 
Three hundred thousand more." 

On July 2, 1862, the President called for 300,000 
volunteers for three years, or during the war, unless sooner 
discharged. The quota of Indiana was 2 1.250, and 30, 359 
were furnished. 

The Sixty-eighth Regiment of Indiana Infantry was 
organized during the first part of August. 1862, at Camp. 
Logan, Greensburg, Decatur county, from companies raisedi 
in the fourth congressional district of Indiana, composed 
of the counties of Dearborn, Decatur, Franklin, Ripley 
and Rush. 

The recruiting was done principally by men commis- 
sioned by Governor Morton, with the rank of second lieu- 
tenant, to recruit and organize companies, and as a rule 
these men were selected as officers of the regiment. Some 
of them had seen previous service in the war of the Re- 
bellion and a few in the war with Mexico. Among the offi- 
cers of the field and staff who had seen previous service was 
Colonel Edward A. King, who had served with General 
Sam Houston in the Texan struggle for independence, 
as captain in the Fifteenth Regiment United States In- 
fantry, in the war with Mexico, and was Lieutenant-Col- 
onel of the Nineteenth Regiment United States Infantry at 



SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



the time he was appointed Colonel of the Sixty-eighth Reg- 
iment Indiana Infantry. Lieutenant-Colonel Benjamin C. 
Shaw had been Major of the Seventh Regiment Indiana 
Infantry in the war of 1 861-5. and Adjutant Cyrus B. 
Goodwin had also served in the Seventh Regiment Indiana 
Infantry. 

Of the line officers, First Lieutenant Robert W. Jones, 
Company A, Second Lieutenant John Reese, Company C, 
Captain Edmund Finn and First Lieutenant Francis M. 
Wilkinson, Company H, had served in one-year regiments 
from Indiana in the war of 186 1-5. First Lieutenant 
Charles H. Bryant, Company E, had seen service in the 
Seventh Indiana, and Captain Harvey J- Espy, Com- 
pany F, had served as an enlisted man in the regular 
army of the United States, and First Lieutenant George 
W. Claypool, Company G, had served in the war with 
Mexico and in a one-year regiment — the Sixteenth In- 
diana Infantry — in the war of 1 861-5. A number of the 
enlisted men of the regiment, also, had served in one- 
year regiments in the war of 186 1-5, and as a rule they 
were selected as non-commissioned officers. The reg- 
iment, when organized and mustered, had field, staff and 
line officers of the several companies, as follows: Colo- 
nel, Edward A.King; lieutenant-colonel, Benjamin C. Shaw, 
adjutant, Cyrus B. Goodwin; quartermaster, Elias W. 
Millis; chaplain, David Montfort ; surgeon, John W. 
Wooden, and assistant surgeon, Lewis W. Hodgkins. 
Non-commissioned staff, sergeant major, Robert J. Price; 
quartermaster sergeant. Thomas C. Shepperd; commissary 
sergeant, William H. Remy; hospital steward, Marion 
Meredith. 

ORGANIZATION OF THE SEVERAL COMPANIES. 

Company A was recruited in Decatur and Franklin 
counties by John S. Scobey, Robert W. Jones and others, 
and the organization was completed at Camp Logan by the 



ENLISTMENT AND MUSTER-IN. 



selection of John S. Scobey as captain; Giles E. White, first 
lieutenant; Reuben W. Jones, second lieutenant; Moses 
Bailey, orderly or first sergeant; Henry W. Alley, Edward 
A. Vance, Francis M. Paul and William F. Bird, sergeants, 
and William P. Sutfin, John W. Stagner, John S. Alley, 
William McKinney, Gideon Drake, John W. Jones and 
Ezekiel E. Cook, corporals. 

Company B was raised in Ripley county by Daniel 
Boswell, Hiram O. Conner and others, and its organization 
completed by selecting Daniel Boswell as captain; Hiram 
O'Conner, first lieutenant; Charles C. Wheeler, second lieu- 
tenant; William Dickerson, orderly or first sergeant; John 
W. Sanders, James H. Hyatt, Joseph Jones and Thompson 
D. Mullen, sergeants, and Alfred W. Wooley, Francis M. 
Hancock, George W. Foreman, John Albright, Milton 
Pendergast, John W. Huffman, James M. Preble and Cal- 
vin Hyatt, corporals. 

Company C was recruited from Laurel, Metamora and 
Posey townships, in^ the western portion of Franklin 
county, by William H. Smith, Richard L. Leeson and 
others, and repaired to Camp Logan, the rendezvous for 
the regiment, where it was organized by the selection of 
William H. Smith as captain; Richard L. Leeson, first lieu- 
tenant, and John Reese, second lieutenant. The non-com- 
missioned officers were Moses H. Kibby, orderly or first 
sergeant; John Burkhart, John R. Kennedy, Richard Jinks 
and Milton Curry, sergeants, and Thompson P. Burtch, 
Lynn McWhorter, Peter Stoltz, Daniel H. Conner, Elipha- 
let B. Miller, Charles W. Burris, Samuel J. Murray and 
Daniel Doty, corporals. 

Company D was raised by John W. Innis, James H. 
Mauzy and others, in Rush county, with a number of men 
from Decatur and Franklin counties. The company or- 
ganization was completed by the selection of James W. 
Innis, as captain; James H. Mauzy, first lieutenant; and 
William Beale, second lieutenant. The non-commissioned 



SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



officers were James A. Smith, orderly or first sergeant; 
Gabriel Cohn, George T. Richie, William Burns and George 
W. Snider, sergeants; and James W. Richie, William In- 
nis, William Woods, James W. C. Smith, Daniel L. Thomas, 
William M. Sowder, Harvey Caldwell and Isaac C. Hurst, 
corporals. 

Company E was recruited from Dearborn county, 
mostly from the city of Lawrenceburg, by Charles H. Bry- 
ant, and was organized by selecting Alexander Beckman as 
captain; Charles H. Bryant, first lieutenant; George W. 
Sheldon, second lieutenant; Oliver B. Liddell, orderly or 
first sergeant; Hiram C. Crist, Jeremiah Robins, Charles 
Neff and James-Terhune, sergeants; and George W. Smith, 
Albert Lewis, Worden Babcock, Simeon Alfred, Lewis C. 
'Stockman, Michael Eckert, Luellen J. Wade and Francis 
Wardell, corporals. 

Company F was raised in Ripley county in the vicinity 
of Napoleon, by Harvey J. Espy, John C. Hicks and others, 
and organized by selecting Harvey J. Espy as captain; John 
C. Hicks, first lieutenant; Jemison Vankirk, second lieuten- 
ant; David B. Showers, orderly or first sergeant; James 
McKee, James A. Standiford, Moses A. Culver and Hiram 
Eaton, sergeants, and James B. Thackrey, James Parker, 
David L. Eaton, Joseph W. Arnold, Thompson Bare, Ben- 
jamin C. Johnson, William H. Brunt and Henry Nicolai, 
corporals. 

Company G was recruited in Franklin county, prin- 
cipally from Blooming Grove, Brookville and Fairfield 
townships, by L. V. C. Lynn, George W. Claypool and 
others, and was organized by selecting L. V. C. Lynn as 
captain; George W. Claypool, first lieutenant; Austin 
Webb, second lieutenant; Joseph R. Clark, orderly or first 
sergeant; George Wilson, Climpson B. Moore, Edward C. 
Smith and Samuel McReady, sergeants, and William Best, 
Thomas J. Burnett, Isaac Stephens, Jr., James A. Hub- 



ENLISTMENT AND MUSTER-IN. 5 



bard. James Dukate, John N. Trusler, Alanson R. Ryrnan 
and Franklin Swift, corporals. 

Company H was recruited in Franklin county, from 
Bath, Brookville and Metamora townships, by Francis M. 
Wilkinson, and was organized at Camp Logan by the selec- 
tion of Edmund Finn as captain; Francis M. Wilkinson, 
first lieutenant; Levi W. Buckingham, second lieutenant; 
William S. Washburne, orderly or first sergeant; Elijah H. 
Case, Shadrach Stringer, John M. Davis and Lycurgus 
Jeffries, sergeants, and Samuel Blew, Nicholas V. Johnson, 
Nathan Davis, John M. Jones, Theo. P. Backhouse, Henry 
Bradburn, John C. Harrell and Zachariah Lyons, corporals. 

Company I was raised in Decatur and Rush counties, 
principally by Reuben F. Patterson and Nathaniel S. Pat- 
ton. The company was organized with Reuben F. Patter- 
son as captain ; Nathaniel S. Patton, first lieutenant; 
George Carson, orderly or first sergeant; Franklin F. Sho- 
walter, George G. Hankins, John W. Wood and Joab H. 
Stout, sergeants, and Robert W. Bolton, Thomas T. May, 
Israel C. Alexander, James Wynn, Hiram P. Stage and 
William B. W^ebb, corporals. 

Company K was recruited in Dearborn and Decatur 
counties, principally in Dearborn, by Hanson D. Moore, 
Robert F. Brewington and others, and was organized by 
selecting Hanson D. Moore as captain; Robert F. Brew- 
ington, first lieutenant; George H. Gould, second lieuten- 
ant; William O. Pierce, orderly or first sergeant; John H. 
Dawson, Edward W. Wood, Omar A. Arnold and Robert 
W. Wood, sergeants; Edward P. Johnston, Constantine 
Kelly, Monroe Abbott, Oliver C. Wilson, Benjamin F.^ 
Moore, Joshua Duncan, David H. Gault and Robert Todd, 
corporals. 

Among the names of non-commissioned officers will 
be found several who were soon promoted, and in the Sixty- 
eighth and other Indiana regiments rendered gallant serv- 
ice in defense of " Old Glory " on many closely contested 



SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



battle fields of the war. The Sixty-eighth Regiment was 
rapidly enlisted, taking only a few weeks time to obtain the 
required number of men, who were of the best material to 
be found in the Hoosier state from every walk of life. 
This was due to an inspiration of patriotism as pure as the 
air. Our people were aroused to the importance of the 
work before them, and to the force and spirit of the re- 
bellion, and marshalled their hosts for the conflict. The 
Confederate armies had won signal victories from the com- 
mencement of hostilities, on April 12, 1861, and, flushed 
with success on many battle-fields, from Manassas (Bull 
Run) to Slaughter Mountain, were gathering on our bor- 
der, threatening invasion of the states lying north of the 
Ohio river, and known as "the North," in contradistinction 
from the South. The Army of the Potomac had just re- 
treated before the Army of Northern Virginia, in the seven 
days battles. In the west the Confederate general, E. Kirby 
Smith, was threatening Cumberland Gap and Cincinnati, 
with a large army, and Bragg, the Confederate general, 
had flanked General Buell, and was on his march north, 
threatening the cities of Louisville, Kentucky, and Cincin- 
nati, Ohio. It was at this crisis that the President, on 
August 4, 1862, called for 300,000 militia for nine months' 
service, in addition to the call of July 2, 1862, for 300,000 
for three years. 

The fourth congressional district was fully represented 
in the armies of the Union, in regiments at the front ac- 
tively engaged, and the people had come to realize what 
war meant, and men who really desired closer acquaintance 
with it were scarce. The usual promises held out to vol- 
unteers were made. The orators of the day and the press 
joined in pledging them all that their fathers in former 
wars received. Every soldier was to be pensioned for life 
and have a land warrant for one hundred and sixty acres. 
The only pecuniary inducement offered by the recruiting 
officers to secure enlistments was the Government bounty 



ENLISTMENT AND MUSTER-IN. 



of one hundred dollars for three years' service and the 
regular pay of thirteen dollars per month, with board and 
clothing, the soldier to do his own cooking and washing; 
the allowance for clothing was three dollars and fifty cents 
a month, and rations twenty-five cents a day. At that 
time a farm laborer was getting eighteen to twenty-five 
dollars a month, with board, washing, and all home com- 
forts, without the hazards of war. Only in a few instances 
was the question of pay alluded to by the voluateer, and in 
no case except a family were dependent upon his earnings 
for support. Well might he hesitate, for the cost of living 
was advancing, and the earnings of our soldiers were in- 
adequate to the support of their families, and thousands 
would have suffered, and in many cases perished for want 
of food and clothing, but for the kindly charities of their 
neighbors, inspired by patriotism and a common danger. 
To assure the soldier of his pay, immediate and prospective, 
General Scott, commander of the army of the United 
States, in September, 1861, issued his famous order No. 16, 
as follows: _ 

General Order No. 16. 

Headquarters of the Army, 
Washington, Sept. 3, 1861. 
The General-in-chief is happy to announce that the Treasury 
Department, to meet the payment of troops, is about to supply, besides 
coin, as heretofore, Treasury notes, in fives, tens and twenties, as 
good as gold, to all banks and government offices throughout the 
United States, and most convenient for transmission by mail from 
officers and men to their families at home. Good husbands, fathers, 
sons and brothers, serving under the stars and stripes, will thus soon 
have a ready and safe means of relieving an immense amount of 
suffering, which could not be relieved m coin. In making up such 
packages, every officer may be relied upon, no doubt, for such assist- 
ance as may be needed by his men. 

By command of Lieutenant-General Scott, 

E. D. Townsend, 
Assistant Adjutant-General. 

Have these promisesbeen redeemed.'^ To-day the " old 
soldier" of a war in which the loss of life exceeded that of 



SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



all wars of our Republic and all of England's wars for over 
eight centuries of history, is termed a " coffee cooler, " a 
"fraud, "a "mercenary," by the children of those for whom 
he restored the nation and preserved an undivided national 
domain, the greatest and richest inheritance ever bestowed 
upon a free people. For what cause are these opprobrious 
epithets applied? Certainly not because he accepted pay 
in depreciated " greenbacks " which were worth on an aver- 
age, not to exceed sixty cents on the dollar, at one time 
worth only ten twenty-eighths of a dollar, instead of money 
" as good as gold," as promised; not because land-warrants 
were not given to him; not because of spasmodic liberal 
execution of pension laws. 

The regiment left Camp Logan on August i8, and ar- 
rived in Indianapolis the same day about sundown, and 
bivouacked for the night on the stone floor of the state 
house. 

In the early morning of August 19, at Camp Carring- 
ton, in Indianapolis, the regiment was furnished with break- 
fast, followed by distribution of equipments, consisting in 
part of knapsacks, haversacks, rubber ponchoes. blankets 
and overcoats.. Whoever was the cause of the delivery of 
heavy woolen blankets and overcoats to the boys in Au- 
gust was cursed without stint within forty-eight hours. 
Winter clothing in the month of August did not seem to 
be a necessity. 

It was two o'clock in the afternoon when a parade 
was formed in two long, irregular lines of men in blue, 
many of whom were in line for the first time, extending 
diagonally across the " old camp ground." The men stood 
at a "parade rest," without arms, the lines about three 
paces apart; the surgeons passed down the front line from 
right to left, returning in front of rear rank, inspecting the 
men (it was called examination), and in a few instances, 
seeing the blanched face of some boy who had just bade 
farewell to mother, sister or sweetheart, perhaps for the last 



ENLISTMENT AND MUSTEK-IN. 



time, would order him to step out in front one pace, for 
more careful examination. The surgeons made report, and 
the mustering officer, by whose side stood our colonel, Ed- 
ward A. King, ordered "ATTENTION! Hats off! Hands 
up!" Some raised the right hand, some the left, and a 
few both. The mistakes were quickly corrected, and in due 
form the following oath of service was taken: 

"I, do solemnly swear that I will bear 

true faith and allegiance to the United States of America. 
That I will serve them honestly and faithfully against all 
their enemies, whomsoever; that I will obey the orders of 
the President of the United States, and of the officers ap- 
pointed over me, according to the 'Rules and Articles of 
war.' So help me God." 

The mustering ofBcer declared "the officers and men 
of the Sixty-eighth Indiana Infantry duly mustered into 
the service of the United States to serve for the period of 
three years, or during the war, unless sooner discharged." 
The regiment was now an integral part of the grand army 
of the Union in the_battle between liberty and slavery; be- 
twixt nationality and state sovereignty, a unit in the great 
army of freedom. 

Colonel King then ordered "Attention!" and informed 
the regiment that it would go at once to Kentucky, without 
arms, which would be furnished at Louisville. 

The afternoon was well spent, when the ranks were 
broken and men ordered to quarters. Governor Morton 
asked the regiment to go into Kentucky, where troops were 
badly needed, without the twenty-five dollars "advance 
bounty money, " saying that arms would be furnished at 
Louisville; that the mere force of our presence in Kentucky 
was invaluable to the service. Three cheers and a promise 
to go were given the Governor, and within fifty minutes the 
regiment was moving to the old Union depot, and at mid- 
night was on the cars and on the way to Kentucky, at that 
time a theater of war. The regiment was rushed to the 



lO SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT I. V. I. 

front, without instruction, without drill, without arms, only 
a few hours after the men had left their homes. A sol- 
dier was popular then. 

"God and the soldier all men adore 
In times of war — but not before. 
When the war is over, and all things righted, 
God is forgotten and the soldier slighted." 

Contrast the soldier as he stood at the front offering 
his life for the preservation of the union of the states; 
as a guarantor for the payment of money due the bond- 
holder, and as he stands today, recalled only as a pensioner 
and a useless burden to the government he fought for and 
saved to the world, "a Government of the people, by the 
people, and for the people. " 



CHAPTER 



KENTUCKY CAMPAIGN — AUGUST 20 TO SEPTEMBER 26, I 862. 

"We are marching to the field, boys, 
Going to the fight, 
Shouting the battle-cry of freedom." 

Our first excursion by rail, the night of our muster 
into the United States service, was not made in a vestibule 
train of Pullman cars, but in box and cattle cars, and 
crowded so it was impossible to lie down. We were re- 
joiced when we arrived at Jeffersonville, Indiana, in front 
of Louisville, the following morning, and tumbled out of 
the cars, and were -soon in line on the banks of the Ohio 
river. At lo o'clock A. M. on the second day of our serv- 
ice we crossed the river at Louisville, landing at foot 
of Third street. The line was formed on Third street. 
The heat was intense. 

The Sixty-eighth made its first march south of the 
Ohio river through the city of Louisville, where on every 
side was seen uniforms, swords and muskets, telling us we 
had reached the theater of war. We were the van guard 
of the troops forwarded by the governors of Ohio, Indi- 
ana, Illinois and Michigan on* the urgent appeals of the 
secretary of war, to resist the Confederate invasion of 
Kentucky and the threatened invasion of Ohio. In this 
connection a letter of General Bragg,' commanding con- 
federate forces in Tennessee, to Major-General John C. 
Breckenridge, will be read with interest: 

1— Vol. J6. part 2. War Records, page !)'.».'>. 



12 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 

Chattanooga, August 8, 1862. 
Major- General J. C. Breckenridge. 

My Dear General: — Having but time for a note, per Mr. John- 
son, I must leave him to explain what he knows or suspects of the 
future. My army has promised to make me military governor of 
Ohio in ninety days, Seward's time for crushing the rebellion, and 
as they cannot do that without passing your home, I have thought 
you would like to have an escort to visit your family. * * * Your 
influence in Kentucky would be equal to an extra division in my 
army, but you can readily see my embarrassment. Your division 
cannot be brought here now. '* * * If agreeable to yourself and 
General Van Dorn, you have no time to lose. 

* * * * * * 

We only await our train, and the capture of the forces at Cum- 
berland Gap, both of which we expect to hear from very soon. 
Our prospects were never more encouraging. 

Most respectfully and truly yours, 

Braxton Bragg. 

General Bragg crossed the Tennessee river with his 
army on the 24th of August, and Walden's Ridge on the 
28th, and was marching northward. General E. Kirby 
Smith was at Barboursville, Kentucky, with an army of 
10,000 men ready to move on Lexington, Kentucky, and 
Cincinnati, Ohio. General Stevenson was in front of Cum- 
berland Gap with about 12,000 men, thus surrounding our 
forces, 7,000 men, at the Gap, under Brigadier-General 
George W. Morgan. General Humphrey Marshall with 
8,000 men was marching from Pound Gap, by way of Mt. 
Sterling, to join Kirby Smith. General Bragg with his army 
passed the left flank of the Army of the Ohio, under General 
Buell, and crossed the Cumberland river at Gainesville on 
September 10, reaching Glasgow, Kentucky, on September 
13, before any portion of the army of General Buell passed 
Bowling Green, thus separating our forces, severing our 
communications, and leading to the capture of our forces 
at Munfordville on the 17th. From the i8th to the 21st 
the two armies confronted each other near Prewitt's Knob, 
and disposition was made for battle. While the troops of 
General Buell were being placed in position by General 



KENTUCKY CAMPAIGN — AUG. 20 TO SEPT. 26, '62. I 3 



Thomas, Bragg retreated, moving a short distance toward 
Louisville, then, turning to the right, took a position near 
Bardstown to form a junction with the forces of General 
E. Kirby Smith and assault the city of Louisville. General 
Buell's army moved on what is now known as the river road 
to Louisville, arriving on the 28th. General Bragg on arriv- 
ing at Bardstown found that the whole available force of 
General E. Kirby Smith had gone in pursuit of General 
Morgan's forces at Cumberland Gap, who were trying to 
escape by the valley of Sandy river in eastern Iventucky. 
The delay caused by this pursuit prevented a junction of 
the rebel forces as designated, and enabled General Buell 
to reach Louisville before an assault could be made on the 
city. The plan of the rebels in their campaign in Iven- 
tucky was to capture the cities of Louisville and Cincin- 
nati, save Kentucky to the Confederacy, and carry the war 
into the north. 

The saddest words of tongue or pen are "what might 
have been." Had General Bragg advanced by forced 
marches, instead of delaying about six days, to capture 
Munfordville, he could have reached Louisville at least one 
week ahead of Buell, and with the aid of General E. Kirby 
Smith, whom he had ordered to join him, assaulted and 
captured Louisville, with over 20,000 raw and undisci- 
plined Union troops, and successfully resisted the army of 
General Buell. 

The battle of Richmond was fought on August 30, 
with a loss to our army of 220 killed, 867 wounded and 
4,800 captured. This engagement was brought on by Gen- 
eral Manson m violation of orders of General Nelson, and 
was a great disaster to the Union arms, practically de- 
stroying one-third of our army in Kentucky. 

The Sixty-eighth Indiana was in camp at Louisville. 
On August 22 it was armed with Springfield rifles, each 
soldier getting a gun and cartridge box, and forty rounds 
of ammunition. Those were busy and exciting days, and 



14 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 

full of study for officers and men alike. Squad and com- 
pany movements were practised with regularity. The 
manual of arms was the most "catchy," and "load in nine 
times," with the ring of the iron ramrod in the empty 
barrels, were familiar sounds. Very few of our officers 
were qualified to drill a company, and the regiment was a 
large "awkward squad." Our first "dress parade" at 
Louisville must have been amusing to our colonel, but he 
gave no sign. On the 23d the regiment drew its teams — 
twelve wagons and seventy-two mules — and on the 25th, 
about noon, it broke camp and marched six miles, toward 
Bardstown, on a Kentucky pike, wide and dusty, under 
the fierce glare of an August sun. On the 28th, at 2 P. 
M., we arrived at Bardstown, and pitched tents on the 
banks of Salt river, about one mile from town, where we 
remained drilling every moment when not otherwise em- 
ployed until the 31st, when we struck tents and marched 
ten miles toward Lebanon. It was at Bardstown, on the 
29th, about midnight, that our first long roll was sounded. 
It was a false alarm given to accustom officers and men to 
this imperative call for duty. The Sixty-eighth was the 
only regiment at that place. On September i we arrived 
at Lebanon. While there Company A of the Sixty-eighth, 
under Captain John S. Scobey, Company I of the Seventy- 
fifth, under Captain Mahlon D. Floyd, and Company B of 
the Seventy-second, under Captain Henry M. Carr, were 
sent to Muldraughs Hill, under command of Henry M. 
Carr, the senior captain, to intercept a battalion of General 
John H. Morgan's forces. They selected a good position, 
but Morgan failed to attack them on their chosen battle 
ground, and after waiting a day for him they returned to 
Lebanon. On the 6th we went by railroad to Lebanon 
Junction. On the 15th the regiment, with the exception 
of Companies B and I, and a picket guard of i 56 men from 
the other eight companies, under command of Lieutenant 
Richard L. Leeson, was sent by rail to re-enforce the com- 







<;x? 



LIEUTEXAXT-rOLOXPIL lOHX S. SCOBEY. 



KENTUCKY CAMPAIGN AUG. 20 TO SEPT. 26, '62. 15 

mand at Munfordville. The bridge at Bacon creek having 
been destroyed by the enemy, the regiment got off the cars 
and marched quickly to Munfordville, arriving at lo P. M., 
and were at once placed in position by the commanding 
officer, Colonel Dunham, and held it, with the loss of 2 men 
wounded, until the surrender on the 17th. 

Colonel C. L. Dunham,' in his report of operations at 
Munfordville, says: 

Justice requires me to acknowledge my obligations to Lieutenant- 
Colonel Edward A. King, of the Nineteenth Regulars, but now Colo- 
nel of the Sixty-eighth Indiana Infantry. He had position about 
midway of the south line of the works west of the railroad. Six 
companies of his regiment were held in a hollow near by, as a sup- 
port, the assault being anticipated in that direction. His experience, 
coolness and close- observation, even when shells and musket balls 
flew thick and fast, were invaluable and cannot be too highly praised. 

On September 17, at 2 A. M., the forces at Munford- 
ville, to-wit: Thirteenth Indiana Light Artillery (de- 
tachment). Seventeenth Indiana Infantry (detachment). 
Fifteenth, Sixtieth, Sixty-seventh, Sixty-eighth, Seventy- 
fourth (two compaeies). Seventy-eighth (Company K), 
Eighty-ninth Indiana Infantry, Twenty-eighth Kentucky 
(Company G), First Ohio Light Artillery, Battery D, 
Eighteenth United States Infantry, Company H, Second 
Battalion, 156 commissioned officers and 3,992 enlisted 
men, were surrendered to the enemy by Colonel John T. 
Wilder, who had succeded Colonel C. L. Dunham in com- 
mand. Colonel Wilder before surrendering was graciously 
permitted to visit the lines of the enemy and observe their 
strength, which he estimated at over 25,000 men, with forty- 
five cannon in position to reduce the place. He surrendered 
at once to stop further and useless loss of life. Union loss,'- 
15 killed and 57 wounded. Confederate loss,'' 35 killed 
and 250 wounded. 

The terms of surrender provided that; officers should 

1— Vol. 16, part 1, War Kecords, page 967. 2— Vol. 16, part 1, War Records, page 116T. 
3— Vol. 16, part 1, \\'ar Records, pafje 982. 



l6 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I, 



retain their side arms and all private property, and enlisted 
men retain their haversacks, canteens and blankets, and have 
four days' rations. At 6 A. M., on the 17th, our forces 
marched out of the works with all the honors of vvar. Of- 
ficers and men were paroled. 

The silk flag given the Sixty-eighth by the ladies of 
Greensburg was not turned over to the enemy, being se- 
creted on the person of Colonel Edward A. King. 

On the 1 8th the enemy gave us out of stores captured 
from us four days' alleged rations, one cracker and one- 
third pound of bacon each, and under a flag of truce and a 
rebel escort, with a band playing " Dixie,'" we marched 
through their lines to the army of General Buell. Our 
march through the picket lines was somewhat delayed by the 
little pleasantry of the pickets shooting at each other, and 
we were halted until this exchange of courtesies was com- 
pleted. On the 20th, after marching and counter march- 
ing, on dusty roads, tormented by the heat, suffering from 
thirst and hunger, and at times nearly smothered by dust, 
we arrived at Bowling Green nearly famished, having passed 
over a route that had been ravaged by both armies. We 
were promised rations at Bowling Green, which for some 
reason were not furnished us. However, rations in abund- 
ance were obtained in an irregular manner, no regular re- 
turn being made, and now, for the first time, the delayed 
"Ration Return," by Lieutenant-Colonel Ben C. Shaw, is 
published. 

A DELAYED RATION RETURN. 

When we reached Buell's army after the surrender of Munford- 
ville, Kentucky, at which place we had been taken prisoners, and had 
been paroled by Bragg, we were almost famished. Buell's army was 
almost as bad of¥, having but little spoiled meat to divide with us. 
Even this poor fare was extremely palatable, but did not suffice to 
restore us to our normal condition. After three days we were ordered 
to Bowling Green, some fifty miles southwest of Cave City, which 
was General Buell's headquarters. We were promised one day's 



KENTUCKY CAMPAIGN AUG. 20 TO SEPT. 26, '62. 1/ 



rations at a small railroad station which we were told we could 
reach by noon. When we reached there, and before it came our turn 
to draw our rations, we were ordered to Cave City, as an exchange 
had been effected for our regiment, Colonel King having remained 
at Buell's headquarters for that purpose. The order also directed 
that lOur share of the rations should be turned over to our comrades 
in misery, who would be compelled to trudge on to Bowling Green 
and then make a several days' march for Indiana. 

We cheerfully fell into line again and about-faced, believing 
that a great favbr had been obtained for our regiment. As we left 
the long-looked-for rations behind, we, even in ,our hunger, felt a 
great pity for our comrades who had not received the favor of an 
exchange. 

With buoyant step, in three hours' time we had tramped to 
within six or eight miles of Cave City, when we were met by a courier 
from General Buell who informed us that the exchange had failed,, 
and ordered us back to Bowling Green at once. The courier also 
handed me a note from Colonel King, briefly stating the same facts 
and saying that he would go by rail to Bowling Green and have 
rations ready for our arrival, which he hoped we could make by the 
evening of the next day. We were about forty-five miles from Bow- 
ling Green at this time. 

We promptly counter-marched again on that historic Louisville 
and Nashville pike, but not with the same light step as before. We 
seemed to be of the opinion that our stomachs needed something to 
sustain us and were revolting at the long delay. All the time this 
miserable counter-marching was going on we had not one drop of. 
water except some miserable stuff that was taken from stagnant ponds 
along the roadside and in the pastures. They were covered with, 
slime and lined around the edges with mule dung, and our stomachs 
revolted at the sight of them. Both Bragg's and Buell's commands 
had been foraging along that road for the last ten or fifteen days, 
and there was no hope of securing a mouthful of provisions any- 
where. As night came on our skirmishers reported that a corn field 
near by liad a few ears of corn yet in it, scattered about, and that 
with good search we might find enough to satisfy our immediate 
cravings of hunger. I ordered the command into camp, and the boys 
parched corn and ate it. There was not enough left for breakfast 
the next morning, but with the hope of supply when we got to Bowl- 
ing Green, thirty-five miles away, we started out. Tired, footsore 
and weary, about eight o'clock that night we were met by Colonel 
King, about two miles out of Bowling Green, with the information 
that not a pound of rations could be obtained. He said that Colonel 
Bruce, of a Kentucky regiment, who was in command of the post, 
informed him that all the rations in the post commissary had been 
distributed and he did not have a single ration at his command. 
2 



SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I, 



This news was received in silence by the men. They were famished 
for food and water. The anxiety of my mind was intensely strained. 
The prospect of water a short distance ahead led us to go on until 
we should reach it. Even to lie down on the commons of Bowling 
Green and know that we were at the end of our journey would be 
some relief, so on we went. 

Although after we had gone into camp Colonel King fully ex- 
plained to some officers how he had exhausted every means to obtain 
rations, and although it seemed utterly impossible, he was willing 
to go up to town with any of us to see if any further efforts would 
promise better results. We were about half a mile from headquarters. 

At once Adjutant Goodwin and myself started with him on the 
forlorn mission. Coming to the post guard line, we were refused 
admission, as Colonel King had forgotten to get the countersign, 
and the sentinels said their orders were imperative. I asked the 
guards to call the officer of the guard, which was done, who, on his 
arrival, said it was impossible to admit us without the countersign. 
I then introduced the officer to Colonel King, saying his regiment 
was lying on the commons, had just arrived, and that he had very 
important business to look after at headquarters, and as we were 
bound to go in his next duty was to send us to headquarters under 
guard, and a single non-commissioned officer could perform that duty, 
to which the officer of the guard readily consented. 

Colonel King, however, objected, saying a regular officer could 
not afford to subrhit to the indignity of going to headquarters under 
arrest, that the adjutant and myself might go if we saw fit, but he 
would go back to the regiment and sleep with the boys on the ground. 

Consequently, the adjutant and myself were sent up to headquar- 
ters, with the sergeant of the guard as an escort. Arriving at head- 
quarters, we were ushered to a room on the public square contain- 
ing a number of officers with a captain seated at a table, who we 
inferred was acting provost marshal. We three approached him rap- 
idly. Neither the adjutant nor myself had any insignia of office about 
us, except the swords at our sides and a light blouse. Saluting the 
captain, I asked if he was the provost marshal. He replied in 
the affirmative. I said this sergeant, as an officer of the guard, had 
refused to allow Colonel King to come to headquarters, and com- 
manding him to remain out on the commons with his regiment that 
had just come in, though he had important business at the headquar- 
ters of the post, adding, we will leave him with you, whereupon we 
strode out of the room, before the astonished sergeant could find 
tongue to express his surprise at the turn affairs were taking. We 
had important business elsewhere and proceeded to attend to it. 

We sTispected the distribution of the post commissary rations 
to the commands encamped in Bowling Green and around was only 



KENTUCKY CAMPAIGN — AUG. 20 TO SEPT. 26, '62. I 9 



a ruse to excuse the disobedience of General Buell's order to supply 
all the paroled prisoners with rations, on their arrival, and it only 
took us a few minutes to get sufficient evidence, at least enough to 
convince us that that was the true reason. After consultation, we 
resolved to beat the scheme by some kind of strategy not laid down 
in the books, as the "regulation road" had been diligently canvassed 
by Colonel King that day. 

We located the principal depot of supplies and woke up the sen- 
tinel. At our request, he woke up the commissary sergeant, who 
appeared in his night clothes. We told him we were officers inter- 
ested in the government supplies, and wanted to see the condition of 
the stock. We found that it was quite ample, and asked him if we 
came in the morning with an order from General Buell, counter- 
signed by the post commander, if he would issue a couple of loads 
for a couple of regiments that had just arrived and were almost fam- 
ished. He seemed astonished, and said that the rations belonged to 
Colonel Bruce's regiment, that all post rations had been distributed, 
etc., etc. We then went to an old hotel and deliberated. We lost 
no time in coming to the conclusion that if any troops in the army 
were entitled to any rations it was the Sixty-eighth Indiana, and 
that it was our duty to see that they got them. Then Adjutant Good- 
win went to the camp of a neighboring regiment and borrowed a 
couple of wagons to facilitate our movements. He brought twenty 
men with him. He was instructed to call me Major, for we had no 
major at that time. I met the wagons near the point of attack. The 
sentinel was somewhat surprised to see us and called the sergeant. 
I told him to hand meliis gun, which he did very promptly. I then 
told the sergeant to open the door, which he very obligingly did. He 
was disposed to object, but seeing the force of my remarks concluded 
to sit down upon a sack and take a rest. For company I sat down 
beside him. As I had the only gun, I felt able to command the situ- 
ation, which I very obligingly did. The boys were very busy, and 
frequently asker the "Major" what to take next. They took what- 
ever was in sight, and only stopped when the wagons were full and 
we thought we had about evened up the shameful way we had been 
treated. Adjutant Goodwin then started the wrong way, to throw 
them off the scent, while I stayed to converse with the sentinel and 
sergeant. When near the time for the relief to fall in I suddenly 
remembered that I had the sentinel's gun, which I restored to him, 
remarking that I must be going, as I had to see Colonel Bruce and 
serve him with the requisition which I had on him from General 
Buell. 

As I approached our camp the smell of cooking meat and boil- 
ing coffee was indeed as a sweet smelling savor to my olfactory 
system. I was received with much enthusiasm, which I remember 
to this day with pleasure. 



20 SIXTY- EIGHTH REGIMPINT, I. V. I. 

After breakfast, in company with Adjutant Goodwin and Sur- 
geon Wooden, I went to Colonel Bruce's headquarters, and standing 
in front of him asked if I had the honor of addressing Colonel 
Bruce, the post commander. He replied that I had. I handed him 
a paper, saying, "I have a requisition from General Buell for three 
horses for the use of the officers of our regiment in marching to the 
Ohio river." Without opening the paper he demanded if I was the 
"Major" who robbed his commissary department that morning. Dr. 
Wooden spoke up quickly and said: "Colonel Bruce, allow me to 
introduce you to Lieutenant-Colonel Shaw, of the Sixty-eighth Indi- 
ana Infantry." Colonel Bruce said, "Colonel, I beg your pardon," 
and went on to tell how some major of one of these paroled regi- 
ments had taken liberties with some provisions which belonged to 
his regiment. We were surprised to hear it. As soon as his strong 
flow of language had subsided we called his attention again to the 
requisition, whereupon he gave orders at once for their delivery to us. 
Within two hours thereafter the Sixty-eighth Indiana was moving 
briskly out for the Ohio river. 

I have no apologies to make for delaying this report of the 
"operations of the Sixty-eighth Indiana, in the above action," except 
to charge it to forgetfulness. Now that it comes to my mind I hereby 
tender it to that strictly first-class officer and gentleman, Colonel 
Bruce, late editor of the Turf, Field and Farm. 

I have the honor to be, etc., 

B. C. Shaw, 
Lieutenant-Colonel Sixty-eighth Ind. 

Indianapolis, Ind., Aug. 19, 1891. 

On the 26th we reached the Ohio riA-er, crossing at 
Brandenburg, and two days later arrived at New Albany, 
Indiana. On October i we arrived at Indianapolis and 
were given a parole furlough until October 27. 

The detachment of 156 men from Companies A, C, 
D, E, F, G, H and K at Lebanon Junction was. on order 
of General Dumont, organized as a company. Lieutenant 
Richard L. Leeson in command, which, with Companies 
B and I, was placed under command of Major Joseph B. 
Cox, Sixtieth Indiana Infantry, and put in readiness to move 
against the enemy, who were firing on our pickets. Cox's 
battalion was on double duty daily, on picket, then at work 
on fortifications, then on outpost duty again, followed by 
battalion drill. 



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LIEUTENANT JOHN W. HUFFMAN AND WIFE. 



KENTUCKY CAMPAIGN— AUG. 20 TO SEPT. 26, '62. 2 1 



One half of Company B was on picket duty the night 
of September i6, at which time Albert Rankin was shot and 
mortally wounded by his friend, Mark Robertson, under 
the following circumstances, related by Captain George W. 
Foreman: 



The firing at the front soon had the reserves in line of battle. 
The remaining one-half of Company B formed a skirmish Ime and 
advanced in the wood toward the picket line, when we soon met Rob- 
ertson coming to the rear at race-horse speed, yelling at every jump, 
"The enemy is coming." We stopped him, and advancing cautiously 
for some distance we heard Albert Rankin calling, "Oh, Mark, come 
back; you have shot me." We hastened to him, and found that he 
was mortally wounded, the ball having entered his body near the 
navel. The wounded man said, " Mark and me were sleeping together, 
and I awoke and went a short distance, and on returning Mark, half 
awake, jumped up and shot me." Robertson and Rankin were close 
friends, and were engaged to marry sisters upon their return from 
the service. 



This tragedy was due to the severe tension on raw 
troops in face of the enemy. Albert Rankin died in a few 
hours, and was buried at Shepherdsville, Bullitt county. 
Mark Robertson was a good soldier, and fought bravely in 
the battle of Chickamauga, where he fell severely wounded 
in Saturday's tight and was taken prisoner. He has since 
entered into that larger life beyond the grave. 

On the morning of the 17th Cox's battalion moved to 
Shepherdsville, where it remained until the 21st, when it 
went to Louisville by rail, where it was on daily duty drill- 
ing until the 30th, when it was ordered to Elizabethtown, 
and marched to a point opposite New Albany, Indiana, 
where it embarked on the steamer ' ' Mary Crane " and went 
to West Point. There it debarked at 9 P. M. and biv- 
ouacked for the night, and resumed the march in the early 
morning, reaching Elizabethtown at 8 A. M., and at i P. 
M. started to Louisville, going six miles. The object of 
this march was to guard Buell's wagon train of about 2,000 
wagons to Louisville, and for the three following days they 



22 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 

made eig^hteen miles a day. The weather was very warm, 
the road=; dusty, and no water, save what was found in 
stagnant pools, the wells and springs having all been drained. 
The men arrived at Louisville tired and thirsty, many of 
them worn out, broken down, and permanently disabled by 
this terribly exhausting march. The cheering news at 
Louisville, " ordered to Indianapolis," greeted the men of 
the Sixty-eighth and in a few hours they were en route 
by railroad to Indianapolis, arriving at midnight, October 
6th, and were given a furlough hom.e to October 27. This 
recall to Indianapolis to rejoin the regiment was obtained 
from the War Department by Governor Morton. 

On September 29, the Confederate armies occupied 
the principal part of Kentucky, their lines extending from 
Lexington to Bardstown. On the 4th day of October, 
1862, a provisional state government was instituted by Gen- 
eral Bragg by the inauguration of Richard Hawes as gov- 
ernor, evidence of which is submitted as follows:^ 

Headquarters Department No. 2. 

Bryantsville, Ky., Oct. 12, 1862. 
Sir: — By a great pressure of active engagements I have been 
unable to communicate since my last dispatch until now. My rapid 
tour of inspection was suddenly terminated at Frankfort just at the 
close of installing the provisional governor into office, a heavy advance 
of the enemy on that point rendering it necessary for me to concen- 
trate my forces. * * * * 

I am, sir, very respectfully your obedient servant, 

Braxton Bragg, 

General Commanding. 
The Adjutant General, Richmond, Va. 

This is confirmed by the report of Union General J. 
W. Sill,' as follows: 

Headquarters Second Division, Oct. 5, 1862. 
General: — * * * On Friday evening and Saturday morning 
the rebels had massed at Frankfort an army estimated at from 12,000 

1 — Vol. 16, part 1, War Records, page 1087. 
2— Vol. 16, part 1, War Records, page 1020. 



KENTUCKY CAMPAIGN — AUG. 20 TO SEPT. 26, '62. 23 

to 20,000. They inaugurated Richard Hawes as governor, at 12 M. 
yesterday; at 3 P. M. they began to evacuate, and during the evening 
burned the railroad bridge over the Kentucky river and also tore up 
the flooring and timbers of the turnpike bridge. * * * 
Respectfully, your obedient servant, 

J. W. Sill, Brig. 
To Maj.-Gen. D. C. Buell. 

The creation of a state g-overnment, and the enforce- 
ment of conscription and other Confederate laws show the 
purpose of the invasion was permanent occupation of the 
state. That it was so regarded by the people of Kentucky, 
we have the testimony of Hon. James B. Beck, late United 
States senator from that state, and a law partner of John C. 
Breckinridge from 1855 to i860, given as a witness before 
the *'Buell Commission," as follows : 

Question — Did the people of Kentucky regard the invasion of 
the state by the armies of Bragg and Kirby Smith, and the additional 
force that was expected under Breckinridge, as a temporary raid, 
or did they regard it as a formidable effort to get possession of the 
state, and secure it to the cause of the rebellion? 

Answer — I think^-all regarded it as a formidable effort to hold 
permanent possession of Kentucky, if possible. ' 

On October 3d General Bragg's army began its ret- 
rogade movement from Bardstown via Perryville and Har- 
rodsburg, passing Cumberland Gap October 19 to 24, and 
four weeks later appeared before Nashville, Tennessee, bet- 
ter organized, better clothed and fed, and in larger numbers 
than when it entered Kentucky in midsummer. 

The Confederate invasion of Kentucky inflicted upon 
the Union catise heavy and severe losses — 20,000 prisoners, 
and 25,000 stand of small arms, 81 pieces of artillery, 1,000 
wagons and teams, and large stores of subsistence, were 
captured : also, a large number of horses and mules con- 
fiscated from the loyal farmers, and nearly 7,000 Union 
soldiers killed and wounded; yet failed utterly in its main 
purpose, the capture of the cities of Louisville and Cincin- 



24 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 

nati, and securing Kentucky to the Confederacy. In sup- 
port of this view I call the enemy as a witness. General 
Bragg/ in his report dated Bryantsville, Kentucky, Octo- 
ber 12, 1862, says: 

The campaign here was predicated on a belief and the most 
positive assurance that the people of this country would rise en masse 
to assert their independence. No people ever had so favorable an 
opportunity, but I am distressed to add there is little or no disposi- 
tion to avail of it. Willing perhaps to accept their independence, 
they are. neither disposed nor willing to risk their lives or their prop- 
erty in its achievement. With ample means to arm 20,000 men and 
a force with that to fully redeem the state, we have not yet issued 
half the arms left us by casualties incident to the campaign. 

Thus ended the Confederate campaign in Kentucky. 
Sic transit gloria mundi. 

1 — Vol. IG, part 1, War Eecords, page 1037. 



CHAPTER III. 



CAMP DUMONT MURFREESBORO. 

"The foe is before us in battle array, 
But let us not waver nor turn from the way."' 

October 27, 1862, the regiment reported in camp at 
Indianapolis for orders. All officers of the field, staff and 
line were nresent, and when the company rolls were called 
for the first time all were present, or accounted for. Some 
had answered the last roll call and crossed the mystic river, 
and others were in hospital or sick at home, from diseases 
contracted during the campaign in Kentucky, llie sudden 
change from home to camp, and march and battle, with 
the change from home cooking to army cooking, where 
"hard tack" and salt pork were the chief staples, was dis- 
astrous in its results. The march from Munfordville to 
Brandenburg, on dusty roads, without sufficient food or 
w^ater, a part of the time only green corn without salt, was 
as serious as a battle. Officers and enlisted men fared and 
suffered alike. 

This body of untrained soldiers, in camp awaiting ex- 
change, were anxious to learn the duties of a soldier. The 
first order issued from regimental headquarters is here 
given in full : 

Headquarters Sixty-eighth Indiana Regiment, 

Camp Dumont^ Indianapolis, Nov. i, 1862. 
General Order No. i. 

Until otherwise ordered, calls will be sounded from these head- 
quarters in the following order : 



26 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 

Reveille— 6 A. M. 
Breakfast— 7 A. M. 
Police call— 7:30 A. M. 
First call for guard mount — 7 145 A. M. 
Guard mount— 8 A. M. 
Sick call— 8:30 A. M. 
Sergeant's report — 9 A. M. 
Officer's drill — 9 130 to 10 :30 A. M. 
Company drill — 10:30 to 11 :30 A. M. 
Dinner call — 12 M. 
Officers drill— 3 to 4:30 P. M. 
Company drill — 3 to 4 -.30 P. M. 
Retreat— 5 P. M. 
Tattoo— 8:50 P. M. 
Taps— 8 :So P. M. 
By order of Edward A. King, Colonel. 

Cyrus B. Goodwin, Adjutant. 

The drill ground was a busy place. Our colonel was 
ubiquitous. He instituted a school for drill of commis- 
sioned officers, who in turn were better able to drill raw 
material. He taught us how to stand guard ; to serve on 
picket ; to fix a guard line ; to pitch a tent ; to police a camp ; 
and to discharge all of the duties of a soldier in camp and 
on the march. The regiment was fortunate in having a 
colonel who thoroughly understood all of the duties of army 
life. He was a fine disciplinarian — an ideal officer. 

Camp life was enlivened by frequent visits of relatives 
and friends of soldiers, and among the many visitations we 
recall one from Brookville, Franklin county (there were 
three companies from that county), of a number of people, 
and among them Hon. John S. Martin, a prominent farmer 
and local statesman, whose fame has since spread beyond 
the confines of his county. John was a Democrat of the 
school of Jefferson and Jackson, believed in the United 
States, and was a friend of the soldier. He was a temper- 
ance man, and a member of the Methodist Episcopal church 
also. While in camp with friends he was anxious to ex- 
tend hospitality of, an agreeable nature to the boys, his old 
friends, and he said, "Boys, it will not do for me to get any- 



CAMP DUMONT — MUREREESBORO. 27 

thing in glass, and try to pass the guard hne, but here is 
something for the use of any man who will get the refresh- 
ments." Alanson R. Ryman, another temperance man and 
a member of the Methodist Episcopal church, volunteered, 
and went out of camp and soon returned with three loaves 
of bread, which upon examination contained glass. He had 
run the blockade and the boys enjoyed the refreshments. 

On November 8 we drew arms and accoutrements, and 
on the 1 8th wxre informed of our exchange, which was 
greeted with three cheers. On the 27th we were in grand 
review by General Wright and Governor Morton. While 
at Indianapolis we lost three commissioned officers by resig- 
nation, fifty enlisted men by non-age, discharged by civil 
authority, thirty-six by transfer to the regular army, and 
ninety by death, and discharge by reason of disability due 
to the exposure and hardships of the midsummer campaign 
in Kentuck}'-, a total of 184 men. Those in hospital who 
never rejoined largely increased this number, so that by the 
time we again went to the front nearly one-fourth of the 
regiment had died^een discharged or transferred since its 
muster. 

On December 26 we went to Louisville, where we re- 
mained until January 7, when we broke camp in the early 
morning and marched to Portland, on the Ohio river, op- 
posite New Albany, Indiana, where we arrived at 10 A. 
M. and bivouacked on the wharf or landing without shelter. 
During the night snow fell to the depth of several inches. 
On the 8th we stood in the snow in inclement weather imtil 
5 P. M., when we embarked on the steamboats "Fort 
Wayne" and "Horizon," as guards for a fleet of twenty-six 
boats laden with supplies of all kinds for the Army of the 
Cumberland at Murfreesboro, Tennessee. The writer has 
a vivid recollection of that night, passed on the bank of 
"La Belle Riviere," with no shelter but the clouds over- 
head, and the winds of a winter storm to rock us to sleep 
on piles of camp equipage, strewn around promiscuously on 



SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



the landing. However, this exposure was accepted as a 
part of the show ; hut, taking a retrospective view, I am of 
the opinion that it would have been better to have got the 
boats ready before breaking camp. The exposure of that 
night caused much suiffering and disease, resulting in death 
to some, and the discharge of nearly one hundred of our 
regiment. Many of the men who camped on the river bank 
that night have since crossed the silent river by reason of 
disease contracted at that time, aggravated by exposure and 
hardships following. The change to life on the boat was 
agreeable and the situation novel. The pilot house of each 
boat was covered with boiler iron on each side, and the sides 
were boarded up with heavy plank, to protect the machinery 
of the boats, and the men from the attacks of guerrilla 
bands that infested the banks of the Cumberland river from 
Clarksville to Nashville, Tenneasee. We were attacked fre- 
quently, lost two boats, destroyed by the rebels, and several 
men killed and wounded. The fleet arrived at Nashville on 
January 19, and' we debarked on the 20th and pitched tents 
in the suburbs. The ground was covered with the beauti- 
ful snow to the depth of six inches. A dense fog — more 
opaque than a London fog — prevailed, and it was amusing 
to hear the call of company and regiment to avoid separa- 
tion. The snow was followed by mud, the genuine article, 
which had to be scraped in piles to lay out our camp. On 
the 23d we changed camp one-half mile east, and went 
through the same process of scraping mud, pitching Sibley 
tents, and policing camp, and on the 25th had inspection at 
II A. M., preaching at 2 P. M. and dress parade at 4 P. M., 
when we received orders to prepare to march at once. In 
thirty minutes we were on the march to the railroad depot, 
where we took the care and went east about ten miles to 
Sand Creek, where we got off the cars and bivouacked. 
About I A. M. we were called into line, and were soon on 
the march, going about four miles to attack the enemy, who 



CAMP DUMONT — MURFREESBORO. 29^ 

failed to meet us, and about 3 A. M. we were faced about 
and returned to the raih-oad, over a rough road, and at i 
P. M. took a train and returned to camp. This was a 
stirring winter for us ; we \\-ent on mmierous excursions l)y 
raih'oad to resist threatened attacks by the enemy. A part 
of the time we were subject to orders of WilHam Truesdale,, 
chief of army poHce, and on one occasion a detail of over 
two hundred men, under command of Captain Leeson, was. 
ordered to report to him for orders and were assigned to 
the duty of catching "niggers," to be put at work on forti- 
fications. About two hundred able bodied negroes were 
found and sent out to the works on the "Granny White" 
pike. At one time we were under command of General 
Dan McCook; again at Franklin under a General Smith. 

On April 3 we broke camp, arriving at Murfreesboro 
on the 4th, where we went into camp near the pike east of 
town. It was at this place that we parted company with 
the Sibley tent, which would hold about twenty-five men, 
and received what the boys called "pup tents," a small piece 
of canvas or coarse muslin, given to each soldier, to be car- 
ried on his knapsack, and two isoldiers, by buttoning their 
pieces together and stretching them over what was called 
a ridge pole, improvised for the occasion, and sloping to the 
ground and pinned there by wooden pins, formed a shelter 
from sun, and sometimes from rain. The Sibley tent was 
a fine thing while in camp, but on the march it was put into 
the wagon, that always failed to come up at night. At this 
time the wagon train was reduced from twelve wagons to 
two for each regiment, and the army placed in light niarch- 
ing order — ^stripped for the fray, as it were. 

General Orders No. 104, Headquarters Department of 
the Cumberland, ]\Iarch 8, 1863, limited each soldier to 
"one blanket, two pairs of drawers, two pairs of socks, one 
jacket or blouse, one pair of trowsers, one pair of shoes or 
boots, and one hat or cap. No articles of clothing tO' be 



30 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



carried in the knapsack except such of the above as are not 
worn." 

During our encampment at Murfreesboro we were un- 
assigned, but subject to orders of Major-General Joseph J. 
Reynolds, commanding the Fifth Division, Fourteenth 
Army Corps, to whose division the Sixty-eighth was as- 
signed in June. On April 20 Major-General Reynolds, with 
a force of 6,600 men, including our regiment, under com- 
mand of Lieutenant-Colonel Ben C. Shaw, made a recon- 
noissance to McMinnville and other points east of Murfrees- 
boro. While on this expedition, which lasted ten days, we 
destroyed the railroad from McMinnville to Manchester. 
All of the bridges and trestlework were burned, also one 
locomotive, and all cars along the road, including the depot 
at McMinnville, one large cotton factory and three mills. 
We captured 180 prisoners at various places from Morrison 
to Stone's river, including five commissioned officers; also 
600 blankets, 2 hogsheads of sugar, 2 hogsheads of rice, 200 
bales of cotton, 8 barrels of whiskey, 30,000 pounds of 
bacon, and a large number of horses and cattle. 

The Confederate forces in our front, with whom we had 
daily skirmishes, were cavalry under Brigadier-General 
John H. Morgan and Brigadier-General Martin, of Wheel- 
er's Cavalry Corps. In concluding his report of thj^ ex- 
pedition, General Reynolds^ says : 

A force at Alexandria or Liberty would command this whole 
district. The inhabitants may be divided into three classes : First, 
the wealthy ; second, those of medium means or well-to-do ; and, 
third, the poor. The first class are, with a few noble exceptions, 
decided rebels, their farms having furnished rebel supplies, and their 
houses have been made stopping places for rebel commanders, con- 
script agents, spies, etc. Without the aid furnished by these men, 
the raids upon the railroad from Murfreesboro to Nashville, and 
from Nashville to Gallatin, and even beyond, could not be made. 
With the supplies furnished by these quiet citizens, the rebels are 
enabled to move almost without transportation or provisions, know- 
ing just where forage and subsistence await them. 

1 — Vol. 23, part 1, War Records, page 267. 



CAMP DUMONT MURFREESBORO. 3 I 



The tone of this class in February, when we made our first expe- 
dition to that part of the country, was quite defiant; they were deter- 
mnied to persevere in their rebelUon until they secured their rights. 
They have since that time lost no little property in forage and ani- 
nuils to supply both armies, and, in addition, their negro men have 
run away, and the wagons that were driven, about February i, by 
soldiers detailed for that purpose were, about the last of April, just 
as well driven by the negroes that formerly lived in that section of 
country, and the strength of the companies was increased by the same 
number of able-bodied soldiers. 

The tone of this class is now changed. They have discovered 
their mistake. They had been misled. They have found their rights, 
and they are now anxious to take the non-combatant oath, give bonds, 
and stay at home. The question arises here, shall they be allowed 
to do so? At the risk of being oiiiicious, I respectfully answer, no. 
If the leading men of the neighborhoods are allowed to remain, 
although they may give bonds, when the rebels run into their neigh- 
borhoods they will be forced to aid them. If they are sent away 
their presence and their influence are gone. A few of this class re- 
turned with us, a step preliminary, I trust, to a longer journey. 

The second class have generally been well-meaning citizens, but 
without much influence politically; they have become from wavering 
men loyal citizens ; are desirous of taking the oath, and pursuing 
their ordinary avocations. Many of them have sons conscripted into 
the rebel service, who would desert that service and return home 
if their fathers were placed in a better position politically and their 
oppressors sent away, so that there would be no one to return them 
to a service which they detest. This class is deserving of the foster- 
ing care of the government. 

The third class are all loyal ; they have no weight in the com- 
munity; possess but little property; they have, in fact, been subju- 
gated all their lives. By encouragement they must improve. They 
have suffered greatly from the rebel conscription. The absence of 
the first class is a thing generally desired by them, but they speak it 
only in whispers. They have at least one thing in their favor — their 
devotion to the flag of their country is unwavering in both men and 
women. 

There was one idea that evidently occupied the minds of all 
classes. We were everywhere met with the question, "Will the Fed- 
eral army remain in middle Tennessee?" "Will it go forward and 
leave us, or will it go back and leave us?"' There is a feeling of inse- 
curity which can be eradicated only by adopting such measures as 
will convince the loyal people that this country is to be possessed 
only by loyal men, and that when our lines are advanced they are 
advanced forever; that no retrograde step will be taken, and that 
whatever may be necessary to loyalize a district of country. will be 
done before the army leaves it. 



32 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 

This report, with recommendations of General Rey- 
nolds, was forwarded by Major-General George H. Thomas, 
commanding- Fourteenth Army Corps, indorsed as follows : 

I take great pleasure in commending to the general commanding 
the remarks of General Reynolds on the status of the three classes 
of citizens now inhabiting Tennessee as just and appreciative, and 
fully indorse his recommendations as to what should be our policy 
toward them. If those who have heretofore been active rebels were 
invariably put beyond our lines, we should then be able to penetrate 
and occupy the insurgent territory with much more certainty, as we 
v/ould not then be under the necessity of keeping up such strong 
guards in our rear to secure our lines of communication. 

This endorsement clearly shows the purpose of General 
Thomas to do all in his power to suppress the rebellion. 

By Special Field Orders No. 156, Headquarters De- 
partment of the Cumberland, June 8, 1863, the Sixty-eighth 
Indiana was assigned to the Second Brigade, Fourth Di- 
vision, Fourteenth Army Corps, composed of the Eightieth 
Illinois, Sixty-eighth, Seventy-fifth and One Hundred and 
First Indiana, and One Hundred and Fifth Ohio Volunteers, 
and the Nineteenth Indiana Battery. The Eightieth IIH- 
nois was on detached service and on July 31, 1863, was as- 
signed to the reserve corps, commanded by Major-General 
Gordon Granger. 

The Seventy-fifth Regiment of Indiana Volunteers was 
raised in the eleventh congressional district of Indiana, and 
was organized at Wabash, and mustered into the United 
States service at Indianapolis on. the 19th day of August, 
1862, with John U. Pettitt as colonel. On the 21st it went 
to Louisville and took part in the campaign in Kentucky 
to repel the invasion by the enemy under General Braxton 
Bragg. In the battle of Hoover's Gap it lost two men 
wounded. In the battle of Chickamauga, with 514 swords 
and muskets in line, it lost 17 enlisted men killed, 4 com- 
missioned officers and 104 enlisted men wounded, and 2 com- 
missioned officers and 11 enlisted men missing, a total loss 




FRANK McSHANE, Company A. 



CAMP DUMONT MURFREESBORO. 33 

of 138. In the battle of Missionary Ridge, with 18 com- 
missioned officers and 294 enhsted men in Hne, it lost 4 
enlisted men killed. 1 commissioned officer and 14 enlisted 
men wounded, a total loss of 19. In the Atlanta campaign 
and the march to the sea it lost 6 killed and 20 wounded, 
a total loss of 26. 

The One Hundred and First Indiana Infantry was 
organized at Wabash in August, 1862, and mustered into 
the United States service on the 7th day of September, 1862, 
with William Garver as colonel. It was sent to Covington, 
Kentucky, to assist in repelling the invasion of the rebel 
general, E. Kirby Smith, and on the 23d day of September 
it was transported by boat to Louisville, Kentucky, and on 
October i, with General McCook's command, went in pur- 
suit of the army of General Bragg. It remained in Ken- 
tucky doing guard duty along railroads until January, 1863, 
when it went to Murfreesboro, arriving on the i ith, and was 
assigned to Hall's brigade, Reynolds' division. Fourteenth 
Army Corps. It was in the fight at Vaughts Hill (Milton), 
Tennessee, on March 20, 1863, and lost 43 in killed and 
wounded. It was in the engagement at Hoover's Gap. los- 
ing 6 men wounded. In the battle of Chickamauga it lost 
1 19 in killed, wounded and missing, out of 369 swords and 
rifles engaged. It took part in the battle of Missionary 
Ridge, losing 35 in killed, wounded and missing. In the 
Atlanta campaign and Sherman's march to the sea it lost 
2 killed and 30 wounded, a total loss of 32. 

The Nineteenth Indiana Battery was organized and 
mustered into the United States service at Indianapolis on 
the 5 th day of August, 1862, with Samuel J. Harris as cap- 
tain. At the time of the Confederate invasion of Ken- 
tucky under Bragg and Smith, it was ordered to Louis- 
ville, Kentucky, and was assigned to the Tenth Division of 
the Army of the Ohio. It was in the battle of Perryville 
and rendered efficient service. It reached Murfreesboro 
soon after the battle of Stone river in January, 1863, where 



34 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, 1. V. I. 



it was assigned to Hall's brigade, Reynolds' division. Four- 
teenth Army Corps, and at the re-organization of the army 
in October, 1863, at Chattanooga, it was assigned to the 
Second Brigade, Third Division, Fourteenth Army Corps, 
with which it remained until the close of the war. In the 
battle of Perryville it lost 18, and in Chickamauga 20 men. 
The One Hundred and Fifth Ohio Volunteers was a 
Western Reserve regiment. It was mustered into the United 
States service at Camp Taylor, near Cleveland, on the 21st 
day of August, 1862, and on the evening of the same day 
started to the theater of war. It arrived at Covington, Ken- 
tucky, on the 22d day of August, 1862. It left Covington for 
Lexington on August 25, assigned to a brigade commanded 
by Colonel Charles Anderson. It was on the forced march 
to Richmond, Kentucky, but the battle was lost before it 
arrived. It returned to Lexington and began a forced 
march to Louisville, where it arrived on the 25th and was 
assigned to a brigade commanded by Brigadier-General 
Jackson. It was in the battle of Perryville, where it lost 47 
killed and 212 wounded. It remained in Kentucky doing 
guard duty until January, 1863, when it joined the army at 
Murfreesboro, and was assigned to the Second Brigade, 
Reynolds' division. Fourteenth Army Corps. It was en- 
gaged with the brigade at 'Vaughts Hill (Milton) on March 
20, 1863, but was fortunate and suffered no loss. In the 
battle of Chickamauga it had 400 swords and muskets in 
line, and lost 70 in killed, wounded and missing. In the 
battle of Missionary Ridge it lost 1 1 in killed and wounded. 
In the Atlanta campaign and Sherman's march to the sea 
it lost 4 men killed and 30 wounded, total 34. Was mus- 
tered out at Washington, D. C. , June 3, 1865, and returned 
to Cleveland, Ohio, where it disbanded on the 8th. 

Our brigade companions, the Seventy-fifth and One 
Hundred and First Indiana, One Hundred and Fifth Ohio, 
and Nineteenth Indiana Battery, were all fine organizations, 
with excellent officers, and we served together from June 



CAMP DUMONT MURFREESBORO. 



35 



8 to October ii, 1863, when the army was re-organized, 
and our regiment assigned to the First Brigade (General 
Willich), composed of the Twenty-fifth, Thirty-fifth and 
Eighty-ninth Ilhnois, Thirty-second and Sixty-eighth Indi- 
ana, Eighth Kansas, Fifteenth and Forty-ninth Ohio, and 
Fifteenth Wisconsin Regiments, Third Division (General 
T. J. Wood), Fourth Army Corps (General Gordon 
Granger). . Our former brigade companions were assigned 
to the Second Brigade (VanDerveer'sj, Third Division 
(Baird), Fourteenth Corps, composed of the Seventy-fifth, 
Eighty-seventh and One Hundred and First Indiana, Sec- 
ond Minnesota, Ninth, Thirty-fifth and One Hundred and 
Fifth Ohio Regiments. The Nineteenth Indiana Battery 
was assigned to the artillery of the Fourteenth Army Corps. 
After the battle of Stone river, in January, 1863, the 
Confederate army under General Bragg retreated into win- 
ter quarters at Shelbyville and Tullahoma, throwing up for- 
midable earth works and fortifications at the latter place, and 
the Union army pitched its tents at Murfreesboro and began 
preparations for an advance. It was two hundred and twen- 
ty miles from its^base of supplies at Louisville, Kentucky, 
and was weak in cavalry, while the enemy was strong in 
that arm of the service, being reinforced by VanDorn's 
cavalry, about five thousand effective men, which enabled 
him to raid our communications and collect forage and sub- 
sistence from the country. 

On January 9, by General Order No. 9, War Depart- 
ment, the Army of the Cumberland was reorganized, and 
the center, right and left were constituted corps d'armee, 
and designated as Fourteenth, Twentieth and Twenty-first 
Corps, under the same commanders, Major-Generals Thom- 
as, McCook and Crittenden. 

The Fourteenth Corps, commanded by Major-General 
George H. Thomas, was composed of four divisions, com- 
manded by Major-General Lovell H. Rosseau, Major-Gen- 
eral James S. Negley, Brigadier-General John M. Brannan 



36 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



and Major-General 'Joseph J. Reynolds, in the order named. 
The Twentieth Corps, commanded by Major-General Alex- 
ander McD. McCook, was composed of three divisions, 
commanded by Brigadier-General Jefferson C. Davis, Briga- 
dier-General Richard W. Johnson and Major-General 
Philip H. Sheridan, in the order named. The Twenty-first 
Corps, under command of Major-General Thomas L. Crit- 
tenden, was divided into three divisions, commanded by 
Brigadier-General Thomas J. Wood, Major-General John 
M. Palmer and Brigadier-General Horatio P. VanCleve, in 
the order named. 

On the 25th the command of Fort Henry and Fort 
Donelson was transferred from the department under Grant 
to that under Rosecrans, and later Fort Heiman. To Rose- 
crans was then committed the care of the Cumberland river, 
his second line of supplies. The Louisville & Nashville 
Railroad, his first and principal line of communication and 
supplies, had been completely wrecked by the enemy a short 
time before the battle of Stone river. This explains the 
trip of the Sixty-eighth Indiana up the Cumberland river in 
charge of boats with supplies for the army. The destruc- 
tion of this road made it impossible to forward sufficient 
supplies to meet the wants of this army, and for a period 
while it remained at Murfreesboro the rations were very 
short. In the latter part of January Bragg ordered Wheeler 
on an expedition to capture Fort Donelson. Wheeler or- 
dered Forrest to move his brigade, which included four 
pieces of artillery, to the vicinity of Dover, the real position 
occupied by the Union forces, and not the old site of Fort 
Donelson. Wheeler, with Wharton's command of over 
two thousand men, moved on a road to the left. On Feb- 
ruary 3 Wheeler with his entire force attacked Dover, held 
by the Eighty-third Illinois, under Colonel Harding, about 
six hundred and fifty men, and was repulsed with heavy 
loss. A second attack was made, and he was again re- 
pulsed with greater loss than before. Wheeler, learning 



CAMP DUMONT MURFREESBORO. 37 

of the approach of General Davis, with his division and 
two brigades of cavalry under the gallant Minty, of Mich- 
igan, hastily withdrew, with a total loss of 150 killed, 400 
wounded and 163 captured. During the last attack by 
Wheeler Colonel Harding was assisted by the fire from five 
or six gun boats on the Cumberland river, which were act- 
ing as convoys for a fleet of transports with eighteen regi- 
ments of infantry and four batteries of artillery, on their 
way to re-enforce Rosecrans. 

For six months these armies lay confronting each 
other, preparing for what each felt must be a great battle. 
The army of Rosecrans was what may be called the "re- 
serve" of the Union forces. The Army of the Potomac, 
under General Hooker, had been defeated at Chancellors- 
ville and the Army of Northern V'irginia, under General 
Lee, had entered Maryland, threatening an advance upon 
the rear of the capital and the great cities of Baltimore 
and Philadelphia. The army of General Grant was in front 
of Vicksburg, with General Joseph E. Johnston in his rear. 
General Grant was anxious for an advance of the Army of 
the Cumberland to prevent Bragg from sending re-enforce- 
ments to Pemberton or Johnston, then in his front and rear, 
and was urging Rosecrans to move, and requested Haileck 
to order an advance of the Army of the Cumberland. Rose- 
crans held that to threaten Bragg was the better way to 
hold his entire army in his front ; that if he should advance 
and defeat Bragg, he would then certainly send assistance 
to the rebels in front and rear of Grant; that in the event 
of defeat of Grant, he would then be the only army in re- 
serve and should be as close to his base as possible to meet 
the attack of the concentrated rebel army that would then 
be made on his army; that if he could hold Bragg in Ten- 
nessee until after Grant's success was certain, it would be 
better than to move upon him and away from his base. 
This was purely a matter of military judgment, in which 



38 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



Halleck and Rosecrans did not agree. The consensus of 
opinion of the principal generals of the Army of the Cum- 
berland was against a forward movement at that time. On 
June 9, in response to request of General Rosecrans, Gen- 
eral Sheridan said: 

■ I do not think an immediate advance of our army advisable. 

On the same date General D. S. Stanley said: 

In a military point of view I believe a general advance is not 
advisable. The time has passed when the fate of armies must be 
staked because the newspapers have no excitement and do not sell 
well. 

General Gordon Granger said: 

I do not deem an immediate advance of our army judicious, 
for the following reasons: I deem it all important to keep this army 
compact, intact, and well in hand until the important struggle now 
going on at Vicksburg is decided. If Grant is unsuccessful, it- must 
prove the ruin of his army, and ours is all that remains for the de- 
fense of the great southwest; but if Grant is successful, the moral 
and political effect, not only upon the two contending parties, but 
with foreign powers, must prove the turning point of the rebellion. 
One strong military reason why it is not advisable to advance is that 
we have no reserve. With Hooker already defeated. Grant defeated 
or forced to raise the siege of Vicksburg, and ourselves even repulsed, 
I see no hope except the recognition of the independeuce of the Con- 
federacy by foreign powers, and also by ourselves. It is much wiser 
for us to hold on and keep the offensive, although we may not be 
gaining ground as rapidly as might be expected by politicians and 
other novices in the art of war. The contract we have taken is the 
most gigantic and important on record, and you are now holding the 
central and key point, not only of the grand battle field, but of the 
hopes and anxieties of the nation. The safe, sure system is the only 
one that can succeed in the end. 

General George H. Thomas said: 

I therefore think an advance at this time on our part would give 
him [the enemy] decidedly the advantage, and consequently is not ad- 
visable. 



CAMP DUMONT MURFREESBORO, 39 

Under these circumstances General Rosecrans was or- 
dered by General-in-Chief Halleck, at Washington, D. C., 
to advance. The avowed purpose of this order was to 
prevent Bragg from detaching any considerable force to the 
assistance of General Pemberton at Vicksburg, Mississippi, 
or General Lee in Maryland. The Confederate army in 
our front had Duck river valley, a fertile country, to draw 
subsistence from, with a range of hills, with a few long 
defiles or passes far apart, intervening for protection. To 
reach the enemy an army must pass through these defiles 
occupied by the enemy. Preparations were quickly made 
for a forward movement. 

On June 8, 1863, by Special Order No. 156, Depart- 
ment of the Cumberland, the Reserve Corps was organized 
with Major-General Gordon Granger in command. This 
corps was divided into three divisions commanded by Briga- 
dier-Generals Absalom Baird, James D. Morgan and Robert 
S. Granger, in the order named. 

The cavalry was under the command of Major-Gen- 
eral David S. Stanley, and was composed of two divisions, 
commanded by Brigadier-Generals Robert B. Mitchell and 
John B. Turchin; later Brigadier-General John B. Turchin 
was assigned to the command of the Third Brigade. Fourth 
Division (Reynolds'), Fourteenth Army Corps, which he 
commanded in the battle of Chickamauga. 

The Army of the Cumberland had an effective strength 
of abo it 65,000 men present for duty equipped. 

The Confederate army under General Braxton Bragg 
was divided into two corps d'armee, commanded respect- 
ively by Lieutenant-Generals William J. Hardee and Leon- 
idas Polk. Hardee's corps was holding Hoover's and Lib- 
erty Gaps, both strongly fortified, and Polk's was encamped 
at near Shelbyville. The Confederate cavalry of Bragg's 
army was commanded by Generals Nathan B. Forrest and 



40 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



Joseph Wheeler. The army of Bragg had an effective 
strength of about 55,000. 

The Union army was admirably organized and com- 
manded by officers whose names will live as long as the 
war of the Great Rebellion may be recalled by historians as 
an epoch in the morning of the Great Republic. The Con- 
federate army was a strong body of earnest and brave men, 
fighting for what they believed to be right, led by officers 
who were educated by the United States in the military 
school at West Point, and who foreswore their allegiance 
to the nation they had sworn to defend, to follow the 
igmis fatuns of ' ' state rights. " 



CHAPTER IV. 



TULLAHOMA CAMPAIGN. 

On St. John's day in the summer of 1863 the cam- 
paign against the Confederate army of Bragg was com- 
menced. 

The movement was successful in the highest degree. 
On the 23d day of June Mitchell's cavalry made a deter- 
mined attack upon the outposts of the enemy, a few miles 
southwest of Murfreesboro, and drove them to their re- 
serve, and the Third Division, Fourteenth Corps, under 
Brigadier-General Brannan, and the Reserve Corps, under 
Major-General Gordon Granger, were ordered to Salem. 
Palmer's division of the Twenty-lirst Corps and a troop of 
cavalry moved rapidly eastward, seizing a defile in the hills 
leading to Manchester. The remainder of the Union army 
was held under orders to march at a moment's notice with 
twelve days' rations. 

On June 24 the Fourteenth Corps, under Major-Gen- 
eral Thomas, at 4 A. M. moved forward on Manchester pike, 
the Fourth Division, under Reynolds, in front, followed at 
7 A. M. by the First Division, under Rosseau, in support, 
with the Second Division, under Negley, in reserve, moving 
at 10 A. M. Reynolds' division moved in the following 
order: The First Brigade, under Colonel John T. Wilder, 
of the Seventeenth Indiana, on the right. .The Second 
Brigade, under Colonel Milton S. Robinson, of the Seventy- 
fifth Indiana, on the left. The Third Brigade, under Briga- 
dier-General Crook, was in reserve. Wilder's brigade en- 



42 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. . , 

countered the enemy's pickets about two miles in front of 
our picket line as encamped at Murfreesboro, and drove 
t!iem rapidly through Hoover's Gap, a narrow defile nearly 
three mileslong, to the reserve, eighteen miles south of' Mur- 
freesboro. The Second Brigade was next to Wilder, about 
two miles in the rear. At Liberty Gap General McCook 
had engaged the enemy, atid we could hear the sound of 
his heavy guns. He drove the enemy. Union loss, 231 
killed and wounded; Confederate loss, 850 killed and 
wounded. General Reynolds halted the two remaining 
brigades at the crossing of the road leading to Liberty Gap, 
where he was quickly joined by General Thomas. The 
sound of heavy firing on our front increased. The Con- 
federate division of General A. P. Stewart, with four bri- 
gades of Brigadier-Generals B. R. Johnson, J. C. Brown, 
W. B. Bate and H. D. Clayton, was on our front and drove 
Wilder back into the Gap. The bugles sounded and the 
massed columns of the Second Brigade were in motion. 
The Nineteenth Indiana Battery, under Captain Samuel J. 
Harris, was stationed on a slight elevation to the left of 
the mouth of the Gap, the Sixty-eighth Indiana in support. 
The Seventy-fifth and One Hundred and First Indiana and 
the One Hundred and Fifth Ohio were rapidly moved to 
the right of our line to re-enforce Wilder's brigade, which 
was using Spencer repeating rifles with deadly effect on the 
enemy, who was pressing him with superior numbers. The 
enemy were repulsed by the Seventeenth Indiana and 
Ninety-eighth Illinois, with their Spencer rifles, just as the 
re-enforcement arrived on the ground. The Sixty-eighth, 
in support of Harris' battery on our left, lost one killed and 
three wounded. The battery having silenced that of the 
enemy, a portion of our regiment was deployed as skirmish- 
ers along Garrison creek. The enemy having retired, we 
were withdrawn at 9 o'clock P. M. and the fighting closed 
for the day. It had rained steadily since 9 A. M. ; the roads 
were very muddy and the clothing of the men was dripping 




CAPTAIN RICHARD L. LEESON. 



TULLAHOMA CAMPAIGN. 43 

wet and splashed with mud ; there was water and mud 
everywhere, and it was with great difficuhy we made coffee. 
It rained all night. 

Colonel Edward A. King, of our regiment, the senior 
officer in our brigade, was absent on sick leave. Colonel 
Albert S. Hall, of the One Hundred and Fifth Ohio, next 
in rank, and who commanded the brigade before the Sixty- 
eighth was assigned to it, was in a hospital at Murfreesboro, 
suffering from serious illness which ended in his death on 
July lo. 

On the morning of the 25th the Sixty-eighth Indiana 
was placed in support of Battery H, 5th U. S. Artillery, 
which was engaged with the enemy, and at 9 o'clock 
A. M. three companies of the regiment, under command of 
Captain Richard L. Leeson, were ordered to the extreme 
right, to a position on the ridge of woods facing a ravine, 
with an open field to the rear, in which lay a number of 
Confederate dead, killed the day before. The enemy was in 
force in the ravine in our front, but was held in check by 
Harris' guns, which from a high knob, across a ravine to 
our right, poured a destructive fire into their ranks, and a 
brisk fire from Leeson's detachment from our regiment 
forced their skirmish line back to the reserve. This posi- 
tion was maintained for two hours, when we were relieved 
by troops that came up the ravine on our right under cover 
of Harris' guns. The relieving column on its way to us lost 
a number, killed and wounded. Our troops retired under 
direct fire of Confederate artillery. Captain Leeson re- 
ceived praise from General Reynolds for the success of this 
movement. 

The skirmish at Hoover's Gap was a victory for Rey- 
nolds' division, the only troops engaged on our side. The 
Confederate loss was i8i killed and wounded and 40 pris- 
oners, including three commissioned officers. The loss of 
our brigade was as follows: Sixty-eighth Indiana, one 
killed and six wounded; Seventy-fifth Indiana, two wound- 



44 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 

ed; One Hundred and First Indiana, six wounded; One 
Hundred and Fifth Ohio, one wounded, and Nineteenth 
Indiana Battery, one wounded. 

It rained incessantly the night of the 25th. On the 
morning of the 26th the Fourteenth Corps moved forward, 
skirmishing with the enemy, who suddenly retired. Rey- 
nolds' division advanced toward Manchester, capturing sev- 
eral prisoners, and on the morning of the 27th by a rapid 
movement entered the town, Wilder's brigade in advance. 
It was a surprise to the enemy, from whom we captured 
twenty prisoners, including three commissioned officers on 
guard at the railroad depot. 

On the right our troops had a spirited fight with the 
rebel general Wheeler, who was encountered at Guy's Gap, 
with Martin's and a portion of Wharton's divisions. Gen- 
eral Stanley ordered a charge by Minty's brigade, followed 
by Mitchell's division, routing and driving the enemy out of 
the gap into earthworks north of Shelbyville, where they 
made a stand. The gallant Minty with his brigade charged 
them in their works and drove them to Shelbyville. Mitchell 
came up on the left of Minty and cut off the direct line of 
retreat, and our united forces succeeded in driving them in 
wild disorder. Wheeler lost all of his artillery and over 
four hundred prisoners. General Wheeler only escaped by 
swimming Duck river, in which a number of his men were 
drowned while attempting to cross. 

General Rosecrans now concentrated his army at Man- 
chester, prepared to meet the enemy in battle at Tullahoma, 
twelve miles distant, and on the 30th a forward movement 
was begun. 

On July I General Thomas ordered General Steedman's 
brigade (Second), Brannan's division (Third), supported 
by the Sixty-eighth and Seventy-fifth Indiana Regiments, 
under command of Colonel Robinson, to reconnoitre the sit- 
uation at Tullahoma. These forces advanced cautiously on 
Tullahoma by different routes, and learning that the enemy 



TULLAHOMA CAMPAIGN. 45 

had evacuated the place, the Sixty-eighth and Seventv-fifth 
Indiana Regiments entered the town at 11 A. M., followed 
by the brigade of General Steedman at 12 M. Reynolds' 
division entered Tullahoma about 5 P. M. A sharp pur- 
suit of the enemy was made by the divisions of Rosseau and 
Negley, which overtook their rear guard before night, with 
whom they had a heavy skirmish until nightfall, losing a 
number of men, killed and wounded. The enemy were 
across Elk river, which was swollen by recent heavy rains. 
The bridge in front of Thomas' corps was burned by the 
enemy, but a pursuit was kept up for three days. The 
enemy had abandoned middle Tennessee and the strong 
fortifications at Tullahoma, ^and were flying before us and 
did not stop until they had effected a crossing of the Ten- 
nessee river. Bragg's army entered Chattanooga early in 
July and was in the same position he occupied one year be- 
fore, when he began his campaign for military governor of 
Ohio and the occupation of Cincinnati and Louisville. The 
Tullahoma campaign, from a strategetical standpoint, was 
one of the most brilliant of the war. The opposing armies 
were more nearly equal than that on to Atlanta. Cam- 
paigns like Tullahoma and Atlanta always mean a battle at 
some other place; that of Tullahoma ended at Chickamauga; 
that of Atlanta at Nashville, where Thomas crushed the 
army of Hood that had for four months confronted Sher- 
man's army, and separating at Atlanta, Sherman making 
his pictorial march through Georgia with no rebel army on 
his front. Hood going north to re-occupy middle Tennes- 
see. We had followed the enemy for seventy miles, for 
eight days through rain and mud without dry clothing, slept 
in the rain, cooked and ate in the rain, and skirmished 
heavily for two days at Hoover's Gap. 

Extract from report^ of Major-General George H- 
Thomas : 

* * * Marched from Murfreesboro June '.^4 on the Manches- 
ter pike, Revnolds' division in advance, started at 4 A. M., with orders 

1 — Vol. -yA. J. art 1, War IJecords, series 1, piitres 4;!U-i:«. 



46 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



if possible to seize and hold Hoover's Gap. * * * Without par- 
ticularizing or referring to individual merit in any one division of 
my command, I can render willing testimony to the manly endurance 
and soldierly conduct of both officers and men composing my corps, 
marching day and night, through a most relentless rain, and over 
almost impassable roads, bivouacked by the roadside, ever ready and 
willing to "fall in" and pursue the enemy whenever ordered, with a 
cheerfulness and determination truly admirable, and no less com 
mendable when confronting the enemy, fearless and undaunted, their 
columns never wavered, giving the highest proof of their veteran 
qualities, and showing what dependence can be placed upon them in 
time of peril. * * * 

Extract from report of Major-General Joseph J. Rey- 
nolds : ^ 

-X- * * An attempt to turn our right ffank by live regiments 
of the enemy was made, and the Seventy-second Indiana and the 
Ninety-eighth Illinois were ordered to the support of the Seventeenth 
in the woods. Harris' battery (Nineteenth Indiana) was ordered to 
the front, and the Sixty-eighth Indiana to support it. The Sev- 
enty-fifth and One Hundred and First Indiana and One Hundred and 
Fifth Ohio were ordered to the extreme right, which was now hard 
pressed by superior numbers. Just as this re-enforcement arrived 
on the ground the Seven-teenth Indiana and Ninety-eighth Illinois 
succeeded, with their Spencer rifles, in forcing the enemy back from 
the woods on our right, preventing that flank from being turned. 

* * * Harris' battery, at the foot of a high hill and in reserve, 
and the Seventeenth and Sixty-eighth Indiana and Ninety-eighth 
Illinois, in reserve on the road sheltered, but close at hand. * * * 
July 1st sent reconnoitering party of Sixty-ejghth and Seventy-fifth 
Indiana under Colonel Robinson, toward Tullahoma, in support of 
a force from Third Division (Brannan's), Fourteenth Army Corps, 
which moved on another road from Concord Church. Colonel Rob- 
inson's command marched into Tullahoma at 11 A. M., and found no 
troops of enemy or our own in possession. * * * 

The objective of our summer campaign, Tullahoma, 
had fallen into our hands without a general engagement. 
The Army of Northern Virginia, with Lee at its head, was 
in Pennsylvania. Vicksburg was still in the possession of 
the enemy. 

1 — Vol. 23, part 1, War Records, page 455. 



TULLAHOMA CAMPAIGN. 47 

With only a few hours rest the Army of the Cumber- 
land was again on the move. We celebrated the Fourth 
of July by wading Elk river, and encamping at Bracken- 
field's Point, and on the 6th changed location to Camp 
Winford, near widow Winford's house, on the road leading- 

o 

to Decherd. It was here we were informed by general or- 
ders of the overthrow of Lee's army at Gettysburg, with a 
loss of 3,498 killed, and 18,770 wounded and taken pris- 
oners, a total loss of 22,268;^ and the surrender of Vicks- 
burg to General Grant on July 4th, with an army of 27,000 
men, 128 pieces of artillery, and 80 siege guns. The bands 
played. Exultant thousands cheered. 

Blackberries were plentiful here and the soldiers used 
them freely both as food and medicine. The exposure to 
incessant rains, and intense heat of summer, chilly nights, 
and sleeping on the wet ground, caused much sickness. In 
July the Sixty-eighth lost a number of men, who found 
rest "in the low green tent, whose curtain never outward 
swings." Several were discharged and some were trans- 
ferred to the Invalid Corps. The month was passed near 
Decherd, and at the end of the month our brigade en- 
camped at University heights, a high hill commanding a 
magnificent view of charming mountain scenery. The health 
giving breezes of this far-famed University Place acted as 
a tonic to our jaded soldiers, restoring them to comparative 
health, and nerving them for more serious work in the near 
future. It was here that Brigadier-General Crook was re- 
lieved from further duty with the Third Brigade of Rey- 
nolds' division, and assigned to the command of a cavalry 
brigade, and Brigadier-General Turchin, a professional sol- 
dier from Russia, assigned to the command of the Third 
Brigade. On August i Colonel Edward A. King rejoined 
his regiment, and on August 2 was assigned to the com- 
mand of the Second Brigade, vice Colonel Robinson. Rio-- 

1— The actual loss was 2,834 killed, 13,709 wounded, (;,(;43 missing; a total loss of 23,180 
in the three days' battles. 



48 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 

orous drill and inspections closely followed his accession to 
command and the brigade was put in fine condition for active 
duties. 

General-in-Chief Halleck had grown impatient and was 
urging General Rosecrans to move his army; to cross the 
Cumberland mountains and the Tennessee river and take 
possession of Chattanooga. 

The Nashville & Chattanooga Railroad to the Tennes- 
see river was badly out of repair, destroyed in places, and 
the bridges all burned. The main line, through the energy 
of Colonel William P. Inness and his regiment, the First 
Michigan Engineers and Mechanics, was open to Bridge- 
port by July 25, and the branch from Cowan to Tracy City 
by August 13. Every effort was made to accumulate sup- 
plies, but comparatively only a small quantity had been col- 
lected when the advance began on August 16. 

The Cumberland mountain range in our front, rising 
about two thousand feet above the river, was rugged, pre- 
cipitous, unfertile, destitute of forage, poorly watered, with 
only narrow roads and trails, excepting the railroad from 
Cowan to Tracy City on the crest. It was nearly seventy 
miles to the Tennessee river, a deep and majestic stream, 
nearly one thousand yards wide, every crossing strongly 
guarded by the enemy. The growing crops of Tennessee 
had not matured; those of the preceding year were con- 
sumed by the soldiers of the Confederacy. Subsistence and 
ammunition for a large army had to be transported across 
the mountains. To reach Chattanooga it was necessary to 
go north of Sequatchie valley, by Dunlap or by Therman, 
over Walden's ridge, crossing the river above the town, or 
cross the river south of Bridgeport, and cross Sand Moun- 
tain into Lookout valley, thence across Lookout mountain 
into Chattanooga valley, at the head of which is Chatta- 
nooga. The first route was long and difficult, passing 
through a barren country, and was deemed impracticable. 



TULLAHOMA CAMPAIGN. 49 

It was under these conditions Rosecrans began the 
campaign against Chattanooga, by reason of the following 
dispatch of the 5th inst. from General-in-Chief Halleck at 
Washington: 

The orders for the advance of your army and that its progress be 
reported daily, are peremptory. 

The avowed purpose of this curt order was to prevent 
Bragg from detaching any considerable force to the assist- 
ance of General Johnston, near Jackson, Mississippi, or 
General Lee, who had recently suffered defeat at Gettys- 
burg. Our armies had been successful at Vicksburg and 
Gettysburg. General Grant had an army of 75,000 men 
lying idle in Mississippi. General Burnside had an 
army of near 20,000 men to operate with as an inde- 
pendent command near Knoxville. The Army of the 
Cumberland should have been made stronger, as it 
might easily have been, by re-enforcements from Grant's 
army and its success assured. General Burnside should 
have co-operated with Rosecrans to make sure of Chat- 
tanooga, the loss of which made his position in east 
Tennessee untenable. The failure of the Army of 
the Cumberland to crush the rebel army at Chick- 
amauga proves this beyond a doubt, for as soon as Bragg 
had invested Rosecrans in Chattanooga he detached Long- 
street from his command to drive Burnside out of east Ten- 
nessee, and only failed by reason of Bragg being defeated at 
Missionary Ridge and driven beyond the Chickamauga, and 
the forced march of troops of Generals Sherman and Gran- 
ger to the relief of Burnside. At least 25,000 men could 
have been sent to Rosecrans from the army of General 
Grant lying idle in Mississippi, which would have assured 
the defeat of Bragg. That this could have been done is 



50 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 

shown by the fact that General Sherman, with over 20,000 
men were sent from that army to the Army of the Cumber- 
land on orders issued just before the battle of Chickamauga 
Would it not have been better to have strengthened Rose- 
crans before than after the great battle? The failure to do 
this was a colossal blunder. 




LIEUTENANT JOHN R. KENNEDY. 



CHAPTER V. 



CHATTANOOGA CAMPAIGN. 



Rosecrans began the campaign against Chattanooga 
on the i6th day of August, with the same army he had in 
the middle Tennessee campaign. Grant had taken Vicks- 
burg, and Lee had been defeated at Gettysburg and forced 
back south of the Potomac, leaving both of the"- Confed- 
erate armies in a position to re-enforce Bragg at will. Crit- 
tenden's corps, accompanied by Minty's cavalry, and the 
First Brigade (Wilder's) of Reynolds' division, moved 
early in the morning of August i6 into the Sequatchie val- 
ley. This movement to the north of Chattanooga served 
as a cloak for the movements of the other corps to the 
south, by causing Bragg to suppose that the intention of 
Rosecrans was to force a passage of the river north of the 
city. Minty's cavalry and Wilder's brigade (mounted in- 
fantry) were much in evidence on the north side of the 
river. On the 21st inst. Wilder's brigade battery, the 
Eighteenth Indiana, shelled the city of Chattanooga. This 
event is referred to by the Confederate general, D. H. Hill, 
who was in the city at the time, in an article in the Century 
Magazine, April, 1887, wherein he says: 

On Fast day, August 21, while religious services were being held 
in town, the enemy appeared on the opposite side of the river, 
and began throwing shells into the houses. Rev. B. M. Palmer, D. D., 
of New Orleans, was in the act of prayer, when a shell came hissing 
near the church. He went on calmly with his petition to the Great 
Being "who rules in the armies of Heaven and among the inhabi- 



52 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



tants of earth; " but at its close, the preacher opening his eyes, noticed 
a perceptible diminution of his congregation. Some women and chil- 
dren were killed by this act. 

The Sixty-eighth Indiana, with its brigade, broke camp 
at University Heights on the 17th of August, and took up 
its line of march to cross the range of mountains interven- 
ing between our army and the Tennessee river. The march 
that day was slowly made along narrow roads on the spur 
of the mountains. It was one of the warmest days of the 
year. It was impossible to obtain any water, and the ex- 
cessive heat while marching in the glare of a blazing sun, 
coupled with thirst, caused much suffering among men and 
animals. For ten miles we marched beneath a brazen sky, 
in a cloud of dust, with parched lips and burning feet, every 
step increasing the universal thirst. Toward evening we 
entered a narrow defile leading into Sweeden's cove, where 
we encountered a cool and refreshmg breeze. We went 
into camp at the head of the cove. Early in the morning, 
of the 1 8th we marched past the Third Brigade of our di- 
vision, which had been in the lead the day before, and fol- 
lowing rough and broken roads reached Battle creek in the 
middle of the afternoon, where we encamped five miles from 
Jasper, and remained there until the 21st, when we moved 
into Jasper, where we remained until the 30th. While at 
Jasper our brigade commander. Colonel King, made two 
reconnoissances, August 28 and 30, on the south side of 
the Tennessee river, which were fruitful in results, and de- 
veloped the enemy in our immediate front. The reports of 
these expeditions of Colonel King^ are submitted. 

Reports of Col. Edward King, Sixty-eighth Indiana Infantry, 
Commanding Second Brigade. 

Headquarters Second Brig., Fourth Div., Fourteenth Army Corps, 
In Camp, Jasper, Tenn., Aug. 29, 1863. 
Sir: — In compliance with orders from Major-General Reynolds, 
to feel for the enemy in the direction of Chattanooga, I crossed the 

1 — Vol. 30, part 1, War Records, pages 4(18-9. 



CHATTANOOGA CAMPAIGN. 53 



Tennessee river at Shellmound last evening at 10 o'clock with two 
hundred men of the One Hundred and First Indiana Infantry, under 
Lietenant-Colonel Doan, and a squad of nine mounted men under 
Captain Harris, of the Nineteenth Indiana Battery. I also crossed 
four companies of the Seventy-fifth Indiana Infantry, two of which 
I left at Shellmound under Lieutenant-Colonel O'Brien, taking two 
companies with me to post, if necessary, at the Narrows below Run- 
ning Water, to hold that passage and secure my retreat should I 
encounter a very superior force of the enemy. At the upper end of 
the 'Narrows I came upon the enemy's pickets, received their fire 
without replying, and drove them in without firing, to avoid increas- 
ing the alarm in their camp. I sent a squad of mounted men up the 
Running Water \'alley to a cross-road, and pushed with the infantry 
at double-quick forward and into the enemy's camp, a half a mile dis- 
tant. We captured six prisoners, eleven horses, seven saddles, twelve 
muskets, a bugle and a surgeon's kit. I found that the camp had been 
occupied by Captain Edmondson's company, of the Third Confeder- 
ate Cavalry. The troopers ran through the bushes and trees in the 
rear of their camp, and, of course, in the darkness were soon out of 
reach of the infantry. One of the prisoners taken is James M. Car- 
roll, member-elect of the Tennessee Rebel Legislature of Marion 
county, and conscripting officer for the same county. Some of his con" 
scription lists were also captured. He succeeded in getting out of 
camp, but ran into the hands of the mounted squad. 

I returned by the Narrows to and crossed the river to the north 
side of Shellmound at 6 o'clock this morning, having before crossing 
added two fine mules and one horse to the captured stock. 

The road from Shellmond to Running Water is in places quite 
bad, but could be put in fair condition in a short time. 
Very respectfully your obedient servant, 

Edward A. King, 
Colonel Commanding Second Brigade. 
Maj. John Levering, Assistant Adjutant-General. 



Headquarters Second Bng., Fourth Div., Fourteenth Army Corps. 

Shellmound, Tenn., Aug. 31, 1863. 
Sir: — I have the honor to report that, in pursuance of orders, I 
crossed the Tennessee river last night with my brigade, and with 
three hundred and seventy-five men of the Second Tennessee Cavalry, 
under Colonel Ray, who reported to me as directed by Major-Gen- 
eral Reynolds. I sent Colonel Ray in advance, with instructions to 
proceed toward Chattanooga, and if he could, without exposing his 
men too much, to go within view of the enemy at Lookout Mountain, 
falling back upon my brigade if hard pressed, at the junction of the 



54 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 

Trenton and Chattanooga road, where I supposed I could be in time. 
Colonel Ray carried out his instructions very handsomely, driving in 
the enemy's pickets at daylight, and approaching within view of a 
five-gun battery at Lookout Mountain. He captured a rebel acting 
commissary of subsistence, whose saddle-bags I examined and found 
$2,736.50, which, presuming to be public funds, I took possession of, 
and will turn over to order. 

I left Trenton road at 9 A. M. to-day, reaching Shellmound at 2 
P. M. The Chattanooga road is, in many places, quite bad. I forward 
herewith Colonel Ray's report. 

Respectfully yours, obediently, 

Edward A. King, 
Colonel Commanding Second Brigade. 
Maj. John Levering, Assistant Adjutant-General, Fourth Div. 

Reynolds' division crossed the Tennessee river at Shell- 
mound on the 30th, our brigade in advance, Colonel King 
and a part of the Sixty-eighth Indiana in the lead, followed 
by the Third Brigade on September 2. The crossing of the 
river was made at four places simultaneously: Sheridan at 
Bridgeport, Reynolds at Shellmound, McCook at Caper- 
tons, and Brannan and Crittenden at the ferries next above 
Shellmound. Crittenden started direct to Chattanooga by 
the railroad, stopping at Wauhatchie, and feeling the enemy 
at the point of Lookout Mountain. The Wauhatchie valley 
had good roads leading to Chattanooga. On the 3d the 
Fourth Division left Shellmound and marched about six 
miles on the Trenton road, the Third Brigade in the lead, 
which went to Trenton, where it encamped. The Second 
Brigade left the Trenton road, going to the Empire Iron 
Works, about four miles south of Trenton, where we re- 
lieved from duty some troops of the Second Division (Neg- 
ley's); but we remained here only twenty-four hours, and 
moved to Trenton and rejoined the Third Brigade. 

On the 8th the corps of our army were in the position 
assigned to each for that date, covering a distance of over 
forty miles southwest along the west base of Lookout Moun- 
tain. Thomas was twenty, McCook forty miles from Chat- 
tanooga. On the 9th Bragg evacuated the city, which was 




LIEUTENANT lOHN BURKHART; 



CHATTANOOGA CAMPAIGN. 55 



followed by the Ninety-second Illinois^ (mounted infan- 
try,) of Wilder's brigade, Reynolds' division, taking pos- 
session as shown by the following dispatches : 

Headquarters Fourth Division, Fourteenth Corps. 

CuRETON's Mii,L, Sept. 9, 1863-6:80 P. M. 
Colonel Flynt, Amstant Adjutant- General : 

We are in receipt of two dispatches from Colonel Atkins, com- 
manding Ninety-second Illinois (by special couriers from his regi- 
ment), within a few minutes of each other. Find copy of the first 
received enclosed; the other reads as follows (written first): 

Headquarters Ninety-second Illinois Vols. 

Chattanooga, Sept. 9, 1863—11 A. M. 
Major Levering, Assistant Adjutant- General : 

Major : — We had a little skirmishing on the mountain, but now 
hold Chattanooga. My stand of colors was the first to float over the 
town. A complete evacuation. Columns of dust showed them going 
south. Two companies of my regiment are pressing after them, and 
I will likely take my command up the river to gobble a little sqad said 
to be there. Very respectfully, 

Smith D. Atkins, 
Colonel Ninety-second Illinois. 

Have sent copy to department headquarters. 

Respectfully, 

J. J. Reynolds, 
Major-General Commanding Division. 

(Endorsements.) 
Bully for Reynolds' division. Levering. 

Headquarters Ninety-second Illinois Volunteers. 
Chattanooga, Sept. 9, 1863—11 A. M. 
Major \Levering, Assistant Adjutant- General : 

The enemy left with infantry and artillery night before last; 
some passed yesterday for Lafayette. Bragg's entire force is variously 
estimated at 60,000 to 90,000. Johnston was here. The enemy all 
said they would give. battle at Rome. Some deserters have been taken 
by ime, and say many are in the mountains that will come in. About 
six hundred cavalry left this morning, but my parties could not over- 
take them, as they had fresh horses and ours were jaded; I was 
detained by General Wood a little, or I think I could have made a 
dash on them. Generals Crittenden, Palmer. Wood and others are 

1— Vol. oO, part 3, War Records, page 187. 



56 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



here. Will go into camp (unless ordered by some one on duty) and 
await your orders. 

Can my transportation be ordered up at once? There are men 
enough in camp to bring it. 

Most respectfully, your obedient servant, 

Smith D. Atkins, 
Colonel Ninety-second Illinois Volunteers. 

And the following jubilant message was sent to the 
General-in-Chief^ at Washington, D. C. : 

Camp near Trenton, Ga., Sept. 9, 1863—8:30 A. M. 
Maj-Gen. H. W. Halleck, General-in-Chief : 

Chattanooga is ours without a struggle, and east Tennessee is 
free. Our move on the enemy's flank and rear progresses, while the 
tail of his retreating column will not escape unmolested. Our troops 
from this side entered Chattanooga about noon. Those north of the 
river are crossing. Messengers go to Burnside to-night, urging him to 
push his cavalry down. No news from him or his cavalry. 

W. S. ROSECRANS, 

Major-General. 

On the 1 2th Chattanooga was made a post and a base 
of supplies, by the following order:" 

Headquarters Department of the Cumberland. 

Chattanooga, Sept. 12, 1863. 
Special Field Order No. 246. 

-;;■ * -:;■ Brigadier-General G. D. Wagner is assigned to the command 
of the post at Chattanooga. He is charged with the defense of the post, 
and the protection of the government stores. He will superintend the 
construction of the bridge across the Tennessee river at this place, 
and provide for the prompt forwarding of such supplies as may be 
requisite by the army in front. * * * 

By command of Major-General Rcsecrans, 

H. M. Cist, 
Lieut, and Asst. Adjt.-Genl. 

On the loth the following dispatch^ was sent to Major- 
General Burnside, who had been ordered by the General- 
in-Chief, H. W. Halleck, to re-enforce Rosecrans : 

1— Vol. 30, part 3, War Records, i)age 479. 2— Vol. 30, part 3, War Records, page 582. 
3— Vol. 30, part 3, War Records, page 323. 




Capt. J H. Mauzy. Capt. James W. Innis, 



CHATTANOOGA CAMPAIGN. 57 

Headquarters Twenty-first A my. Corps, 

Chattanooga, Sept. 10, 1868—2 A. M. 
Major- General Ambrose E. Burnside, Commnnding Depdrtmeiit of 

the Ohio, Tennessee River: 

Sir: — I am commanded by the general comman(iing the Depart- 
ment of the Cumberland to inform you that I am in full possession 
of this place, having entered it yesterday at 12 M., without resistance. 
The enemy has retreated in the direction of Rome, (ieorgia, the last 
of his force (cavalry) having left a few hours before my arrival. 
At daylight I make a rapid pursuit with my corps, and hope that he 
will be intercepted by the center and right, the latter of which was 
at Rome. The general commanding the department requests that you 
move down your cavalry and occupy the country recently covered by 
Colonel Minty, who will report particulars to you, and who has been 

ordered to cross the river. 

T. L. Crittenden, 

Major-General Commanding. 

This letter made Burnside believe Rosecrans success- 
ful, needing no assistance. The general who had flanked 
the enemy out of Tullahoma. flanked him out of Chatta- 
nooga, and was infatuated with the idea of destroying him, 
assuming that he was in full retreat on Rome or Atlanta, on 
September 9, wrote to General Granger, saying: " Chatta- 
nooga is ours. Our movement on the enemy's flank and 
rear goes on." And the following order^ was issued: 

Headquarters Department of the Cumberland. 

Trenton, Ga., Sept. 9, 1863. 
Major- General' Crittenden, Commanding Twenty-first Artny Corjys: 

In addition to the instructions sent you at 3:80 this morning, 
the general commanding directs that you leave a light brigade to 
hold Chattanooga and with the balance of your command pursue the 
enemy with your utmost vigor. Attack his rear whenever you can 
do so with a fair opportunity to inflict injury upon him. Order your 
train to follow your line of march under a sufficient escort. * * * 
Very respectfully, your obedient servant, 

J. A. Garfield, 
Brigadier-General and Chief of Staff. 

On the same day General Thomas was ordered: 

I— Vol. 30. part .3, War Records, page 4;):!. 



SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



The general commanding directs you to move your command 
as rapidly as possible to Lafayette, and make every exertion to strike 
the enemy in flank, and, if possible, to cut off his escape. 

One of the most important stragetic points held by the 
armies of the Confederacy — Chattanooga, the objective of 
the campaign — had fallen and was ours, a bloodless victory. 
We had only to head Thomas' column to the north and with- 
draw McCook the way he had come, and complete the cam- 
paign by taking a line of defense, fortifications erected by 
the enemy making it a Gibraltar, iaipregnable to attacks 
by the enemy. Thomas protested against an advance at 
that time, saying the army was not prepared for offensive 
movements toward Lafayette or Rome ; that the country 
was rough and broken; that the enemy was behind a moun- 
tain range, with a'railroad in the rear, to transport forces 
and supplies in much less time than could our army; that 
Chattanooga, our base of supplies, should be made secure 
and our flanks protected. His advice was not heeded. The 
arm}' was ordered to push on and attack the enemy in rear 
and flank. 

On the 8th, Negley's division, Fourteenth Corps, 
moved across Lookout mountain and took position in Mc- 
Lemore's cove, near Rogers farm, and on the 9th Baird's 
division moved across the mountain to support Negley. 
On the iith Reynolds' division crossed the mountain by 
the Stevens Gap road. The Sixty-eighth Indiana reached 
the crest at midnight, under inspiring strains of music by a 
brass band, which cheered man and beast in the toilsome 
ascent, lessening the fatigue of lifting at wheels and pulling 
at ropes, assisting wagons and artillery up the rocky trail 
on the mountain side, in the darkness, with no light save 
an occasional gleam from camp fires of Brannan's division 
at the west base of the mountain. The work was exhaust- 
ing. Two days were required for Reynolds' division to 
cross the mountain, a feat not surpassed by Napoleon cross- 
ing the Alps. Covered with dust and suffering from 



CHATTANOOGA CAMPAIGN. 59 



thirst, the Second Brigade (E. A. King's) moved to Pond 
Spring on the 13th, where it encamped until the 17th, when 
it reheved the Third Brigade (Turchin's) at Catletts Gap, 
picketing that night and skirmishing with the enemy on 
the 1 8th until about 3 P. M., when it returned to Pond 
Spring. 

Crittenden was at Lee and Gordon's Mills; Palmer's di- 
vision at Crawfish Springs; Thomas was at Pond Spring; 
McCook was closing on Thomas in McLemore's cove after 
a severe march from Alpine; Granger was at Rossville. 
General Lee had sent Longstreet's corps from the Army of 
Northern Virginia to the assistance of Bragg; Johnston was 
rushing troops from the southwest, including the men pa- 
roled at Vicksburg and not exchanged, to his aid. Bragg 
had concentrated his forces during the four days required 
by McCook to reach Thomas, and in the afternoon of the 
17th was in position east of Chickamauga creek. 

The following order of battle, movements to begin at 
6 A. M. on the i8th, show that Bragg saw his opportunity 
to strike the Union army a serious, if not fatal, blow. 

Headquarters Army of the Tennessee, 
In the Field, Leet's Tan Yard, Sept. 18, 1863. 

1. Johnston's column (Hood's), on crossing at or near Reed's 
bridge, will turn to the left by the most practical route and sweep up 
the Chickamauga, toward Lee and Gordon's Mills. 

2. Walker, crossing at Alexander's bridge, will unite in this move 
and push vigorously on the enemy's flank and rear in the same 
direction. 

3. Buckner, crossing at Thedford's Ford will join in the move- 
ment to the left, and press the enemy up the stream from Polk's 
front at Lee and Gordon's Mills. 

4. Polk, will press his forces to the front of Lee and Gordon's 
Mills, and if met by too much resistance to cross will bear to the 
right and cross at Dalton's Ford or at Thedford's, as may be neces- 
sary, and join in the attack wherever the enemy may be. 

5. Hill will cover our left flank from an advance of the enemy 
from the cove, and by pressing the cavalry in his front ascertain if 
the enemy is re-enforced at Lee and Gordon's Mills, in which event 
he will attack them in flank. 



6o SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 

6. Wheeler's cavalry will hold the gaps in Pigeon Mountain, 
and cover our rear and left and bring up stragglers. 

7. All teams, etc., not with troops should go toward Ringgold 
and Dalton beyond Taylor's ridge. All cooking should be done at 
the trains. Rations when cooked will be forwarded to the troops. 

8. The above movements will be executed with the utmost 
promptness, .vigor and persistance. 

By command of General Bragg. 

George M. Brent, 
Assistant Adjutant-General. 

This order faultless in detail, contemplated an attack 
on the Union left, in the vicinity of Lee and Gordon's Mills, 
and Viniard's, driving Crittenden back on Thomas in Mc- 
Lemore's cove, and taking possession of the LaFayette road 
leading direct to Chattanooga, through Rossville Gap, and 
thus recover Chattanooga, and force the Union army into 
the mountains, and possibly destroy it. This plan was frus- 
trated by Minty and Wilder, whose stubborn resistance to 
the crossing of the Chickamauga by the enemy held them in 
check and a crossing was not effected until late in the after- 
noon. At 7 A. M. on the 19th, Bragg had completed his 
first formation for battle west of Chickamauga creek, and 
on the east side of the LaFayette road, facing Crittenden 
with twenty brigades, formed in irregular lines, with Buck- 
ner's corps on the left; Preston's three brigades in position, 
with Stewart's three brigades next northward on Preston's 
right, with Cheatham's five brigades as reserve. Bushrod 
Johnson's three brigades were next on right of Stewart, 
with Hood's (Law's) division of Longstreet's corps on the 
extreme right, with Govan, Walthall's and Ector's brigades 
of Walker's reserve corps behind the right wing, with Wil- 
son's brigade still further in rear near the Alexander House, 
ready to attack the Union army. 

Will Bragg accomplish his purpose to seize the Chatta- 
nooga road, crush or drive Crittenden at Lee and Gordon's 
Mills with the columns of Johnson and Walker, and defeat 
Thomas at Pond Spring.? A fierce storm of war was ready 
to break on more than 125,000 men. 




MAJOR-GENERAL GEORGE H. THOMAS, 
U S. A. 



CHAPTER VI. 



BATTLE OF CHICKAMAUGA "THE FIGHTING SIXTY-EIGHTH." 

"They won the name in the ancient game where the toss is death 

and life ; 
They won the name mid the searing flame and the hell of an awlul 

strife ; 
They bore the flag as true men should — can better thing be said; 
Then a cheer and a wreath, and a tear and a wreath, we give to 

the quick and the dead." 

At about 4 o'clock in the evening of the i8th, the 
Sixty-eighth, at Pond Spring, received orders to be ready 
to march with three days' rations. The First and Third 
Divisions (Baird^ and Brannan), Fourteenth Corps, were 
marching northward. The setting sun had thrown the 
shadow of Lookout across our camp as the Second and 
Third Brigades (E. A. King and Turchin) of Reynolds' 
division, fell in behind Brannan. Palmer, of the Twenty- 
first Corps, followed us. with the Second Division, Four- 
teenth Corps, in rear, while McCook closed up on Thomas. 
Thomas pushed forward, marching all night, and at day- 
light Baird's division, the head of his column, had reached 
Kelly's, on the LaFayette road. 

Kelly's house is eight and one-half miles south of 
Chattanooga, in a "clearing" about three-fourths of a mile 
in length along the LaFayette road, on east side, and 'nearly 
one-fourth of a mile wide, with a small field of between 
fifteen and twenty acres on the west side of the road opposite 
the house. From Ivelly's to the Chickamauga.-at the time 



62 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



of the battle, was original forest timber with dense under- 
growth. McDonald's house is situated about three-fourths 
of a mile north of Kelly's house. Poe's field is one-half a 
mile south of Kelly's house, Brotherton's three-fourths of 
a mile, both on LaFayette road. From Crawfish Springs, 
thirteen and one-fourth miles south of Chattanooga, it is 
three miles north to Widow Glenn's, the headquarters of 
General Rosecrans on first day of battle, thence one and 
three-fourth miles to Kelly's house. Reed's bridge, on the 
Chickamauga, is two and one-half miles east of Kelly's 
house. Colonel Dan McCook, commanding a brigade of 
Granger's corps, who had been on the road leading to Reed's 
bridge, met General Thomas at Baird's headquarters and 
reported that one rebel brigade had crossed to the west side 
of the Chickamauga, after which he had destroyed the 
bridge, and he believed that a prompt movement would re- 
sult in the capture of this brigade. General Thomas on this 
information directed General Brannan to post a brigade on 
the road to Alexander's bridge, as a support to Baird, and 
with his other brigades to reconnoiter the road to Reed's 
bridge in search of the isolated brigade of the enemy, with 
a view to its capture. Brannan moved about 9 A. M., and 
Baird advanced his right wing to get in line with Brannan, 
keeping a sharp outlook for the enemy. Croxton's brigade 
of Brannan's division about 10 o'clock met the enemy, being 
the cavalry under Forrest, in line as infantry, and Wilson's 
and Ector's brigades of Walker's division, and drove them 
nearly half a mile, when it met with obstinate resistance. 
Baird advanced with his whole division to the support of 
Brannan and drove the enemy for some distance, capturing 
two hundred prisoners, some of them from the Army of 
Virginia, who reported to Baird that the rebel army, about 
ninety thousand strong, was on his immediate front. Gen- 
eral Baird, upon this information, threw back his right 
wing, to be in readiness for an attack, and before his dispo- 
sitions could be made the enemy assaulted Scribner's and 



BATTLE OF CHICKAMAUGA. 63 

J. H. King's brigades, and drove them in disorder, capturing 
their artillery. Loomis' battery, attached to Scribner's bri- 
gade, here nnade its last fight, losing one officer, Lieutenant 
George W. VanPelt, and five men killed, seven men 
wounded and twelve missing, all of whom were either killed 
or wounded. Fifty-five of its horses were killed and several 
others disabled. Battery H, Fifth United States Artillery, 
with King's brigade of regulars, was retaken by a charge of 
the Ninth Ohio, in which it lost fifty men. At this crisis 
Johnson's division of McCook's corps arrived, and was im- 
mediately placed in position on Baird's right, with Palmer's 
division of Crittenden's corps on the right of Johnson. 
Reynolds' division of Thomas' corps was hastening to the 
battle. Johnson and Palmer immediately engaged the 
enemy, Walker's corps, composed of Walker's and Liddell's 
divisions, and Forrest's cavalry, dismounted, attacking him 
in flank, while Brannan's troops met him in front as he was 
pursuing Baird's brigades. The enemy fell back in con- 
fusion to his first position on Chickamauga creek between 
Reed's and Alexander's bridges. Reynolds now arrived and 
placed Turchin's brigade on left of Palmer's division, and 
E. A. King's on right of 'Van Cleve's division. Thomas 
had opened the battle of Chickamauga on Bragg's right, as 
the rebel general was sending his troops toward Lee and 
Gordon's Mills, over four miles south of the "opening," to 
attack what he supposed to be the Union left. The rebel 
commander ordered four divisions to his right in response 
to urgent calls for assistance to meet the stout attack of 
Thomas. The advance on Crittenden at Lee and Gordon's 
Mills was halted. Brannan and Baird were in position on 
the road from McDonald's to Reed's bridge, about 2 P. M. 
After a lull of about an hour the enemy again attacked, 
striking Johnson first, then Palmer, and Van Cleve's divis- 
ions, including Turchin's brigades of Reynolds' division, 
reaching E. A. King's brigade of Reynolds' division on the 
right of Van Cleve, about 3:30 P. M. In this attack, or 



64 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



series of attacks, the troops of Palmer, Van Cleve and 
Reynolds' divisions were driven to and west of the LaFay- 
ette road, a distance of about half a mile. The opportune 
arrival of the First and Third Brigades of Brannan's divis- 
ion from the left checked the advance of the enemy, driving 
him back to his position east of LaFayette road, and re- 
storing our lines at Poe's and Brotherton's. 

The Sixty-eighth Indiana, with E. A. King's brigade, 
passed Crawfish Springs in the early morning, and stopped 
for breakfast a short distance north of the Springs. Soon 
after breakfast the regiment was placed in line of battle in 
a wooded pasture east of the Crawfish Springs road, nearly 
a mile south of 'Widow Glenn's. This position was slightly 
changed twice, the last time to a large cultivated field thickly 
studded with dead trees — girdlings; to the north and east 
were forests of oak and pine trees. To the northwest a short 
distance, and in plain view on a slight knob, was the "Glenn 
House," Rosecrans' headquarters, a log structure, with a 
porch on the east side, and a large stone chimney at one end. 
It was here that Orderly Sergeant James Terhune, of Com- 
pany E, had an arm broken by a spent ball. Soon, however, 
Colonel King put the brigade in motion, left in front, the 
Sixty-eighth Indiana on the left of the brigade, in lead. As 
the brigade was starting Captain Charles H. Bryant, of Com- 
pany E, was struck on the leg by a spent ball, causing him 
to limp through the battle. Marching rapidly northeasterly 
in direction of heavy cannonading, the brigade entered the 
LaFayette road north of the Brotherton House, and going 
northward had passed Poe House and Poe field, when it was 
halted, about-faced, and moving double quick south on La- 
Fayette road to a point about five hundred yards south of the 
Brotherton House, swung by the left flank into the forest 
east of the LaFayette road, moving at a quick walk without 
skirmishers. Advancing about two hundred yards, the 
Twenty-sixth Pennsylvania Battery was passed on our 
left, and on command "right oblique," at a quick march, 



BATTLE OF CHICKAMAUGA. 65 

we went in search of the enemy and soon came upon a Hne 
of rebel skirmishers, some of whom were taken prisoners, 
from whom it was learned that Stewart's division was ad- 
vancing on our front. The brigade was placed in line, the 
Sixty-eighth and One Hundred and First Indiana and One 
Hundred and Fifth Ohio from left to right; the Seventy- 
fifth Indiana had been detached in the morning by General 
Reynolds to support our battery. The brigades of Beatty 
and Dick, of Van Cleve's division, Twenty-first Army Corps, 
were on our left, considerable space, probably one-fourth of 
a mile, intervening between Dick's brigade, on Van Cleve's 
right, and King's left. The Fifty-ninth Ohio, Colonel 
Frambes in command, was on right of Dick's brigade. 
Colonel Frambes in his report says: " My right flank was 
unprotected by an interval of half a mile." 

At General Palmer's request for help Reynolds ordered 
Colonel E. A. King, with three regiments, to his as- 
sistance. In taking position Colonel King found Van 
Cleve's division in line on Palmer's right and engaged with 
the enemy. He moved to the right, taking position well 
advanced to the-iront, facing east. This was about 3 P. M. 
The battle to our left was becoming fiercer; the roar of ar- 
tillery and sharp rattle of musketry indicated that the fight 
was coming nearer. About 3:30 P. M. a heavy line of the 
enemy's skirmishers advanced in our front, but were driven 
back by a sharp fire. Our position was then slightly 
changed, moving further to the right and facing slightly 
toward the northeast. A force of the enemy, which seemed 
to be a brigade, appeared on the left front of the Sixty-eighth 
Indiana, moving in a northwesterly direction, with left flank 
exposed to us. The dense underbrush hid us from their 
view. Unconscious of our location they moved into posi- 
tion about two hundred yards from us, with the precision of 
a parade. The Sixty-eighth fired a volley at them, and 
when the smoke lifted they had gone. The position of our 
brigade was again changed by Colonel King, this time facing 



66 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. 1. 

to the east. Colonel King was now in position in rear of 
the right of our regiment. The sound of furious battle indi- 
cated that the enemy was gaining ground on our left. A 
battery^ on our left rear was throwing shot at the enemy 
over the heads of the troops on our left. After a short lull 
in our front, the enemy appeared in heavy columns, advanc- 
ing obliquely to our left. Colonel King ordered the Sixty- 
eighth Indiana to reserve its fire until he gave the order. 
As the enemy approached his admonitions about firing were 
frequent. A look of eager expectancy was seen on the faces 
of the men, many of them having cartridges between their 
teeth, awaiting the order to "Fire." The lines of gray ad- 
vanced to within about fifty yards of our line, when Colonel 
King gave the command, " Fire." A thunderous volley 
answered the command, which checked the enemy, who be- 
gan firing, and the fighting was heavy for about twenty min*- 
utes. Dick's brigade on our left had gone; the enemy were 
passing our left flank. There were no troops on the im- 
mediate right of Colonel King's brigade. A furious battle 
was in progress in vicinity of the Viniard House on his 
right, which made his position little better than an out- 
post, and untenable, forcing him to withdraw to avoid cap- 
ture or annihilation. This was about 5 P. M. Colonel 
King gave the order to withdraw, and the brigade 
was soon in motion, retiring toward the LaFayette road, 
which was crossed about six hundred yards south of Brother- 
ton House, going across Brotherton field on south side, a 
part of the command passing through a skirt of timber on 
south side of field, to the slope south of Dyer House, to 
what is now known as Lytle Hill. The enemy did not pur- 
sue King's brigade to or west of the LaFayette road. The 
loss of our regiment in the fight in Brotherton woods was 
one commissioned officer. Lieutenant Robert J. Price, killed; 
Captain Harvey J. Espy and Lieutenant William Beale 
wounded, the latter severely, and about one hundred enlisted 
men killed and wounded. 

1 — Nineteenth Indiana. 



BATTLE OF CHICKAMAUGA. 6"] 

Captain Leeson, of the Sixty-eighth Indiana, stopped 
at the Lafayette road with a dozen or more soldiers of the 
brigade, and fired a few shots at the enemy passing north- 
ward. It was here that he received a severe contusion of 
leg which somewhat disabled him, affecting him for several 
weeks after the battle. The captain and his squad rejoined 
the brigade soon after it was reformed. As King's brigade 
was retiring across the Lafayette road toward Lytle Hill, 
no troops were on Brotherton ridge south of Brotherton 
house, and broken commands were drifting westward to the 
northward in the vicinity of Brotherton's, and it looked like 
a general disaster to our arms. Colonel King assisted the 
regimental officers in the work of reforming their commands. 
While thus engaged a mounted officer appeared and com- 
menced giving orders to the brigade. This quickly brought 
on a sharp war of words with Colonel King, who in forcible 
language informed the officer that he was in command, and 
advancing in a threatening manner drew his sword. The 
officer hastily retired, and our troops gave three cheers for 
Colonel King, who resumed the work of reforming his bri- 
gade. About .6:30 P. M. the brigade (three regiments) 
was again put in motion by its commander, moving by the 
left flank in a northeasterly direction toward the battle line, 
and at 7 P. M. bivouacked on the west side of Poe field facing 
east, the Sixty-eighth Indiana on the left, near the intersec- 
tion of the Baird with the LaFayette road, at near the north- 
west corner of Poe field, the left of our regiment resting on 
the LaFayette road. General Turchin's brigade was in po- 
sition on our left, his line on a low ridge covering the south- 
east front of Kelly field. The fighting was closed for the 
day in the vicinity of Poe and Brotherton houses before 5:30 
P. M. As King's brigade was moving to the position on 
the battle line at Poe's, night was approaching, and the boom 
of cannon and rattle of musketry was gradually ceasing. 
As twilight was merging into darkness, the Confederate 
general, Cleburne, attacked Generals Johnson and Baird's 



68 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



divisions about one mile east of Poe house, resulting in loss 
to both sides, without gain to either, the rebel general, Pres- 
ton Smith, and the Union brigade commander. Colonel 
Baldwin, being among the killed. 

The Seventy-fifth Indiana rejoined the brigade here at 
about 9 P. M., and was placed in position on the right, with 
the One Hundred and Fifth Ohio in reserve. The Seventy- 
fifth Indiana had been engaged to the left of Grose's brigade, 
in Palmer's division, and had suffered severely, and retired 
in disorder, going west, crossing the LaFayette road north of 
the Poe honse and was re-assembled at the crest of the hill 
northwest of the Dyer house, where it stacked arms, and 
remained until put in motion to join the brigade at Poe field 
about 9 P. M. Our brigade battery, the Nineteenth Indi- 
ana, forced to retire from its position on the ridge west of 
the LaFayette road south of the Brotherton house, with the 
loss of one gun, fifteen horses, and several men killed and 
wounded, went northwest to elevated ground beyond and 
near the Dyer house, from which position -it rejoined the 
brigade at Poe field about 10:30 P. M. Captain Samuel 
J. Harris, in command of the battery, in his report says: 

About 3 P. M., the brigade having been sent forward, the battery 
was ordered to take position on a ridge running parallel to the Chatta- 
nooga (Lafayette) road, separated therefrom by a thin growth of timber, 
and covering all the space intervening. About 3:30 P. M. we commenced 
the action by projecting spherical case over the heads of troops belong- 
ing to Van Cleve's division, who were now falling back, and when we 
could do so without endangering the lives of our own men, used canister, 
I think to good advantage. At 4:15 the battery and parts of batteries on 
our right and left having all retired, and receiving a close and destructive 
fire on my right, I ordered the piece on my right to retire, with the pur- 
pose of changing the front of the right half battery, so as to enable me to 
meet the fire of the enemy. 

It was possibly Fulton's rebel brigade of Johnson's 
division. Hood's corps, that appeared on the right flank of 



BATTLE OF CHICKAMAUGA. 69 



the Nineteenth Indiana Battery as described by Captain 
Harris, as a part of Fulton's brigade crossed to the 
west side of the LaFayette road a few hundred yards north 
of the Viniard house — the Viniard house is one mile south 
of Brotherton's — about 4 P. M., and changing front to the 
north, commenced tiring at our battery and its support on 
the ridge south of Brotherton house, but two regiments of 
Marker's brigade of Wood's division commg north on La- 
Fayette road from the vicinity of Viniards surprised Ful- 
ton's brigade and drove it in wild disorder to the east side 
of the LaFayette road, capturing eleven officers and sixty 
enlisted men of the Seventeeth Tennessee. This attack 
on our battery was made before King's brigade withdrew 
from its position in the Brotherton woods. 

The Seventy-tifth Indiana was sent to the assistance 
of Grose's brigade on call of Palmer, and the Sixth Ohio 
from Grose's brigade left in support of the battery in place 
of the Seventy-fifth Indiana, and was in support of the 
battery at the time it retired. 

Major S. C. Erwin, commanding the regiment, in his 
report of Saturday's battle, says: 

We held our position until the enemy was repulsed, when, our am- 
munition being entirely exhausted, we retired, by order of General Pal- 
mer, across the road to the rear of the Seventeenth (Nineteenth) Indiana 
Battery to get a fresh supply of ammunition. Having received it, we 
were moving in order to join the brigade when the troops in our front 
and on our right gave way in confusion and the enemy made a dash for 
the battery, which had been placed in reserve and was without infantry 
support. We immediately formed in the rear of the battery for its de- 
fense, under as hot a fire of musketry as I ever saw. The enemy m 
front was held in check by a furious discharge of grape and canister 
from the artillery, but in a few minutes gained our right flank and poured 
in a destructive fire. We then cJuuKjed front to the rear on tenth eom- 
pany^ and held them while five of the six guns were safely retired, 
when we fell back through the woods in rear of Brannan's division, com- 
ing into the Rossville road at a point where Cushing's battery was sta- 
tioned, from where we reported to you and joined the brigade. 

I — This line not italicised in report. This change of front faced the regiment toward 
the south. 



SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT. I. V. I. 



This report shows that the Nineteenth Indiana Battery 
was forced to retire before the sharp attack of the enemy 
on its right i^ank, leaving one of its six guns on the field; 
that the Sixth Ohio changed front to the rear to meet the 
attack, and when the guns had been retired moved in rear of 
Brannan's troops toward the north and joined its brigade 
battery (Cushing's), on the Rossville [LaFayette] road 
where it was stationed. It shows that the Nineteenth Indiana 
Battery and Cushing's battery were between the hours of 
4 P. M. and sunset separated by an interval of not less than 
half a mile, and could not have been together in Poe field, 
Saturday afternoon. Lieutenant Gushing, Battery H, 
Fourth United States Artillery, says that he left the Nine- 
teenth Indiana Battery and reported to General Hazen, who 
was forming a new line across the road. 

In retiring the Nineteenth Indiana Battery went north- 
west, passing to the right of the Sixth Ohio (after its change 
of front), and rear of Brannan's troops, to a position be- 
yond the Dyer house, where it replenished ammunition. 
There is no report on file showing that Nineteenth Indiana 
Battery was engaged in Poe field, or north of the Brother- 
ton road, or house, at any time on Saturday. The legends 
on markers and tablets of this battery alleging that it 
was engaged in Poe field Saturday P. M. are not founded 
on fact. 

At the time we crossed the road, going to Lytle Hill, 
our battery, the Nineteenth Indiana, had gone, and some 
wounded Confederates were captured by our regiment, 
who said they belonged to Longstreet's corps. 

General Reynolds had his headquarters with our bat- 
tery Saturday P. M. About 4 P. M. Reynolds had Swal- 
low's battery on left of Harris', and two howitzers of the 
Ninety-second Illinois Regiment on his right, in all fourteen 
pieces. Colonel E. A. King sent for the Seventy-fifth Indi- 
ana, and Reynolds ordered the Ninety-second Illinois to 
him, but it failed to reach him. After starting South on 




JOHN M. FRANCIS, Company D. 



BATTLE OF CHICKAMAUGA. 7 1 

LaFayette road, it left the road on west side, and was not 
again seen in that locality. It lost the two howitzers, and 
the regiment was next heard from with its brigade (Wild- 
er's). The movements of this regiment' from the time it 
started to support Iving's brigade until it rejoined its bri- 
gade are veiled in obscurity. The brigade and reg- 
imental reports of E. A. Iving's brigade do not appear 
in the war records, to the deep regret of every sur- 
vivor of the brigade. It appears from a reported statement 
of Colonel Robinson, who succeeded to the command of the 
brigade upon the death of Colonel King, published in the 
history of the Seventy-fifth Indiana, his own regiment, 
that he made no report of the work of the brigade in 
that battle. He commanded the same brigade in the 
Tullahoma campaign, but made no report. The writer 
has personal knowledge that the report of the Sixty- 
eighth Indiana was made within ten days after the battle, 
while in camp near Fort Negley. It was prepared 
by the writer on facts furnished by Adjutant Cyrus B. 
Goodwin and _the company officers, signed by Captain 
Edmund Finn, who was in command of the regiment from 
the time Captain Harvey J. Espy was wounded on Satur- 
day, about 4 P. M., and delivered to the brigade com- 
mander. A report of casualties was made and filed at 
same time. In the absence of these reports writers have 
used the report of the division commander, Reynolds, as a 
basis for facts, which served them well until the publication 
of the war records revealed that his report was made on 
September 23, 1863, immediately upon his arrival in 
Chattanooga, and without the reports of either of his 
brigade commanders before him; that of Colonel Wilder, 
First Brigade, not made until November 10; that of Tur- 

1— Colonel Atkins, Ninety-second Illinois, in his report retenius to this inciilent, says: 
" After we were mounted I soon met a lieutenant on the staff of General Reynolds and was 
informed that the general had not been seen recently, and supposing him killed or 
wounded, for I saw him in the thickest of the fight helping to rally the left of my regi- 
ment, I reported to Colonel Wilder." 



72 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 

chin, of Third Brigade, on September 26, with no report 
from the Second Brigade, E. A. King's. Reynolds sent 
the Third Brigade, Turchin's, to Palmer's left, and the 
Second, E. A. King's, to the right of VanCleve, separating 
them by two divisions of the Twenty-first Corps, and was 
with neither of them at any time in the action on Saturday, 
and a careful reading of his report discloses the fact that 
he knew nothing of the work of the Third Brigade, and 
little, if anything, of that of the Second, excepting its bat- 
tery. Nineteenth Indiana, with which he made his head- 
quarters. His report is obscure and indefinite, inaccurate 
on many points, and inconclusive on others. Some of 
these early and glaring errors are still accepted as truth by 
the uninformed. Among the errors relating to the work of 
King's brigade in Saturday's battle we notice the statement 
that "E. A. King's brigade was on the right of Palmer, 
next to Grose's brigade." General Turchin in his book 
" Chickamauga, " at page 85, says: 

VanCleve, leaving Barne's brigade with Wood's division at Lee and 
Gordon's Mills, moved his other two brigades — of General Sam Beatty 
and Colonel Dick — northward and formed to the right of Reynolds' 
Second Brigade, under Colonel King, which was formed on the right of 
Palmer's division. 

For this error General Turchin can plead that the war 
records, Vol. 30, and parts thereof containing the reports 
of the battle of Chickamauga had not been published at 
the time he prepared his book. The reports of the battle 
of Chickamauga by Palmer and VanCleve show that Van- 
Cleve formed on Palmer's right. Rev. David B. Floyd in 
his history of the Seventy-fifth Indiana, a regiment in 
King's brigade, published in 1893, after the publication of 
the War Records, can of^er no such excuse, yet at page 
137, referring to the engagement on Saturday P. M., he 
says: 

Reynolds sent three regiments of our brigade under King to 
form line at this point on Grose's right; they were the Sixty-eighth 



BATTLE OF CHICKAMAUGA. 73 



and One Hundred and First Indiana and the One Hundred and Fifth 
Ohio. The Sixty-eighth was on the left next to Grose, and the One 
Hundred and Fifth was in the center, and the One Hundred and First 
was on the right. 

A closer acquaintance with the official records would 
have enabled Mr. Floyd to give the facts as to position 
and forniation of King's brigade. This error of Mr. 
Floyd was adopted by Albion W. Tourgee in his history of 
the One Hundred and Fifth Ohio, who says he is indebted 
to the history of the Seventy-fifth Indiana, by Rev. D. B. 
Floyd, for facts in the preparation of his work. The 
numerous mistakes of Turchin concerning that brigade are 
irreconcilable with the facts. For instance, referring to 
the battle of Sunday at Poe field, Turchin, at page 117, 
says: 

When Brannan was obUged to fall back he carried with his line 
more than one-half of Reynolds' Second Brigade under Colonel King 
that stood on his left. 

And, as if for the purpose of giving a bill of particulars 
of the above, at page 122, he says: 

Beside that, the Sixty-eighth and One Hundred and First Indiana, 
of King's brigade, Reynolds' division, and stragglers of the Seventy- 
fifth Indiana and One Hundred and Fifth Ohio, of the same brigade 
also went to the ridge (Snodgrass) with Brannan. 

And to make his statement on this point more 
emphatic, in a foot note at page 122, he says: 

General Brannan in his report says that General Thomas had 
sent him the Sixty-eighth and One Hundred and First Indiana regi- 
ments, but this is a mistake, as they joined Brannan of their own 
accord. 

These statements of General Turchin are at variance 
with the facts, and wholly erroneous, and are only cited 
for the purpose of showing the errors made by a writer 
who did not have access to all of the official records for 
the facts. 



74 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 

The reader will, I feel quite sure, pardon me for sub- 
mitting the testimony of a few gallant officers who were 
present on that fateful day, and had opportunity to know 
the facts touching the position of E. A. King's brigade in 
the battle on Saturday, and the batteries massed to repulse 
the enemy, who, having dislodged VanCleve from the line, 
were following his troops northward, in vicinity of Poe's 
and Brotherton's. 

General Van Cleve,^ in his report, says: 

On the 19th. about 1 P. M., I was ordered to have one brigade in 
position at Gordon's Mills and move forward rapidly with the rest 
of my command to support General Palmer on our left, who was then 
hotly engaged with the enemy. I immediately ordered General Beatty 
with the First Brigade to move to the left at double quick, and at the 
same time ordered so much of the Second Brigade as was not with 
Colonel Dick to move forward, sending an order to Colonel Dick, 
to jom us as we passed him. * * * With the First and Second 
Brigades I formed on the right of General Palmer and immediately 
engaged the enemy fiercely. 

General Beatty,- First Brigade, VanCleve's division, 
says: 

Under direction of Generals Crittenden and VanCleve, I formed 
my brigade in two Imes on the right of General Palmer's division, 
with the Nineteenth Ohio Volunteers, Lieutenant Coloael H. G. 
Stratton commanding, on the right, and the Seventy-ninth Indiana 
Volunteers, Colonel Fred. Kneftler commanding, on the left, in the 
front line, and the Ninth Kentucky Volunteers, Colonel George H. 
Cram commanding, on the left, and the Seventeenth Kentucky Vol- 
unteers, Colonel Alex. M. Stout commandmg, on the right in the 
second line. Advancing about two hundred yards, v e met and en- 
gaged the enemy, driving him steadily for some distance. My front 
line charged upon and t, ok possession of two rebel batteries, but a 
heavy flanking movement and fire of the enemy upon our right com- 
pelled it to fall back a short distance, when two regiments of the 
Second Brigade, Colonel Dick commanding, formed on our right 
and detachments of the different regiments of my brigade, chiefly 
of the Seventy-ninth Indiana, brought off the battery of four guns, 
which was taken to the rear and saved. The capture of this battery 
was timely, as it had fired a few rounds of shell, and was, when 

1— Vol. 30, part 1, War Records, page 803. 
2— Vol. 30, part 1, War Records, page 808. 




M^^i/l^^^,^^^^ 



BATTLE OF CHICKAMAUGA. 7 5 



taken, doubled shotted with canister. The enemy continued to extend 
his lines past our right, and the falling back of the Second Brigade 
(Dick's) again exposed my right to a galling and destructive fire, 
under which I caused a change of front to the rear, on the left, in 
which position my men were exposed to the fire not only of the 
enemy, but of a battery of our own (reported to be the Nineteenth 
Indiana Battery, Captain Harris) upon my lines, which were falling 
back to take a new'position, and killing some of my men, broke the lines 
into disorder. 

Captain Charles H. Bryant, Company E, Sixty-eighth 
Indiana, who was on the left of the regiment, says: 

I know that we passed the Twenty-sixth Pennsylvania Battery 
on our left, after we had gone into the Brotherton woods to take 
position Saturday P. M., having hailed the battery as we passed it. 
We were obliquing to the right at the time. I cannot be mistaken 
on this point. Marchmg on, we took a position well t(^ the right and 
front of the battery, from which I could see quite a distance to the left, 
and could see no troops either in blue or gray in that direction, that is 
on the prolongation of our line northward. 

In relation to the " fourteen or twenty guns " massed 
near Poe's about 4:30 P. M., the following testimony is 
positive and convincing, as to batteries participating. 

Brigadier-General Hazen,^ Second Brigade, Palmer's 
division, in his report of the battle, says: 

I was at this time relieved by General Turchin and ordered 
back to the road to fill my boxes with ammunition, already twice 
exhausted, and take charge of some batteries left there without sup- 
ports. This I had just accomplished when a vigorous attack appeared 
to be going on upon that part of the line immediately to the right 
of the ground fought over by the last echelon of our division (Palm- 
er's). 1 at once moved my 'brigade to the right and formed it so as 
to face the sound of battle, moved forward and placed it in position 
as a support to some troops of General Reynolds,'- my left resting on 
the Lafayette and Rossville road near a small house,<^ the right thrown 
forward, forming an angle of about forty-five degrees with the road. 
The battle neared my position rapidly. At thi-. moment I met Gen- 
eral VanCleve, whose division the enemy had engaged, and who told 
me his men had given way, and that he could no longer control them. 
* * * I found myself the only general officer upon that part of the 

1 — Vol. .30, part \, War Records, page 7C2. 

2 — Seventy-fifth Indiana, that had been sent to support of Grose's brigade. 

3— Poe house. 



'j6 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I, 



field, and to check the further advance of the enemy was of the utmost 
importance. I hastily gathered and placed in position all the artillers 
then in reach, including portions of Standart's, Cockerill's, Cushing's 
and Russell's batteries, in all about twenty pieces, and with the aid of 
all the mounted officers and soldiers I could find, succeeded in check- 
ing and rallying a sufficient number of straggling mfantry to form a 
fair line in support of the artillery. My brigade could not be brought 
into position in time, there being but about two minutes to make these 
dispositions before the blow came, when the simultaneous opening of 
all the artillery with grape checked and put to rout the confronting 
columns of the enemy. It is due Lieutenants Baldwin, First Ohio Vol- 
unteer Artillery, commanding Standart's battery, Cockerill, of the same 
regiment, commanaing battery, and Gushing and Russell, Fourth Uni- 
ted States Artillery, commanding batteries, to state that for accuracy 
in maneuvering and firing their guns in the immediate presence of the 
enemy on this occasion, the army and country are placed under last- 
ing obligations. Major-General Reynolds came to this position at 
this time and ma^e further dispositions of troops, but the fight was 
closed for the day, except a fierce attack made at nightfall upon Gen- 
eral Johnson. A short time after the above repulse General Thomas 
came to this place and took command of all the troops in this part of 
the field. 

The only batteries engaged in this repulse of the enemy 
were H and M, Fourth United States Artillery, and F, 
First Ohio Light Artillery, i6 guns. Lieutenant Harry C. 
Gushing,^ H, Fourth United States Artillery, in his report 
of the action, says: 

The whole line was thrown back, and this, throwing the batteries 
back in the hollow, I reported to General Hazen, who was forming a 
new line across the road. M, of the Fourth Artillery, F, of the First 
Ohio, and my battery were massed obliquely across the road covering 
the rebel approach. Their appearance was the signal for a most rapid 
and destructive fire from these batteries, and driving the rebels. This 
closed the fight for me that day 

Lieutenant Francis L. D. Russell,' Battery M, Fourth 
United States Artillery, in his report of the battle on 
Saturday, says: 

Thinking that to remain longer without a sufficent support would 
be sacrificing my battery, I limbered up and retired to a better posi- 

] — Vol. 30. part 1, War Records, pages 799. 
2— Vol. 30, part 1, War Records, page 80 1. 



BATTLE OF CHICKAMAUGA. 7/ 

tion, about six hundred yards to the rear. I there found Lieutenant 
Gushing, who had placed his battery in position. I formed immedi- 
ately on his right, with an open field in front. The enemy advancing 
Lieutenant Cushmg and I opened with canister and speedily repulsed 
them. The battle for that day was ended, and toward evening I went 
into camp with Colonel Grose's brigade. 

Lieutenant Giles J. Cockerill,^ F, First Ohio Light 
Artillery, in his report, says: 

The enemy showing himself in strong force in our front, I opened 
a heavy cannonade upon him, which, with the assistance of Lieutenants 
Russell's and Gushing's batteries, succeeded in putting him to flight. 

It is a common error among writers to say that the regi- 
ments of E. A. King's brigade rallied on the batteries at 
Poe's field and assisted in the repulse of the rebel advance 
at about 5 P. M. Saturday. Rev. David B. Floyd, in his 
history of the Seventy-fifth Indiana, gives currency to this 
mistake, where he says on page 141: 

Reynolds, Palmer and Hazen now collected together several bat- 
teries— Gushing's, Russell's, Swallo\y's and Harris'— and planted them 
on either side of the Chattanooga road near Poe's. In the support of 
these batteries the regiments of Golonel King's brigade, with some 
others were formed. Here the Seventy-fifth Indiana Regiment rejoined 
its brigade, where it properly belonged. 

The Seventy-fifth Indiana was not in support of the 
massed guns at Poe's, it having previously gone west in 
disorder, but may have been represented in "straggling in- 
fantry," referred to by General Hazen. Not a battery of 
Reynolds' division was there. Swallow's battery (Seventh 
Indiana) was not there. Harris' battery was engaged 
about that time on the ridge south of Brotherton House, 
from where it went northwest, a short distance beyond the 
Dyer House. General Palmer was not there. Reynolds 
was not there. Captain Francis M. Wilkinson, Company 
H, Sixty-eighth Indiana Infantry (at that time first lieuten- 

1— Vol. 30, part 1, War Records, page 778. 



78 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. 1. 

ant, was an aid-de-camp on the staff of Colonel Edward A. 
King, commanding brigade, and was the officer sent by 
him to General Reynolds for assistance. On October i8, 
1900, Mr. J. P. Smartt, assistant historian of the Chicka- 
mauga and Chattanooga National Park Commission, wrote 
to Captain Wilkinson for a statement of facts covering the 
operations of E. A. King's brigade and the Nineteenth 
Indiana Battery in Saturday's battle, and his answer is 
submitted as follows:^ 

Zanesville, O., Nov. 2, 1900. 
Mr. J. P. Smartt, Chickamauga and Chattanooga National Park Com- 
mission, Chattanooga, Tenn.: 

Dear Sir: — Your communication of October 18 was duly received, 
and would have had an earlier reply, but it has been a long time since 
September 19, 1868. I had to look up some data to refresh my mem- 
ory in regard to some of the matters about which you ask in your com- 
munication above referred to. 

As I understand it, Brotherton field is west of the LaFayette road 
and the Poe field is east of the road. 

King's brigade fought in the woods in the Poe field, east of the 
road. The Nineteenth Battery was in the Brotherton field, west of 
the LaFayette road, on a ridge in the rear of King's brigade, in the 
rear of which battery was stationed part of the time the Ninety-second 
Illinois Regiment, about which you asked; in the rear of the bat- 
tery was also an open field across which King's brigade retired in a 
southwesterly direction about 4:30 P. M. and was reformed on a slope 
there by Colonel King, and then moved northeast to the west line of 
the Poe field into the position it occupied until Sunday noon, or 
about that time. There was a house, and the nearest one I thmk, about 
four hundred yards north of where we crossed the road. The next house 
was Poe's, about one-half mile north of Brotherton's. 

VanCleve's troops were on our left, quite a space intervening 
between us. They were dislodged from the line, the enemy then struck 
our left flank, causing Colonel King to retire his brigade across the 
LaFayette road in a southwest course to the slope I have mentioned 
above. 

You asked me in regard to the Ninety-second Illinois Regiment. 
I have to say that about 3 o'clock it got so warm for us in the woods 
that Colonel King sent me to General Reynolds for help. General 
Reynolds, was then, as he was when we retired, with the Nineteenth 

1 — Mr. J. P. Smartt kindly permitted Captain Charles H. Bryant to copy the paper of 
Captain Wilkinson, which copy was placed in the hands of the writer by Captain Bryant. 



BATTLE OF CHICKAMAUGA. 79 

Lattery. He said lie had no help to give me, and I started back to re- 
port; he called me -back and said he had a regiment in the rear 
of the battery which he could let me have and which regiment proved 
to be the Ninety-second Illinois. I started with this regiment and 
got them straightened out on the LaFayette road and said to the Colo- 
nel to follow that road and I would ride in and find out the present 
location of the brigade, as they were constantly changing position. 
I had not gone far in the woods until I met our troops coming out at 
a pretty rapid gait, and I suppose that the Ninety-second Illinois got 
mixed up with our troops and retired with them. 

I believe the above answers your inquiries, but if it does not I 
will take great pleasure in going further into the matter. 

Yours truly, 

F. M. Wilkinson. 

Captain Wilkinson, as aide-de-camp, had opportunity 
to know the facts stated by him, and his testimony, taken 
by Mr. J. P. Smartt, assistant historian, establishes the 
fact that the Nineteenth Indiana Battery was south of 
Brotherton House, west of LaFayette road, on a ridge in 
rear of King's brigade; that in rear of that battery was a 
field across which King's brigade retired; that General 
Reynolds was with the battery; that VanCleve's troops 
were on the leit of E. A. King's brigade, and were dis- 
lodged from the line, causing Colonel King to retire his 
brigade across the Lafayette road. The testimony of 
Captain Wilkinson, obtained by Mr. J. P. Smartt, is a 
valuable contribution to the history of King's brigade, and 
sustains our contention that E. A. King's brigade and the 
Nineteenth Indiana Battery were not in the artillery battle 
in Poe field Saturday P. M., which repulsed the troops of 
Bate and Clayton. At the time those batteries were pour- 
ing grape and canister into the ranks of the enemy, driving 
him back, E. A. King's brigade was withdrawing, and 
nearing the Lafayette road about six hundred yards south 
of the Brotherton House. The roar of the guns sounded 
like the roll of a drum, and those who heard it instinctively 
knew that a supreme effort was being made to turn the 
tide of victory against the enemy. The repulse of the 



8o SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 

enemy by those guns near Poe's closed the fight for the 
day in the vicinity of Poe's and Brotherton's. 

VanCleve's brigades, Beatty's and Dick's were routed 
out of their positions east of the Lafayette road (Dick's 
brigade going first), and did not rally until they struck the 
ridge west of the Crawfish Springs road, about three- 
fourths of a mile from the battle, where they bivouacked, 
and on Sunday morning were reformed about one-half a 
mile further north, and moved to the battle field, and 
while advancing to support Thomas on the left about 12:30 
o'clock were scattered in utter rout, excepting only a por- 
tion of the Seventeenth Kentucky, Colonel Stout com- 
manding, of First Brigade (Beatty's) and a large detach- 
ment of the Forty-fourth Indiana, Lieutenant-Colonel 
Aldrich commanding, of Second Brigade (Dick's) that 
joined General Wood at Harker Hill, east of Snodgrass 
house, and remained with him fighting until his with- 
drawal at 7 P. M., and there was no more splendid fight- 
ing done on that field than was done by Thomas J. Wood 
and the men under his command on the afternoon of Sep- 
tember 20. General Wood,^ in his report, makes special 
mention of these troops, saying : 

Early in the afternoon my command was joined by portions of two 
regiments belonging to VanCleve's division, the Seventeenth Kentucky, 
Colonel Stout commanding, and the Forty-fourth Indiana, Lieutenant- 
Colonel Aldrich commanding. The facts that these parts of regiments, 
preserving the form of a regimental organization, did not leave the field 
after this disaster on the right, where so many other troops fled from the 
contest, is certainly most creditable to them. 

The fact also affords very just ground for the inference that if a 
more determined effort had been made by the officers, many other 
regiments that left the field might have been kept on it. The remains 
of the two regiments most nobly and gallantly aided my command in 
repulsing the repeated attacks of the enemy. The P'orty-fourth Indiana 
bore itself with special gallantry. 

I should do injustice to my feelings were I to omit to record my 
testimony to the splendid resistance made on my right by General 
Brannan and his command. It was the 7U' plus ultra of defensive 
fighting. 

1 — Vol. 30, part 1, War Records, page 639. 



BATTLE OF CHICKAMAUGA. 



The other regiments of those two brigades of Van- 
Cleve's were dispersed and drifted to Rossville, arriving at 
Chattanooga later, on the installment plan. In relation to 
the marvelous claims made for Dick's brigade of this divis- 
ion I submit as a matter of history the following extract 
from Turchin's " Chickamauga " relating to that brigade in 
Sunday's battle, which for grim humor stands unequaled: 

But there was one wonderful pere^a:rination made by a brigade of 
VanCleve's division during and after the rout, which is deserving of 
especial mention. It was performed by Colonel Dick's brigade, and he 
says in his report that he was on the left of Sam Beatty's brigade when 
his own and that of Beatty moved close to Brannan's Hnes just before 
the rout occurred; that he then received orders to move, on double quick, 
by the left flank to the support of some artillery, said to he in position 
in the woods; that he thus moved for 500 or 600 yards and seeing no 
artillery, but seeing C.olonel Vanderveer's brigade, he formed in the 
rear of it. Then he saw Colonel Stanley's brigade on the left of 
Vanderveer hard pressed, and he went to its support. Colonel Stanley 
mentions in his report that there were three regiments that were going 
to support him, but when he fell back the support was gone. The 
probability is that it was Dick's brigade. Stanley talks about that support 
somewhat disparagingly, but perhaps he was in a hurry himself and 
did not see the support, because Colonel Dick positively says that Stan- 
ley's line gave way_and retreated in disorder over his command lying on 
the ground; that his line was somewhat confused, but recovering, it gave 
the enemy a galling Are for more than fifteen minutes. He was then 
overwhelmed by a greater force of the enemy, and fell back m disorder, 
and that Captain Gunsenhauser, of the Forty fourth Indiana, was killed; 
he then reports that there the rebel Brigadier-General Adams, of Texas, 
was wounded and captured. 

Then he again rallied a portion of his command 500 yards to the 
rear, while Lieutenant-Colonel Aldrich, of the Forty-fourth Indiana, ral- 
lied the remainder in another part of the field and went to support General 
Wood. Then he remained with what he had of his men in support of a 
battery on some hill for an hour; then marched to the left to reform 
but this did not take long, and then went to support Brannan. He then 
states that he held the enemy in check until they had succeeded in planting 
a battery, still further to his right on a ridge, commanding his position 
and enfilading his line; then the enemy threw a fresh line of infantry 
upon his exposed flank, which compelled him to again fall back. 
Then he saw the greater part of the army falling back and he himself 
fell back through the woods, gathering stragglers. Having gone nearly 
a mile, he struck the Chattanooga road, where his command was again 
attacked by the enemy's cavalry. Still he continued to march on that 
6 



82 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



road another mile, and, halting in a large field, collected nearly 600 men 
of the division; met Lieutenant-Colonel Loder, of General Crittenden's 
staff, who directed Jiim to march to Chattanooga; but on nearing Ross- 
ville, he learned that General VanCleve had established his headquarters 
there, so he reported to him and went into camp. 

This report shows that Dick's brigade was not in the rout, and that 
Colonel Dick performed many feats during the afternoon of the 20th 
with which the world would be unacquainted were it not for his individ- 
ual report, as none of those who could testify to these various deeds 
mention anything about him. Lieutenant-Colonel Aldrich, under Gen- 
eral Wood, was doing well and received especial mention; but of Colonel 
Dick's engagements no mention is made by either Colonels Stanley or 
Vanderveer, nor by Generals Baird or Brannan. It is a sad report of 
how it is possible for a whole brigade to straggle around, waste its 
strength and accomplish nothing. 

General Palmer,' speaking of the rout of VanCleve's 
troops on his right on Saturday, says: 

By "this time the enemy had passed to the rear, and I felt much 
apprehension for Hazen. I rode in the direction of heavy firing near 
the Rossville (LaFayette) road, and found him with a part of his own 
brigade and a large conscription of stragglers and several pieces of 
artillery resisting an attempt of the enemy to cross an open field in his 
front. His fire was too hot, and they abandoned the effort. 

This does not support the allegations of Floyd and 
others that Palmer assisted Reynolds to form the batteries. 

It was a busy night. Our lines were rectified and 
preparations made for the work of to-morrow. Baird was 
on the left at northeast corner of Kelly field with Johnson, 
Palmer and Reynolds on his right in the order named. 
Reynolds was at the center of our line with two brigades. 
E. A. King's brigade (Second), with two brigades of Bran- 
nan's division on his right, covered the west line of Poe field. 
Turchin's brigade (Third) was on the left of E. A. King's, his 
right resting east of the LaFayette road, at northeast corner 
of Poe field, his line covering the east line of Kelly's field, 
King's brigade being in echelon, west of LaFayette road, 
facing east. During the night and early hours of Sunday 

1— Vol. 30, part 1, War Records, page 714. 



BAtTLE OF CHICKAMAUGA. 83 

morning our lines were strengthened by hastily improvised 
works — barricades of logs, rails, old stumps and stones. 
It was a cold night and the ground was white with frost. 
No fires were lighted. A short time for breakfast, and 
none for dinner, made hard tack and bacon, without cof- 
fee, a luxury for supper. Marching all the previous night 
and fighting all day had well nigh exhausted our men. 
The snatches of rest on the cold ground, in the crisp air, 
in the light of the glittering stars, the silence of the night 
broken only by the moans of the dying, groans of the 
wounded, cries for help, for water, for friends; some 
swearing, others praying death to release them from an- 
guish, are still fresh in the memory — a picture that time 
will never efface. 



CHAPTER VII. 



CHICKAMAUGA, SEPTEMBER 20, 1 863. 

The close of the first day's battle left our army in 
possession of the LaFayette road, leading into Chattanoo- 
ga. It was a wild battle, wherein the art of war counted 
for little or nothing. It was a " free for all" fight in the 
woods and thickets, among irregular, low hills, along 
crooked and unmarked roads winding their way through 
the dense underbrush, the umbrageous character of the 
bkttle field hiding from view the forces engaged. The 
Irishman's advice, "whenever you see a head, hit it," 
seemed to be the rule of action, and it may not be amiss 
to say heads were plentiful. During the night of the 19th, 
after a consultation with his corps commanders, General 
Rosecrans divided his army into two wings, with General 
McCook in command of the right, and Thomas of the left. 
The lines of the Union army were rearranged. The right 
was withdrawn from Lee and Gordon's Mills, and the 
vicinity of Viniards, to the high ground near the Widow 
Glenn's. The left wing, composed of the divisions of 
Baird, Johnson, Palmer, Reynolds and Brannan, was 
formed around the Kelly field, the extreme left reaching 
nearly to the Alexander bridge road and retired westwardly 
to within two hundred yards of the LaFayette road, to 
protect that flank, thence south and eastward of the Kelly 
field to a point northeast of the northern end of Poe field, 
the right of the Third Brigade (Turchin) of Reynolds' 
division being in position there. The Second Brigade 



CHICKAMAUGA, SEPTEMBER 20, 1 863. 85 



(E. A. King's) of Reynolds' division was posted west of 
the LaFayette road, its left opposite the north end of Poe 
field, on Turchin's right and rear, thence along southward 
and west of the Poe field, with Brannan's division on Rey- 
nolds" right, with Croxton's and Connell's brigades in line, 
and Van Derveer's brigade in reserve, this being the right 
of the left wing, thence to Widow Glenn's. General 
Crittenden, with Davis' and Van Cleve's divisions, was 
placed in reserve near the junction of McCook's and 
Thomas' line, to be able to assist either. The reserve 
corps, Gordon Granger, with three brigades, was at McAfee 
Church, four and one halt" miles north of Kelly's house, 
and three and one-half miles north of extreme left of 
Union line. 

The rebel army was realigned during the night, and 
divided into two wings, General Polk being placed in com- 
mand of the right, and General Longstreet of the left. 
Forest's two divisions of cavalry, lighting as infantry, and 
two brigades of Breckinridge's division extended beyond 
the Union left. The rebel hne ran from right to left in 
the following~brder: Cleburne on left of Breckinridge, 
Stewart, Bushrod Johnson, Hindman and Preston, in the 
front line, Walker's two divisions to the right and rear of 
Breckinridge, and Cheatham's five brigades in rear of Cle- 
burne, Law and Kershaw in rear of Bushrod Johnson. 
Stewart's division was to the right of Longstreet's wing, 
and covered the east line of Poe field, facing E. A. King's 
brigade, Reynolds' division, and two brigades of Brannan's 
division, in line on the west of the field, Cleburne's 
division was the left of Polk's wing, and covered the south- 
east side of the Kelly field facing Turchin's brigade, Rey- 
nolds' division. 

The formation of E. A. King's brigade at Poe field 
Sunday morning was in two lines as follows: 



86 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. 



t t t t t 



Left to right, Sixty-eighth and Seventy-fifth Indiana on front 
hne, and One Hundred and First Indiana and One Hun- 
dred and Fifth Ohio on second Hne, with five guns of Nine- 
teenth Indiana Battery in center. The first line during 
the early morning had hastily constructed a low barricade 
— but no rif^e pits — that afforded slight protection. 

Bragg had ordered an attack from right to left at day- 
light, which, however, was not made until 9 o'clock, when 
the battle opened on our left, reaching Poe field about 10 
o'clock by a furious attack at Stewart's division, and S. A. 
M. Wood's brigade of Cleburne's division, which was 
repulsed with heavy loss to the enemy. Again, at 1 1 A. 
M.. Stewart made a second and most determined assault 
on E. A. King's brigade, and Croxton's and Connell's bri- 
gades of Brannan's division, which was repulsed, with 
greater loss to the enemy than our total loss from all 
causes in the Spanish-American war. 

Reference is made to Tablet No. 38 C, Wood's bri- 
gade, Cleburne's division, Hill's corps, which shows a 
"persistent attack on King's brigade of Reynolds' division 
posted just west of the LaFayette road." We cite further 
testimony of the enemy. Tablet No. 40 C. , Bates' bri- 
gade, Stewart's division, Buckner's corps, and No. 42 C. , 
Clayton's brigade, Stewart's division, Buckner's corps, 
tend to show the heavy fighting by King's brigade, to which 
our regiment belonged. 

The losses in Stewart's division indicate the ferocity 
of the attack upon the Poe field line. The percentage of 
losses in the three brigades of Stewart's division is as fol- 
lows: Brown's 33.3; Bates', 48.7; Clayton's, 42.4. Wood's 
brigade of Cleburne's division engaged with Stewart in 
these assaults and lost 96 killed and 680 wounded. These 
heavy losses show that our brigade got a soldier's satisfac- 
tion of inflicting severe punishment on the enemy. Stewart, 



CHICKAMAUGA, SEPTEMBER 20, 1 863. 87 

in his official report, speaking of this assault at Poe field, 
says his division encountered "the most terrible fire it had 
ever been his fortune to witness." 

Brigadier-General S. A. M. Wood* says: 

The loss at the time in the brigade was 96 killed on the field and 
680 wounded. Many have died' since, among them four field officers- 
Major McGaughy, of the Sixteentli Alabama Regiment; Major Karr, of 
the Thirty-second Mississippi Regiment; Major Hawkins, of Hawkins' 
Sharpshooters; Major Gibson, of Gibson's battalion, attached to Thirty- 
third Alabama Regiment. These officers of the same rank were all dis- 
tinguished by former services on the field of battle. 

The commanding officer of the Sixteenth Alabama 
reports the loss of 25 killed and 218 wounded, out of 28 
officers and 257 men engaged. The commanding officer of 
Thirty-third Alabama' (Woods' brigade) says of this action: 

After I had remained here an hour or an hour and a half, I re- 
ceived an order from Brigadier-General Wood to move forward and 
keep in line with Sixteenth Alabama Regiment. Previous to this time 
Ueshler's brigade had moved to the right. After moving forward about 
two hundred yards I received a general volley of small arms from the 
enemy's line. At this point the Sixteenth Alabama Regiment halted. 
On a line with it baited my regiment. Here my company of skirmishers 
that had covered my front in the whole advance came in, having driven 
the enemy's line of skirmishers back to the main line. Near my line in 
front was a fence covering my whole regiment except the right company. 
The enemy's line of battle was distant about 275 yards, behind barri- 
cades. In this position I was subjected to a very severe enfilading fire 
from the right.^ In front a low hill protected me. Shortly after I halted 
Brown's brigade came up on my left, and supporting it and very near in 
its rear was Clayton's brigade, the right regiment of which lapped my 
whole regiment. I moved forward my regiment with these two brigades 
about 100 yards to the crest of the hill in my front. At this point most 
of both brigades fell back, carrying with them many of my men. I con- 
tinued to advance until I reached a house^ on the western side of the 
Chattanooga road, about 75 yards from the enemy's line. This house 
caught fire about the close of the engagement and burned down. At this 
point I found myself with but 60 or 70 of my own men, and but very few, 
if any, of the other two brigades. With this squad of men and my colors 

1— Vol. 30, part 2, War Records, page 1G2. 
2 — Vol. 30, part 2, War Records, page ItiG. 
3— Turchin's brigade, Reynolds' division. 
4 — Poe house. 



SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



I fell back to the ravine where I had previously halted. After I had 
remained here half an hour, engaged in collecting my stragglers, I 
received an order from Brigadier-General Wood to rejoin the brigade, 
which was 700 or 800 yards farther in the rear. In this engagement I lost 
16 killed and 183 wounded. 

The commanding officer of the Forty-fifth Alabama,^ 
Wood's brigade, of this engagement says: 

For the length of time exposed at this point the casualties 
were much greater than m any other engagement I had ever been in. 

* * My loss in killed was 22; wounded, 95. 

The commanding officer of the Thirty-second Missis- 
sippi~ of this action says: 

In a very short time I lost over one-fourth of my command 
in killed and wounded. Nineteen of my men now sleep in one grave 
near where the colors stood, all of whom were killed near that spot. 

* * My loss was 25 killed and 141 wounded. 

The following incident in connection with the loss of 
Major Karr, of the Thirty-second Mississippi, is given, as 
tending to show the bravery of the men that confronted 
King's brigade. As the Confederate column was falling 
back Colonel Lowrey, who was conrmianding the Thirty- 
second and Forty-fifth Mississippi Regiments, cried out: 
"Boys, you have left your major on the field, and he is 
still exposed to danger." Five men volunteered to bring 
the Major from the field. Our batteries were still pouring 
a destructive fire into the field, and shot and shell were 
plowing around the wounded officer. The five men walked 
across the " iron-sheeted field " and secured the Major, 
and were taking him back to their line, stretched on a 
blanket, when a shell from our battery exploded among 
them, and they all fell, with shattered limbs and bodies. 
Colonel Roger Q. Mills. ^ of Texas, who succeeded to 
the command of the brigade after the death of General 
Deshler, in his report says: 

1— Vol. 30, part 2, War Records, page 169 
2— Vol. 30, part 2, War Eecords. page 171. 
3— Vol. 30, part 2, War Kecords, page 188. 



CHICKAMAUGA, SEPTEMBER 20, 1 863. 89 



We advanced to the crest of the hill, some 200 yards in front 
of the enemy's barricades and breastworks, when he opened a destruc- 
tive fire upon us. We were ordered to lie down and commence firing. 
We now began the engagement in earnest, but at great disadvantage. 
The enemy was behind his defenses and we without cover. He had two 
batteries of artillery. We had none, our own battery not being able to 
get a position to give us aid. * * The enemy poured on our heads 
from 10 A. M. to 1:80 P. M. or 2 P. M. a con'Jtant and terrible fire of 
artillery and musketry, which we returned with our rifles with the same 
constancy and stubbornness. About 12 M. our supply of ammunition 
began to give out, and I sent a courier to Brigadier-General Ueshler to in- 
form him of the fact, and to ask where we could get more. A few minutes 
after I saw him coming toward my right, some 40 paces from me, when 
he was struck by a shell in the chest and his heart literally torn from his 
bosom. * * Among the host of brave hearts that were offered on the 
altar of sacrifice for their country on that beautiful Sabbath there per- 
ished not one nobler, braver or better than his. 

During these determined attacks of the enemy on the 
center of the Union line a section of the Twenty-first 
Indiana Battery was on the LaFayette road on the imme- 
diate left of the Sixty-eighth Indiana Regiment. The 
Nineteenth Indiana Battery was in position in the center 
of E. A. King's brigade, and next on the right were the 
batteries of Croxton's and Connel's brigades of Brannan's 
■division. The music of this grand aggregation of artillery 
made a most impressive Sabbath service for Bishop Polk, 
who was conducting the exercises for the rebel forces 
attacking the Union left. 

As the enemy appeared on the east side of Poe field 
for a dash across the field in second assault on our line 
west of Poe field, there was seen coming from our left what 
seemed to be a runaway piece of artillery and limber. 
Madly the horses galloped toward us in a storm of bullets 
and shells. The riders were bending low on back of 
horses. Upon reaching King's brigade they reined up in 
front of the chargmg columns of Confederates, who with 
their " Ki yi " yell were coming across the field. In a 
moment the riders were off, and the horses cut loose, and 
the gun ran in between two trees near the Sixty-eighth 
Indiana. On came the enemy in a face of a heavy fire of 



go SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 

musketry, and grape and canister from the batteries of 
Harris' and Andrews', and the volunteer gun, which was 
rapidly worked, and as the enemy were retreating to the 
place from whence they came, a gunner of the volunteer 
piece sprang upon the gun, and waiving his cap, shouted, 
" By g — d, boys, we have cleared our front." The horses 
were quickly brought forward and attached to the gun, and 
galloping to the north on the LaFayette road, were soon lost 
to view in the smoke and dust of battle. From whence 
this gun came, or whither it went, is not known. It ap- 
peared to be hunting a fight, and got in its work at Poe field. 

But while Reynolds and Brannan were clearing their 
front the rebel General Longstreet with a column of three 
divisions from east of Brotherton's was advancing, and 
passing through the gap in our lines made by the with- 
drawal of Wood's division from Brannan's right on order 
of Rosecrans " to close on Reynolds as fast as possible 
and support him," with eight brigades, moved rapidly 
through the Union lines, driving the right crushed and 
broken before him, having matters all his own way, when 
he was confronted at Dyer field by Marker's brigade, which 
had been rushed to this position by General Wood. The 
enemy were checked by a heavy fire of musketry, and a 
charge by this brigade. It was here that the rebel General 
Hood was wounded, and Law's brigade so badly broken 
that it was of no more use in the battle. Harker withdrew 
his brigade from this position to Snodgrass Hill, taking 
position to the northeast of the house, with Battery I, 
Fourth United States Artillery, Lieutenant Frank G. Smith, 
on his right. 

It was at this crisis that the One Hundred and Fifth 
Ohio, of our brigade, which up to this time had been lying 
in reserve, was ordered by General Reynolds to charge the 
enemy then passing on his right. This charge, under com- 
mand of Major George T. Perkins, a few hundred against 
thousands flushed with success, was gallantly executed, 



CHICKAMAUGA, SEPTEMBER 20, 1863. 9I 



and its audacity for a moment dazed the enemy, checking 
them long enough for Brannan to rally his men and retire 
to Snodgrass Hill, where he reformed his division on the 
crest of the hill to the right of the house and facing south. 
In this charge by the One Hundred and Fifth a number of 
prisoners were captured. It has been claimed that the 
rebel General Daniel W. Adams was captured by this regi- 
ment in that charge, but this is an error. General Adams 
was commanding a brigade on the right of Breckinridge's 
division on the extreme right of the rebel army, and at 
10:45 A. M., having reached the left rear of General 
Baird's division on our extreme left, was severely wounded 
and captured by the Eleventh Michigan Infantry, a detail 
from which took him with all prisoners captured at the 
time to Chattanooga. His sword and field glasses were 
taken to Michigan by his captors as trophies. Major- 
General John C. Breckinridge,^ who commanded on the 
extreme right of rebel line, and whose division was com- 
posed of three brigades commanded by Brigadier-General 
B. H. Helm, Brigadier-General Daniel W. Adams and 
Brigadier-Generaf-M. A. Stovall, speaking of the attack on 
Sunday on our lines at McDonald's and the crossing of the 
LaFayette road by brigades of Adams and Stovall, says: 

I at once ordered these brigades to change front perpendicu- 
lar to the original line of battle and with the left of Adams and the 
right of Stovall res ing on the Chattanooga road to advance upon the 
flank of the enemy. * * * Here, General Adams, who is as remark- 
able for his judgment on the field, as for his courage, was severely 
wounded, and fell into the hands of the enemy. 

This charge of the One Hundred and Fifth Ohio, a 
brilliant episode of the battle, reflecting glory on the reg- 
iment and brigade, was made from our positon at Poe field 
against the enemy to the south, three-fourths of a mile 
from where General Adams fell. 

At I o'clock E. A. King's brigade still held its position 
west of Poe field. Brannan on his right had gone. The 

1— Vol. 30, part 2, War Itecords, pages 199-200. 



92 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 

rebels were in our rear to the west and firing on us with 
artillery. Reynolds changed position about two hundred 
yards north, to south line of Kelly field, where our bri- 
gade was formed in the timber on east side of the 
LaFayette road, on the right and rear of Turchin. All 
firing in our front except by sharpshooters had ceased. 
All of the troops to the right of Brannan had been dislodged 
from the line and nearly all swept off the field. Rosecrans, 
with McCook, Crittenden and Sheridan, were caught in the 
rout and pushed off the field in great confusion, and with 
heavy loss, to McFarland's Gap, Rosecrans, McCook and 
Crittenden going to Chattanooga, and Sheridan to Ross- 
ville, leaving the field they thought was lost. None of 
them returned during the battle. 

The nature and extent of the action on our right is 
clearly shown by the following extract from the report of 
Colonel Wilder,^ commanding the First Brigadeof Reynolds' 
division, which had been detached from the division in 
August preceding: 

I now organized my line on the top of Mission Ridge, so as to 
command the road to the rear of Rossville, and deploying skirmishers 
north and east of my position I sent messengers to find General McCook. 
Lieutenant-Colonel Thruston, chief of General McCook's staff, soon 
appeared and notified me that the line on my left was driven back and 
dispersed, and advised that I had better fall back to Lookout Mountain. 
I determined, however, to attempt to cut my way to join General Thomas 
at Rossville, and was arranging my line for that purpose when General 
Dana, assistant secretary of war, came up and said that " Our troops have 
fled in utter panic; that it was a worse rout than Bull Run; that General 
Rosecrans was probably killed or captured;" and strongly advised me to 
fall back and occupy the passes over Lookout Mountain to prevent the 
rebel occupancy of it. One of my staff officers now came up and reported 
that he had found General Sheridan a mile and a half to the rear and left, 
who sent advice to me that he "was trying to collect his men and join 
General Thomas at Rossville, and that I had better fall back to the Chat- 
tanooga valley." I now, at 4 P.M., did so with great reluctance, bringing 
off with me a number of wagons loaded with ammunition, a great many 
ambulances, a number of caissons, a great many stragglers, and quite a 
number of straying beef and cattle. 

1 — Vol. 30, part 1, War Records, pages 418-9. 




MONUMENT ON LAFAYETTE ROAD, WEST OF 
NORTH END OF POE FIELD. 



CHICKAMAUGA, SEPTEMBER 20, 1 863. 93 



The right of our army had gone. Thomas held only 
five divisions in line, against the whole rebel army, which 
had crushed the right wing of our army and were confident 
of success in their attack upon the left. Ignorant of the 
disaster to the right of our army Thomas was expecting the 
arrival of Sheridan's division from the right to his support. 
The heavy firing to the right and rear of Reynolds attracted 
his attention and he rode forward in that direction to Col- 
onel Harker's position. It was the enemy, and not Sher- 
idan, that was advancing with their heavy columns from 
the right. The enemy was on both his flanks, with an army 
of over si.xty thousand men circling around him, v.'ith less 
than twenty-five thousand at his command for defense, all 
of whom were worn and wearied by two days' heavy and 
almost continuous fighting. But the general who at Stone 
river, when the right gave way, formed a new line, perpen- 
dicular to the center, and hurled back the charging columns 
of the enemy, saving the Aniiy of the Cumberland, was 
equal to this supreme crisis of war. The enemy had 
reformed and were advancing in strong lines. Those whose 
privilege it was to be present have graven on their memo- 
ries the picture of a stalwart officer, on a heavy horse, riding 
rapidly from point to point on Snodgrass hill, giving hasty 
orders to Lieutenant Smith of Battery I, Fourth United 
States Artillery; then riding to put Wood in position; then 
sending orders to Baird, Johnson and Palmer, to hold fast 
their positions at all hazards, to Reynolds that our right had 
been turned and the enemy was in his rear; to Davis and 
Sheridan at McFarland's Gap that he was still on the field, 
and asking them to come to his aid. Davis turned back to 
join him; Sheridan declined to regard his request and moved 
on to Rossville away from the battle. These orders had 
barely been given, when the attack begun on Brannan and 
Wood. For one hour the tide of battle ebbed and flowed; 
the thin line of blue on Snodgrass Hill with no breast 
works, facing over twenty thousand of the best troops in 



94 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. 1. 



the rebel army, holding them at bay. The right of Bush- 
rod Johnson's command was cirossing the crest on the right. 
At this critical moment, when the fate of the Army of the 
Cumberland hung trembling in the balance, help unexpect- 
edly came. "Granger, great in battle," had been listen- 
ing to the sound of the battle and said with an oath to his 
chief of staff, "I am going over to Thomas, orders or no 
orders." The reply was "And if 3'ou do, you may bring 
disaster to the army, and you to a court-martial." He 
replied, "There's nothing in our front now but ragtag, bob- 
tail cavalry. Don't you see Bragg is piling his whole army 
on Thomas. I am going to his assistance." Directing 
Dan McCook to hold fast his position, he put Steedman's 
division in motion, and brushing aside forces of the enemy 
that sought to intercept his progress, rapidly covered the 
four miles intervening, and reported to Thomas. 

This column of fresh troops was thrown into the ravine, 
west of the Snodgrass house, and attacked Bushrod John- 
son's line as it was crossing the crest to the rear of Bran- 
nan, driving it back, and occupying the crest on Brannan's 
right, lengthening his line to the right. At almost the 
same moment Van Derveer's brigade arrived from a suc- 
cessful charge upon a brigade of Breckinridge's division on 
the north side of Kelly field, marching to the sound of the 
guns without orders, and forming on Steedman's left, 
made Brannan's right a solid line. Steedman's loss in four 
hours was forty-nine per cent., all killed or wounded but 
one. Granger's men divided ammunition with Brannan 
and Wood, whose men were out. General Thomas^ in his 
report, says : 

This opportune arrival of tresh troops revived the flagging spirits 
of our men on the right, and inspired them with new ardor for the con- 
test. Every assault of the enemy from that time until nightfall was re- 
pulsed in the most gallant style by the whole line. 

About 3 P. M. General Wood was re-enforced by Ha- 
zen's brigade of Palmer's division from the left. 

1 — Vol. 30, part 1, War Kecords, page 263. 




COLONEL EDWARD A. KING. 



CHlCKAMAUGA, SEPTEMBER 20, 1863. 95 



Again and again the rebels assaulted the line on Snod- 
grass hill. At 4:30 o'clock Longstreet, the Marshal Ney 
of the rebel army, re-inforced by Preston's division, two 
brigades of which had not been engaged either day of the 
battle, ordered a charge, one of the fiercest in the annals 
of war, all along the line on Snodgrass hill. Along our 
line rode Thomas, the master-spirit, who by his presence 
removed fear and doubt. The men cheered; they idolized 
him; they would do anything for him; march harder, 
starve longer, go without tents and blankets, and die in 
greater numbers for him than for any other commander, 
and they would do all these things willingly and gladly. 
The lull was broken; the shock came; the awful carnage 
went on for more than an hour; the foe was beaten and 
driven back, leaving the slope strewn with over 8,000 of 
their dead and wounded comrades. 

How goes it with the left? There was a lull along 
our front from Baird to Reynolds from i P. M. until 5:30 
P. M., except an occasional shot from a sharpshooter. 
About 5 P. M. Xolonel Edward A. King, commanding 
Second Brigade, Reynolds' division,' was killed by a Confed- 
erate sharpshooter. His body was strapped to the top of 
a caisson of our brigade battery, the Nineteenth Indiana, 
and removed from the field with his brigade, while charg- 
ing the rebel Liddell's forces to clear the road to Rossville 
for the withdrawal of the Union left, a fitting finale to a 
a soldier's career. He saved our iiag at Munfordville, and 
we saved his body at Chickamauga, the only one brought 
off that bloody field. He was buried at the Ross house, 
Rossville, and the grave marked. At the time of his death 
no member of his staff was present, all being engaged 
elsewhere. The claim has been made that Lieutenant 
Sanford Fortner of his staff was present, but this is cer- 
tainly an error, as Major Fortner, when addressed by the 
writer on this subject, asking for the facts, would neither 
affirm or deny the report. H. C. Woods, of Knightstown, 



96 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 

Indiana, late of Nineteenth Indiana Battery, who had been 
wounded about 12:30 in the fight at Poe field, but remained 
with his battery, in a letter to the writer, says: 

You ask me for facts relating to the death of our brig.ade com- 
mander, Colonel Edward A. King, killed at Chickamauga in the after- 
noon, September 20, 1863. Wc had withdrawn from our position on the 
LaFayette road, where our battle of the morning till 1 P. M. took place, 
and fell back to the Kelly field, where Colonel King was killed by a 
sharpshooter. I was wounded about 12:30, but remamed with the battery 
till we got to Rossville. I rode on the caisson that brought King's body 
off the field. He was buried at Rossville shortly after we arrived there. 
I cannot say by whose order the body was brought off the field. * * 
I well remember our men begging Colonel King to dismount and not 
expose himself needlessly, as several shots had been fired at him while 
sitting on his horse. He finally got off his horse and- was shot in the 
head and was killed instantly, a short ti-me after, while holding his horse. 
Probably an hour after he was killed we were ordered to Rossville, 
where we arrived at midnight. 

In January, 1864, his body was removed to Dayton, 
Ohio, where he lay in state at the court house January 29 
and 30, in a fine casket, resting on a catafalque furnished 
by the " Dayton Light Guard," with which he had been 
associated. The catafalque had inscribed on its four sides 
"Contreras," "Molino del Rey," "Chepultepec," "Chick- 
amauga." On January 31 his remains were buried with 
military honors in Woodland cemetery, the Second Regi- 
ment, Ohio Volunteer Militia, acting as escort. The 
funeral was most impressive and the largest ever before 
held in Dayton. 

The withdrawal of our line from Ivelly field was ordered 
by General Thomas at 5:30 o'clock, and was begun by 
General Reynolds' division, his two brigades — Turcbin's 
and King's — forming in two lines and marching by flank in 
parallel columns to the LaFayette road near the northern 
limits of the Kelly field, where it filed to the left in the 
woods, facing north, where it was formed in line perpen- 
dicular to the road with Turchin on the right. It was here 
that we met General Thomas. 




SHBI.I. MO.UMKKT TO CO.X..H, K.W.K. . K>XO, 
SOUTHEAST CORXKK Of KEI.IA 



ERECT E 



3 KV WAR DEPARTMENT. 



CHICKAMAUGA, SEPTEMBER 20, 1 863. 97 

Liddell's rebel division was on our front across the 
Lafayette road leading to Rossville. A charge was ordered 
and executed in two lines at double-quick, General Tur- 
chin leading the charge. General Thomas personally gave 
directions to some of the regiments. To Lieutenant-Colonel 
Douglass Putnam, Ninety-second Ohio Infantry, Turchin's 
brigade, he said: "Form your men at once and charge 
the enemy in your front. Do not wait for orders from bri- 
gade commander, but go at once; every minute is precious." ^ 

He rapidly passed from regiment to regiment in face 
of the enemy, who were taking possession of the roads to 
Chattanooga, giving similar instructions. His orders were 
instantly obeyed. The enemy were dispersed and over two 
hundred prisoners captured. The Lafayette road was thus 
cleared of the enemy. The divisions of Baird, Johnson, 
and Palmer followed in good order. At the time Reynolds 
began this movement the rebels moved forward, and a part 
of Williams' battalion of rebel artillery, Darden's and 
Kolb's batteries, eleven guns, placed in position near Poe's, 
opened tire upon our lines, killing and wounding a number 
of our men, afHong the number killed being George Han- 
kins, of Company I, color-sergeant. The same lire killed 
two men of Company B, whose heads were blown off 
and their brains scattered over their comrades, and 
wounded Sergeant Henry Nicolai, of Company F. Rey- 
nolds' division continued its march toward McFarland's 
Gap, going west on the Mullis road to a point near the 
Mullis house, where General Thomas again appeared and 
ordered that the Sixty-eighth and One Hundred and First 
Indiana be detached from the brigade and accompany him 
to his headquarters at the mouth of the ravine near the 
road northwest of Snodgrass house. Arriving with Thomas 
at his headquarters, our men stood in the presence of their 
great commander, at the close of a battle that should rank 
as the Marathon of the New World. The roar of contiict 
had subsided to the east at McDonald's and I\elly's; nearly 

1— Colonel Putnam personally informed the writer of this fact. 
7 



98 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 

all of our troops had been withdrawn. Granger, Steed- 
man, Wood and Harker had retired. Brannan's troops 
alone remained on Snodgrass Hill as the shades of night 
gathered over the smoke and carnage of the battlefield. 
Just as we arrived at his headquarters a scattering volley on 
Snodgrass Hill was heard. This was the firing between the 
rebel brigade of Colonel Robert C. Trigg, Preston's divi- 
sion, Buckner's corps, and the Ninth Indiana and the 
Thirty-fifth Ohio regiments, which under command of 
Lieutenant-Colonel H. V. Boynton, had been refused to 
protect what was then Brannan's right, at the time of the 
capture of three regiments on Steedman's left. This was 
the last firing in the battle. The following extract from the 
report of this affair by Colonel Isaac C. B. Suman,^ Ninth 
Indiana Infantry, is given: 

My regiment was then ordered still farther to the right, on a 
"high hill. It was while in this position that my attention was drawn to 
my right by an unnecessary amount of talking. I went over to see what 
it meant, and, to my surprise, I found the enemy demanding our troops 
to surrender. At that moment a rebel officer pointed a pistol at my head 
and demanded my surrender. I informed him that I had surrendered 
some time ago. He appeared satisfied with my explanation. At that 
moment something drew his attention, and I slipped away from him and 
brought two of- my right companies to bear and opened fire on them and 
scattered the party. Our men ran one way and the rebels ran another. 
The officer with whom I talked reported himself as Colonel of the Thirty- 
fifth (Fifty-fourth ?) Virginia Regiment, and said he was attached to 
Buckner's corps. He said he was only off of the cars seven hours. One 
of my lieutenants went over to see what was going on, and the same 
officer took his sword from him. One of his men fired on the rebel col- 
onel and killed him, retook the lieutenant's sword and took the rebel's 
swotd and pistol. At this moment the officer came up that I had re- 
ported to at that point. He appeared to think it impossible that the 
enemy had gained that point. I informed him that he had but thirty 
steps to walk to convince himself, but he seemed not inclined to con- 
vince himself by going to see. Immediately afterwards I was ordered to 
retire with my command, which I did in good order. My loss on the 20th 
was one lieutenant wounded, one enlisted man killed and six wounded, 
one mortally, and six missing. 

This report is of interest, showing as it does some of 
the details of the last act in the great tragedy, and disposes 

1 — Vol. 30, part 1, War Records, page 7(11). 



CHICKAMAUGA, SEPTEMBER 20, 1 863. 99 

of the claim made by a few of the Ninth Indiana Infantry 
that it was the last regiment to leave Snodgrass Hill. The 
words, "immediately afterwards I was ordered to retire 
with my command, which I did in good order," is con- 
clusive of the fact of leaving immediately after the firing of 
Trigg's brigade, following the capture of some of our troops. 
As the Sixty-eighth and One Hundred and First Indiana 
Regiments were placed in position immediately after this 
firing, it would seem that the claim of the Sixty-eighth 
Indiana that it relieved the Ninth Indiana is well founded. 
The honor of being the last regiment to leave Snod- 
grass Hill on September 20, 1863, has been claimed by the 
Ninth and Eighty-eighth Indiana, Eleventh Michigan and 
Twenty-first Ohio Infantry. The testimony of Colonel 
Suman, given while the facts were fresh in his memory, is 
positive and convincing, and will be accepted by the reader 
as the truth, rather than the fairy tales of latter-day claim- 
ants. The Eighty-eighth Indiana, of General John Beatty's 
brigade, was not on Snodgrass Hill at any time during the 
battle of Sunday^ General Beatty' says: 

The Eighty-eighth Indiana and Forty-second Indiana, compelled to 
make a detour around the hills on the left and rear, became separated 
from me, but subsequently finding General Negley they reported to him 
and under his orders supported a battery or batteries which he had placed 
in position on some elevated ground on the left. Later in the day they 
were ordered by his assistant adjutant-general, Major Lowne, to retire in 
the direction of Rossville. 

The Eleventh Michigan, in brigade commanded by 
Colonel Stoughton, retired by order of General Brannan, 
as shown by report of Colonel Stoughton,' made September 
27, 1863, wherein he says: 

About 8 o'clock orders came from General Brannan to retire, and 
the brigade was quietly formed and marched in good order to RossvmIIc- 
About half an hour before we left a raking fire was poured into our ranks 
by the enemy, from a hill to our right, which had been occupied and as 
we supposed was still held by General Granger's Reserve Corps. 

1 — Vol. 30, part 1, War Records, pp. 36S-0. 2— Vol. 30, part 1, War Records, p. 3S2. 

LofC. 



lOO SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 

Not a word is said about leaving the Eleventh Michi- 
gan on the hill, and it is fair to assume that it went with its 
brigade. 

The claim of the Twenty-first Ohio is based upon a 
statement of General Negley, who left the hill with his com- 
mand early in the day. 

These claims are all disposed of by General Brannan 
in reply to a letter of inquiry from Major McMahan, ' 
Twenty-first Ohio Infantry, dated April 22. 1864, asking 
for facts. The correspondence is submitted as a closure of 
all claims against the Sixty-eighth and One Hundred and 
First Indiana Regiments, for the honor of being the last 
armed Union troops to leave Snodgrass Hill, September 
20, 1863. 

Perrysburg, Ohio, April 22, 1864. 
Brigadier-General Brannan, 

Comdg. Third Div., Fourteenth A. C, September 20, 1868: 

Sir: On the 12th inst. I wrote General James S. Negley in regard 
to the disposition made of the Twenty-first Regiment Ohio Volunteer 
Infantry at the battle of Chickamauga, Sunday afternoon, September 20, 
1868. In reply I received his letter, dated Louisville, Kentucky, April 
18, 1864, from which the following is an extract, viz: "During the battle 
on Sunday, and after my First and Second Brigades were detached from 
my command. General Brannan applied earnestly for a regiment to sup- 
port his position. The Twenty-first Ohio Volunteers was sent to him for 
the purpose. * * * The Twenty-first Ohio Volunteers remained under 
the immediate command of General Brannan, and, as I have been in- 
formed, covered his retreat after dark." I have lately returned from an 
imprisonment in the hands of the enemy, having been captured at the 
battle and on the day above referred to, and intend to submit a statement 
of the conduct of my regiment in said battle as soon as practicable. 

My object in writing to you is to learn why I was not informed of 
the withdrawal of the troops on the Horseshoe Ridge at dark, and why I 
received no orders from you in regard to the retreat of my own com- 
mand. Having no ammunition, and the troops having been stealthily 
withdrawn from my flanks, I was forced to meet the enemy under serious 
disadvantages. The interposition of my regiment between the enemy 
and our retiring forces made their retreat an easy matter after dark, as 
they were not disturbed in the even tenor of their way toward Chatta- 
nooga 

1— Vol. :iO, part 1, War Records, pages ;i'.l2-;i. 



CHICKAMAUGA, SEPTEMBER 20, 1 863, lOI 



I will be glad to accompany my report — which is now written — 
by a letter containing such information as may seem proper to you. 
\'ery respectfully, A. McMahan, 

Major Twenty-tirst Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry. 
P. S. — Postoffice: Perrysburg, Wood County, Ohio. 



Headquarters Department of the Cumberland, 
Chattanooga, Tenn., May 8, 1864. 
Maj. a. McMahan, 

Twenty-first Ohio Volunteers: 
Major: I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your com- 
munication of April 22, 1864, incjuiring wherefore you were not informed 
of the withdrawal of troops from your flanks, nor ordered to vnthdraw 
your command of Twenty-first Ohio Volunteers from the Horseshoe 
Ridge on Sunday night, September 20, at Chickamauga, and would state 
in reply that at the time of your command being captured no portion of 
my troops had been withdrawn from the field, nor had orders been issued 
to that effect. The surrender of your command was accomplished 
so quietly as to escape the notice of all but the regiment on your imme- 
diate left, the colonel of which promptly reported the fact to me, where- 
upon I sent the Thirty-fifth Ohio Volunteers to hold the position, which 
it did successfully against a subsequent attack of the rebels. 

The extract quoted from Major-General Negley's letter of April 
18, 1864, to the effect that the Twenty-first Ohio Volunteers covered my 
retreat after dark is iTicorrect, as that duty was performed by the Sixty- 
eighth and One Hundred and First Indiana Volunteer Regiments, being 
the only troops who had any ammunition whatever. 

Very respectfully, your obedient servant, 

J. M. Brannan, 
Brig. -Gen., Chief of Artillery, Fourteenth Army Corps. 
Late Comdg. Third Division, Fojrteenth Army Corps. 
P. S. — The troops on my right belonged to Major-General Grang- 
er's corps, and were withdrawn before you were captured without my 
being notified of the fact. My command was not withdrawn for a con- 
siderable time after. 

General Brannan' in his report, speaking of the clos- 
ing hours on Snodgrass hill, where our troops gallantly 
risked their lives for the integrity of the Republic, and won 
imperishable renown, says: 

Shortly after sunset I withdrew without molestation to Rossville, 
-where I bivouacked for the night, my retreat being covered by the Sixty- 

1 — Vol, ;iO, part 1, War liecords, page 40:i. 



I02 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 

eighth and One Hundred and First Indiana Volunteers, the only troops 
who had a supply of ammunition. This duty was satisfactorily per- 
formed by these regiments, under the direction of Captain C. A. CiUey 
of Colonel VanDerveer's staff. 

Reference is made to Tablet No. 80 C, Trigg's bri- 
gade, Preston's division, Buckner's corps, to show the time 
of the last firing in the battle. Just after the firing by 
Trigg's rebel brigade, an officer came to General Thomas 
and reported that the troops on Snodgrass hill were out of 
ammunition. General Thomas, turning to Lieutenant- 
Colonel Doan, of the One Hundred and First Indiana, 
commanding our detachment, said: "Colonel, are your 
men supplied with ammunition.'" the reply being, "Gen- 
eral, they are partially supplied." General Thomas then 
directed that the Sixty-eighth and One Hundred and First 
Indiana relieve the Ninth Indiana and Thirty-fifth Ohio on 
Snodgrass hill, which order was promptly obeyed. Upon 
reaching the crest of Snodgrass hill we were placed in 
position by Lieutenant-Colonel Henry V. Boynton, com- 
manding Thirty-fifth Ohio, prolonging his line. Thirty-fifth 
Ohio, to the right and north, the Sixty-eighth relieving the 
Ninth Indiana, which at once retired from the hill. 

From the position of the Sixty-eighth Indiana could 
be seen rebel troops on our west front, on north side of the 
position that had been held by Granger, who had retired 
by order of Thomas. The forces of Brannan were now 
withdrawn from Snodgrass hill, beginning on the left with 
Stanley's brigade, commanded by Colonel Stoughton, in 
lead. The Sixty-eighth and One Hundred and First 
Indiana Regiments were ordered to cover the retreat of 
Brannan and, under command of Captain Cilley, of Van- 
Derveer's staff, performed that duty to the satisfaction 
of General Brannan. The Sixty-eighth Indiana closed 
up as rear guard, being the last regiment to leave, and 
with a number of stragglers and slightly wounded men 
picked up on the way, and a few rebel prisoners, filed 
through McFarland's Gap late in the night. Snodgrass 



CHICKAMAUGA, SEPTEMBER 20, 1 863. IO3 

hill, or Horseshoe Ridge, as it is called by the rebels in 
their reports, is one-half mile west of Kelly's house, and 
about one and one-half miles north of Widow Glenn's. 
From Snodgrass hill to McFarland's Gap is two and one- 
half miles northwest, and thence two and three-fourths 
miles north to Rossville Gap. 

Reynolds' division was hampered by adverse circum- 
stances in this battle. The First Brigade (Wilder's) was 
detached and not under his command. The other two, 
King's and Turchin's, were separated the first day by Pal- 
mer's and VanCleve's divisions, and on the second day, 
while the Second and Third Brigades were together. King's 
was placed at the angle formed by the refusal of the right 
wing. It was at this point that interest centered in the 
battle of the 20th, and after much discussion the fact has 
been clearly established that King's brigade and Croxton's 
and Connell's brigades of Brannan's division at Poe field 
were subjected to most furious assaults by the right of the 
Confederate left wing, under General Stewart, and that our 
right wing was swept off the field, beginning at the right 
of King's brigade. The loss of Reynolds' division, by bri- 
gades, is as follows: 

First Brigade (Wilder's) — Killed, 13 enlisted men; 
wounded, 9 officers and 85 enlisted men; missing, i officer 
and 17 enlisted men; total loss, 125. - 

Second Brigade (King's) — Killed, 2 officers and 48 
enlisted men; wounded, 19 officers and 344 enlisted men; 
missing, 6 officers and 65 enlisted men; total loss, 484 men. 

Third Brigade (Turchin's) — Killed, i officer and 29 
enlisted men; wounded, 18 officers and 209 enlisted men; 
missing, 6 officers and 80 enlisted men; total, 343. 

Total loss Fourth Division, 952. The loss of the 
Second Brigade exceeds by 16 the combined loss of the 
other two brigades. 

The loss of the Second Brigade, b}' regiments, is as 
follows: 



I04 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



Sixty-eighth Indiana — Killed, 2 officers and 15 enlist- 
ed men; wounded, 5 officers and 103 enlisted men; miss- 
ing, I officer and 11 enlisted men; total, 137. 

Seventy-fifth Indiana— Killed, 17 enlisted men; wound- 
ed, 4 officers and 104 enlisted men; missing, 2 officers and 
II enlisted men; total, 138. 

One Hundred and First Indiana — Killed, 11 enlisted 
men; wounded, 5 officers and 85 enlisted men; missing, i 
officer and 17 enlisted men; total, 119. 

One Hundred and Fifth Ohio— Killed, 3 enlisted men; 
wounded, 4 officers and 37 enlisted men; missing, 2 officers 
and 24 enlisted men; total, 70. 

Nineteenth Indiana Battery — Killed, 2 enlisted men; 
wounded, i officer and 15 enlisted men; missing, 2 enlisted 
men; total, 20. 

The effective strength of the Second Brigade, swords 
and rifles,, at time of battle was 1,730. 

Sixty-eighth Indiana, 346. 

Seventy-fifth Indiana, 514. 

One Hundred and First Indiana, 369. 

One Hundred and Fifth Ohio, 400. 

Nineteenth Indiana Battery, loi. 

The statement of effective strength of the Sixty-eighth 
Indiana is, in addition to War Departm.ent record, 1 given 
in an official report made in compliance with army regula- 
tions, by the commanding officer of the regiment and filed 
in adjutant-general's office, Indiana. June 5, 1865, from 
which the following extract bearing upon this question is 
submitted: 

Remained in the neighborhood of Pond Spring until the evening of 
the 18th, when we marched for Crawfish Springs, arriving at sunrise of 
the 19th, and on the battle field of Chickamauga about 10 A. M., same 
day. The regiment went into the fight commanded by Captain H. J. 
Espy. There was present in the engagement, which lasted during the 
19th and 20th September, 1863 : Twenty-five (25) commissioned officers, 
three hundred and twenty-one (321) enlisted men. * * Captain Espy 
was wounded at 5 o'clock on the 19th. 

1 — Reports in War Department. 



CHICKAMAUGA, SEPTEMBER 20, 1 863. IO5 

In addition to the list of casualties in the Sixty-eighth 
Indiana there were three officers and twenty-three enlisted 
men who were slightly wounded, but were not so reported. 

The loss of the Sixty-eighth Indiana in the battle was 
39.6 per cent ; of the Seventy-fifth Indiana, 26.4 per 
cent.; of the One Hundred and First Indiana, 32.9 per 
cent.; of the One Hundred and Fifth Ohio, 17.2 
per cent.; of the Nineteenth Indiana Battery, 19.8 
per cent. Of the eleven enlisted men reported miss- 
ing, eight were severely wounded, and paroled by the 
enemy after the battle, making the number actually miss- 
ing three enlisted men and one commissioned officer. Sur- 
geon John L. Wooden, who remained with our wounded 
soldiers, refusing to leave them, was taken prisoner and 
sent to Libby Prison, Richmond, Va. The three missing 
enlisted men have never been accounted for. They were 
probably stri ken down on the field and left in the dense 
underbrush to die, and sleep in unknown graves. The 
rebels made a pretense of burying our dead that were 
killed east of LaFayette road, but those on the left side of 
the road were left unburied, to be preyed upon by the birds 
of the air, and beasts of the field. In support of this I 
quote from the report of General William Grose' as follows: 

On the first day of December we crossed the creek, proceeded two 
miles to the memorable battle field of the 19th and 20th of September, 
I860. We buried the remains of about 400 of our brave fallen com- 
rades that had been the prey of animals for two and a half months. On 
the left of our line the dead of the enemy over a portion of the ground 
had been well buried, and ours tolerably well covered, but toward the 
center and right but few of ours were attempted to be buried or covered 
at all. The heads and feet of those on that part of the field that had 
been slightly covered were mostly uncovere:], and frequently found 
separated and some distance from the bodies. On the west of the road 
from Lee and Gordon's Mills to Rossville, and on our center and right 
and as far as I went to the south, but few burials bad been attempted of 
either party. We had not time to explore the entire field, and no doubt 
many of our soldiers remain unburied yet. All good clothing had been 
stripped from the bodies. Such a sight of inhumanity I hope never to 
witness again. 

1 — Vol. ol, part 2, War Records, series 1, iiage 1T2. 



I06 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I, V, I. 

The pitiful side of war is here unfolded. We think 
of our wounded left weltering in their blood on this field 
of battle, to die in the jungle, unattended, save by the 
vampires who rob them of their shoes and clothing and 
everything of value, and leave them naked, dead and 
dying. The bones of our dead at Chickamauga were col- 
lected and buried as " unknown " in the National cemetery 
at Chattanooga. 

" By fairy hands their knell is rung, 
By forms unseen their dirge is sung ; 
There honor comes, a pilgrim gray, 
To bless the turf that wraps their clay ; 
And freedom shall awhile repair, 
To dwell, a weeping hermit there." 

The Confederate government made every effort to 
compass the defeat of the Union army at Chickamauga. 
Bragg's army was re-enforced until its strength was supe- 
rior to ours. It is difficult to arrive at its exact strength, 
as we find the returns to the war office at Richmond were 
incomplete. 

In a letter of General Lee to President Davis, dated 
September 14, 1863, the following figures of Bragg's 
actual and prospective strength are thus stated : 

If the report sent to me by General Cooper since my return from 
Richmond is correct. General Bragg had, on the 20th of August last, 
51,101 effective men; General Buckner, 16,118; he was to receive from 
General Johnston 9,000. His total force will therefore be 76,219, as large 
a number as I presume he can operate with. This is independent of the 
local troops, which, you may recollect, he reported as exceeding his ex- 
pectations. 

Longstreet's' force of S-Ooo men was not included in 
the above. This would give Bragg 81,219. 

General Johnston says he sent Bragg two brigades in 
addition to the 9,000, which reached him on day of battle, 
with 2,559 men, increasing his effective force to 83,778. 

1 — The official reports show that Longstreet was sent from the Army of Northern Vir- 
ginia with nine brigades (18,000 men). Five of those brigades arrived and took part in the 
battle. This would indicate 10,000 men, instead of 5,000 as claimed. 



CHICKAMAUGA, SEPTEMBER 20, 1 863. 10/ 



The facts stated by General Lee are supported by 
General Bragg's "Field return of effective strength of the 
Army of the Tennessee, October i, 1863," made after the 
battle, giving infantry, 50,272; artillery, 3.585, a grand 
total of 53,857. To this should be added, loss in battle, 
20,950, making a grand total of 74,807, not including the 
cavalry under Generals Wheeler and Forest. 

There was some contention among the Confederates 
after the battle as to the strength of Bragg's army, and 
President Davis called upon General R. E. Lee ^ for a 
report, and an extract from his letter in reply dated October 
5, 1863, is here given: 

Cami' at Orange Court-House, 
October 5, 1863. 
His Excellen'cv Jefferson Davis, 

President Confederate States, Richmond, Va. 
Mr. President: I have had the honor to receive your letter of the 
1st. I hope there was a mistake as to the strength of Bragg's army. 
His effective strength given me by General Cooper before the battle, and 
before the addition of Longstreet's corps, was 76,219, Bragg's 51,101 and 
Buckner's 16,118, plus 9,000 from Johnston's army. I think if Your 
Excellency could make it convenient to visit that country, you would be 
able to reconcile many dilficulties and unite the scattered troops. 

Rob't E. Lee, General. 

Rosecrans' loss was: Killed, 1,687; wounded, 9,394; 
missing, 5,255; total, 16.336. 

Bragg's loss was: Killed, 2,673; wounded, 16,274^ 
missing, 2,003; total, 20,950. 

Bragg's loss is estimated by our war department as 
follows: Killed 2,389; wounded 13,412; missing 2,003; 
total 17,804. However, we believe that 20,950 is more 
nearly correct. It is given on authority of Henry M. Cist,' 
Captain and Assistant Adjutant General on the staff of Gen- 
eral Thomas. General Bragg'' in his report of the battle 
says : 

1— Vol. 2;), Part 3, War Records, page 771. 

2— Campaigns of the Civil war — The Army of the Cumberland. 

3 — Vol. 30, Part 2, War Records, page ia. 



I08 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



Our loss was in proportion to the prolonged and obstinate stru-^jgle. 
Two-fifths of our gallant troops had fallen, and the number of general 
and staff officers stricken down will best show how these troops were led. 

The Confederate General D. H. Hill, in an article in 
the Century Magazine April, 1887, on Chickamauga, the 
great battle of the west, says: 

It is difficult to make a correct estimate of the casualties on the 
Confederate side, as so many official papers were never published. 

The greater loss of the rebels is partially accounted 
for by their being the attacking force, the Union army 
being on the defensive, and on the second day protected 
on the Kelly farm front, and at Poe field by rude barri- 
cades hastily thrown together from material at hand. 

The claim is made with great force that history will 
record it as a fact that the success or failure of the rebel- 
lion rested on the issue of this battle in the mountains 
about Chattanooga. The Confederate General Loring 
says of the campaign for Chattanooga: 

We would gladly have exchanged a dozen of our previous vic- 
tories for that one failure. * * No man in the South felt that you had 
accomplished anything until Chattanooga fell. * * It was the closed 
doorway to the interior of our country. * * The fall of Chattanooga, 
and the subsequent total defeat of General Bragg's efforts to recover it, 
caused us to experience for the first time a diminution of confidence as 
to the final result. 

The Confederate General Hindman. of this battle, says: 

Bragg's success would have resulted in the recognition of the Con- 
federacy by foreign powers, and the reopening of our blockaded sea- 
ports. Chattanooga would have been regained. * * I have never 
known Federal troops to fight so well. It is just to say, also, I never saw 
Confederate soldiers fight better. 

The Confederate General D. H. Hill, in his contribu- 
tion to war history, says: 

It seems to me that the dan of the Southern soldier was never 
seen after Chickamauga; that brilliant dash which had distinguished 
him was gone forever. He fought stoutly to the last, but after Chicka- 



CHICKAMAUGA, SEPTEMBER 20, 1 863. IO9 

mauga with the sullenness of despair and without the enthusiasm of 
hope. That "barren victory" sealed the fate of the Southern Confederacy. 

Thomas had again saved the Army of the Cumberland 
when defeat meant its destruction and the possible success 
of the Confederacy. 

Chickamauga was the bloodiest battle of the Rebellion. 
The percentage of loss was greater than in any other great 
battle of the war. A few instances will be cited. Preston's 
division, in the assault on Snodgrass Hill Sunday evening, 
lost over 30 per cent, in an hour; Gracie's brigade in the 
same charge lost over 35 per cent.; Longstreet's wing of 
the army lost 44 per cent, nearly all of it within two hours 
on Sunday afternoon at Snodgrass Hill; Brannan's loss was 
38 per cent. ; V'anDerveer's loss about 50 per cent. These 
losses are given for comparison with some of the greatest 
and bloodiest battles in history. In the bloody battles of 
Marengo and Austerlitz Napoleon lost an average of 14 per 
cent. In the battle of Wagram Napoleon lost but 13 per 
cent. In the Franco-Prussian war, ending at Sedan in 
1870, the average loss of both armies was only 9 per cent. 
The loss of the light brigade at Balaklava, celebrated in 
song and story, was 37 per cent. The average loss to both 
sides at Chickamauga was over 33 per cent, of the num- 
ber engaged. 

Was Chickamauga a useless slaughter.'' Chattanooga 
had been in our possession for ten days. General-in-Chief 
Halleck,' in a letter to Major-General Grant, Louisville, 
Kentucky, dated October 20, 1863, in speaking of Rose- 
crans' campaign to secure Chattanooga and east Tennessee, 
says: 

When the latter had gained possession of Chattanooga he was 
directed not to move on Rome as he proposed, but simply to hold the 
mountain passes so as to prevent the ingress of the rebels into east Ten- 
nessee. That object accomplished, I considered the campaign as ended 
at least for the present. Future operations would depend upon the 
ascertained strength and movements of the enemy. 

1 — Vol. '■)}. j)iirt I, Ciiirespondence. War Records, pa^re tWi . 



no SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 

A past master in the art of war says: 

Military science teaches that battles are only to be fought for some 
important object; that success must be rendered reasonably certain, if 
possible; the more certain the better; that if the result is reasonably un- 
certain, battle is only to be sought when very serious disadvantage must 
result from a failure to fight or when the advantage of a possible victory 
far outweighs the consequences of probable defeat. These rules suppose 
that war has a higher object than mere bloodshed and military history 
points for study and commendation to campaigns which have been con- 
ducted over a large field of operation with important results and without 
a single general engagement. 

Rosecrans, disregarding the orders of the war office at 
Washington, the protests of his great lieutenant, General 
Thomas, and the rules of military science, pushed on for 
Rome, and Chickamauga made a bloody page in our his- 
tory. The butcher's bill was large; the loss of material 
was heavy, and — well Chattanooga was held. 

It is fitting that this chapter should close with the fol- 
lowing letter of Edwin M. Stanton,^ the great war secretary: 

Louisville, Ky., October 21, 1863, 11 A. M. 
(Received 2:40 P. M.) 
Hon. p. H. Watson, Assistant Secretary of War: 

General Grant reached Nashville safely yesterday, I have dispatch 
from him stating that he will go on to Stevenson to-day, and thence to 
Chattanooga, as fast as possible. He is in communication with General 
Burnside. 

Generals Garfield and Steedman are here on their way home. Their 
representations of the incidents of the battle of Chickamauga more than 
confirm the worst that has reached us from other sources as to the con- 
duct of the commanding general, and the great credit that is due to 
General Thomas. 

I expect to leave for home to-morrow, having completed all the 
arrangements in regard to railroad management and transportation. I 
will not make as quick time returning as I did coming here. 

Edwin M. Stanton, 

Secretary of War. 

1 — Vol. 31, part 1, Reports and Correspondence, War Records, page 684. 



CHICKAMAUGA, SEPTEMBER 20, 1 863. 



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CHICKAMAUGA, SEPTJiMBER 20, I 863. I I9 



EXPLANATORY NOTES OF MAP ON OPPOSITE PAGE. 



1st Position: Eist of LaFayette road, southeast of Brotherton house, 
September 19th to 4:30 P. M. 

2d Position: On slope south of Dyer house and west of the Glenn-Kelly 
road, from 5 P. M. to 6:30 P. M., September 19th, moving thence to 

3d Position: West of Lafayette road, opposite Poe field, from dark, Sep- 
tember 19th, till 1 P. M., September 20th, changing front to 

4th Position: In timber between the north end of Poe field and the south 
end of Kelly held, from 1 P. M. to 5:30 P. M., September 20, 1863. 

5th Position (detachment King's brigade —Sixty-eighth and One Hundred 
and First Indiana): About 60 yards northwest of tower on Snodgrass 
Hill, from 7:30 P. M. to 9 P. M., September 20, 1863. 

B. — Brotherton house. M. — Mullis house. 

D.— Uyer house. Poe — Poe field. 

G. — Widow Glenn's. P — Poe house. 

K. — Kelly house. S. — Snodgrass house. 

Kelly— Kelly field. N. V.— Nitre vats and tanyard. 

E. A. K.— Colonel King's shell monument, southeast corner Kelly field. 

T.— Turchin's brigade, 3 P. M., September 19, 1863. 

W. 1— VVillich's brigade, 4:30 P. M. to 5:30 P. M., September 20th. 

W. 2— Willich's brigade, on ridge west of the Mullis house, about 6:30 
P. M., September 20th; on left and north of W. 2, facing east, were 
the Seventy-fifth Indiana and One Hundred and Fifth Ohio, of King's 
brigade. 

K. T.— Turchin's and King's brigades at time of charge on Liddell's left, 
Sunday about 6 P. M. 

Arrow— Route taken by Sixty-eighth and One Hundred and First Indiana 
from Snodgrass Hill to McFarland's Gap. 

7— Line of Hazen's brigade, northeast of Snodgrass Hill, September 20th. 

8— Line of Harker's brigade, northeast of Snodgrass Hill, September 20th. 

19 Bat.— Position of Nineteenth Indiana Battery at 5:30 P. M., Septem- 
ber 20th. 

Star— General Thomas' headquarters at Snodgrass Hill, September 20th. 

The route of King's brigade after leaving Kelly field at 5:30 P. M., 
September 20th, was northward until near McDonald field; thence west- 
ward toward the Mullis house; upon arriving near it, the Sixty-eighth 
and One Hundred and First Indiana were detached and proceeded south- 
ward, reporting at General Thomas' headquarters just at the last firing 
upon Snodgrass Hill at about 7:.30 P. M., taking position on the hill directly 
after the last firing; the other regiments of the brigade and Nineteenth 
Battery taking position on the ridge northwest of the Mullis house, and 
north of Willich's position. 



CHAPTER VIII, 



OCCUPATION OF CHATTANOOGA. 

The curtain of night had fallen, closing the grim work 
of that ever memorable Sabbath. Thomas spent the night 
placing his war-worn troops in position to hold Chatta- 
nooga. Rations were supplied, ammunition was furnished, 
and at dawn of day the Union army was in line near Ross- 
ville Gap covering the two roads south. Our line extended 
from a spur of Missionary Ridge, south of Rossville, west- 
ward toward Lookout Mountain. We remained in line of 
battle-during the 21st. The enemy in our immediate front 
were quiet. The sound of heavy guns in the distance 
reached us from our* left rear, probably from General 
Minty, who was on the east side of Missionary Ridge, by 
order of General Thomas, slowly retiring, contesting every 
foot of the way toward Rossville Gap. 

During the night of the 21st the Union army retired, 
without any loss, to the line of defences in and about Chat- 
tanooga. In the early morning of the 22nd, after two days 
of trial at Chickamauga, the hardest fought battle in the his- 
tory of the present war, a field from which were driven, not 
to return, Generals Rosecrans, McCook, Crittenden and 
Sheridan, Thomas rode into Chattanooga with the rear 
guard of his faithful soldiers. Cheers from the throats of 
twenty thousand soldiers who had followed their defeated 
generals into Chattanooga on Sunday re-echoed from the 
mountains and hills in honor of Thomas and his faithful 
legions. This acclaim by thousands of soldiers was their 



OCCUPATION OF CHATTANOOGA. 121 



tribute to a general of whom it can be truly said, as of no 
other general in our war or in any other, that he never 
made a mistake; that he was never defeated in battle; that 
he was never relieved from command. The army began to 
intrench itself upon the hills upon which the city was built. 
The steady work with pick and shovel went on for several 
days, and fortifications were strengthened and the place 
made impregnable to assault. Our lines were beyond the 
reach of the guns of the enemy on Missionary Ridge. 

The Sixty-eighth Indiana, upon reaching Fort Negley 
€arly in the morning of the 22nd, was assigned a position 
•on its right and rear and commenced immediately to in- 
trench, the ground not having been broken. Fort Negley 
had been started, but not finished, by the rebels. The 
line of intrenchments was laid out by General St. Clair 
Morton, chief engineer of the Army of the Cumberland. 
He was mounted, and walked his horse slowly, followed by 
men who drove stakes in the wake of the horse. This line 
included the lunette for two guns about one hundred yards 
on our right. Our men had only fairly got to work when 
the Sixty-eighth and One Hundred and First Indiana Regi- 
ments were ordered out to the left front beyond Fort Negley. 
It was here in the afternoon that these regiments encoun- 
tered an attack by the forces of the rebel general Forrest, 
which is known to those engaged as the battle of the rail 
pile, there being a large pile of rails which was used as a 
shelter from musketry fire. It was a warm place, and for 
a time placed our boys in the position of a man holding a 
wolf by the ears, "dangerous to hold on, and more so to 
let go." Not until the enemy brought artillery to bear on 
that pile of rails could our men see their way clear to let 
go. It was a spirited engagement and we lost several men 
killed and wounded. 

On October 5 the enemy, from an advanced position 
on the plains between our line of defences and Missionary 
Ridge, shelled us during the entire day. The enemy, from 



122 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 

a position on the side of Lookout Mountain, threw shells 
at us nearly every night, at intervals of half an hour, dur- 
ing our stay at Fort Negley. October 1 1 the Sixty-eighth 
Indiana was transferred to the First Brigade (Willich's), 
Third Division (Wood), Fourth Army Corps (Gordon 
Granger), and on the 15th moved from Fort Negley to 
Fort Wood, on the east line of our works, the right of our 
regiment extending to near the ditch of the fort on its 
north side, which position we occupied until November 23. " 

This transfer separated the Sixty-eighth Indiana from 
the brave men of the Second Brigade, with whom it had 
marched from Murfreesboro and been tried in the hot fur- 
nace of v^ar at Chickamauga, but we found in our new 
companions gallant soldiers from the west, — Illinois, Indi- 
ana, Ohio, Kansas and Wisconsin, — by whose side we 
went through the storm of battle at Missionary Ridge, 
where we lost 82 men out of the 205 in our regiment, and 
shared the exposures and privations of the midwinter cam- 
pain in East Tennessee and on the French Broad river, 
against Longstreet, from November 28, 1 863, to April, 1 864. 

Bragg determined to invest Chattanooga and starve 
our army into surrender. He sent a brigade to the top of 
Lookout Mountain, which cut off communications by rail- 
road and river. The Army of the Cumberland had rations 
to last until October i, and was at once placed on half 
rations, a fraction that was still further reduced until one 
cracker a day to each soldier was issued. Supplies had to 
be hauled over rough and muddy roads from Bridgeport, 
subject to frequent raids of the enemy's cavalry. The de- 
struction of hundreds of wagons and capture of animals 
nearly proved fatal to our army. The roads grew worse, 
and starvation of animals greatly reduced their power. 
The number of wagons and weight of load grew less each 
trip. The artillery horses were entirely deprived of feed 
and died in large numbers daily. The poor animals, tied 
to a long rope, would stand until exhausted and fall to rise 
no more. Over 10,000 animals were lost by starvation. 




CAPTAIN JOHN C. HICKS. 



OCCUPATION OF CHATTANOOGA, 1 23 

The situation was becoming critical. On October 2 
the Confederate cavalry, about 2,000 strong, made a raid 
upon our line of supply north of the river and attacked a 
train about 10 A. M. at foot of Walden's ridge, capturing 
500 train guards, and destroying 300 wagons. This placed 
the enemy in temporary possession of the roads over the 
mountains and Walden's ridge, which, with the forces at 
Lookout commanding the river roads and railroad, cut the 
Union army off from its base of supplies at Bridgeport and 
Stevenson. General Hooker, with the Eleventh and 
Twelfth Army Corps from the Army of the Potomac, 
16,000 men with artillery and transportation, was trans- 
ferred by railroad, in eight days, under direction of the 
great railway king, Thomas A. Scott, to middle Tennes- 
see, in the vicinity of Bridgeport, the advance arriving 
September 30. October 16, by General Order No. 337, 
War Department, Washington, the Departments of the 
Ohio, of the Cumberland and of the Tennessee were con- 
stituted the Military Division of the Mississippi, and Major- 
General U. S. Grant placed in command. 

The following orders were issued by General Grant:^ 

Special Orders, Headquarters Division of the Mississippi, 

No. 1. Louisville, October 20, 1863. 

Major-General Rosecrans and 
Major-General Thomas, 

Chattanooga: 

Maj-Gen.W. S. Rosecrans having been relieved from the command 
of the Department of the Cumberland, by direction of the President of 
the United States, per General Order No. 337, of October 16. 1863, Major- 
General Thomas is hereby assigned to the command, and will at once 
assume its duties. General Rosecrans will turn over all books, papers, 
maps, and other property pertaining to the command to Major-General 
Thomas. All staff officers, except the aides-de-camp authorized by law, 
now on duty with General Rosecrans, will report to General Thomas for 
assignment as soon as relieved. General Rosecrans will proceed to Cm- 
cinnati, Ohio, and report to the adjutant-general of the army, by letter, for 
orders. 

By order of Major-General Grant: Ely S. Parker, 

Assistant Adjutant-General. 

1 — Vol. 31, part 1, War Records, page f!69. 



124 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 

Followed by General Order No. 243/ Department of 
the Cumberland. 

General Orders, Headquarters Department of the Cumberland, 

No. 243. Chattanooga, Tenn,, October 20, 1863- 

In obedience to the orders of the President of the United 'States, the 
undersigned hereby assumes command of the Department and Army of 
the Cumberland. 

In assuming control of this army, so long and ably commanded by 
Major-General Rosecrans. the undersigned confidently relies upon the 
hearty co-operation of every officer and soldier of the Army of the Cum- 
berland to enable him to perform the arduous duties devolved upon him. 

The officers on duty in the various departments of the staff at these 
headquarters will continue in their respective places. 

All orders heretofore published for the government of this army will 
remain in force until further orders. George H. Thomas, 

Major-General, U. S. Volunteers. 

The scarcity of food, clothing and supplies of all kinds 
in the Army of the Cumberland made it necessary that 
relief be furnished quickly. The situation cannot be better 
described than is set out in the following correspondence 
between Generals Grant and Thomas:"- 

Loi-isviLLE, October 19, 1863, 11:30 P. M. 
Major-General Thomas: 

Hold Chattanooga at all hazards. I will be there as soon as possible. 
Please inform me how long your present supplies will last, and the pros- 
pect for keeping them up. U. S. Grant, 

Major-General. 

Chattanooga, Tenn., October 19, 1863. 
Major-General Grant: 

Two hundred and four thousand, four hundred and sixty two rations 
in store-house; ninety thousand to arrive to-morrow, and all the trains 
were loaded which had arrived at Bridgeport up to the 16th — probably 
three hundred wagons. I will hold the town till we starve. 

George H. Thomas, 

Major-General. 

Oa the night of October 28-29 the battle of Wau- 
hatchie was fought by General Hooker with Longstreet's 

1 — Vol. ."il, part 1, War Records, page 6H9. 
2 — Vol. 30, part 4, War Records, page 479. 



OCCUPATION OF CHATTANOOGA. 1 25 

troops, for reopening of the Tennessee river and our line of 
supplies, ending in a decisive victory for the Union troops, 
inflicting on the enemy a loss of 828 men, with one brigade 
(Benning's) not reported. Longstreet evacuated Lookout 
valley. It was now too late for Bragg to strike a serious 
blow at our line of supplies and the safety of the Army of 
the Cumberland was assured. Food for the men and for- 
age for the animals came in slowly, followed by general 
stores of all kinds. Re-enforcements were at hand. Gen- 
eral Hooker had reported in person to General Thomas. 
As he entered the office of the department commander, he 
said: "Well, Thomas, I have opened your d — n cracker 
line. \\'hat next .' " His army of 16,000 men lay in Lookout 
valley, in easy striking distance. Sherman, with parts of 
the Fifteenth and Seventeenth Army Corps, was drawing 
near, and on the i8th of November the head of his col- 
umns debouched into Lookout valley. The Union army 
was no longer on the defensive. General Longstreet had 
.been detached from Bragg's army early in November and 
was moving on Burnside's army at Knoxville. The defeat 
of Burnside meant the loss of East Tennessee, a disaster 
that Grant and Thomas were desirous of averting if possi- 
ble. Sherman arrived at Athens on November 5th, and 
could not possibly reach Chattanooga for fourteen days. 
Charles A. Dana, ^ assistant secretary of war, was, during 
November, 1863, m Chattanooga, and made daily reports 
of the matters of interest occurring in the Army of the 
Cumberland and the plans of Generals Grant and Thomas. 
On November 5th, 11 A. M., he telegraphed Edwin M. 
Stanton : 

Grant and Thomas considering plan proposed by W. F. Smith 
(chief engineer Army of the Cumberland 1 to advance our pickets on 
the left to Citico creek, about a mile in front of the position they have 
occupied from the first, and to threaten the seizure of the northwest ex- 
tremity of Missionary Ridge. This, taken in connection with our present 
demonstration in Lookout valley, will compel them to concentrate and 
come back from Burnside to fight here. 

1— VoK 31, part 2, War Records, pa^e oT. 



126 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



This plan of General Smith's was only a threat to 
seize the northwest end of Missionary Ridge, and not to 
bring on a general engagement. 

On November 7. 1863, 10 A. M., Mr. Dana^ tele- 
graphed Mr. Stanton the reports of a rebel deserter, Sec- 
ond Lieutenant A. C. A. Huntington, Company E, Eighth 
Georgia Infantry (a northern man, who had lived in Georgia 
before the war, and was forced into the service), to the 
effect that Longstreet's corps was on the way to Knoxville, 
and that Bragg had subject to his orders 90,000 men, saying: 

Before receiving this information Grant had ordered Thomas to 
execute the movement on Citico creek, vk'hich I reported on the 5th, as 
proposed by Smith. Thomas, who rather preferred an attempt on Look- 
out Mountain, desired to postpone the operation until Sherman should 
come up, but Grant has decided that for the sake of Burnside the attack 
must be made at once; and I presume the advance on Citico will take 
place tomorrow morning, and that on Missionary Ridge immediately 
afterwards. If successful, this operation will divide Bragg's forces in 
Chattanooga valley from those in the valley of the Chickamauga, and 
will compel him either to retreat, leaving the railroad communications of 
Cheatham and Longstreet exposed, or else to fight a battle with his 
diminished forces. 

General Grant's' order of November 7th to General 
Thomas contains the following: 

I deem the best movement to attract the enemy to be an attack on 
the northern end of Missionary Ridge with all the force you can bring to 
bear against it, and, when that is carried, to threaten, and even attack if 
possible, the enemy's line of communication between Dalton and Cleve- 
land. Rations should be ready to issue a sufficiency to last four days 
the moment Missionary Ridge is in our possession— rations to be carried 
in haversacks. Where there are not horses to move the artillery, mules 
must be taken from the teams or horses from ambulances, or, if neces- 
sary, officers dismounted and their horses taken. * * This movement 
should not be made one moment later than tomorrow morning. 

This was a radical change from the plan of the chief 
engineer, who proposed only to threaten the seizure of the 
northwest end of Missionary Ridge. General Grant ordered 
Thomas to "attack the enemy" by carrying the ridge, and 

1 -Vol. 31, part 2, War Records, page 58. •2-Vol. 31, part 3, War Records, page 73. 




LIEUTENANT MOSES A. CULVER. 



OCCUPATION OF CHATTANOOGA. 1 27 



then "to threaten and even attack, if possible," their lines 
of communication; in other words, bring on a general 
engagement. 

It should not be forgotten that 18 days after this, 
November 25, Sherman, with over 25,000 men, in six first 
class divisions, failed to carry this same point of Missionary 
Ridge, after Bragg's force had been further reduced by the 
dispatch of Buckner's forces to the aid of Longstreet in 
East Tennessee, and Thomas with four divisions was in line 
at Orchard Knob, threatening Bragg's center, and Hooker 
with about 9,000 men was driving in Bragg's left flank. 

On November 7 Thomas had only 18,000 men with 
which to carry out the order of Grant, which was imposs- 
ible for Sherman to execute with a larger force and under 
more favorable conditions. 

On November 8, at 11 A. M., Mr. Dana^ advised the 
secretary of war as follows: 

Reconnaissance of Citico creek and head of Missionary Ridge 
made yesterday by Thomas, Smith and Brannan, from the heights oppo- 
site on the north of^the Tennessee proved Smith's plan of attack imprac- 
ticable. The creek and country are wrongly laid down on our maps, 
and no operation for the seizure of Missionary Ridge can be undertaken 
with the force which Thomas can now command for the purpose. That 
force cannot by any efforts be made to exceed 18,000 men. The defi- 
ciency of animals, forage and subsistence rendering any attack by us on 
Bragg's line of communications at Cleveland or CharFeston out of the 
question, it follows that no important effort for the relief of Burnside can 
be made. 

From General Grant's- official report the following 
extract is made: 

Directions were given for a movement against Missionary Ridge, 
with a view to carrying it * * * of which I informed Burnside by 
telegraph on the 7th of November. After a thorough reconnaissance of 
the ground, however, it was deemed utterly impracticable to make the 
move until Sherman could get up, because of the inadequacy of our 
forces and the condition of the animals then at Chattanooga, and I was 
forced to leave Burnside for the present to contend against superior 

1 — Vol. 31, part 2, War Records, page 58. 
2— Vol. 31, part 2, War Records, page 2!). 



128 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



forces of the enemy until the arrival of Sherman with his men and means 
of transportation. In the meantime reconnaissances were made and 
plans matured for operations. 

In November, 1885, 22 years later, in the Century 
Magazine, General Grant says: 

• On the 7th, before Longstreet could possibly have reached Knox- 
ville, I ordered Thomas peremptorily to attack the enemy's right, so as 
to force the return of the troops that had gone up the valley. I directed 
him to take mules, officers' horses, or anmials, wherever he could get 
them, to move the necessary artillery. But he persisted in the declara- 
tion that he could not move a single piece of artillery, and could not see 
how he could possibly comply with the order. Nothing was left to be 
done but to answer Washington dispatches as best I could, urge Sher- 
man forward, although he was making every effort to get forward, and 
encourage Burnside to hold on. 

The official papers prove beyond a doubt that the 
credit of the order of November 7, to attack the enemy on 
the northern end of Missionary Ridge, is due to General 
Grant, and that his statement in the Coitury, made 22 
years thereafter, is inconsistent with the facts shown by 
his report made at the time, and unjust to the memory of 
that peerless soldier, George H. Thomas. 

General Grant prepared his second and last order for 
battle on the i8th, before the arrival of Sherman's troops, 
as follows: 

November 18, 1863. 
Maj. Gen. George H. Thomas : 

All preparations should be made for attacking the enemy's position 
on Missionary Ridge by Saturday at daylight. Not being provided with 
maps giving names of roads, spurs of the mountains, and other places, 
such definite instructions can not be given as might be desirable. How- 
ever, the general plan, you understand, is for Sherman, with the force 
brought with him, strengthened by a division from your command, to 
effect a crossing of the Tennessee river just below the mouth of Chicka- 
mauga, his crossing to be protected by artillery from the heights on the 
north bank of the river (to be located by your chief of artillery), and to 
secure the heights from the northern extremity to about the railroad tun- 
nel before the enemy can concentrate against him. You will co-operate 
with Sherman. The troops in Chattanooga valley should be well concen- 
trated on your left flank, leaving only the necessary force to defend fort- 



OCCUPATION OF CHATTANOOGA. 1 29 



ifications on the right and center, and a movable column of one division 
in readiness to move wherever ordered. This division should show itself 
as threateningly as possible on the most practicable line for making an 
attack up the valley. Your effort then will be to form a junction with 
Sherman, making your advance well toward the northern end of Mission- 
ary Ridge, and moving as near simultaneously with him as possible. 
The junction once formed, and the ridge carried, communications will 
be at once established between the two armies by roads on the south 
bank of the river. Further movements will then depend on those of the 
enemy. 

Lookout \'alley, I think, will be easily held by Geary's division 
and what troops you may still have there belonging to the old Army of 
the Cumberland. Howard's corps can then be held in readiness to act 
either with you at Chattanooga, or with Sherman. It should be marched 
on Friday night to a position on the north side of the river, not lower 
down than the first pontoon bridge, and there held in readiness for such 
orders as may become necessary. All these troops will be provided with 
two days' cooked rations in haversacks and one hundred rounds of ammu- 
nition on the person of each infantry soldier. Special care should be 
taken by all officers to see that ammunition is not wasted or unneces- 
sarily fired away. You will call on the engineer department for such 
preparations as you may deem necessary for carrying your infantry and 
artillery over the creek. U. S. Grant, 

Major-General. 

A careful j:eading of this order clearly discloses the 
following plan of operation. Sherman was to cross the 
Tennessee river on the night of the 23rd with one brigade 
in boats, landing just below the mouth of South Chicka- 
mauga creek, these troops to be used at the bridge to be 
thrown across the river for the crossing of his army. One 
division of his army (Osterhaus' ) was to march up Lookout 
valley on our extreme right, in plain view of the enemy, 
and under cover of night cross to the north side of the 
river at Brown's Ferry and join the main body of Sher- 
man's army when the bridge was being laid. The follow- 
ing morning Howard's corps was to cross from the north 
side of the river at Chattanooga, causing the enemy to be- 
lieve it was Osterhaus' division. Hooker with a small 
force was to hold Lookout valley and threaten Lookout 
Mountain at its extreme northern point. Sherman was to 
turn Bragg s right flank on Missionary Ridge. Thomas 



I3C SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



was to co-operate with Sherman by concentrating troops 
in Chattanooga valley on the left, leaving a sufficient force 
to defend the fortifications on his right and center, with 
one division to move wherever ordered; and to effect a 
junction with Sherman and advance on the left, and, the 
Ridge carried, further movements to depend upon those of 
the enemy. The Eleventh Corps to be held to act either 
with Sherman or Thomas as might be deemed necessary. 
The assistant secretary of war,^ on the i8th, at 3 
P. M., sent the following dispatch to the secretary of war: 

Chattanooga, November 18, 1863, 3 P. M. 
The plan for attacking Bragg's positions is completed and its exe- 
cution begun by moving Ewing's division, of Sherman's army, from 
Bridgeport to Trenton, where it should arrive to-day, threatening the 
enemy by Stevens' Gap. The remainder of that army will move into 
Lookout valley by way of Whiteside's, extending its lines up the valley 
toward Trenton as if to repeat the flanking movement of Rosecrans. 
Having drawn the enemy's attention to that quarter, Sherman will dis- 
appear on Thursday night and encamp his forces behind the ridge of 
hills north of the Tennessee, opposite to Chattanooga, and keep them 
there out of sight of the rebels during Friday. On Friday night Engineer 
Smith will throw a bridge across the river just below the mouth of 
Chickamauga creek, fo that on Saturday morning Sherman's command 
may be across before daylight, if possible. With the creek protecting 
his left flank, he will push for the head of Missionary Ridge. His force 
will consist of about 15,000 muskets of his own army, Jeff. Uavis' division, 
of the Fourteenth Corps, about 7,000 strong, and the Eleventh Corps, 
5,000 strong. At least such is now Grant's intention as regards the com- 
position of Sherman's wing of the attack. At the same time that this wing 
advances, Granger, with about eighteen thousand men, will first move up 
on the left of the Chattanooga lines, throwing two bridges across Citico 
creek, and engaging the rebel right with all possible vigor. Hooker, 
with Geary's division and two brigades of Palmer's division, now stationed 
at Whiteside's and Shellmound— and to be relieved for this purpose by 
forces thrown forward by Slocum from the garrisons on the Nashville 
railroad— will also attack the head of Lookout Mountain to hold the 
rebel left in its position, and, if practicable, carry the mountain. 

Deserters from the rebels, of whom about twenty come in daily, 
report they are expecting an attack, but think it will be made directly 
upon the front of lines here. C. A. Dana. 

Hon. E. M. Stanton, Secretary of War. 

1— Vol. 31. part 2, War Kecords, page CO. 




CAPTAIN L. V. C. LYNN. 



OCCUPATION OF CHATTANOOGA. 131 



Followed on the 20th, at 1:30 P. M., to-wit:^ 

Chattanooga, November 20, 1863, 1:30 P. M. 

The attacking force from within Thomas' lines is to consist of the 
three divisions of Wood, Sheridan and Baird. The first two move 
directly across Citico creek to join Sherman, if possible, while Baird 
makes a feint against the enemy's center, and covers the right flank of 
the moving column. That flank is also covered by the fire of twelve 20 
and 30-pounder rifled guns in the forts on our left and center. Howard's 
corps is ordered to march immediately into Chattanooga, that he may be 
seen by the enemy and lead the latter to believe all the troops moving 
through Lookout valley are coming here. Whether Howard's forces are 
needed to support Sherman's or Granger's column in the battle to- 
morrow, it appears that they can reach their destination more promptly 
by moving on this side of the river rather than on the north side. To 
move artillery, Granger borrows horses from Sherman, horses here being 
disabled. q A. Dana. 

Hon. E. M. Stanton, Secretary of War. 

These dispatches are given as of great weight in show- 
ing the facts of Grant's plans of battle, for the overthrow 
of Bragg's army, and the relief of Burnside at Knoxville. 
A careful study of these " orders of battle " by General 
Grant, and the dispatches of the assistant secretary of war, 
explaining them to his chief, tend to show that reports of 
battles, written afterward, often describe plans that were 
not thought of at the opening of the battle, but arranged 
to fit what actually occurred. 

General Thomas,- in his report of the battle, referring 
to the plan of November 18, said : 

The original plan of operations was somewhat modified to meet and 
take the best advantage of emergencies, which necessitated material 
modifications of that plan. It is believed, however, that the original 
plan, had it been carried out, could not possibly have led to more suc- 
cessful results. 

This statement of General Thomas is controlling, and 
shows that the battle of Missionary Ridge was not fought 
as planned by General Grant. 

1 — Vol. 31, part 2, War Records, page 62. 
2— Vol. 31, part 2, War Records, page 90. 



132 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 

The failure to attack the enemy on Saturday, Novem- 
ber 2 1, was due to the inability of Sherman's troops to 
arrive at the position assigned to them. The delay was 
unavoidable. 

On the 20th, Bragg,^ under a flag of truce, sent in the 
following letter : 

Headquarters Army of the Tennessee, 

On the Field, November 20, 1863. 

Major-General U. S. Grant, Commanding U. S. forces at Chattanooga : 

General : As there may still be some non-combatants in Chatta- 
nooga, I deem it proper to notify you that prudence would dictate their 
early withdrawal. I am, General, very respectfully, your obedient ser- 
vant, Braxton Bragg, General Commanding. 

Every one felt that the hour was about to strike when 
Bragg would be attacked. The health of the army was good, 
and there was an air of confidence among the men. All 
were ready and impatient for the word " forward." 

Veterans from the Army of the Potomac and the Army 
of the Tennessee were touching elbows with those of the 
Army of the Cumberland. Sherman, with the Army of 
the Tennessee, strengthened by a division from the Four 
teenth Army Corps, was on the left with 27,000 men; 
Hooker was on the right in Lookout Valley with over 
9,000 men; Thomas was in the center with four divisions, 
with his great battle lieutenants, Granger, Sheridan and 
Wood. For over a week the opposing armies had cheered 
defiance to each other from hill to hill, their bands had 
contested for supremacy, filling the air with the melody of 
"Yankee Doodle" and "Dixie." Two thin picket lines of 
blue and gray, only a few rods apart, less than one thous- 
and two hundred feet in our front, circle around us from 
the river to the foot of Lookout Mountain. To the east 
and northeast you see Missionary Ridge, running to the 
southwest, its side almost denuded of trees, and adorned 
with three lines of rifle pits, filled with men in gray. To 

1— Vol. 31, part 2, War Records, page 32. 



OCCUPATION OF CHATTANOOGA. I 33 

the right a valley, across which lay the lines of the enemy, 
and still further to the right looms Lookout, grand and 
frowning, whose craggy heights are held by more men in 
gray. To the west you see Moccasin Point and Cameron 
Hill, occupied by heavy guns, around which cluster men in 
blue. To the northward across the river rises Walden's 
ridge, running north along the Tennessee, completing the 
circuit. 

In this grand amphitheater lay the Union army, ex- 
pectant and anxiously awaiting the bugle call that should 
sound the advance, to avenge our loss at Chickamauga. 



CHAPTER IX. 



BATTLES OF CHATTANOOGA — ORCHARD KNOB. 

Sabbath night, November 22, 1863, settled peacefully 
over the beleaguered city; our pickets tramped their silent 
beats, parallel to and near the pickets in gray. Sentries 
walked the Union camp lines. A full moon cast her radi- 
ant light, slightly veiled in mist, over the landscape and 
camps of sleeping thousands, in splendor gorgeous beyond 
description. Sixty thousand men in blue were sleeping 
near their arms, with three days rations in haversacks, 
and one hundred rounds of ammunition. All was 
wrapped in peace and quiet, when from Fort Wood comes 
the first bugle call of reveille, quickly followed by countless 
other reveille from camps in valley to the south and right. 
The echoes are re-echoed from the mountain side and 
faintly die away in the distance, when, from the crest of 
Missionary Ridge and the rugged heights of Lookout, the 
bugles in the camps of the enemy are heard sounding 
reveille for the men in gray. It is a glorious scene: 
a panorama of war never to be forgotten by the sol- 
diers of that grand army of Grant, Thomas, Sherman 
and Hooker. Again is heard the shrill blast of a bugle 
at Fort Wood, which put in motion the divisions of 
Sheridan and Wood. The three brigades of Wood's di- 
vision were formed on the slope on southern side of Fort 
Wood, in the following order: Hazen's brigade on the 
right, Willich's on the left in two lines, the first line 
deployed, the second in double column, closed en masse; 



BATTLES OF CHATTANOOGA — ORCHARD KNOB. I 35 

Beatty's brigade in double column, closed en masse; ready 
to deploy to the front, or deploy faced to the right, was 
held in reserve in rear of Willich's left. Sheridan's division 
was in position as support in rear of Wood's right flank. 

Baird's division (Third), Fourteenth Army Corps, was 
ordered to display its force near the Rossville road, on 
Sheridan's right, strongly threatening attack, but to avoid 
becoming seriously engaged. This division was not engaged 
during the day, except to drive in the enemy's pickets 
and suffered no loss. 

At 1:30 P. M. the bugle's ringing notes set the 
columns in motion toward Orchard Knob, a steep knoll 
about two thousand yards east of Fort Wood, the outer 
line of the enemy's works. The skirmishers advanced, 
firing. The enemy's pickets discharged their guns and fled 
to the main guards, who in turn retreated to the line at 
the Knob. From the woods and intrenchments at Orchard 
Knob came rifle shots. The fallen forms of dead and 
wounded men in blue dotted the line of our advance. The 
rifle-pits of the_enemy are ablaze with musketry fire. Can- 
non on the cliff were hurling shot and shell at the advanc- 
ing columns. The great guns in Fort Wood were throw- 
ing shells over the heads of our troops. The glistening of 
rifles, the flash of sabres in the bright sunlight, the burst- 
ing of shells, and the gleam of battle flags above the col- 
umn formed a moving picture of grandeur never surpassed. 
Forward, steadily onward, pressed the lines of blue. 
Orchard Knob is reached, Willich's men going up its rough 
sides at a double-quick, until the crest was won, and the 
Confederate regiment defending it, the Twenty-eighth Ala- 
bama, with its flag and two hundred men, was swept down 
to our right and rear as prisoners of war. The enemy were 
"on the run" to their line of intrenchments at the base of 
Missionary Ridge. With the exception of the firing of 
artillery, kept up from Missionary Ridge and Fort Wood 
until nightfall, the fighting for the day was closed. The 



136 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 

loss in Wood's division was: Killed, 32; wounded, 165; 
missing, none. Sheridan's division, none. This spectac- 
ular assault was witnessed by Generals Grant, Thomas, 
Granger, Hunter and Meigs from the ramparts of Fort 
Wood. 

General Granger soon joined Wood's division at Or- 
chard Knob. A portion of Beatty's brigade was brought 
forward and placed in the rif]e-pils on left of Willich. 
General Thomas ordered that the position taken be held 
and intrenched. The fortifications of the enemy were 
quickly turned to face the other way. 

The Eleventh Army Corps was placed in position on 
Wood's left. The night of the 23rd was spent in intrench- 
ing and on Tuesday morning, the 24th, a line of rifle-pits 
and barricades was completed, and Bridge's battery in 
position on Orchard Knob. The formation of our brigade 
in this assault is best described by General Willich^ in his 
report, wherein he says: 

Formation of the brigade: Eighth Kansas, Colonel Martin com- 
manding, in front as skirmishers. First line, Fifteenth Ohio, Lieuten- 
ant-Colonel Askew commanding, on the right; Forty-ninth Ohio, Major 
Gray commanding; Twenty-fifth Illmois, Colonel Nodine commanding; 
Thirty-fifth Illinois, Lieutenant-Colonel Chandler commanding. Second 
line. Thirty-second Indiana, Colonel Erdelmeyer commanding, on the 
right; Eighty-ninth Illinois, Lieutenant-Colonel Williams commanding; 
Sixty-eighth Indiana, Lieutenant-Colonel Espy commanding; Fifteenth 
Wisconsm, Captain Gordon commanding. The first line deployed in 
line of battle, the second line in double column on the center, closed en 
masse. 

The following words of praise by General Willich, in 
same report, are given: 

Only a short time before this engagement the Eighth Kansas, Sixty- 
eighth Indiana, Twenty-fifth Illinois, Thirty-fifth Illinois and Fifteenth 
Wisconsin had been attached to my old brigade. The splendid advance 
of the skirmish line of the Eighth Kansas, the steady and determined 
pressmgonof the other regiments, established at once between them and 
the old regiments of my brigade a feeling of companionship, of mutual 

1— Vol. 31. ysLTt 2, War Records, page 2ti3 



BATTLES OF CHATTANOOGA — ORCHARD KNOB. I 37 



confidence, which became apparent two days later, in the storming of 
Missionary Ridge. 

At the close of the day, November 23, the center of 
our army had advanced two thousand yards, and held the 
outer lines of fortifications of the enemy, who were driven 
to their line of intrenchments at the base of Missionary 
Ridge. This was only a ''demonstration'' by the Army 
of the Cumberland, made by order of General Grant. 

General Sherman, in his memoirs at Page 362, Vol. I, 
speaking of his arrival at Chattanooga on November 14, 
and a conversation had with General Grant the next day, 
says : 

He (Grant) also explained the situation of affairs generally; that the 
mules and horses of Thomas" army were so starved that they could not 
haul his guns; that forage, corn and provisions were so scarce that the 
men in hunger stole the few grains of corn that were given to favorite 
horses; that the men of Thomas' army had been so demoralized by the 
battle of Chickamauga that he feared they could not be got out of their 
trenches to assume the offensive. * * * The Army of the Cumberland 
had so long been in the trenches that he wanted my troops to hurry up, 
to take the offensive first; after which, he had no doubt, the Cumberland 
army would fight well. 

The Army of the Tennessee was to teach the Army of 
the Cumberland how to fight; to give an object lesson to 
the men of Mill Springs, Shiloh, Perryville, Stone river and 
Chickamauga. The Army of the Cumberland was simply 
to make " demonstrations.'' The Army of the Tennessee 
was to do the fighting and reap the glory. 

Sherman, with three divisions from the Army of the Ten- 
nessee and one division from the Armyof the Cumberland, was 
lying behind thehills on the north side of the Tennessee river, 
nearly opposite the m.outh of South Chickamauga creek, 
ready to cross the river and make a lodgement at the north- 
ern extremity of Missionary Ridge, lapping Bragg's right 
nearly two miles. 

Hooker, with Cruft's division (First) of Fourth Corps; 
Geary's (Second) of Twelfth Corps; Osterhaus' (First), 



138 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 

Fifteenth Corps; Battery K, First Ohio, and Battery I, 
First New York, of the Eleventh Corps; a part of the Sec- 
ond Kentucky Cavalry and Company K, Fifteenth Illinois 
Cavalry, making an aggregate force of 9,681, was in Look- 
out valley ready to make a demonstration on the point of 
Lookout Mountain the following morning, and take the 
point of Lookout Mountain if the demonstration should 
develop its practicability. 

The movement of our troops in the valley on the 23d 
from right to center, and from center to left was observed 
by the enemy. General Bragg anticipating an attack on 
his right moved Walker's entire division of Hardee's corps 
from Lookout Mountain to his right during the night of 
the 23d. 



BATTLES OF CHATTANOOGA ORCHARD KNOB. 



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CHAPTER X. 



LOOKOUT MOUNTAIN. 

It had rained all night, followed by a day of mist and 
rain. In the morning the rebel pickets were in sight. Our 
position in the center was held firmly. Cannonading from 
the forts on our line was heavy and continuous. The guns 
in Fort Wood were throwing shells in the enemy's works 
on Missionary Ridge. At daylight Sherman had crossed 
two divisions, about 8,000 men, and was on the east or 
south bank of the Tennessee, on our left, near the northern 
end of Missionary Ridge. General O. O. Howard, at the 
head of three regiments of Bushbeck's brigade, Second 
Division, Eleventh Army Corps, left his position on Wood's 
left and marched up the river and joined Sherman. By 
noon three divisions of the Army of the Tennessee had 
crossed the river with horses and artillery, and at i 
P. M. advanced in three columns in ccJielon^ Morgan L. 
Smith's division in front toward Missionary Ridge, and 
without losing a man occupied and fortified a detached 
range north and west of its north point, instead of occupy- 
ing the latter, as had been intended. A light skirmish 
closed the work on Sherman's front for the day. The 
position of General Sherman at this time is best described 
by himself in his report^ wherein he says of the movement 
on the 24th: 

We soon gained the foot hills; our skirmishers crept up the face of 
the hill, followed by their supports, and at 3:30 P. M. we had gained, 

1— Vol. 31, part 2, War Records, page 573. 






7mMrm^(y, 



LOOKOUT MOUNTAIN. I4I 

with no loss, the desired point; * * * but we found ourselves on two 
high points, with a deep depression between us and the one immediately 
over the tunnel, which was my chief objective point. 

Hooker's forces were astir early. At 10 o'clock in the 
morning the roar of artillery came from the valley west of 
Lookout, the roar of cannons echoed and re-echoed from 
point to point, sounding like intermingled thunder in a 
great storm beyond the mountain. General Geary's divi- 
sion crossed Lookout creek, capturing the pickets and rifle 
pits of the enemy along the base and at the point, but 
1,700 feet above the river loomed the grand mountain, its 
precipitous slopes furrowed by deep chasms and lined with 
great rocks, to the palisades, over 100 feet high to the 
crest. The enemy contested every foot of the ground, 
but at II A. M. the right of our lines had reached the 
palisades, the left reaching down to the valley on 
the west. 

Hooker threw all his force forward and fighting was 
furious, the enemy giving away slowly and stubbornly. 
The guns on the mountain top were useless except to make 
a noise. Our batteries on Moccasin point were hurling shot 
and shell on the mountain side. A heavy mist hung over 
the valley and a fog enveloped the mountain, except for 
one hour from 11 A. M. to 12 M. About 12 M, from Fort 
Wood we caught a glimpse of lines of gray retreating slowly 
before lines of blue around the point of the mountain, on the 
slope reaching from the foot of the palisades down to the river. 
Hooker was taking Lookout. A mighty shout went up from 
the Army of the Cumberland in the valley. Soon appeared 
General Honker, riding a white horse close upon the charg- 
ing columns, which soon reached and halted in the works 
of the enemy near the Craven's house, forming a line 
extending from the palisades to the mouth of Chattanooga 
creek in the valley on east side of mountain. This was 
about 4 P. M. General Carlin's brigade, of Johnson's 
division of the Fourteenth Corps, by order of General 



142 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 

Thomas, was put in motion and joined Hooker on the 
mountain side, and took position on his right at the base of 
the paHsades. About lo P. M. .there came a furious 
onslaught of the enemy on Carlin's line, which was met and 
repulsed. The flashes of the rifles gleaming through the 
night like fire flies showed the location of the troops. 

During the night, beginning at 7 P. M., and in the 
early morning of the 25th, the forces on Lookout Mountain, 
Stevenson's division of Hardee's corps, commanded by 
Brigadier-General J. C. Brown, were withdrawn, and were 
rapidly moved to the extreme right of the rebel line, Cum- 
ings' brigade arriving and reporting to General Cleburne 
about 2 P. M. on the 25th. It was this movement to the 
right by the enemy from early morn to noon of the 25th, 
by the road on the summit of the Ridge in plain view 
of our army in the center, that caused General Grant 
to judge that" Bragg weakened his center to resist Sher- 
man. The war records show that Bragg did not weaken 
his center. 

At night fall the skies cleared, and a full moon cast 
its light over that battle scene. The camp fires of our 
troops lighted up the side of Lookout Mountain, from the 
palisades to the valley on our right. The lights of the 
Army of the Tennessee, from the hills to our left, were 
reflected in the waters of the river. The watch-fires of 
the enemy crowned the crest of Missionary Ridge five hun- 
dred feet above the plain. The resplendent moonlight re- 
flected threatening lights from bayonets and cast grim 
shadows from the heavy guns of the enemy. A glorious 
scene, fadeless in the memories of the soldiers of the 
republic, who were actors in the tragic drama of raising 
the siege of Chattanooga. 

The Confederate force on the mountain was about 
4,000 men. The force under command of General Hooker 
was 9,681. The advantage of position was in favor of the 
force on the mountain, who, in addition to the natural 



LOOKOUT MOUNTAIN. 143 



defenses, had earthworks, rifle pits, and abattis to resist 
attack from the valley on either side. 

The losses of the enemy that day were 1,940 prison- 
ers; 125 killed, 300 wounded left on the field, 3,000 stand 
of arms, 2 pieces of artillery and ammunition, 5 battle 
flags, and 2,000 small arms scattered over the field and all 
the camp equipage of three brigades, and 20,000 rations. 

Hooker had made a dcvionstration as ordered, and 
had taken Lookout; Sherman was on the right flank of 
Bragg's army. Thomas was on his front and center. 
What of the morrow } 



CHAPTER XI. 



MISSIONARY RIDGE, NOVEMBER 25, 1 863. 

" Then gather round my comrades 
And hear a soldier tell 
How full of honor was the day 
When every man did well." 

The morning of November 25 was clear and bright. 
In the early dawn the Star Spangled Banner was seen 
floating from the crest of Lookout. Our armies were soon 
in motion. Sherman was at work at first break of day, 
and General Grant seeing the advance of John E. Smith's 
division, Seventeenth Army Corps, ordered that re-enforce- 
ments be sent to Sherman, and Baird's division. Fourteenth 
Army Corps, was sent to him by General Thomas; but 
there being no room for it in line with Sherman, it returned 
and was placed in position on left of Wood's division, 
Granger's corps, about 2:30 P. M. The Eleventh Corps, 
General Howard, had joined Sherman at noon. On our 
right Hooker's forces were leaving the mountain side and 
closing in on Missionary Ridge on Bragg's left, with orders 
from General Thomas to carry Rossville Gap. From Fort 
Wood and Orchard Knob could be plainly seen the fighting 
by the Army of the Tennessee, in its attempt to take the 
tunnel and turn Bragg's right. The railroad, after passing 
the tunnel, ran in a northeasterly direction to the Chicka- 
mauga, crossing a bridge guarded by the Confederate Gen- 
eral Polk. This bridge, important to the enemy, was 
seriously threatened by General Sherman, who from a 



MISSIONARY RIDGE, NOVEMBER 25, 1 863. 1 45 

fortified position on a detached range about twelve hundred 
yards northwest of the tunnel kept his artillery playing 
upon the enemy at the tunnel, and on the railroad north- 
east, until about lo A. M., while the troops on his left 
were engaged in a heavy skirmish with the enemy. About 
II A. M., General John E. Smith's division advanced on 
the tunnel, and a serious battle was begun by a charge on 
Swett's Confederate battery in position on the hill over the 
tunnel. After heavy fighting, and getting within forty 
yards of the battery, our troops were repulsed with heavy 
loss. Our lines were reformed, and about i P. M. the 
most serious fight of the day on our left began with a 
charge upon the enemy in position over the tunnel. This 
attack lasted one hour and a half, when the enemy, re-en- 
forced by Cumming's brigade of Stevenson's division and; 
Maney's brigade of Walker's division, Hardee's corps, from 
Lookout Mountain, made a charge upon our troops, driving 
them down the hill and nearly across the plain, capturing 
a number of prisoners and eight stand of colors, among 
them those of the Twenty-seventh Pennsylvania and the 
Ninety-third Illinois. Quartermaster-General M. C. Meigs,' 
U. S. A., who saw this attack and repulse, in a report to 
the secretary of war, said: 

Sherman sent an assault against Bragg's right, intrenched on a 
high knob, next to that on which Sherman himself lay fortified. This 
assault was gallantly made, reached the edge of the crest, held its 
ground for what seemed to me an hour, but was then bloodily repulsed 
by reserves. 

General Cleburne,'^ of FJardee's corps, who was in 
command of the enemy's forces at the tunnel, in his re- 
port says: 

It is but justice for me to state that the brunt of this long day's 
fight was borne by Smith's (Texas) brigade, and the Second, Fifteenth 
and Twenty-fourth Arkansas (consolidated), of Govan's brigade, together 
with Swett's and Key's batteries. The remainder of my division was only 

1 — Vol. 31, part 3, War Records, page 77. 
2— Vol. 31, part 2. War Records, page 752. 

10 



146 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



engaged in heavy skirmishing. The final charge was paritcipated in and 
successful through the timely appearance and gallant assistance of the 
regiments of Cumming's and Maney's brigades, before mentioned. 
* * * Soon after the final defeat of the enemy in front of Smith's 
^position, I received a dispatch from General Hardee to send to the center 
all the troops I could spare, as the enemy were pressing us in that quarter. 

General Sherman now commenced a heavy artillery 
fire on tunnel hill from the detached hill north, under 
cover of which his troops in the valley began to fortify. It 
was at this critical time that the following dispatches were 
transmitted and received by signal corps: 

Mission Ridge Station, 

November 25, 1863, 12:45 P. M. 
Major-General Grant:* 

Where is Thomas? Sherman, 

Major-General. 

Orchard Knob, 

November 25, 1863, 1 P. M. 

Major-General Sherman:' 

I am here. My right is closing in from Lookout Mountain towards 

Missionary Ridge. 

George H. Thomas, 

Major-General. 

At I P. M. Hooker reported to Thomas: 

I have been delayed preparing crossing at Chattanooga creek. 
Bridges are destroyed. Shall be stopped perhaps an hour. 

The bridges were completed and all of Hooker's troops 
over Chattanooga creek about 2:30 P. M., and moving to 
Rossville Gap. attacked Stewart's division, which was found 
in the breastworks thrown up by our army on its withdrawal 
from Chickamauga. His lines were driven and a large num- 
ber of prisoners captured, Osterhaus' division alone taking 
over two thousand. 

Thomas would give no order to assault the works on 
his front till one of the enemy's flanks had been turned. 
Sherman had been repulsed on the left, Hooker was ad- 

1— Vol. .31, part 2, War Records, page 41. 
2— Vel. 31, part 2, War Kecords, page 41, 



MISSIONARY RIDGE, NOVEMBER 2$, 1863. I47 



vancing on the right through Rossville Gap, turning Bragg's 
left, when from Orchard Knob, at 3:15 P. M., the boom 
of six cannon shots was heard in quick succession, and the 
Army of the Cumberland, eighteen tho.usand men, sprang 
from the trenches and rushed forward to take the ril^e pits 
at the base of the ridge. The heavy guns in Fort "Wood 
roared above the din of conflict, sending shells over our 
advancing columns, on the slope and crest of Missionary 
Ridge, one well directed shot exploded a rebel caisson on 
the crest of the ridge a short distance from Bragg's head- 
quarters. Our troops pressed forward in a hurricane of 
shells and grape from a direct and cross fire of about forty 
pieces of artillery on the crest of the ridge, and carried the 
line of rifle pits at the base of the ridge carrying out fully 
Grant's order to " carry the intrenchments at the base of 
the ridge and there halt." This was to be another 
demonstration by the Army of the Cumberland, to relieve 
Sherman, in order that he might teach the Army of the 
Cumberland how to fight. The artillery of the enemy on 
the crest of the ridge was trained upon the intrenchments 
and rifle pits at its base. To retreat was disgrace and 
great loss of life. An inspiration of courage, born of the 
pressing needs of the moment, impelled officers and men to 
go forward, and without waiting for orders, with a common 
purpose, the lines of blue began a "race for glory," and 
the storming of Missionary Ridge, with its steep and rugged 
sides, its summit crowned with artillery, spouting a volcanic 
fire of death, the flaming rifle pits on the slope and crest, 
will forever rank as one of the greatest assaults in military 
history. The crest was reached and the stars and stripes 
planted where for sixty days the flag of treason had flaunted 
its folds before us. The enemy were fleeing, panic stricken, 
before our troops. Missionary Ridge was ours. Granger's 
Corps (Fourth) was the first to crown the summit. Wood's 
division in advance. The Fourth Corps captured 30 pieces 
of artillery and 3,812 prisoners; Sheridan captured 1,762; 



148 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



Wood, 2,050. Willich's brigade of Wood's division cap- 
tured five cannon, two regimental colors and 400 prisoners. 
Brigadier-General J. M. Brannan,' chief of artillery. Depart- 
ment of the Cumberland, in his report of guns captured 
from the enemy during the engagement of the 24th and 
25th of November, says: 

By General Davis' division, at Chickamauga Station, 24-pounder guns. 2 

By General Geary's division, on Lookout Mountain, field pieces 2 

By General Osterhaus' division, on Missionary Ridge, field pieces 1 

By General Wood's division, on Missionary Ridge, field pieces 12 

By General Sheridan's division, on Missionary Ridge, field pieces 6 

By General Johnson's division, at Graysville, field pieces 4 

By General Baird's division, on Missionary Ridge, field pieces 1 

Claimed by Generals Baird and Wood, field pieces 6 

Claimed by Generals Wood and Sheridan, field pieces ^ 

Total 40 

Corporal Edwin A. Hillman, of Company C, Sixty- 
eighth Indiana, is entitled to the credit of taking one field 
gun, by shooting down one of the lead horses. 

Captain George VV. Claypool, of Company G, when 
near the crest, at the foot of a sharp raise of about 20 
feet, at an angle of about 45 degrees, was struck in the 
groin by a minie ball, which felled him to the ground, but 
struggling to his feet with the aid of a bush he kept his eye 
on the works just above him from which the enemy were 
firing. A rebel soldier was seen to leap over their works 
and alight near Captain Claypool, who seized him and held 
him firmly, and a moment or so later another landed near 
him and was grabbed by the Captain, who now had two 
rebels, one a sergeant. The ridge in his front being now 
in our possession, the Captain, using the two rebel soldiers 
for crutches — he could not use one leg — returned to his 
quarters at Fort Wood. 

I offer no apology for giving the story of Mission 
Ridge, as told by "Tom" Wood,' the first general on the 
ridge, and whose division first reached the top of the ridge: 

1 — Vol. 31, part 2, War Records, page 553. 

2— An address before the Society of the Army of tlie Cumberland, in Detroit, 1899. 




EDWIN A. HILLMAN, Company C. 



MISSIONARY RIDGE, NOVEMBER 2$, 1 863. 1 49 



Well, comrades, I am very happy to have your invitation to talk 
to you. What do you want to have me talk to you about — Mission Ridge? 
That story was laid in colors of living light years ago. * * * 

But that event was when Americans were fighting Americans. 
The most dramatic event of all the war was the assault on Mission 
Ridge, on the afternoon of November 25, 1868. I have traveled since 
that war over Europe, Asia and Africa, and I never found a military 
critic who found out I was concerned in that battle who did not want to 
hear the story. They had studied it and pronounced it the most extraor- 
dinary event in all military history, because it was absolutely prohibited 
by General Grant, who was in command of the army. I speak that be- 
cause I know it of my own knowledge. Two days before my command 
had captured Orchard Knob— we got so near that it had to be a fight or 
a footrace, and neither side was inclined for a footrace, so it was a fight. 
After the fight at Orchard Knob, I rode to the summit and signaled back 
to Thomas that we had carried the first line of the enemy's works, and 
he caid, " Hold on; don't comeback; you have got too much." The 
next day General Hooker attacked Lookout mountain. He worked up 
the sides until the shades of night fell, yet we could see our fire climb- 
ing up the mountain side, until the morning of Wednesday, the 25th of 
November, at early dawn, we saw that glorious banner, which we all 
stand up to now as it passes us, waving on the crest of Lookout mount- 
ain. Let me tell you that success was secured by the capture of Orchard 
Knob, because Bragg supposed it to be a menace to his center, and he 
immediately called away the divisions of Bates and Walker. On 
Wednesday the subsequent attack, as decided in the councils, was to be 
on the right flank of Bragg, at the north of Mission Ridge, by the Army 
of the Tennessee under Sherman; and, as I said a while ago, I can turn 
to the page of history which shows that he was driven down the north- 
eastern flank of Mission Ridge by Cheatham, Cleburne and others. 
General Grant, with whom I had lived in the same room at West Point, 
said, " Wood, Sherman's having a hard time upon that northeast flank." 
I said, "Yes, General, he does seem to be in a warm place." Grant said, 
"It does seem as if he is having a hard time, and it seems as if we ought 
to help him." I said, "Whatever you command, we will do." He said, 
"If you and Sheridan advance your divisions to the foot of the ridge, 
and there halt, I think it will menace Bragg's ''orces so as to relieve 
Sherman." He repeated for us to halt at the foot of the ridge, but not 
to attempt to go up the ridge, because all councils antecedent to this 
considered Mission Ridge too strong in the center to make the attack 
with any hope of success. • I speak with my own knowledge. He went 
immediately to General Thomas, who then called General Granger-- 
General Gordon Granger, who was then in command of the Fourth 
Army Corps— and gave the instructions to him. Granger then trans- 
mitted the orders to General Sheridan and myself, saying, " You and 
Sheridan are to advance your divisions and carry the rifle pits at the 
foot of the ridge, and there halt "—not to go farther. I then sent for my 



150 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



brigade commanders and gave them the order, so that there would be 
no misunderstanding. Johnson was at the right of Sheridan, and on my 
left was Baird, added on the suggestion of General Thomas to make the 
menace of the center more decided and pronounced, if we were suc- 
cessful in carrying the rifle pits at the foot of the ridge. 

Granger said to me, " Wood," (I had put those six guns on Orchard 
Ridge) "the signal will be the rapid firing of these six guns." I sent for 
my brigade commanders and told them the orders. The guns belched 
forth, and the echoes had not died away before these men advanced 
toward the rifle pits. I was riding immediately behind the second line of 
my division. The first line drove the Confederates out of their position, 
and it was too strong a temptation — they went on, notwithstanding the 
orders to halt. The second line arrived at the foot of the Ridge. I was 
riding immediately behind the center, my proper tactical position. The 
cry went along the line, "General, we can carry the Ridge." I said, "Can 
you do it ?" They said, "We can." I said, "Men, go ahead." I did not 
understand that I was giving an order, because I had been ordered not 
to do it. As we went up, General Joseph Fullerton (God rest his soul in 
peace— he that was our treasurer for so many years) was sent to me by 
General Grant to inquire whether I had given the order. I said, no, the 
men had started of their own accord, but I would like to know who in 
hell was (joing to stop them. In the article which General Fullerton 
wrote in the May number, 1886, of the Century Magazine, he told all of that 
and gave the very identical report, and those were the words I used. 

Ob we went, and when about three-fourths of the way up and the 
men were getting most damnably blown. General Thomas sent the ord- 
nance officer of the Army of the Cumberland at that time, and said to 
me, "Since you are committed to this attack, go on and I will send re- 
enforcements." I said, "All right, Baylor." He said, "General Wood, I 
have never been in battle before during the whole of this war. I have 
been kept at the ordnance depot in the east, and just now have got an 
opportunity to go into battle, and I want to go through this battle with 
you." I said, "All right, Baylor, join the lines and bawl as loud as you 
can bawl. The men are not going now as they did when they started at 
the base of the Ridge; I want them to think it is re-enforcements coming 
up behind them." I sent all of my personal staff out to bawl as loud as 
they could, and it did the work. 

We went up, but what I apprehended did not happen. I expected 
the rebel foes— now our Confederate brethren— would rise up, pour their 
fire into us, leap over the works, and charge us with their bayonets; and 
if they had done that, it would have swept us all back, because the men 
could not have made any resistance. 

To revert for a moment— then I will resume at the crest of the 
Ridge. Fullerton went back to Grant and reported what I had said, 
that the men had started of their own accord, and I would like to know 
who in hell was going to stop them. Grant said, "If Wood fails, by God, 
he'll pay for it." Wood did not fail. 




MAJOK-GENKKAL TH. J. WOOD, U. S. V. 



MISSIONARY RIDGE, NOVEMBER 25. 1 863. I5I 



But the Confederates did not bound over their works as they ought 
to have done (thank God they didn't, for they would have swept us down), 
and we went up and were the first troops to arrive there. With due 
deference to our comrade, General Opdyke, my division was first on the 
crest of the Ridge. 

Lieutenant-Colonel Gabriel C. Wharton,^ commanding 
the Tenth Kentucky Volunteer Infantry, in the Third Bri- 
gade (Phelps'), Third Division (Baird's), on the left of 
Wood's division, in his report of the action, said: 

The enemy were in full view in our front, in their rifle-pits at the 
foot of Mission Ridge, and in larger force on the top of the ridge be- 
yond. We were ordered at the sound of the bugle to storm these rifle- 
pits, but before the signal was sounded our skirmishers had dislodged 
the enemy and occupied their fortifications. The brigade then went for- 
ward double-quick to these works, a distance of one-fourth of a mile, 
where we were compelled to allow the men to regain strength for the 
final assault on Mission Ridge. During the ten minutes we remained in 
these works, although under a furious fire from a full battery with 
shells and spherical case-shot at easy range, the officers and men became 
wild with enthusiasm and desire to advance, although it seemed from 
there that it would be to a harvest of death; but they could see their com- 
rades in Wood's and Sheridan's divisions struggling and fighting their 
way up the hill to their right, in some places having gained the crest, in 
others almost to the top, and the flag of the Eighty-sixth Indiana proudly 
waving within twenty feet of the crest of one of the hills, its brave 
defenders unable to advance without assistance, and determined never 
to fall back. When the bugle did sound and Colonel Hays gave 
the command "forward," one wild yell went up, and forward they swept. 

General Baird,' commanding division, in his report says: 

The Second Brigade in Ime, going from my troops toward the right 
—perhaps that of Genera! Willich— may possibly have reached its point 
of aim a little before mine reached theirs, and soon after opened com- 
munication with us. The intermediate brigade came up a little later. 

These extracts confirm General Wood's statement that 
his division was first to gain the crest. 

The fiag of the Sixty-eighth Indiana was among the 
first planted on Mission Ridge. Lieutenant-Colonel Will- 

1 — Vol. 31, part 2, War Records, page 547. 
2— Vol. 31, part 2, War Records, page 509. 



152 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I, 



iam p. Chandler,^ of the Thirty-fifth Illinois Infantry, of 
Willich's brigade. Wood's division, in his report, says: 

Having advanced more rapidly than the troops on my left, and 
reaching the enemy's works considerably m advance of them, I halted 
my command and fired a volley at a heavy column of the enemy retiring 
up the ridge under cover of a battery immediately in front of my left. 
The slight resistance made by the retreating column of the enemy 
induced me to believe that a vigorous charge would succeed in silencing 
or capturing their battery, the fire from which was very rapid, but not 
destructive. Directing my color-sergeant to advance directly on the 
battery in front of my left, I ordered the regiment forward. They ad- 
vanced rapidly to within twenty steps of the enemy's works; there, being 
exposed to a very destructive fire from the enemy's infantry, the men, 
being completely exhausted by their rapid advance up the steep hill, 
were compelled to halt at that critical point. Fearing that the move- 
ment would fail, I moved in front just in time to receive the colors from 
the hands of the sixth color corporal, Preston (the color sergeant, Alex 
Hughes, and live corporals having previously been wounded), as he was 
instantly killed. 

About this time I noticed Captain Houston of the Twenty-fifth 
Illinois Volunteers, with one company of that regiment, gallantly sup- 
porting me, and also Lieutenant Mclnerny, of the Eighty-sixth Indiana 
Volunteers, urging forward his men, thus enabling us to keep up a 
deadly fire upon the enemy whenever they showed themselves above 
their embankment, until the advance of the Sixty-eighth Indiana Volun 
teers came charging up the hill to our assistance, when, calling upon the 
men to follow, I carried the fiag into the enemy's works, preceded by a 
gallant soldier of the Sixty-eighth, who was shot dead the moment he 
passed over their parapet. 

Lieutenant Mclnerny, with the advance of the Eighty-sixth Indiana 
with their flag, immediately followed, and in a few moments the colors 
of the Sixty-eighth entered on my right. During our advance up the 
hill and after entering their works, the enemy's battery immediately on 
our left was pouring ip a heavy fire, and as soon as our front was cleared 
of infantry the colors of this regiment, together with the colors of the 
Sixty-eighth and Eighty-sixth, were moved rapidly to our left and the 
men called on to follow, which they gallantly did, driving the enemy 
before them and capturing two of their cannon. 

The forces encountered by our troops on the ridge 
coming from the north were a portion of the troops of 
Generals Hardee and Cleburne, in front of Sherman, who 
had abandoned the tunnel and were making a supreme 

I— Vol. 31, part 2, War Records, page 267. 



MISSIONARY RIDGE, NOVEMBER 2$, 1 863. I 53 

effort to retrieve the disaster to their center. These troops 
were repulsed with the aid of some men of Baird's division 
who had just reached the crest. These two divisions, 
Baird's and Wood's, were engaged in a sharp fight until 
after dark. General Turchin, in command of the brigade 
on left of Baird, had taken possession of some works of the 
enemy on the ridge, in which he was attacked by a charge 
of the enemy, but repulsed them in a handsome manner, 
when they left in haste in the direction of Tunnel Hill. 
The Ridge was ours, excepting the point at Tunnel Hill 
where Sherman had been repulsed. During the night Bragg 
drew off all troops from the front of Sherman, and with his 
army retreated in disorder across the Chickamauga. 

Colonel Fox, in his work on "Losses in the American 
Civil War," says that battles are considered great in pro- 
portion to the loss of life, and that the history of a battle 
should always be studied in connection with the figures that 
show the losses. 

General Sherman in his memoirs, Vol. i, Page 247, 
speaking of the-part taken by the armies of Grant and 
Buell, in the battle of Shiloh, applies the rule laid down 
by Colonel Fox, as follows : 

Our aggregate loss, made up from official statements, shows 1,700 
killed, 7,495 wounded, and 8,022 prisoners; aggregate 12,217, of which 
2,167 were in Buell's army, leaving for that of Grant 10,050. This result 
is a fair measure of the amount of fighting done by each army. 

The records of the war of the Rebellion show an 
aggregate Union loss in the battles of Chattanooga Novem- 
ber 23, 24, 25, 1863, of 6,103, of which 1,540 were in 
Sherman's army, 1,078 in Hooker's army, 2,437 •" Grang- 
er's (Fourth) corps, and 1,048 in the Fourteenth Corps. 
Sheridan's division lost 1,346; Wood's division, 1,091. 

Sherman had six divisions; Hooker, three divisions 
and one brigade; Granger had two divisions, and the Four- 
teenth Corps two divisions. Sherman's and Hooker's 
armies were engaged two days. The two divisions of the 



154 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 

Fourteenth Corps were in position, Johnson's on the right, 
and Bairds on the left of the Fourth Corps, in the assault 
on Missionary Ridge. 

Applying the rule laid down by Colonel Fox, adopted 
by General Sherman in his discussion of the relative work 
of the armies of Grant and Buell at Shiloh, these losses 
show that Granger's corps — Sheridan's and Wood's divis- 
ions — met the greatest resistance and did the hardest 
fighting in the battle of Missionary Ridge. 

The Sixty-eighth Indiana in this assault was in the 
First Brigade (Willich's), Third Division (Wood's), 
Granger's corps, and lost in killed and wounded 5 commis- 
sioned of^cers, and 'j'j enlisted men, out of 205 swords and 
muskets in the battle, a loss of 40 per cent, in fifty-five 
minutes. 

The following extract from an official report of the 
commanding officer of the regiment made on June 2, and 
filed in adjutant-general's office, Indiana, June 6, 1865, is 
submitted : 

On the eleventh day of October the regiment was tranferred 
from Second Brigade, Fourth Division, Fourteenth Army Corps, to First 
Brigade, Third Division, Fourth Army Corps. On the 25th of November 
it took part in the battle of Missionary Ridge, lost Lieutenant John 
Reese, killed; Lieutenant-Colonel H. J. Espy, Captain George W. Clay- 
pool, Captain R. F. Patterson, Captain H. D. Moore, wounded. Total 
loss, 5 commissioned officers and 77 men. Lieutenant-Colonel Espy 
commanded until wounded, when Captain R. L. Leeson assumed com- 
mand. * * I hereby certify, on honor, that the foregoing exhibits a 
true and correct statement of the Descriptive Roll of Field and Staff 
Officers and "Historical Memoranda" of the regiment above designated; 
and that the remarks opposite each officer, regiment and company items, 
are accurate and just. * * * Station, Chattanooga, Tenn. Date June 
2, 1865. H. J. Espy, 

. Lt.-Col. Sixty-eighth Ind. V., Com. Regiment. 

Charles A. Dana,^ assistant secretary of war, who was 
present at the battle, in a dispatch to the secretary of war, 
November 26, 1863, 10 A. M., says : 

1 — Vol. 31, part 2, War Records, page 69. 



MISSIONARY RIDGE, NOVEMBER 2$, 1 863. I 55 



The storming of the ridge by our troops was one of the greatest 
miracles in military history. No man who climbs the ascent by any 
of the roads that wind along its front can believe that 18,000 men 
were moved up its broken and crumbling face unless it was his fortune 
to witness the deed. It seems as awful as a visible interposition of God. 
Neither Grant nor Thomas intended it. Their orders were to carry the 
rifle pits along the base of the ridge an^ capture their occupants, but 
when this was accomplished the unaccountable spirit of the troops bore 
them bodily up those impracticable steeps, over the bristling rifle pits on 
the crest, and the thirty cannon enfilading every gully. The order to 
storm appears to have been given simultaneously by Generals Sheridan 
and Wood, because the men were not to be held back, dangerous as the 
attempt appeared to military prudence. Besides, the generals had 
caught the inspiration of the men, and were ready themselves to untler- 
take impossibilities. 

General Grant, in his memoirs, Vol. 2, Page 80, 
speaking of this assault on Missionary Ridge, says : 

I watched their progress with intense interest. The fire along the 
rebel line was terrific. Cannon and musket balls filled the air; but the 
damage done was small in proportion to the ammunition expended. The 
pursuit continued until the crest was reached, and soon our men were 
seen climbing over the Confederate barriers at different points in front of 
both Sheridan's and Wood's divisions. 



CHAPTER XII. 



RELIEF OF KNOXVILLE MIDWINTER CAMPAIGN. 

The reverberations of the guns of Missionary Ridge 

had scarcely died away in the mountains when the follow- 

ing order was issued: 

Department Headquarters, 
Chattanooga, November 25, 1863, 12 M. (midnight.) 

Major-General Granger,! 

Missionary Ridge: 

Your dispatch of 7:15 P. M. was duly received. Please accept my 

hearty congratulations on the splendid success of your troops, and con- 

,vey to them my cordial thanks for the brilliant style in which they carried 

the enemy's works. Their conduct cannot be too highly appreciated. I 

have just seen General Grant, who desires that you make preparation to 

move up the river as soon as possible. 

George H. Thomas, 

Major-General U. S. Vols., Commanding. 

On the 26th Wood's division passed the day burying 
its dead. On the 28th, with sixty rounds of ammunition 
on each man, Sheridan's and Wood's divisions of the Fourth 
Corps, General Granger in command, began a forced march 
to relieve the beleagured garrison of Knoxville, arriving 
there on December 7, to find that the enemy had retreated. 
Those divisions had not been supplied with clothing sincJe 
the beginning of the Chattanooga campaign in August. 
Their clothing was well worn, and upon reaching Knoxville 
the outfit of many of the soldiers consisted only of an old 
blouse, worn as a shirt; a pair of pants, well worn, in 
many cases the bottoms were worn and burned off nearly 
to the knee, and the rear well ventilated; a pair of shoes, 

2— Vol. 31, part 2, War Records, page 117. 




Q. M. SERGEANT THOMAS C. SHEPPERD. 



RELIFE OF KNOXVILLE MIDWINTER CAMPAIGN. I 57 

and in many cases these were worn out; a rubber poncho, 
or woolen blanket, and a hat or cap, and no overcoats. 
Not an officer or private had a change of clothing. The 
roads were very bad, almost impassable for wagons or 
artillery. Supplies were scarce, the troops having to sub- 
sist on the country. The storms of a winter that is 
memorable as one of extreme cold had set in, and our 
troops were without shelter, thinly clad, and without suffi- 
cient food, a part of the time having to subsist on parched 
corn. The sufferings of the Continental army at Valley 
Forge was not more severe. Our troops had been on the 
march, on short rations, since August, and the privations 
suffered and hardships undergone in this winter campaign 
made serious inroads on the health of a body of men en- 
feebled by fatigue, hunger and exposure. Rheumatism, 
diarrhoea, pneumonia and typhoid fever reduced our num- 
bers rapidly. This condition prevailed all winter. The 
troops were marched and countermarched from Maryville 
to Morristown, over muddy roads, in storms of rain and 
snow, bivouacking at night on the ground by log fires with- 
out shelter. Frequent skirmishes with the enemy gave 
animation to the dreary situation. Was the "game worth 
the candle.^" Parson Brownlow, at Cincinnati, was urging 
upon the President the occupation of that country for the 
protection of the Union people there, but as a strategical 
military position it was probably of little or no value. 
General Sherman in a letter to General Grant, December 
I, 1863, says: 

That any military man should send a force into east Tennessee 
puzzles me. Burnside is there and must be relieved, but when relieved 
I want to set out, and he should come out, too. I think, of course, its 
railroads should be absolutely destroyed, its provisions eaten up or carried 
away, and all troops brought out. Cumberland Gap should be held sim- 
ply as an outpost of Kentucky, V)ut Burnside must be relieved first and 
these other things after. 

It JK'.s often been asked, why was Major-General 
Gordon Granger, with his divisions of Sheridan and Wood, 



158 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



kept in east Tennessee in the winter of 1863-4 to re-enforce 
an army superior to that of the enemy. The following 
extract from a letter of C. A. Dana, assistant secretary of 
war, to the secretary of war, dated Chattanooga, Decem- 
ber II, 1863, 12 M.: 

Grant is very angry with Granger for misconduct in the Chattanooga 
battle, 

throws a side light on the east Tennessee campaign that 
cannot fail to be of interest to the men of Wood's division. 
Granger guilty of misconduct in the Chattanooga battle! 
Wherein was he at fault? His corps was the first on the 
Ridge, and the first to receive the thanks of General 
Thomas, the "noblest Roman of them all," for gallant 
work storming Missionary Ridge. Charles A. Dana, assis- 
tant secretary of war, was present and reporting to the 
secretary of war at Washington, said: 

The storming of the Ridge was one of the greatest miracles in mil- 
itary history. 

Grants plan of battle clearly shows his purpose. Sher- 
man was to turn Bragg's right. But it wouldn't turn. 

Granger was to make a demonstration, carry the rifle 
pits along the base of the Ridge and capture the occupants, 
and there halt. 

He failed to halt. He stormed the Ridge, and made 
Grant lieutenant-general. This audacity, crowned with 
glorious success, must be punished. 

Sherman's troops, in the march to Knoxville, went to 
Maryville, twenty miles south of the city, where, learning 
of Longstreet's retreat, the head of column was turned 
toward Chattanooga. Granger, with his ill fed, poorly 
clad troops, without transportation (the mules died of 
starvation at Chattanooga during the siege), without shelter 
or medicines, must spend the winter in east Tennessee, and 
live off the country. "Grant is very angry with Granger 
for misconduct in the Chattanooga battle," furnishes a key 



RELIEF OF KNOXVILLE MIDWINTER CAMPAIGN. I 59 

to the situation. Captain Richard L. Leeson commanded 
the Sixty-eighth Indiana in this winter campaign. The 
regiment marched over six hundred miles, pursuing and 
pursued in turn, by Longstreet's forces on the French 
Broad river. Our losses in action were not heavy, the 
engagements seldom rising to the dignity of a heavy skirm- 
ish. A large number succumbed to the exposure they were 
forced to undergo. Some found their way into general 
hospital, to soon pass beyond human suffering; others to be 
discharged from the service, in many instances only to linger 
yet a little time in pain and suffering, to go the way 
appointed for all living. Our regiment was reduced below 
the maximum number of a company. In February a num- 
ber of recruits arrived. A few days' exposure was sufficient 
to send them, almost to a man, to a hospital. About this 
time many soldiers in the older regiments of our brigade 
re-enlisted as veterans, and were given a furlough, and 
those who did not re-enlist were mainly assigned to our 
regiment and replenished our depleted ranks for a few 
weeks. 

The siege of Knoxville was productive of good results 
to the Union army. It was the probable cause of defeat 
of Bragg's army at Chattanooga b}' holding Longstreet's 
corps away; and if east Tennessee was of any value to us 
it confirmed our hold upon it. The repulse of McLaw's 
division at Fort Sanders on November 30, with a loss of 
over 1,000 men, was a severe blow to the enemy. 

On March 13 our brigade went to Morristown, remain- 
ing there until the iSth, when it moved to New Market, 
thence to Strawberry Plains, where two weeks were spent 
in comparative rest. On the 6th of April our colum.ns 
were turned toward Chattanooga, where we arrived on the 
30th. Our regiment was assigned to duty at that post, 
under command of Major-General James B. Steedman, 
commanding District of the Etowah. 

This proved to be our final separation from the brave 



l60 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 

soldiers of Willich's brigade, with whom we scaled Mis- 
sionary Ridge on that bleak November afternoon and won 
fadeless glory for the arms of the Great Republic. 

We crossed Missionary Ridge at 7 A. M., going direct 
to Fort Wood, our camp during the siege, and a half hour 
later we were on the march to Fort Negley, on the south- 
ern line of defenses of the city, where we encamped with 
the Fourteenth Corps after the battle of Chickamauga till 
October 15. Our return was signalized on May i by divine 
service, led by Captain Patterson, of Company I, who had 
rejoined the regiment after an absence caused by a severe 
wound received in storming Missionary Ridge. Chatta- 
nooga had been changed into a great depot of supplies. 
Where gaunt famine mocked, plenty now reigned. A great 
army was being equipped, and stores accumulated for the 
spring campaign of 1864. General Grant had been made 
lieutenant-general, and assigned to the command of the 
armies of the United States. General Sherman, upon his 
return from Knoxville, at his own request had been sent 
to Vicksburg to carry out his plan of operating against the 
forces of Bishop Polk, who had succeeded General John- 
ston in command. He succeeded in partially destroying a 
railroad and returned safely to Vicksburg, without meeting 
the enemy in battle. 

It was the law and the practice to fill vacancies in the 
higher army commands by selection, rank or date of com- 
mission not controlling. Under this rule, upon the recom- 
mendation of Lieutenant-General Grant, General Sherman, 
was appointed commander of the Military Division of the 
Mississippi, in March, 1864, which included the Army of the 
Cumberland, commanded by Major-General Thomas, who 
was of higher rank than Sherman. 

The disappointment in the Army of the Cumberland, 
when it became known that Thomas would not command 
the army in the new campaign, was very great. General 
Gordon Granger said to General Sherman, "Sherman, it 




LIEUTENANT GEO. CARSON. 



RELIEF OF KNOXVILLE — MIDWINTER CAMPAIGN. l6l 

is a d — n shame that you were appointed to command this 
army. Thomas should have been appointed, and he is the 
best man for it. " To better enable the reader to under- 
stand this feeling^ we will consider briefly the military 
records of Sherman and Thomas. 

Sherman commanded a brigade in the first battle of 
Bull Run, after which he was sent to Kentucky to relieve 
General Anderson, but was soon relieved by order of the 
secretary of war, who pronounced him crazy for telegraph- 
ing fast and furiously to the war department for heavy re- 
enforcements, which was followed by a visit to him at 
Louisville, Kentucky, on October i8, by Secretary Came- 
ron and Adjutant-General Thomas, when he informed them 
that he should have 200,000 men to recover Kentucky. 
At that time there were less than 25,000 armed rebels in 
the state. 1 

He was sent to St. Louis to organize recruits into 
regiments, and after the battle of Fort Donelson he was 
given command of a division. He next appeared in the 
battle of Shiloh^where his troops were surprised and driven 
back. In this action he was conspicuous for his braver}'. 
In the winter of 1862-3 he was given command of three 
divisions, the right wing of the Thirteenth Army Corps, 
and with this, his first independent command, a body of 
thirty thousand men and sixty guns, in an attempt to take 
Vicksburg, he attacked the enemy on the bluffs of Chicka- 
saw, and was badly defeated and forced to withdraw with 
heavy loss. He next appeared in the siege of Vicksburg, 
as a subordinate to General Grant, where he did good 
service. We next find him hammering away at the north 
end of Missionary Ridge at Chattanooga in November. 
1863, where his command was repulsed. At the time of 
his assignment to the command of the Military Division of 

1 — Pollard says; "About the middle of September (1861) General Buckuer advanced 
with a small force of about 4,000 men, which was increased by the loth of October to 
12,000; and though other accessions of force were received, it continued at about the same 
strength until the end Of November, measles and other diseases keeping down the effec- 
ive force." 
11 



1 62 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT. I. V. 1. 

the Mississippi, he had not yet won a battle and no miHtary 
success with an independent command. 

On the other hand, let us take up the record of 
General Thomas. At the breaking out of the rebellion of 
the Southern States, he was junior major of the Second 
Cavalry, on leave of absence for one year, from November 
I, i860. His regiment, by an agreement between General 
Twiggs and the authorities of the State of Texas, had been 
disarmed and ordered out of the state. At New York City 
April 10, 1 86 1, Major Thomas received orders to take 
charge of the regiment and promptly refit it for active ser- 
vice. Was promoted lieutenant-colonel Second Cavalry 
April 25, 1 86 1, vice R. E. Lee, resigned; followed by pro- 
motion as colonel on May 3, 1861, vice A. S. Johnston, 
resigned. In June, 1861, was assigned to command of the 
First Brigade of the Army of Pennsylvania, and in July 
won a victory near Martinsburg, Virginia, and on July 3 
entered Martinsburg with his brigade in advance of the 
army, and drove in the enemy's outpost at Bunker Hill 
July 15, i86r, winning the first Union victory south of the 
Potomac. On August 17, 1861, he was appointed briga- 
dier-general of volunteers and on August 26 was ordered to 
report to Brigadier-General Robert Anderson, U. S. A., 
commanding Department of the Cumberland at Louisville, 
Kentucky, and was ordered to Camp Dick Robinson, where 
he assumed command on September 15, relieving Lieuten- 
ant William Nelson, U. S. A. On October 21 his posi- 
tion near Rock Castle Hills was attacked by Zollicoffer, 
who was beaten back with heavy loss. On November 30 
he was assigned to command of the First Division, Army 
of the Ohio. On December 31 he advanced with two bri- 
gades to unite with a brigade at Somerset, Kentucky. The 
enemy, under Major-General George Crittenden, attacked 
his advance at Logan's cross-roads at 6 A. M., January 19, 
1862. By 10 A. M. the enemy was routed, with General 
Zollicoffer killed, and fled to his intrenched camp, and 



RELIEF OF KNOXVILLE MIDWINTER CAMPAIGN. 1 63 

during the night escaped across the river, abandoning all 
his munitions of war and the personal baggage of the offi- 
cers. This is known as the battle of Mill Springs that 
broke the rebel line through Kentucky, forcing the evacua- 
tion of Bowling Green. On April 25 Thomas was appoint- 
ed major-general of volunteers. On April 30 he was trans- 
ferred with his command to the Army of the Tennessee and 
assigned to command of the right wing of the army before 
Corinth, Mississippi, consisting of the divisions of Briga- 
dier-Generals W. T. Sherman, S. H. Hurlburt, J. S. 
Davies and T. J. McKean, and his own, commanded by 
Brigadier-General T. W. Sherman. In July he joined 
the Army of the Ohio with his command and on Septem- 
ber 7 was assigned to command of Nashville by special 
orders No. 154, headquarters Department of the Ohio. 
On September 20 he joined the army at Prewitt's Knob, in 
Kentucky, and on the 21st was disposing Crittenden's and 
Wood's divisions in order of battle to attack Bragg's army, 
when it was learned the enemy was retiring. On Septem- 
ber 29 he was assigned to command of the Army of the 
Ohio, by Major-General Halleck, commandiug U. S. A., 
but declined, and the order was countermanded, and on 
September 30 he was announced as second in command of 
the Army of the Ohio. 

The Army of the Ohio became, October 24, 1862, the 
Army of the Cumberland, and was placed under command 
of Major-General William S. Rosecrans and General 
Thomas was assigned to the command of five divisions, the 
center of the Army of the Cumberland, on November 7, 
1862. We next find him at Stone river, where, after the 
right was crushed, and Sheridan, Davis and Johnson were 
driven off the field, with two divisions he formed a new 
line of battle under fire, and on the following day brought 
victory out of defeat, and saved the Army of the Cumber- 
land. We next find him at Chickamauga, where, as the 
' ' Rock of Chickamauga, " at Snodgrass Hill, he again saved 



164 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



the Army of the Cumberland; and at Chattanooga, in No- 
vember, 1863, as commander of the Army of the Cumber- 
land, after Grant's plan of battle had failed, he broke the 
Confederate lines on Missionary Ridge and drove the ene- 
my beyond the Chickamauga. 

The largest Union and rebel armies, under command 
of Generals Sherman and Johnston, respectively, that had 
ever met in battle during the Civil war were preparing for 
the clash of arms which each knew was inevitable. Thg 
Union army had an effective strength of 110,123, as fol- 
lows: The Army of the Cumberland under Major-General 
Thomas, 72,938; Army of the Tennessee, under General 
McPherson, 24,380; Army of the Ohio, under General 
Schofield, 12,805. The troops of McPherson and Scho- 
field in numbers were as re-inforcements to the Army of 
the Cumberland. The rebel army numbered 74,689. of 
which 45,000 were at Dalton at the opening of the cam- 
paign in May. 

The rebel general, John B. Hood, writing of the Chat- 
tanooga-Atlanta campaign, covering a distance of over one 
hundred miles, says there was "no action rising to ihe 
dignity of a great battle." Yet it is true that this remark- 
able campaign had more days of continuous heavy skir- 
mishing and fighting than any other campaign of the war 
with less loss for time and numbers engaged. 




REV. E. H. WOOD, Company K. 



CHAPTER XIII. 



REMINISCENCES THE MORAL AND RELIGIOUS SIDE OF THE 

SIXTY-EIGHTH INDIANA INFANTRY. 



BY REV. CO.MRADE E. H. WOOD. 



I have been requested to chronicle a brief history per- 
taining to the moral features of the Sixty-eighth Indiana 
Regiment, and with pleasure I contribute a few items, as I 
may be able to recall them to memory after a lapse of 
thirty-five years. 

An army life is not thought to be conducive to the 
highest moral^and religious improvement, and not a few at 
the time of their enlistment thought it unnecessary to make 
any special effort toward an exemplary life, but to drift 
along with the current, fall in with the ways of army cus- 
toms, be a hale fellow with his comrades, have a good 
time and when the smoke of battle was passed and the 
rebellion suppressed, they would return again to their 
peaceful avocations and resume the walks and practice of 
an upright, Godly life. 

All, however, were not of this class. The dangers sur- 
rounding the soldier in the camp, on the march, and on the 
battlefield, only impressed him with the greater necessity 
of true manhood and noble character, to stand firm for the 
right at all times and under all circumstances. 

The Sixty-eighth Regiment of Indiana Volunteers was 
composed of a variety of characters. They were not all 
angels by any means. There were some rough diamonds. 



l66 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 

and diamonds in the rough. Some who could swear with 
the most proficient in that Hne. Some who could drink 
until they would be transformed into wild men and become 
a terror to the whole camp. While a large number could 
be classed under the well behaved, or those who had de- 
cided that the career of a soldier did not mean the surren- 
der of any noble principle and hence the practice of relig- 
ious duties could be maintained. 

At the time of the organization of the regiment, August 
19, 1862, there was great excitement in the country, nnd 
it became necessary to hasten to the front to participate in 
active operations. The march, camp life and drill became 
the employment, and most of the command being new 
recruits, very little time or opportunity was given for sys- 
tematic arrangements of the soldiers' duties. 

Only for a short time was it the privilege of this regi- 
ment to have the services of a regular chaplain. Rev. 
David Monfort, of Greensburg. a minister of the Presby- 
terian church and an excellent Christian gentleman, was 
appointed to perform that service, but being of delicate 
health, he soon found army service too much for him, and 
he was compelled to resign his position after a brief serv- 
ice from December 18, 1862, to September 2, 1863. 

The moral portion of the regiment then felt they were 
thrown upon their owr> resources, and soon took decided 
steps to organize the regiment for more active service. 

Fortunately we were supplied with quite a number of 
ministers and earnest Christian workers, both among the 
officers and soldiers of the different companies, and when 
appealed to they manifested quite readily a disposition to 
show their colors and stand up for the right and for the 
best moral interests of the men of the regiment. 

After some months of army service had passed and a 
more perfect acquaintance had been established, it was 
thought best to organize a "regimental church," and such 
a society was projected, which proved to be a great sue- 



REMINISCENCES. 1 6/ 



cess and served well the purpose for which it was formed. 
Under this organization all the helps and advantages were 
afforded usual to a church at home, such as regular preach- 
ing services on Sunday when convenient, conducted by 
some member of the regiment, or by a representative of 
the Christian Commission. A Sunday-school was organ- 
ized; which enlisted great interest and kept the minds of 
many upon the study of the Bible. 

A strong, influential temperance society was instituted, 
and many were induced to sign the pledge, and thus some 
were kept from improper indulgence in the use of intoxi- 
cants and preserved from a life of dissipation. 

A lyceum, or old-fashioned debating society, was kept 
up for some time, in which the boys would assemble to- 
gether each week, where great wisdom was shown and 
much eloquence exhibited, and this afforded a happy and 
profitable pastime and broke up the monotony of camp 
life. As there were so many "shining stars " we will for- 
bear to mention names and save ourselves showing any 
partiality. 

Some, indeed, there were more zealous in their Chris- 
tian faith and practice, and finding congeniality in each 
other's society, would at the close of day, whether it had 
been a day of marching, fighting, or the regular duties of 
camp, seek some quiet retreat, and there spend a short 
time in religious conversation and prayer, and have derived 
much strength thereby to withstand the temptations they 
were liable to meet. 

It was no uncommon occurrence for prayer to be 
offered in some of the companies at evening roll call, or 
about the time "taps" were sounded to hear the words of 
prayer from some private tent, reminding one forcibly of 
the old times of Methodist camp-meetings. 

We believe, also, that moral influences were set in 
motion in some neighborhoods adjacent to the camp of the 
Sixty-eighth, while in the southland, and gospel services 



1 68 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 

were held to good effect by the boys among the mountains 
and valleys of Kentucky and Tennessee. 

At the close of the war, when our comrades were dis- 
charged, there were issued to each member of the " regi- 
mental church " a certificate in printed form of faithfulness 
and good standing to be given to the church at home, 
whether they had previously been members or not. Some 
of these are still held as souvenirs or mementoes of the 
moral triumphs during the three years as soldiers in the 
war of the Union. 

Among the localities of interest in this department of 
the history of our regiment might be mentioned " Univer- 
sity Heights," the most healthful and beautiful camp we 
ever had; Chattanooga, and the famous Block House, sit- 
uated at the north end of the bridge crossing the Tennes- 
see river at Chattanooga, at which point our regiment was 
camped for some time. 

The Block House became memorable, not only as a 
point of defence in time of danger, or attack by the enemy, 
but also as a bureau of intelligence, moral strength and in- 
fluence. 

While on a visit a few years ago to this region the 
writer noted many changes; the familiar reminders of the 
place were mostly removed. Block House and all traces 
of the old camp were effaced; a few stones of the middle 
pier of the bridge remained, while the structure itself, 
which we guarded for many months, had been replaced by 
another, and much better, one square farther up the river, 
and at the terminus of Walnut street. 

The old "regimental church," or one used for a time 
for that purpose, is worthy of special mention. Located 
in or near the camp, close by the breastworks on the south 
side of Chattanooga, it was a building o^ no small dimen- 
sions, constructed of clapboards for sides and roof, while 
the pews were of more solid material, made of railroad 
iron, the sections of which, being long and substantial. 



REMINISCENCES. 1 69 



held up by suitable braces, answered the purpose of seats; 
although not quite so comfortable as those of the home 
church, yet admirably served our purpose. Many an hour 
was here spent in worship, and in honor of the great Cap- 
tain of our salvation. No opposition was met by either 
regimental or company officers to these movements for the 
moral welfare of the regiment, and we refer in highest 
praise to their hearty sympathy in the efforts, and the en- 
thusiastic co-operation in many instances to promote the 
movement. 

After all things considered, we are firmly of the con- 
viction that for cleanliness, good behavior, high ideals of 
manhood, and downright courage in time of battle, the 
Sixty-eighth Regiment was above the average, and when 
the roll is called up yonder we expect to greet many of our 
" boys." 



CHAPTER XIV. 



THE SURGEONS DIAGNOSIS. 



BY MARION MEREDITH, M. D. 



The medical department consisted of one surgeon, two 
assistant surgeons and one hospital steward. On August 
19, 1862, John L. Wooden was commissioned and mus- 
tered as surgeon. Myron W. Harding and Lewis W. Hodg- 
kins were appointed assistant surgeons. Dr. Harding de- 
clined without reporting to the regiment. Dr. Marion 
Meredith was appointed hospital steward and joined the 
regiment at Lebanon, Kentucky, and was appointed assist- 
ant surgeon to fill the vacancy created by Dr. Harding's 
declination, his commission bearing date December 6, 1862. 
Corporal George W. Snider succeeded him as hospital 
steward. There were no changes in the medical staff dur- 
ing the term of service of the regiment. Doctors Wooden 
and Hodgkins were captured with the regiment at Mun- 
fordsville, Kentucky, in September, 1862. Dr. Meredith 
was with the sick at Lebanon Junction, Kentucky, and 
brought them back to Louisville, where he rejoined the 
regiment on its way to Indianapolis. When the regiment 
was exchanged the medical staff all went with it to the 
field. Dr. Wooden was again taken prisoner at the battle 
of Chickamauga, being in charge of our wounded on the 
field, and was sent to Libby Prison, in Richmond, where he 
remained for nearly three months, when he was exchanged 
and immediately rejoined his regiment, then in East Ten- 



THE SURGEONS DIAGNOSIS. I7I 

nessee, and was soon assigned to duty as brigade surgeon 
on staff of General August Willich. He was mustered 
out with the regiment, when he engaged in the practice of 
his profession in Greensburg, Indiana, until his death, 
which occurred November 28, 1886. Excepting a few 
months during the winter of 1864-5, when in charge of 
hospital at Dalton, Georgia, Dr. Hodgkins was constantl}' 
on duty with the regiment. He was mustered out with the 
regiment and returned to his old home in Ellsworth, 
Maine. It is not known whether or not he is living, as his 
comrades have seldom or ever heard from him during the 
years since the war. Dr. Meredith had experience in hos- 
pital practice, being at one time in charge of a hospital at 
Jasper, Tennessee, and after the battle of Chickamauga 
was placed in charge of a hospital at Chattanooga, Ten- 
nessee, and in winter of 1864-5 was in charge of a large 
hospital at Cleveland, Tennessee, where he remained until 
relieved to join his regiment for muster out of service. At 
the battle of Chickamauga he was one of the seventy sur- 
geons who volunteered to remain with the wounded in field 
hospital, but late in the evening the medical director of 
the Fourteenth Corps placed him in charge of the ambu- 
lance train, loaded with wounded, with instructions to 
reach Chattanooga, if possible, by going around the rebel 
left. He started with the train and escaped capture, ar- 
riving in Chattanooga at 4 o'clock Monday morning, Sep- 
tember 21, without loss. The train consisted of two hun- 
dred ambulances and over one thousand wounded men. At 
the close of the war he located in Vinton, Iowa, where he 
has been successful in the practice of his profession and 
business pursuits. Hospital Steward George W. Snider 
engaged in business in Indianapolis, Indiana. 



CHAPTER XV. 



ITINERARY OF THE SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT INDIANA IN 
FANTRY, AUGUST I9, 1 862, TO JUNE 20, 1865. 

Compiled from various sources, chiefly the journals 
of Comrades David S. Jones, William Bear and James 
Shera. 

August, 1862. 

5-18. Camp Logan, Greensburg, Indiana. 

19. Indianapolis. 

20-25. Louisville, Kentucky. 

26-27. Marched towards Bardstown, Kentucky. 

28-30. In camp at Bardstown, Kentucky. 

31. On march toward Lebanon, Kentucky. 

September, 1862. 

I. Arrived at Lebanon, Kentucky. 

2-5. In camp, Lebanon, Kentucky. 

6. In camp, Lebanon Junction, Kentucky. 

7. In line ot battle, nearly all day. 

8-14. In camp near Lebanon Junction, Kentucky. 
15. On train for Munfordville, Kentucky. 
16-17. BATTLE OF MUNFORDVILLE, KEN- 
TUCKY. 

18. Prisoners of war — marched south through 

Confederate army. 

19. Arrived at Cave City, Kentucky. 

20. Arrived at Bowling Green, Kentucky. 

21. Began march to the Ohio river. 

22. Arrived at Brownstown, Kentucky. 



ITINERARY. 



173 



23- 

24. 
25. 
26. 

27. 

28. 
29. 
30. 



3-27 

28 

29-31 



Marched thirty-one miles to Big Springs, 

Kentucky. 
Marched ten miles. 
Marched sixteen miles. 
Arrived at Ohio river. 
Crossed the Ohio river and marched seventeen 

miles. 
Arrived at New Albany, Indiana. 
Marched to Jeffersonville, Indiana. 
In camp at Jeffersonville, Indiana. 

October, 1862. 

On train — arrived at Indianapolis at 6 P. M. 

Parole furlough. 

At home, on furlough. 

Returned to camp at Indianapolis, Indiana. 

In parole camp. 



November, 1862. 

I- 1 7. In parole camp. 

18. Governor Morton informs us of our exchange. 

19-26. In camp, Indianapolis, Indiana. 

27. Grand review, Indianapolis, Indiana. 

28-30. In camp, Indianapolis, Indiana. 

December, 1862. 

1-29. In camp, Indianapolis, Indiana. 

30. Arrived at Louisville, Kentucky. 

31. In camp. 

January, 1863. 

1-6. In camp at Louisville, Kentucky. 

7. Marched to Portland, Kentucky. 

8. Embarked on steamers " Horizon " and "Fort 

Wayne. '" 



1/4 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 

9-18. En route to Nashville, Tennessee. 

19. Arrived at Nashville, Tennessee. 

20. Disembarked and went into camp. 
21-31. In camp. 

February, 1863. 
1-28. At Nashville, Tennessee. 

March, 1863. 
I -3 1. At Nashville, Tennessee. 

April, 1863. 

1-3. At Nashville, Tennessee. 
4. Arrived at Murfreesboro, Tennessee. 
5-19. In camp. 
20-30. On reconnaissance toward Liberty, Tennes- 
see. 

May, 1863. 

1-31. In camp, Murfreesboro, Tennessee. 

June, 1863. 
1-23. In camp. 

24. Started on Tullahoma campaign. 

25. BATTLE OF HOOVER'S GAP, TENNES- 

SEE, 24TH AND 25TH. 

26. In line of battle south of Hoover's Gap. 

27. Arrived at Manchester, Tennessee. 

28-30. Marching and skirmishing, five miles of Tulla- 
homa. 

July, 1863. 

1. Entered Tullahoma about noon. 

2. Arrived at Elk river — in camp above bridge. 

3. Moved camp below bridge. 

4. Marched to Breakfield Point, two and one-half 

miles. 



ITINERARY. 



175 



5. In camp. 

6. Moved camp one mile, fine location. 
7-10. In camp. 

1 1. Marched to Estell Springs Station. 

12-18. In camp. 

19. Joined our brigade, two miles. 

20-24. In camp. 

25. Moved camp to Decherd Station. 

26-30. In camp. 

31. Marched to foot of mountain. 



August, 1863. 

I. Marched to top of mountain; Camp University. 

2-16. In camp, University Heights, Tennessee. 

17, Marched to Battle Creek. 

18. Marched five miles down the valley. 
19-20. In camp. 

21. Marched to Jasper, Tennessee. 
22-29. In camp, Jasper, Tennessee. 

30. Si^^-com panics cross the Tennessee river on a 

reconnaissance. 

31. Six companies return to river. 

September, 1863. 

1. Remainder of regiment cross the river and 

camp at Shellmound, Tennessee. 

2. In camp. 

3. Marched till 8 P. M. and bivouacked. 

4. Crossed Raccoon Mountain to Sligo valley. 

5. Marched to Trenton, Georgia. 

6. In camp. 

7. Marched five miles to Hard Scrabble. 
8-9. In camp. 

10. Marched seven miles. 

11. Ascend Lookout Mountain. 

12. In camp near Pond Spring, Georgia. 



176 



SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



13 

14 

15 
16 

17 

18 

19-20 

21 

22 

23-30 



I-IO. 
I I. 

12-14. 

15- 
16-31. 



1-22 
23 

24 

25 
26 
27 
28 

29 
30 



Marched three miles. 

In line of battle near Pond Spring, Georgia. 

On a scout or reconnaissance. 

Skirmishing with the enemy. 

In line of battle at 3 A. M. ; detailed for picket 

duty. 
Off picket at 6 A. M. Marched all night. 
BATTLE OF CHICKAMAUGA. 
At Rossville. 
At Chattanooga; in a heavy skirmish near 

Rossville road. 
Besieged in Chattanooga. Short rations. 

October, 1863. 

In camp near Fort Negley. 
Assigned to Willich's brigade, Wood's divis- 
ion, Granger's Corps. 
In camp near Fort Negley. 
Moved camp to Fort Wood. 
In camp; very light rations. 

November, 1863. 

Beseiged in Chattanooga. 

BATTLE OF ORCHARD KNOB. 

BATTLE OF LOOKOUT MOUNTAIN. 

BATTLE OF MISSIONARY RIDGE. 

Bury our dead. 

In camp. 

Started on east Tennessee campaign. 

Arrived at Harrison, Tennessee. 

Marched twenty-two miles to Kelly's Landing. 

December, 1863. 

Marched to Hiawassee river. 

Marched twenty-four miles. 

Marched to Sweetwater, twenty-five miles. 



ITINERARY. 



177 



4- 

5-6. 
7- 



9-10. 

1 1. 

12-1 5. 

16. 

17-24. 

25. 
26-31. 



14. 

15- 
16. 

17. 
18. 

19. 
20. 
21. 

22. 

23- 
24. 

25-31- 



1-12. 

13- 

14. 

15-23- 
12 



Marched to Madisonville, twenty-four miles. 

Marched constantly. 

Marched to one and one-half miles of Knox- 

ville, Tennessee. 
Marched to Maryville, Tennessee, eighteen 

miles. 
In camp. 

Marched to Knoxville. 
In camp. 

Crossed river to Flat creek, fifteen miles. 
In camp. 

Marched to Strawberry Plains, five miles. 
In camp. 

. January, 1864. 

In camp, Strawberry Plains. 

Marched twelve miles. 

Marched to Dandridge, Tennessee. 

In line of battle all day; heavy cannonading. 

In"1ine of battle. 

On march to Strawberry Plains; attacked by 

rebel cavalry; repulse them. 
Crossed Holston river; in camp at Flat creek. 
Marched five miles and bivouacked. 
Marched through Knoxville to camp three 

miles east of city. 
In camp. 

Marched twelve miles to Pistol creek. 
Marched to Maryville, Tennessee. 
In camp Maryville. 

February, 1864. 

In camp, Maryville. 

Marched all night. 

Arrived at Knoxville, Tennessee. 

In camp; very cold. 



178 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



24. Marching to Strawberry Plains. 

25-27. In camp. 

28. Marched to New Market, ten miles. 

29. Marched to Morristown, sixteen miles. 

March, 1864. 

1. In reserve on picket line. 

2. Returning to New Market. 
3-1 1 . In camp. 

12. Marched to Panther Springs. 

13. Marched to Morristown, skirmishing in front. 

14. In line of battle, skirmishing all day. 
15-17. In camp, Morristown. 

18. Marched to New Market. 

19. Marched to Strawberry Plains. 
20-31. In camp. 

April, 1864. 

1-6. In camp. Strawberry Plains. 

7. Marched to Knoxville, twenty miles. 

8. Marched eight miles. 

9. Arrived at Lenoir's Station. 
10. Marched to Louden. 

11-12. In camp. Louden. 

13. Marched to Sweetwater. 

14. Marched to Athens. 

15. Marched to Charleston. 

16. Marched to McDonald's Station. 
17-28. In camp, McDonald's Station. 

29. Marched to Chickamauga Creek, twenty miles. 

30. Arrived at Chattanooga, at 8 A. M. 

May, 1864. 
I -3 1. In camp, Chattanooga. 

June, 1864. 

f-30. In camp, Chattanooga. 



ITINERARY. 1 79 



July, 1864. 
I -3 1. In camp, Chattanooga. 

August, 1864. 

1-13. In camp, Chattanooga. 

14. Embarked on train for Dalton, Georgia. 

15. BATTLE OF DALTON. 

16. In camp at Dalton. 

17. Started for Chattanooga by train — road de- 

stroyed at Graysville; bivouacked for the 
night. 

18. Embarked on train for Chattanooga. 
19-22. In camp, Chattanooga. 

23. Embarked on train for Charleston, Tennessee. 

24-28. In the field, under Major-General Steedman. 

29. Returned to Chattanooga. 

30-31. In camp, Chattanooga. 

September, 1864. 

1. Embarked on train for Murfreesboro, Ten- 

nessee. 

2. Marched to LaVergne, Tennessee. 

3. In camp, LaVergne. 

4. Return to Murfreesboro. 

5. Embark on cars and go to Huntsville, Ala- 

bama. 

6. On train, to Decatur and Pulaski. 

7. Marched to Athens, Alabama. 

8. Inline of battle at 3:30 A. M. ; pickets at- 

tacked. 

9-12. Skirmishing. 

13. Embark on cars for Chattanooga. 

14-25. In camp, Chattanooga. 

26. Embark on cars for Cumberland tunnel. 

27. Arrived at Cumberland tunnel. 
28-30. In camp. 



i8o 



SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



October, 1864. 

1-25. On guard duty N. & C. Railroad at various 
points; numerous skirmishes. 

26. Arrived at Chattanooga. 

27. Embarked on cars for Stevenson, Alabama. 
28-31. At Decatur, Alabama, skirmishing daily. 

November, 1864. 

I- 9. At Decatur, in daily skirmishes. 

10. Return to Chattanooga. 

1 1-12. In camp. 

13. Embark on cars and go to Calhoun, Georgia. 

14. Calhoun burned. 

15-19. In camp at Tilton. Georgia. 

20. Embark on cars and go to Dalton, Georgia. 

21. Return to Tilton, to guard men while destroy- 

ing the railroad. 
22-23. Guarding "destruction train." 

24. At Dalton, Georgia. 

25. In camp. 

26. Return to Chattanooga. 
27-28. In camp. 

29. Embark on cars, and start west. 

30. Arrive at Cowan — Hood's army five miles 

away. 

December, 1864, 

1. Arrive at Nashville, Tennessee. 

2. Advance two miles with General Steedman's 

division. 

3. Fall back to Nashville, and dig rifle pits. 

4. In breastworks. 

5. At 10 A. M. deployed as skirmishers. 

6. On a reconnoissance. 

7. In camp. 

8. Cold, ground covered with sleet. 



ITINERARY, 



I«I 



9. In camp, cold and windy, sleet. 

10. In camp. 

11. On picket, Murfreesboro pike; ground cov- 

ered with ice. 

12. In camp. 

13. In line of battle. 

14. In camp. 

15-16. BATTLE OF NASHVILLE. 

17. Pursue the enemy to Franklin, Tennessee. 

18. Marched to Triune, in pursuit of enemy. 

19. Marched seventeen miles. 

20. Arrived at Murfreesboro. 
21-23. Arrived at Stevenson, Alabama. 
24-25. Near Huntsville, Alabama. 

26. On march to Decatur, Alabama. 

27. Crossed the river on boat "Chattanooga," 

two miles above Decatur, and engaged tJu 
enemy, driving him from Decatur. 

28. Moved about two miles. 

29. On march to Courtland, Alabama. 

30. In camp at Courtland. 

31. On march to Leighton, Alabama. 

January, 1865. 

1. Arrived at Leighton, Alabama. 

2. Marching and countermarching. 
3-5. On march to Decatur, Alabama. 

6. Arrived at Decatur; very cold. 

7. In camp, Decatur. 

8. Marched to Maryville, Alabama. 
9-10, On cars en route to Chattanooga. 

II. Arrived at Chattanooga at 5 A. M. 

12-28. On duty as provost guards. 

29. On march to Athens, Tennessee, to repel an 

attack on Knoxville railroad. 

30. Return to Chattanooga. 

31. In camp. 



1 82 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



February, 1865. 

1-28. Guards to military bridge, Chattanooga. 
Camp at north end of the bridge. 
Companies I, G, H and K were detailed as 
guards to military prison. 

March. 1865. 

I -3 1. Guards to military bridge, Chattanooga. 
Camp at north end of bridge. 

MEMORANDA. 

5. River rising rapidly. 

6. Submerged camp of Sixty-eighth Indiana 

Volunteers. 
9. Returned to camp. 

April, 1865. 

1-30. Guards to military bridge, Chattanooga. 
Camp at north end of the bridge. 

MEMORANDA. 

3. Neivs of the fall of RicJimond, Virginia, 
and the flight of the rebel president, re- 
ceived. 
9. Neivs of Lee' s surrender received. 
14. Netvs of Lincoln s Assassination received. 
28. Nezvs of JoJinston s surrender received. 

May, 1865. 

1-31. Guardingmilitary bridge, Chattanooga. Camp 
at north end of bridge. 

June, 1865. 

i-io. Guardingmilitary bridge, Chattanooga. Camp 
north of the river. 



ITINERARY. 1 83 



II. Moved camp; crossed the bridge and camped 
in Chattanooga. 
12-16. Making out muster-out rolls; preparing to go 
home. 

17. Farewell address by Governor Steedman; 

started for Nashville. 

18. Arrived at Nashville at 12 M. 

19. Turned over ordnance. 

20. Mustered out; start for home. 

21-22. Enroute to Indianapolis; arrive at 1 1 A. M. ; 
furloughed for eight days. 

22-29. At home. 

30. Returned to Indianapolis; had reception; ad- 
dressed by Lieutenant-Governor Conrad 
Baker; paid off and discharged; citizens 
again. 

The period of service from the date of muster-in, 
August 19, 1862, until discharged at Indianapolis, Indiana, 
June 30, 1865, was two years, ten months and eleven days. 



CHAPTER XVI. 



CHATTANOOGA, 1 864-5 BATTLES OF DALTON, DECATUR 

AND NASHVILLE. 

The garrison of Chattanooga was composed of 7,542 
rnen, with an armament as follows: 

Fort Creighton : Eight 3-inch Rodman guns, six 
light i2-pounder guns. 

Fort Phelps : Seven 3-inch Rodman guns; three 
light i2-pounder guns. 

Battery McAloon : Four 12-pounder howitzers. 

Battery Bushnell : Two 20-pounder Parrott guns, 
two 3-inch Rodman guns. 

Lunette O'Meara : Two 3-pounder Parrott guns, six 
light 12-pounder guns. 

Redoubt Putnam : Two 4|^-inch Rodman guns, four 
12-pounder howitzers. 

Battery Erwin : Four 3-inch Rodman guns, two 12- 
pounder howitzers. 

Battery Jones: One 20-pounder Parrott gun, two 12- 
pounder howitzers, three light 12-pounder guns. 

Fort Lytle : Three 20-pounder Parrott guns, two 
light 12-pounder guns. 

Fort Crutchfield : One 4^-inch Rodman gun, two 
light 12-pounder guns. 

Fort Mihalotzy : Four 4i-inch Rodman guns, four 
3-inch Rodman guns. 

Redoubt Coolidge : Two 3-inch Rodman guns, two 
12-pounder howitzers. 



CHATTANOOGA, I 864-5 — DALTON. I 85 

Cameron Hill : Four lOO-pounder Parrott guns. 

Redoubt Carpenter : Two lOO-pounder Parrott guns, 
two 3-inch Rodman guns, two light 12-pounder guns. 

The duties of the garrison were to guard railroad 
trains with supplies to the front, protect communications 
from the attacks of the enemy, and guard large herds or 
droves of beef cattle, often numbering as many as three 
thousand, to the front. A picket line was maintained from 
the river above to the river below town, a front of over four 
miles. This required a heavy force daily. A strong guard 
was kept over the stores of ammunition, and clothing, and 
rations accumulated for the use of the army on its cam- 
paign against Atlanta. 

On Sunday, August 14, 1864, the following was 
received from Dalton, Georgia, by Major-General Steedman: 

Wheeler has demanded surrender of this post. Send re-enforce- 
ments. B. Laiboldt, Colonel commanding. 

The commander of the post of Chattanooga ordered 
the Twenty-ninth, Fifty-first, and Si.xty-eighth Indiana, 
Seventy-eighth Pennsylvania. One Hundred and Eighth 
Ohio, and Fourteenth United States Colored Regiments to 
proceed without delay by rail to Dalton. The Sixty-eighth 
Indiana, Seventy-eighth Pennsylvania and One Hundred and 
Eighth Ohio Regiments were placed under the command of 
Colonel William Sirwell. of the Seventy-eighth Pennsyl- 
vania, with instructions to move forward on Dalton as rap- 
idly as possible. At Tunnel Hill, about six miles from 
Dalton, the troops got off the cars, and marched over 
Tunnel Hill and thence along the railroad for about three 
miles with skirmishers and advance guard in front. It was 
now about 2 A. M. The command halted and remained in 
line of battle until daylight, when an advance was ordered 
by General Steedman. Colonel Sirwell threw forward an 
advance guard, and two companies (E, of the Sixty-eighth 
Indiana, and one from Seventy-eighth Pennsylvania) as 



1 86 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 

skirmishers, under command of Captain Bryant, of the Six- 
ty-eighth Indiana, which, advancing on right of the line, 
soon reached the rebel videttes. The Seventy-eighth Penn- 
sylvania was deployed as skirmishers and sent forward to 
press the enemy as hard as they could. The Sixty-eighth 
Indiana and One Hundred and Eighth Ohio Regiments 
were placed in line of battle on the right hand side of the 
road. The Fourteenth United States Colored Troops was 
placed in position on the left with one company in front as 
skirmishers. The troops moved forward, meeting the 
enemy in force, about three thousand men, driving him for 
over two miles (Martin's division. General Wheeler present, 
was completely routed) and through the town of Dalton. 
It was a spirited engagement in which the enemy were 
severely punished, leaving on the field thirty-three killed 
and tifty-seven badly wounded. Union loss, sixty-three — 
force engaged, 1.800. The Sixty-eighth Indiana lost one 
commissioned officer — Captain Charles C. Wheeler. Com- 
pany B, killed — one enlisted man, Lewis Raymond, Com- 
pany H, killed, and four wounded, three of them severel}'. 
This movement relieved the troops of Colonel Laiboldt in 
the fort, and prevented the destruction of the railroad. 

An incident connected with this engagement that will 
be recalled readily by those present was the heavy fall of 
rain during the battle. 

Our troops returned to Chattanooga, leaving the Sixty- 
eighth Indiana at Dalton until the 17th, when it em- 
barked on the cars for Chattanooga. At Graysville the 
track was found destroyed and the regiment got off the 
cars and bivouacked for the night, and the following morn- 
ing got on the cars and returned to Chattanooga. On the 
23rd the regiment again embarked with a large force of 
troops on cars for Charleston, on the East Tennessee rail- 
road, to meet the rebel general, Wheeler, who was threat- 
ening the road at that point. This force was in command 
of Major-General Steedman. Wheeler avoided battle and 



CHATTANOOGA, I 864-5 — DECHERD. I 87 

with a force of about 6,000 men moved by the way of 
Sparta, and on September i appeared near Murfreesboro, 
threatening the Nashville & Chattanooga railroad at that 
point and vicinity, and on the 3rd was within seven miles 
of Nashville, where he damaged the railroad badly. On 
September i the Sixty-eighth Indiana embarked with a 
heavy force on the cars for Murfreesboro. commanded by 
General Steedman, who, upon arriving at Stevenson, Ala- 
bama, telegraphed to General Rosseau, in command at 
Nashville, "Am here with 3,000 infantry; will reach you 
as soon as possible. Telegraph to me at Tullahoma. " 
This was the most spirited of the many attempts of the 
rebel general, Wheeler, to destroy the communications of 
our army, but ended in almost total failure to accomplish 
the object of his raid. On September 3 Steedman's 
troops formed in line of battle near Lavergne, and advanced 
against Wheeler, driving him about two miles. The Sixty- 
eighth Indiana returned to Chattanooga on September 13, 
having been at Huntsville and Athens, Alabama, for sev- 
eral days. On this excursion the regiment traveled seven 
hundred miles. 

On September 27 the regiment again embarked on 
cars at Chattanooga to protect the line of the Nashville & 
Chattanooga railroad, at that time threatened by the rebel 
general, Forrest, who was approaching it from the south. 
We arrived at Decherd on the 27th and went into quarters 
in the shanties around the fort. An attack by Forrest at 
this point was expected, and our troops remained in camp 
with accoutrements on and ready for an attack. On the 
29th were ordered to the Cumberland tunnel, where we re- 
mained until October 4, when we returned to our former 
quarters at Dechard, where we got orders to remain on 
garrison duty, and our baggage was ordered up from 
Chattanooga, arriving on October 11. Company A was 
detailed to operate a saw mill at Winchester, and contin- 
ued on that duty until October 20, when it rejoined the 



SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



regiment at Decherd, which moved by rail to Bridgeport 
that date, where it remained until the 26th, when it was 
relieved by the Fifty-first Indiana, and returned by rail to 
Chattanooga. Captain H. D. Moore, of Company K, was 
in command the greater part of the time while the regi- 
ment was at Decherd. There was a detachment of the 
Fifth Tennessee Cavalry under command of Captain Shipp 
on duty at Decherd at the time Captain Moore was in 
command. Some exciting incidents occurred during our 
stay at that place. On October 13 a detachment of fifty 
men of our regiment and twenty men of the Fifth Tennes- 
see Cavalry under command of Captain Moore went on a 
scout in search of guerrillas, mostly deserters from the 
rebel army, which infested the country. On the 14th inst. 
this detachment, while on march to Larkin's Cove, about 
8 A. M. came upon a house, and the cavalry made a dash, 
capturing three horses, one cartridge box, and a well worn 
hat. The guerrillas were at breakfast, but escaped by a 
rear door and lively sprinting to the mourttains. Going 
about five miles further our cavalry captured a guerrilla, a 
noted desperado named "Bill Ivory," taking him from a 
wagon and shooting him to death. The detachment then 
countermarched and went into camp in the dooryard of a 
wealthy rebel sympathizer, from whom it took enough 
chickens and sweet potatoes to make a square meal. The 
detachment of Fifth Tennessee Cavalry under command of 
Captain Shipp was a tough lot of dare devil outlaws. On 
the 1 6th one of them shot a negro to get a change of 
clothing, the negro having a better suit than that worn by 
the outlaw, and as he was attempting to escape was shot to 
death by a member of Company K, Sixty-eighth Indiana. 
The regiment remained in camp at Chattanooga only 
12 hours when, at i A. M., October 27, it was ordered to 
march in light order, with three days' rations and 60 rounds 
of cartridges to the man, and at 10 A. M. was on board 
cars en route for Decatur, Alabama, to join a force to resist 




CAPTAIN HANSON D. MOORE. 



CHATTANOOGA. I 864-5 — DECATUR - NASH VILLE. I 89 



the advance of tlie rebel army under (jeneral Hood, about 
40,000 stronjj. Arriving at Decatur at 2 A. M., October 
28. it moved across the river and into the breastworks, 
when Companies A, C and K were placed on duty, and the 
others lay down to get much needed rest. At daylight the 
reginient sent out skirmishers, who were soon engaged 
with the enemy, and firing, supported by artillery, was 
kept up all day and a number of prisoners taken, the Sixty- 
eighth capturing 27, including one lieutenant. The troops 
were constantly under arms and on picket line engaged 
with the enemy until November 9, when it became known 
that Hood had abandoned his intention of crossing the river 
at that point and had moved west on south side of the Ten- 
nesse river, to a point opposite Florence, and the Sixty-eighth 
was ordered to return to Chattanooga, where it arrived on 
November 10 in time to sign pay rolls, and on the 12th 
received pay to August 30, 1864. and marching orders, and 
at 7 A. M. on r^th was aboard cars on Chattanooga & 
Atlanta Railroad, arriving at Calhoun, Georgia, about 
dark. It remained near the depot until the following 
morning, when the town was destroyed by fire, and the 
regiment at i P. M. started for Tilton. Georgia, where it 
remained in quarters until the 20th, when it went to Dal- 
ton. returning on the 21st to Tilton. to guard men who 
were destroying the railroad preparatory to Sherman's 
march from Atlanta. A train with a large force was at 
work and our regiment guarded it for several miles north, 
and on the 24th went into quarters at Dalton, remaining 
there until the 26th, when it returned to Chattanooga, and 
on the 27th received marching orders, and on the 29th 
embarked on cars with force of about 5,000 men under 
General Steedman and were soon under way for Nashville, 
Tennessee, where we arrived on December i at 5 P. M., 
and on the next day, by order of Major-General Thomas, 
the force of General Steedman, including the Sixty-eighth 



I go SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 

Indiana, went into position, crossing the Nashville & 
Chattanooga Railroad, on the Rain's farm. 

On the 3d, by order of General Thomas, the troops 
of General Steedman were withdrawn from this position 
and placed on line nearer the city of Nashville, near the 
house of Major Lewis. This position was strongly forti- 
fied by our troops, and held until withdrav/n to take part 
in the battle of December 15. December 5 and 7 the 
Sixty-eighth Indiana, with the Sixth Indiana Cavalry (dis- 
mounted) and a brigade of colored troops under command 
of Colonel Thomas J. Morgan, went on a reconnaissance, 
to develop the position of the enemy in front of General 
Steedman's position. This force on both days drove the 
enemy from near the Rains farm, the Sixty-eighth taking 
seventeen prisoners on the 5th. On the eighth it rained, 
forming a heavy sleet, followed by snow, and on the i ith 
the ground was covered with ice, the weather very cold, 
which condition prevailed until the 14th, when the weather 
moderated, and by the morning of the 15th the ice having 
thawed sufficiently to enable men and animals to move, an 
attack was made upon the enemy. The Sixty-eighth 
Indiana was in brigade with Eighteenth Ohio and the Sec- 
ond Battalion, Fourteenth Army Corps, under command 
of Lieutenant-Colonel Charles H. Grosvenor, of the 
Eighteenth Ohio. This brigade and a brigade of colored 
troops under command of Colonel Thomas J. Morgan at- 
tacked the enemy's right at Ridder's Hill, between the 
Nashville and Chattanooga railroad and the Murfreesboro 
turnpike, driving in pickets, and assaulting the line of works, 
a portion of which were carried, but being exposed to a 
close and destructive fire was withdrawn, and immediately 
re-formed for an attack on a force of the enemy in earth 
works east of and near the Rain's house, which was made 
about II A. M., resulting in the capture of the works, and 
the Rain's house, which were held until the next morning. 
A portion of this command suffered severely. In the 



^^^^^^H^^^^^flpi^^^^^^H^^^H 










mM 






f.__j^Sta 



MAJOR-GENERAL JAMES B. STEEDMAN, 
U. S. V. 



CHATTANOOGA, F 864-5 — NASHVILLE. 191 



early morning, General Steedman, finding that the enemy 
had evacuated that part of the line on his front, pushed 
his troops rapidly on the Nolensville pike, driving the 
enemy's cavalry, and took up a position on the left of the 
Fourth Corps, commanded by General Thomas J. Wood, 
covering the entire left of the Union line. At i P. M. 
General Steedman 's troops, with those of General Wood, 
assaulted the enemy, who were strongly fortified on Over- 
ton's Hill. General Steedman,^ in referring to this assault, 
says: 

In this assault, although unsuccessful, the troops engaged— two bri- 
gades of General Wood's, an 1 Colonel Thompson's brigade of colored 
troops and Lieutenant-Colonel Grosvenor's brigade from my command — 
exhibited courage and steadiness that challenged the admiration of all 
who witnessed the charge. The concentrated fire of musketry and can- 
ister from the enemy's works forced them back, with severe loss. 

Immediately following this assault by Generals Steed- 
man and Wood, the commands of Generals Smith and 
Schofield and General Wilson's cavalry (dismounted) 
moved against the enemy's works in their front. Generals 
Smith and SchoJield carrying them and breaking his lines 
in many places, and capturing all the artillery in their front, 
and thousands of prisoners; and General Wilson, striking 
him in reverse, gained the Granny White pike, cutting off 
his retreat by that route. Steedman's and Wood's troops 
by this time renewed the assault on the enemy's right at 
Overton's Hill, which was met by a heavy fire, but the 
charge was successful, the enemy flying in confusion, leav- 
ing his artillery and many prisoners in the hands of the 
victors. The enemy was closely pursued until darkness 
closed the day's work, when our troops (Steedman's) biv- 
ouacked near Brentwood. The pursuit was continued on 
the 17th until dark and again renewed on the 'i 8th. On 
the 17th Steedman's troops moved from Brentwood on the 
Wilson pike to a point about four miles south of Brent- 
wood, thence to Franklin where they bivouacked for the 

1 — Vol. 45, part 1, War Records, page 505. 



192 SIXTY EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 

night and on the i8th nicjved across the river about three 
miles beyond Franklin, when they returned to Franklin and 
marched to Murfreesboro to go by rail to Decatur, but 
owing to delay on the part of the railroad authorities, did 
not get started until the 22d, and rraching the mouth of 
Limestone river on the 26th, found rations which had been 
forwarded from Chattanooga for the command. On 
December 27 moved down the river to a point three 
miles above Decatur, where a landing was made, and 
preparations made to cross a lagoon. The weather 
was cold and the water was covered with thin ice. The 
Sixty-eighth was ordered to wade the lagoon, which was 
done by stripping off clothing and carrying it in a bundle on 
the point of the bayonet. While crossing, a member of 
Company G stumbled and falling, dropped his clothing and 
could not recover it, and upon landing, reported to Captain 
Claypool, who informed him that he was sorry for him but 
had no clothing for him, and knew of no clothing store in 
that vicinity, and he would have to get along as well as he 
could. This soldier clad in nature's garb, without even 
so much as a tig leaf, remained with the command, but 
the following morning he reported to his captain prop- 
erly clad in the uniform of the United States. Upon 
inquiry it developed that he had, during the night, 
borrowed an outfit from a sleeping soldier of the Sixty- 
eighth New York. If ever petit larceny was justifiable 
that was an occasion for clemency. 

On the 28th our command moved out about three 
mdes on the road to Courtland, and on the 29th went into 
camp about 5 P. M. about four miles from Courtland. On 
the 30th moved to Courtland and went into camp on south 
side of the town on Big Nance creek, the cavalry going on 
to Leighton, thirteen miles west of Courtland. The cavalry 
imder command of Colonel Palmer of the Fifteenth Penn- 
sylvania Cavalry, destroyed Hood's pontoon train and a 
supply train of i 10 wagons. In this expedition Colonel 



CHATTANOOGA, I 864-5 NASHVILLE. IpJ 

Palmer's command destroyed nearly 400 waggons, captured 
a large supply of arms, two pieces of artillery, about 200 
mules, and many prisoners, including 13 commissioned offi- 
cers. The Sixty-eighth was in support of Colonel Pal- 
mer's cavalry. On January 4 General Steedman returned 
to Chattanooga on transports with the artillery and sick 
of his command, leaving General Cruft to return with the 
infantry by rail. Ths Sixty-eighth Indiana at M irysville 
on January 9 shipped by rail for Chattanooga, arriving on 
the I I th at 5 A. M. 

The battle of Nashville was the most complete vic- 
tory for the Union arms achieved during the war, the army 
of General Hood, which on November 21 amounted to 
34,785 men, as reported by the rebel general, Beauregard, 
commanding Military Division of the West, being crushed 
and almost annihilated — in the words of General Thomas, 
"finally sent fiying, dismayed and disordered, whence it 
came, impelled by the instinct of self preservation" — with 
a loss of 13,189 prisoners, including 7 general officers, and 
nearly i.ooo other officers of all grades, 72 pieces of ser- 
viceable artillery, and over 8,000 killed and wounded, 
including 12 general officers, from November 29. to De- 
cember 20, 1864. The destruction of Hood's army was a 
crushing blow to the Confederate government. 

On December 1, 1864, Lieutenant-General Grant was 
at City Point, Virginia, with an army greatly superior in 
numbers and equipment to that of his adversary. G^meral 
Lee, whose army numbered about 57, 120' of all arms pres- 
ent for duty. Sherman was on his march to the sea with 
the Fourteenth, Fifteenth, Seventeenth, and Twentieth 
Army Corps, and one division of cavalry under command of 
Kilpatrick, a total effective force of all arms of 62.204^ 
men. of whom General Sherman in his memoirs says : 

The most extraordinary efforts had been made to purge this army 
of non-combatants and sick men, for we knew well that there was to be no 

1— Vol. <2, Part 3, War Records, pp. 1236-7. 
2— Sherman's Memoirs, Vol. 2, p. 172. 
13 



194 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V, I. 

place of safety save with the army itself; our wagons were loaded with 
ammunition, provisions and forage, and we could ill afford to haul even 
sick men in the ambulances, so that all on this exhibit may be assumed 
to have been able bodied, experienced soldiers ; well armed, well 
equipped and provided, as far as human foresight could, with all the 
essentials of life, strength and vigorous action. 

We here have the strange spectacle of two great armies, 
Sherman's and Hood's, marching in opposite directions, 
after a six-months ineffectual struggle to destroy each other. 
General Thomas was assigned to the duty of meeting Hood's 
army, and given the Fourth and Twenty-third Army Corps, 
about 20,000 men, partially supplied with transportation, as 
a nucleus for an army, to be organized from quartermaster's 
employes, dismounted cavalry, and raw troops coming for- 
ward to take the places of veterans being discharged, to 
confront the veterans of Hood's army. 

About December i, General Grant at City Point 
became solicitous about the movements of Hood's army, 
which had just suffered a reverse at Franklin, but was 
threatening Nashville and an invasion of Kentucky, and in 
his anxiety sent the following dispatch: 

City Point, Va., December 2, 1864—10 P. M. 
(Received 10:45 P. M.) 
Maj.-Gen. H. W. Halleck,! 

Washmgton, D. C: 
Is it not possible now to send re-enforcements to Thomas from 
Hooker's department? If there are new troops, organized State militia, 
or anything that can go, now is the time to annihilate Hood's army. Gov- 
ernor Bramlette might put from 5,000 to 10,000 horsemen into the field to 
serve only to the end of the campaign. I believe if he was asked he 
would do so. U. S. Grant, 

Lieutenant-General. 

followed by one to General Thomas as follows: 

City Point, Va., December 2, 1864—1:30 P. M. 
Major-General Thomas, 2 

Nashville, Tennessee: 
With your citizen employes armed, you can move out of Nashville 
with all your army and force the enemy to retire or fight upon ground of 

1— Vol. 46. part 2, War Records, page 16. 2— Vol. 45, part 2, War Records, page IT . 




IRA McILLVAIN, Company I. 



CHATTANOOGA, I 864-5 — NASHVILLE. 195 



your own choosing. After the repulse of Hood at Frankhn, it looks to 
me that instead of falling back to Nashville, we should have taken the 
offensive against the enemy where he was. At this distance, however, I 
may err as to the best method of dealing with the enemy. You will suffer 
incalcuable injury upon your railroads, if Hood is not speedily disposed of. 
Put forth, therefore, every possible exertion to attain this end. Should 
you get him to retreating, give him no peace. 

U. S. Grant, 

Lieutenant-General. 

To which General Thomas replied as follows: 

Nashville, December 2, 1864, 10 P. M. 
Received 1:15 A. M. 3d. 
Lieut. -Gen. U. S. Grant, 1 

City Point: 
Your two telegrams of 11 A. M. and 1:30 P. M. to-day are received. 
At the time that Hood was whipped at Franklin, I had at this place but 
about 5,000 men of General Smith's command, which added to the force 
under General Schotield would not have given me more than 25,000 
men; besides, General Schofield felt convinced that he could not hold 
the enemy at Franklin until the 5,000 could reach him. As General 
Wilson's cavalry force also numbered only about one-fourth that of For- 
rest's, I thought it best to draw the troops back to Nashville and wait the 
arrival of the remainder of General Smith's force, and also a force of 
about 5,000 commanded by Major-General Steedman, which I had or- 
dered up from Chattanooga, The division of General Smith arrived 
yesterday morning, and General Steedman's troops arrived last night. 
I now have infantry enough to assume the offensive, if I had more cav- 
alry, and will take the field anyhow as soon as the remainder of General 
McCook's division of cavalry reaches here, which I hope it will do in two 
or three days. We can neither get re-enforcements or equipments at 
this great distance from the north very easily; and it must be remem- 
bered that my command was made up of the two weakest corps of Gen- 
eral Sherman's army and all the dismounted cavalry e.xcept one brigade, 
and the task of reorganizing and equipping has met with many delays, 
which have enabled Hood to take advantage of my crippled condition. 
I earnestly hope, however, that in a few more days I shall be able to give 
him a fight. George H. Thomas, 

Major-General, U. S. Volunteers, Commanding. 

Hood's success would have made Sherman's march to 
the sea the greatest military blunder of the century, hence 
the anxiety of General Grant, who had approved it, to 
checkmate General Hood in his attempted invasion. 

1— Vol' lb, part 2, War Records, pp. 17-18. 



196 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT. I. V. I. 

General Halleck replying to dispatch of General Grant 
of December 2, lO- P. M., said: 

Washington, December 3, 1864, 2 P. M. 

Lieutenant-General Grant,* 

City Point, Va.: 
Every available man from Hooker's and other western depart- 
ments have been sent to General Thomas. Hooker is already calling 
for more troops to be sent to him, to guard his prisoners, and General 
Fry is gettmg all he can from the hospitals. Thomas was authorized 
some time ago to call on the Governor of any Western State for militia, 
if he wanted them. He himself says that no more troops should be sent 
from Kentucky. Loyal Kentuckians say that if Bramlette's militia are 
armed, a large portion of them will join the rebels. All cavalry horses 
that could be procured in the Western States have been sent to Nash- 
ville, to the entire neglect of other departments. I believe that every 
possible effort has been made to supply General Thomas' demands and 
wants, so far as the means at the disposition of the Government permit- 
ted. General A. J. Smith's command was thirty-one days, after General 
Rosecrans received the orders, in reaching Nashville. 

H. W. Halleck, 
Major-Ceneral and Chief of Staff. 

The anxiety of General Grant was not allayed, as 
shown by the following dispatch: 

City Point, Va., December 8, 1864, 4 P. M. 
(Received 5:30 P. M.) 
Major-General Halleck,2 

Washington: 
Please direct General Dodge to send all the troops he can spare 
to General Thomas. With such an order he may be relied on to =end 
all that can properly go. They had probably better be sent to Louis- 
ville, for I fear either Hood or Breckinridge will get to the Ohio river. I 
will submit whether it is not advisable to call on Ohio, Indiana and 
Illinois for 60,000 men for thirty days. If Thomas has not struck yet, he 
ought to be ordered to hand over his command to Schofiield. There is 
no better man to repel an attack than Thomas, but I fear he is too cau- 
tious to ever take the initiative. u. S. Grant, 

Lieutenant-General. 

Answered by General Halleck as follows: 

1 — VoL 45, part 2, War Records, page 28. 
2 — Vol. 45, part 2, War Records, page 90. 



CHATTANOOGA, I 864-4 — NASHVILLE. 1 97 



Washington, D. C, December 8, 1864, 9 P. M, 

Lieutenant-General Grant, 1 

City Point: 
If you wish General Thomas relieved from [command], give the 
order. No one here will, I think, interfere. The responsibility, how- 
ever, will be yours, as no one here, so far as I am informed, wishes Gen- 
eral Thomas' removal. H. W. Halleck, 

Major-General and Chief of Staff. 

At the time General Grant sent this dispatch to Gen- 
eral Halleck a heavy storm of sleet was prevailing at Nash- 
ville, covering the ground with ice, rendering a movement 
by either army a physical impossibility. The ground was 
covered with ice from the 9th until the 14th, when it 
thawed out. 

On the 9th General Grant directed that General 
Thomas be relieved from command, as shown by the fol- 
lowing: 

City Point, Va., December 9, 1864—11 A. M. ' 
(Received 1:45 P. M.) 
Maior-General Halleck,'-' 

Washington, D. C: 
Dispatch of 8ft M. last evening from Nashville shows the enemy 
scattered for more than seventy miles down the river, and no attack yet 
made by Thomas. Please telegraph orders relieving him at once and 
placing Schofield in command. Thomas should be directed to turn over 
all orders and dispatches received since the battle of Franklin to Scho- 
tield. U. S. Grant, 

Lieutenant-General. 

whereupon General Halleck telegraphed to General Thomas 
and received the following: 

Nashville, Tenn., December 9, 1864—2 P. M. 
Major-General H. W. Halleck. ^ 

Washington, D. C: 

Your dispatch of 10:30 A. M. this date is received. I regret that 

General Grant should feel dissatisfaction at my delay in attacking the 

enemy. I feel conscious that I have done everything in my power to 

prepare, and that the troops could not have been gotten ready before 

1— Vol. 45, part 2; War Records, page 96. 
2— Vol. *5, part 2, War Records, page 115. 
3— Vol. 45, part 2, War Records, page 114. 



198 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



this, and if he should order me to be relieved I will submit without a 
murmur. A terrible storm of freezing rain has come on since daylight, 
which will render an attack impossible until it breaks. 

Geo. H. Thomas, 
Maior-General U. S. Volunteers, Commanding. 

which was forwarded by General Halleck to General Grant 
at City Point, and General Grant said to General Thomas: 

City Point, Va., December 9, 1864—7:30 P. M. 
Major-General Thomas,' 

Nashville, Tenn.: 
Your dispatch of 1 P. M. received. I have as much confidence in 
your conducting a battle rightly as I have in any other officer; but it has 
seemed to me that you have been slow, and I have had no explanation 
of affairs to convince me otherwise. Receiving your dispatch of 2 P. M. 
from General Halleck, before I did the one to me, I telegraphed to sus- 
pend the order relieving you until we should hear further. I hope most 
sincerely that there will be no necessity of repeating the orders, and 
that the facts will show that you have been right all the time. 

U. S. Grant, 

Lieutenant-General. 

General Thomas answered as follows: 

Nashville, December 9, 1864—11:30 P. M. 
(Received 10th.) 
Lieut.-Gen. U. S. Grant,'- 

City Point, Va.: 
Your dispatch 7:30 P. M. is just received. I can only say in further 
explanation why I have not attacked Hood that I could not concentrate 
my troops and get their transportation in order in shorter time than it 
has been done, and am satisfied I have made every effort that was pos- 
sible to complete the task. Geo. H. Thomas, 

Major-General, U. S. Volunteers, Comdg. 

On the nth General Grant telegraphed to General 

Thomas : ^ 

City Point, Va., December 11, 1864—4 P. M. 

Major General Thomas, 

Nashville, Tenn.: 
If you delay attack longer the mortifying spectacle will be witnessed 
of a rebel army moving for the Ohio river, and you will be forced to act 

1— Vol. 46, part 2, War Records, page 115. 2 -Vol. 45, part :J, War Records, page 115. 
3 — Vol. 45, part 2, War Records, page 143. 



CHATTANOOGA, I 864- 5 — NASHVILLE. I 99 



accepting such weather as you find. Let there be no further delay 
Hood cannot stand even a drawn battle so far from his supplies or ord- 
nance stores. If he retreats and you follow, he must lose his material 
and much of his army. I am in hopes of receiving a dispatch from you 
to-day announcing that you have moved. Delay no longer for weather 
or re-enforcements. U. S. Grant, 

Lieutenant-Genera 1. 

and received in reply the following : 

Nashville, December 11, 1864-10 30 P. M. 
Lieut.-Gen. U. S. Grant,' 

City Point : 
Your dispatch of 4 P. M. this day is just received. I will obey the 
order as promptly as possible, however much I may regret it, as the at- 
tack will have to be made under every disadvantage. The whole 
country is covered with a perfect sheet of ice and sleet, and it is with 
difficulty the troops are able to move about on level ground. It was my 
intention to attack Hood as soon as the ice melted, and would have done 
so yesterday had it not been for the storm. 

Geo. H. Thomas, 
Major-General U. S. A'olunteers, Commanding. 

On the 1 2th General Thomas sent to General Hal- 
leck the following : 

Nashville, Tenn., December 12, 1864—10.30 P. M. 

Maj. -General H. W. Halleck,^ 

Washington, D. C. 
I have the troops ready to make the attack on the enemy as soon as 
the sleet, which now covers the ground, has melted sufficiently to enable 
the men to march. As the whole country is now covered with a sheet of 
ice so hard and slippery it is utterly impossible for troops to ascend the 
slopes, or even move over level ground in anything like order. It has 
taken the entire day to place my cavalry in position, and it has only been 
finally effected with imminent risk and many serious accidents, result- 
ing from the number of horses falling with their riders on the roads. 
Under these circumstances I believe an attack at this time would only 

result in a useless sacrifice of life. 

Geo. H. Thomas. 

Major-General U. S. Volunteers, Commanding, 
followed on the 13th by the following: 

1 — Vol. 45, part 2, War Records, page 148. 
2 — Vol. 45, part 2, War Records, page 155. 



200 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V, I. 



Nashville, Tenn., December 13, 1864, 9 P. M. 
(Received 8 A. M., 14th.) 
Maj.-Gen. H. W. Hallecri, * 

Washington, D. C: 
There is no change in the enemy's position in my front to-day. At 
length there are indications of a favorable change in the weather, and as 
soon as there is I shall move against the enemy, as everything is ready 
and prepared to assume the offensive. I have heard from Clarksville 
to-day, the wires being in working order to that place. Two gun-boats 
and a transport had arrived there from below, and report that the rebel 
general Lyon's means of recrossing the Cumberland were destroyed. I 
have ample force in pursuit of him to effectually destroy him, and I have 
no apprehension about the Louisville & Nashville Railroad. The Cum- 
berland river is contsantly patrolled as high up as Carthage, and there is 
no evidence of the presence of the enemy in that direction. I am in 
hopes of a sufficient rise in the river to enable me to use the gun-boats 
in reopening the Cumberland as far as Nashville 

George H. Thomas, 
Major-General U. S. V^:)lunteers, Commanding. 

and on the 14th as follows: 

Nashville, Tenn., December 14, 1864, 8 P. M. 
Major-General H. W. Halleck,^ 

Washington, D. C: 
Your telegram of 12:30 P. M. to-day is received. The ice having 
melted away to-day, the enemy will be attacked to-morrow morning. 
Much as I regret the apparent delay in attacking the enemy, it could not 
have been done before with any reasonable hope of success. 

George H. Thomas, 
Major-General U. S. Volunteers, Commanding. 

On the i6th General Thomas^ sent the following: 

Headquarters Department of the Cumberland, 

Eight Miles from Nashville, Dec. 16, 1864, 6 P. M. 
(Received Washington, 5:30 A. M., 17th.) 
The President of the LInited States, ^ 
Hon. E. M. Stanton, 
Lieut.-Gen. U. S. Grant, and 
Governor Andrew Johnson, Nashville: 

This army thanks you for your approbation of its conduct yester- 
day, and to assure you that it is not misplaced. I have the honor to 

1— Vol 45, part 2, War Records, page KiS. 
2— Vol. 45, part 2, War Records, page ISO. 
3 — Vol. 45, part 2, War Records, page 210. 



CHATTANOOGA, I 864-5 — NASHVILLE. 20I 



report that the enemy has been pressed at all points to-day on his line of 
retreat to the Brentwood Hills and Brigadier General Hatch, of Wilson's 
corps of cavalry, on the right, turned the enemy's left, and captured a 
large number of prisoners, number not yet reported. Major General 
Schofield's troops, next on the left of the cavalry, carried several heights, 
captured many prisoners and six pieces of artillery. Brevet Major- 
General Smith, next on left of Major-General Schofield, carried the 
salient point of the enemy's line with McVIiUen's brigade, of McArthur's 
division, capturmg 16 pieces of artillery, two brigadier-generals, and 
about 2,000 prisoners. Brigadier-General Garrard's division, of Smith's 
command, next on the left of McArthur's division, carried the enemy's 
intrenchments, capturing all the artillery and troops of the enemy on the 
line. Brigadier-General Wood's corps, on the Fraiklin pike, took up 
the assault, carrying the enemy's intrenchments in his front, captured 
eight pieces of artillery, something over 600 prisoners and drove the 
enemy within one mile of the Brentwood Pass. Major-General Steedman, 
commanding detachments of the different armies of the Military Divi- 
sion of the Mississippi, most nooly supported General Wood's left, and 
bore a most honorable part in the operations of the day. I have ordered 
the pursuit to be continued in the morning at daylight, although the 
troops are very much fatigued. The greatest enthusiasm prevails. I 
must not forget to report the operations of Brigadier-General Johnson, in 
successfully driving the enemy, with the co-operation of the gun-boats, 
under Lieutenant-Commander Fitch, from their established batteries on 
the Cumberland river, below the city of Nashville, and of the services of 
Brigadier-General Croxton's brigade, in covering and relieving our right 
and rear intheoperationsof yesterday and to-day. Although I have no re- 
port of the number of prisoners captured by Johnson's and Croxton's com- 
mands, I know they have made a large number. I am glad to be able to state 
that the number of prisoners captured yesterday greatly exceeds the 
number reported by me last evening. The woods, fields and intrench- 
ments are strewn with the enemy's small arms, abandoned in their re- 
treat. In conclusion, I am happy to state that all this has been effected 
with but a very small loss to us. Our loss does not probably exceed 
3,000; very few killed. Geo. H. Thomas, 

Major-General U. S. Volunteers, Commanding. 

On December 21 General Halleck sent the following: 

Washington, December 21, 1864—12 M. 
(Via Nashville, Tenn.) 
Major-General Thomas:^ 

Permit me. General, to urge the vast importance of a hot pursuit 
of Hood's army. Every possible sacrifice should be made, and your 
men for a few days will submit to any hardship and privation to accom- 

1 — Vol. 45, part 2, War Eecords, page 295. 



202 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



plish the great result. If you can capture or destroy Hood's army, Sher- 
man can entirely crush out the rebel military force in all the Southern 
states. He begins a new campaign about the 1st of January, which will 
have the most important results, if Hood's army can now be used up. A 
most vigorous pursuit on your part is therefore of vital importance to 
Sherman's plans. No sacrifice must be spared to attain so important 
^" object- H. W. Halleck, 

Major-General and Chief of Staff. 

The reader's attention is invited to the reply of Gen- 
eral Thomas: 

Headquarters Department of the Cumberland, 
In the Field, December 21, 1864. 
Major-General H. W. Halleck, * 

Washington, D. C. 
Your dispatch of 12 M. this day is received. General Hood's army 
is being pursued as rapidly and as vigorously as it is possible for one 
army to pursue another. We cannot control the elements, and, you 
must remember, that to resist Hood's advance into Tennessee I had to 
reorganize and almost thoroughly equip the force now under my com- 
mand. I fought the battles of the 15th and 16th instant with the troops 
but partially equipped, and, notwithstanding the inclemency of the 
weather and the partial equipment, have been enabled to drive the ene- 
my beyond Duck river, crossing two streams with my troops, and driv- 
ing the enemy from position to position, without the aid of pontoons, and 
with but little transportation to bring up supplies of provisions and am- 
munition. I am doing all in my power to crush Hood's army, and, if it 
be possible, will destroy it; but pursuing an enemy through an exhausted 
country, over mud roads, completely sogged with heavy rains, is no 
child's play, and cannot be accomplished as quickly as thought of. I 
hope, in urging me to push the enemy, the Department remembers that 
General Sherman took with him the complete organizations of the Mili- 
tary Division of the Mississippi, well equipped in every respect as 
regards ammujiition, supplies and transportation, leaving me only twa 
corps, partially stripped of their transportation to accommodate the force 
taken with him, to oppose the advance into Tennessee of that army 
which had resisted the advance of the Army of the Military Division of 
the Mississippi on Atlanta, from the commencement of the campaign 
until its close, and which is now, in addition, aided by Forrest's cavalry. 
Although my progress may appear clow, I feel assured that Hood's 
army can be driven from Tennessee, and eventually driven to the wall, by 
the force under my command; but too much must not be expected of 
troops which have to be reorganized, especially when they have the task 
of destroying a force in a winter campaign which was able to make an 

1 — Vol. 45. part 2, War Records, page 203. 



CHATTANOOGA, I 864-5 NASHVILLE. 203 

obstinate resistance to twice its numbers in spring and summer. In con- 
clusion I can safelv state that this army is wiUing to submit to any sac- 
rifice to oust Hood's army, or to strike any other blow which would con- 
tribute to the destruction of the rebellion. 

George H. Thomas, 

Major-General. 

This dispatch of General Thomas is a concise state- 
ment of facts, a graphic history of his campaign from the 
time General Sherman started on his march to the sea, to 
the close of the battle of Nashville, the last great victory, 
practically closing the war in the West. General Sherman 
closed his "march to the sea" on December 21 with the 
capture of Savannah. In this campaign his losses were: 
Killed 108, wounded 428, missing 278, total, 814. He 
captured of the enemy, 'j'] commissioned officers and 1,261 
enlisted men, total 1,338. His losses were not incurred in 
battle, but in foraging for use of army; and looting money, 
jewelry, silverware, books, and all kinds of personal prop- 
erty from the inhabitants along the route of the army. The 
burning of Atlanta, Millidgeville and Columbia, and the 
homes of the people in the campaign through Georgia and 
the Carolinas, was cruel in the extreme, and these acts of 
pillage and arson of property of non-combatants brought 
opprobrium upon the soldiers, instead of the commanding 
general who approved these acts. 

General Sherman at Savannah, December 24, 1864, 
in a letter to General Halleck,^ says: "When I move, the 
Fifteenth Corps will be on the right wing, and their posi- 
tion will bring them, naturally, into Charleston first; and if 
you have watched the history of that corps you will have 
remarked that they generally do their work up pretty well. 
The truth is the whole army is burning with an insatiable 
desire to wreak vengeance upon South Carolina. I almost 
tremble at her fate, but feel that she deserves all that is in 
store for her. Many and many a person in Georgia asked 
me why we did not go to South Carolina, and when I 

1 — Vol. 44, War Records, page 799. 



204 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 

answered that I was en route for that State the invariable 
reply was, ' Well, if you will make those people feel the 
severities of war, we will pardon you for your desolation of 
Georgia,' " and in a letter to General Grant, ^ January 29, 
1865, says: 'Of course the enemy will carry off and 
destroy some forage, but I will burn the houses when the 
people burn forage, and they will get tired of that." On 
reaching Fayetteville, North Carolina, he wrote to General 
Terry:'- "The people of South Carolina instead of feeding 
Lee's army, will now call upon General Lee to feed them," 
thus exalting over the devastation of private property. 
The excesses of "Sherman's army" are cited by foreign 
powers to show that the cruel acts of their armies are mild 
in comparison — the latest reference being that of Mr. 
Chamberlain, Premier of England, who, speaking of the 
burning of buildings, and destruction of private property of 
the Boers in the South African war, says it is not as bad as 
the acts of Sherman's army in the war of the Rebellion. 

The conduct of this army in Georgia and the Carolinas, 
details of which are often recited by the soldiers at re-unions 
and campfires, cannot be justified. It is the chief thing in 
the history of the war for the preservation of the union 
that casts a stain upon the fair fame of our civilization. 

Van Home in his history of the Army of the Cumber- 
land, Volume 2, page 312, speaking of the vandalic acts of 
Sherman's army, says: 

The march through South Carolina had left a track of desolation 
more than forty miles wide. That State's special guilt in taking the 
initiative in secessions was assumed by officers and men as the justifica- 
tion of its devastation. As many of the Southern people, who were orig- 
inally opposed to secession, blamed South Carolina for precipitating the 
movement, and, having themselves experienced the terrible retributions 
of the war which resulted, desired that South Carolina should feel war's 
heavy hand before peace should come, it was not strange that the 
National troops, in marching through the State which originally suggested 
secession and studiously endeavored to induce the Southern States to 
withdraw from the Union, should leave behind them the fearful evidence 

1 — Vol. 47, part 2, War Records, page 15B. 
2— Vol. 47, part 2, War Records, page 803. 



CHATTANOOGA, I 864-5 — GUARD DUTY. 205 

of vengeance achieved. But it is easier for the veterans of the war to 
find justification for sweeping desolation in their own feelings, than it is 
for others to find grounds for its historical vindication. 

On January 12, the next day after its return from the 
mid-winter campaign against Hood's army, the Sixty-eighth 
Indiana was placed on provost duty in Chattanooga, remain- 
ing on that duty until the 29th. when it marched to Athens, 
Tennessee, to repel a threatened attack on the Chattanooga 
& Knoxville Railroad, but not finding the enemy it was 
relieved and returned to Chattanooga by rail, arriving on 
January 3 i at 1 1 P. M. On this trip the train was derailed, 
killing one man and injuring several. 

On February i the regiment was assigned to the duty 
of guarding the military bridge across the Tennessee at 
Chattanooga, and established a camp at the north end of 
the bridge (a view of this camp and the bridge is shown by 
an engraving in this book) and remained there until the loth 
day ol June, 1865, when it crossed the river and encamped 
in Chattanooga. On February 3, Companies I, G, H and 
K were detailed to duty as guards for the Military prison in 
Chattanooga. These duties were important. Oh March 
5 the river rose rapidly and soon submerged the camp of 
our regiment on the north bank, driving the men to higher 
quarters where they remained until the 9th waiting for the 
freshet to abate that they might return to camp. During 
that period the regiment was without shelter. On June 9th 
a warehouse with a tarpaulin roof, in the city near a rail- 
road on the south bank of river near the bridge, in which 
was stored a large lot of condemned powder in barrels, and 
mixed ammunition, caught fire from a locomotive. This 
made a lively fire and for a time was exciting. Shells 
exploded, some of the pieces striking the bridge, but with- 
out serious damage. The Sixty-eighth Indiana assisted in 
putting out this fire, and protecting buildings in the vicinity. 
This duty was perilous. The arsenal containing the reserve 
ammunition for Sherman's army was a short distance west 



206 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 

of the fire on the river bank. The flames of the burning 
building reached a train of cars loaded with forage, on the 
tracii near by, setting fire to the cars, and destroying about 
7,OD3 bales of hay and other property. The fire was kept 
from adjoiningbuildings, which contained vast stores of army 
supplies, thus avoiding heavy loss to the government. The 
men of the Sixty-eighth Indiana, along with hundreds of 
citizens conscripted for the occasion, rendered valuable 
service saving property. 

May, 1865, was crowded with great events that followed 
each other in rapid succession: the evacuation of Richmond, 
Virginia, and the flight of the rebel president and his cab- 
inet; Lee's surrender of the Army of Northern Virginia, 
about 26,000 men; the assassination of President Lincoln; 
Sherman's armistice with General Johnston, which was 
disapproved by the government, followed by surrender of 
Johnston's army of about 26,000 men. 

The rebellion organized to overthrow the great Repub- 
lic, and institute a government whose corner stone was 
African slavery, had collapsed. The end of strife and 
bloodshed was near. 

The Union army of over one million armed soldiers, 
the greatest army ever marshalled since gunpowder was 
invented, engirdled the rebellious states. Grant, with 
about 135,000 men, was in front of Lee at Petersburg. 
Sherman's army, strengthened to over 120,000 men, was 
in North Carolina in front of Johnston. Thomas had in 
the Department of the Cumberland about 140,000 men 
scattered at various points. The remainder of that vast 
army of one million soldiers was posted at various places in 
the rebellious states. The rebel army, reduced to about 
250,000 men, had reached "the last ditch," and within 
five weeks after the surrender of Lee all the organized 
forces of the rebellion had laid down their arms, and were 
disbanded loithout pay. 



CHATTANOOGA, I 864-5 MUSTER OUT. 20/ 

The army ot the Union had achieved the purpose of 
its organization, the suppression of the Southern rebelHon. 

The work of disbandment was begun and General 
Thomas mustered out of service over 80,000 men in June. 

The Sixty-eighth Indiana crossed the river on June 1 1 
and encamped in Chattanooga. During the next live days 
the muster-out rolls were prepared and on the 17th General 
Steedman made a farewell address to the regiment, which 
was in the nature of a benediction for faithful service under 
his command. At the conclusion of his address the regi- 
ment embarked on cars for Nashville where it turned over 
camp equipage, ordnance and ordnance stores on the 19th, 
and was mustered out of the military service of the United 
States on June 20, and started for Indianapolis on the 2 ist, 
arriving there on the 22nd, where it received a furlough for 
eight days pending final payment. 



CHAPTER XVII 



A REVIEW OF THE REPORT OF THE INDIANA CHICKAMAUGA. 

COMMISSION. 

The Congress of the United States on August 19, 
1890, passed "An act to establish a national park at the 
battle field of Chickauiauga," and on December 19, 1893, 
passed an act providing for the dedication of the Chicka- 
mauga and Chattanooga National Military Park, on Sep- 
tember 19 and 20, 1895. 

Section 4 of act of August 19, 1890, is as follows : 

4. Inscriptions must be purely historical, and must relate only to 
the Chickamauga and Chattanooga campaigns. They must also be 
based upon, and conform to, the otftcial reports of these campaigns; and 
must be submitted to th.e secretary of war, through the park commission- 
ers, for his approval, before being adopted or cut into the stones. 

The State of Indiana, by an act of her Legislature, 
created a State commission known as the Indiana Chicka- 
mauga and Chattanooga Military Park Commission.^ This 
body, through D. B. McConnell." president, and James R. 
Carnahan,'^ secretary, on June 9, 1900, submitted to Gover- 
nor James A. Mount a report of its work. 

The inscriptions on monuments and markers of Indi- 
ana organizations prepared by the Indiana Commission and 
submitted throng 1 the park co nmissioners to the secretary 

1— Tliis Commission, as organized in 18!).j, consisted of the following named soldiers: 
Morton C. Hunter, Eighty-second; JatiiesK Carnahan, Eighty-sixth; DyerB McC'-nnell, 
Ninth; Wi 1 am f. Herron Seventy second; VVillam iVI. Cockruui, Forty-second; Ruel M. 
Johnson, One Hundredth; M,lt<in M. Thompson, Eighty-eighth; Milton Garrigus, Thirty- 
ninih: (ieorge H. Puntenney, Tliirty-seventh, and M. M. Justus, Eighty-eighth Indiana 
Regiments. Mo' ton C. Hunter was elected President, and James R. Carnahan, Secretary. 
On oclnber 25 ISii6, Morton C. Hunter died, and Byer B. .Mc('onnell was elected to be 
President, and Augasius C. Ford was appointed to the vacancy created by the death of 
Mortun ('. Hunter. 

2— Dyer B McConnell was ciptain of Company K. Ninth Indiana. 

3- James R. Carnahan was captain of Company I, Eighty-sixth Indiana. 



INDIANA CHICKAMAUGA COMMISSION. 209 

of war, and approved by him, are of record in the war de- 
partment as follows : 

Indiana's Tribute 

To Her 

Sixth Regiment Infantry. 

Lieutenant-Colonel Hagerman Tripp, Conmianding. 

Third Brigade (Baldwin). 

Secpnd Division (Johnson). 

Twentieth Corps (McCook). 

The regiment arrived in this vicinity at 12 M. September 19th. 
Formed line advanced with the brigade, meeting the enemy half a mile 
in front of this position, and driving him to the vicinity of the Winfrey 
field ; held that position until sunset, then moved a short distance to the 
left, and was attacked, fighting hand to hand. In this engagement Col- 
onel P. P. Baldwin was killed. Remained until near 9 P. M , and re- 
turned to this position. This stone marks the position of the 6th Indiana, 
September 20th, where it was hotly engaged. Colonel Tripp was wounded 
here. At 5:.30 P. M. the regiment withdrew under fire with the division 
to the woods west of the Kelly field, and thence to Rossville. 

Casualties: Killed 18, wounded 116, missing 31, total 160. 

(Location : Ridge east of Kelly field.) 



Indiana's Tribute 
To Htr 
Ninth Regiment Infantry. 
Colonel Isaac C. B. Suman, Com'd'g. 
Second Brigade (Haz^n). . 
Second Division (Palmer). 
Twenty-first Corps (Crittenden). 

September 19th this regiment went into action near the Brock field 
about 2 P. M., and lost heavily ; near 8:o0 P. M. retired and refilled boxes 
in the vicinity of the Poe House, moved to this point, there confronted 
an advancing column of the enemy in overwhelming numbers and com- 
pelled it to pause, engaged it for 30 minutes and lost heavily (three 
officers killed). 

September 20th, at daylight in line at southea«;t corner of Kelly 
field and held its line until 3:30 P. M. At Snodgrass field assisted in 
repulsing Longstreet's last assault. Near dusk was sent to the right of 
Brannan's division and after the capture of the three regiments on the 
right and some of its own men, fired upon the capturing force and held 
its position until 8 P. M., when it withdrew.' 

(Location: South of Brotherton House). 

1— This sentence arpears on the nionuiEent but it is not the text officially approved 
by the National Commission. 

14 



2IO SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



Indiana's Tribute 
To Her 
Tenth Regiment Infantry. 
Colonel William B. Carroll, Commanding. 
Second Brigade (Croxton). 
Third Division (Brannan). 
Fourteenth Corps (Thomas). 

This regiment with its brigade opened the battle near Jay's Mill, 
about 7 A. M., September 19th, 1868. Fought here and in this vicinity 
from 8 A. M. until noon. Here Colonel William B.Carroll was killed 
and Lieutenant-Colonel Marsh B. Taylor assumed command. Sunday, 
September 20th, engaged from 9 A. M. to 11:30 A. M., west of the Poe 
House. It, with the 74th Indiana, both under command of Lieutenant- 
Colonel Marsh B. Taylor, for the remainder of the day were attached to 
and fought with Reynolds' Division. They relieved Hazen's Brigade in 
the front line when it was sent to Snodgrass Hill. They withdrew from 
Kelly field with Reynolds at 5:o0 P. M. and formed with his troops on 
the high ground west of the Mullis House ; and at 8 P. M. withdrew to 
Rossville. Engaged 366, killed, 24, wounded 136, captured 6. 

(Location : North of White Smith's field, in edge of timber). 



Indiana's Tribute 

To Her 

Seventeenth Regiment Mounted Infantry. 

Major William T. Jones, "Commanding. 

First Brigade (Wilder). 

P'ourth Division (Reynolds). 

Fourteenth Corps (Thomas). 

This regiment was engaged on Friday, September 18lh, at Alexan- 
der's bridge, where it assisted in holding the enemy in check until late in 
the afternoon; then withdrew to the east line of the Viniard farm. Took 
position Saturday, September 19th, on west line of Viniard farm by order 
of General Rosecrans in person, assisting in that line all day against 
repeated assaults from the enemy. 

Engaged Sunday, the 20th, about 10 A. M., with the brigade, which 
charged the enemy at Widow Glenn's house and drove him back about 
three-fourths of a mile. 

At 4 P. M. retired from the field under orders. 

(Location: West of Viniard house.) 



INDIANA CHICKAMAUGA COMMISSION. 211 



Indiana's Tribute 

To Her 

Twenty-second Regiment Infantry. 

Colonel Michael Gooding, Commanding. 

First Brigade (Post). 

First Division (Davis). 

Twentieth Corps (McCook). 

Marched from Steven's Gap September 20th guarding supply train 
off Lookout Mountain on left and rear of enemv. Had slight skirmish 
at Chattanooga creek, but succeeded in getting train with in^ the Union 
lines with loss of a few men and horses captured. Arrived at Crawfish 
springs at about 3 P. M., and took position with cavalry forces command- 
ed by General Mitchell and marched from there about 5 P. M., same 
day, arriving in Chattanooga valley at the foot of Lookout Mountain 
about 8 P. M. 

(Location: West of Wilder Monument, Glenn Hill.) 



Indiana's Tribute 

~ To Her 

Twentj'-ninth Regiment Infantry. 

Lieutenant-Colonel David M. Dunn, Commanding. 

Second Brigade (Dodge). 

Second Division (Johnson). 

Twentieth Corps (McCook). 

Saturday, September 19, 1863, about 1 P. M., this regiment, with its 
brigade, reached a position in line near the Brock field, charged the 
enemy and drove him back across the north end of the same into the 
timber near the Winfrey farm and remained there until night-fall, where 
it took part in resisting the night attack of Cheatham's and Cleburne's 
Divisions. 

September 20th, 10 A. M., marched to northwest corner of the Kelly 
field and became heavily engaged and held the line against all assaults 
until 6 P. M. 

Loss: Killed, 11; wounded, 93; captured, 68. 

(Location: Northwest of Kellys field.) 

1— These two words irith ami in are given as fomid inscribed on tablet at tlie park. 



212 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



Indiana's Tribute 

To Her 

Thirtieth Regiment Infantry 

Lieutenant-Colonel Orrin V. Hurd, Commanding. 

Second Brigade (Dodge). 

Second Division (Johnson). 

Twentieth Corps (McCook). 

September 19th, 1863, this regiment with its brigade came into the 
field near Crawfish Springs; at 1 P. M., moved to the left and went into 
action north of the Brock field, driving the enemy some distance in a 
bitterly contested struggle. After some movements to the left, night 
came on, when the enemy attacked, and after two hours fighting the reg- 
iment moved to the line southeast of the Kelly field. 

Morning of September 20th, threw up breastworks and resisted an 
assault at 9 A. M., was then removed to this position and at 12 M. was 
heavily attacked but held the line. About 5 P. M. the line was again 
attacked, and soon after withdrew to the woods west of the Kelly field, 
thence to Rossville. 

Casualties: Killed, 2 officers, 8 men; wounded, 5 officers, 50 men; 
captured 4 officers, 57 men; total 126. 

(Location: On extreme left of regular line Sunday.) 



Indiana's Tribute 
To Her 
Thirty-first Regiment Infantry. 
Colonel John T. Smith, Commanding. 
First Brigade (Cruft). 
Second Division (Palmer). 
Twenty-first Corps (Crittenden). 

This regiment became engaged in the Battle of Chickamauga, Sat- 
urday, September 19th, 1863, about 12 M., on the enemy's line at a point 
about three-quarters of a mile east of the LaFayette road near the Brock 
field. For two hours the battle raged with great fury, resulting in the 
enemy being driven from his position. In the engagement the regiment 
expended an average of fifty rounds of ammunition per man. Later in 
the afternoon the regiment joined in a charge against the advancing 
enemy and repulsed him. The regiment bivouacked near the Kelly field. 
Early Sunday morning, September 20th, this regiment took position on 
the line where this monument stands; here, during the day the enemy 
made several fierce assaults, but the position was held until 5 P. M., when 
the regiment was ordered to retire. 

Casualties: Killed 1 officer, 4 men; wounded 2 officers, 59 men; 
missing, 17 men; total 83. 

(Position, ridge east of Kelly field.) 



INDIANA CHICKAMAUGA COMMISSION. 213 



Indiana's Tribute 
To Her 
Thirty-second Regiment Infantry. 
Lieutenant-Colonel Frank Erdelmeyer, Commanding, 
First Brigade (Willich). 
* Second Division (Johnson). 

Twentieth Corps (McCook). 

This regiment in the morning of September 19th, 1863, marched 
with its brigade from the right of the Union army to the support of 
General Thomas. Reached the field about 10 A. M. and at once became 
engaged with the enemy about one-fourth of a mile in r^ar of this posi- 
tion, from which line this regiment, with other regiments of the brigade, 
charged the enemy and drove him from the line on which this monu- 
ment stands. In the charge this regiment captured two pieces of artil- 
lery, three caissons and many prisoners. 

Sunday, September 20th, in the afternoon moved to the left wing 
of the Union army, east of Kelly field, where the regiment with other 
troops charged the advancing enemy and drove him back around the 
Union left. At 5 P. M. withdrew from the field under orders. 

Casualties September 19th-20th: Killed, I officer, 20 men; wound- 
ed, 4 officers, 77 men; missing, 20 men. Total, 122. 

(Location: Southeast of intersection Brotherton road and Alex- 
aniler road.) 



Indiana's Tribute 
To Her 
Thirty-fifth regiment Infantry. 
Major John P. Dufficy, Commanding. 
Third Brigade (Barnes). 
Third Division (VanCleve). 
Twenty-first Corps (Crittenden). 

September 19th, this regiment went into action east of the LaFayette 
road, south of Viniards, facing northeast, at 3 P. M., fighting desperately 
until dark. 

September 20th, moved to the left, and after frequent moves and 
considerable fighting, including one successful charge led by Colonel 
Barnes, it reached this position, where it resisted several determined 
assaults of the enemy. About sunset it withdrew under fire to the woods 
west of the LaFayette road, and thence to Rossville. 

(Location: On left of Regular Brigade, Sunday.) 



2 14 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I.V. I. 



Indiana's Tri])ute 

To Her 

Thirty-sixth Regiment Infantry. 

Lieutenant-Colonel Oliver H. P. Carey 

and Major Gilbert Trusler, Com'd'g. 

Third Brigade (Grose). 

Second Division (Palmer). 

Twenty-first Corps (Crittenden). 

At 11 A. M., September 19th, went into action at this point, suffer- 
mg greatly in killed and wounded, held the position until 3 P. M., when 
ammunition gave out and it fell back in good order to the Kelly field 
and bivouacked there. 

On Sunday, the 20th, went into position south of the Kelly field, 
holding its line from 9 A. M. to 5 P. M., displaying great heroism and 
valor in repulsing several charges. At night fell back in good order 
with the army to Rossville. 

Killed, 14; wounded, 97; missing, 17; Total, 128. 

(South of Brotherton's, south of Sixth Ohio Monument.) 



Indiana's Tribute 

To her 

Thirty-seventh Regiment Infantry. 

Colonel W. D. Ward, Commanding. 

Third Brigade (Sirwell). 

Second Division (Negley). 

Fourteenth Corps (Thomas). 

On the morning of September 19th, this regiment with its brigade 
occupied a position on the right of the army below Crawfish Springs 
near Chickamauga Creek. At 2 P. M. the regiment with the brigade was 
ordered to the center, where the brigade became engaged ne.'i r dark at 
this position. The regiment threw up breastworks and held this position 
until 10:30 the next morning. 

Sunday, September 20th, the regiment was moved to the left. 
About noon it took a position near the Snodgrass house, from which point 
it was almost immediately ordered by General Negley toward Rossville, 
where it bivouacked. 

(Location : West edge of Brotherton field.) 



INDIANA CHICKAMAUGA COMMISSION. 21 5 



Indiana's Tribute 

To her 

Thirty-eighth Regiment Infantry. 

Lieutenant-Colonel Daniel F. Griffin. 

Fu-st Brigade (Scribner). 

First Division (Baird). 

Fourteenth Corps (Thomas). 

This regiment, Lieutenant-Colonel Daniel F. Griffin, commanding^ 
was one of the first in Baird's division to engage the enemy Saturday 
morning, September 19, 1868. It also assisted in withstanding the attack 
of Cleburne's division at night. 

This monument marks the position held by the regiment from day- 
light Sunday morning, September 20, 1863, until ordered to retire at 5:30 
P. M. 

Killed, 13; wounded, 57; missing, 39. 

(Location : East of Kelly field.) 



Indiana's Tribute 
To Her 
Thirty-ninth Regiment Mounted Infantry. 
-(Afterward Eighth Indiana Cavalry.) 
Colonel Thomas J. Harrison. 
First Brigade (Willich). 
Second Division (Johnson). 
Twentieth Corps (McCook). 

September 19th, 1863, marched from McLemore's Cove to Crawfish 
Springs convoying trains and engaged with a portion of Wheeler's Cav- 
alry. Erom dusk until midnight carried 1000 canteens of water from 
Crawfish Springs to suffering soldiers on the battlefield. 

September 20th, 1863, armed with Spencer rifles took position early, 
dismounted, in the line on ridge near Widow Glenn's, west of Crawfish 
Springs road. About 11.45 A. M. with the line, charged upon the ene- 
my here, completely clearing its front. The enemy gave way in disor- 
der, losing, beside his killed and wounded, about 200 by capture. After 
holding this position until about 1 o'clock P. M., and no enemy being in 
its immediate front, the regiment retired leisurely to Chattanooga Valley 
road, and thence escorted trains to Chattanooga. 

Casualties: Three commissioned officers wounded, five enlisted 
men killed and thirty-two wounded; total, 40. 

(Location: On Glenn Hill.) 



2l6 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



Indiana's Tribute 

To Her 

Forty-second Regiment Infantry. 

Lieutenant-Colonel W. T. B. Mclntire. 

First Brigade (John Beatty). 

Second Division (Negley). 

Fourteenth Corps (Thomas). 

On the 19th this regiment was at Owen's Ford, below Crawfish 
Springs, skirmishmg all day to keep a Confederate division from cross- 
ing the Chickamauga. At 5 P. M. went to the relief of troops that were 
pressed near Brotherton House. Lay west of the Brotherton field that 
night. 

Sunday, the 20th, at an early hour, with its brigade, moved north on 
the LaFayette Road and reiiorted to General Thomas, was ordered to a 
position to the left of General Baird; was then ordered to this position 
and was immediately attacked by troops of Breckenridge's Division with 
an overwhelming force. Having no support, fell back and reformed on 
the hills west of this position and thence withdrew to Rossville under 
orders from General Negley. 

Loss: Killed, 4; wounded, 52; missing, 53; total, 109. 

(Location: East of the Lafayette road opposite north end of Mc- 
Donald field.) 



Indiana's Tribute 

To Her 

Forty-fouith Regiment Infantry. 

Lieutenant-Colonel Simeon C. Aldrich, Commanding. 

Second Brigade (Dick). 

Third Division (VanCleve). 

Twenty-tirst Corps (Crittenden). 

September 18th, 18f)3, this regiment supported Wilder's Brigade in 
the afternoon and night. 

September 19th, after having assisted in successfully meeting one 
of the severest charges of Stewart's Division 30'J yards east of this posi- 
tion, the regiment retired and held this part of the line against a deter- 
mined attack of the enemy until about 4:30 P. M., when the line being 
flanked on the right it was compelled to retire. 

September 20th, fought in line with its division until the break in 
the center of Union lines, when Colonel Aldrich led it to General 
Thomas' line and went into action with Harker's Brigade, and fought 
until ordered from the field about 5 P. M. 

(Location: In Brotherton Field facing LaFayette road.) 



INDIANA CHICKAMAUGA COMMISSION. 2 1/ 



Indiana's Tribute 
To Her 
Fifty-eighth Regiment Infantry, 
Lieutenant-Colonel James T. Embree, Commanding. 
First Brigade (Buell). 
First Division (Wood). 
Twenty-tirst Corps (Crittenden). 

This regiment formed line of battle about 2:40 P. M. September 
19th. Charged the enemy driving him from Viniard house across and 
east of LaFayette road and reformed on line wkh. this monument, where 
a severe engagement ensued, with very heavy loss during the afternoon. 

Morning of September 20th went into position at Brotherton farm 
and was soon hotly engaged. Moved at 11 A. M., with its brigade to the 
left, and became involved in the break at the center. 

A considerable portion of the regiment rallied on Snodgrass Hill 
and remained till the close of the battle. 

Loss in battle: Killed, 16; wounded and missing, 155. 

(Location: East of \'iniard house in Viniard field.) 



Indiana's Tribute 
To Her 
Sixty-eighth Regiment Infantry. 
Captain Harvey J. Espy, Commanding. 
Second Brigade (King). 
Fourth Division (Reynolds). 
Fourteenth Corps (Thomas). 

Near noon September 19th this regiment was severely engaged 200 
yards east of LaFayette road, southeast of Brotherton's house. 

Sunday, September 20th, the regiment was engaged at 10 A. M. on 
the line where this monument stands, repulsing a prolonged attack. 
After the withdrawal of the brigade it was ordered soon after sundown to 
Snodgrass Hill where it remained until the Union troo[)S were withdrawn. 

Engaged 356; killed 17; wounded 108; missing 12 total loss 137. 

(Location: Poe field lire.) 



2l8 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



Indiana's Tribute 

To Her 

Seventy-second Regiment Mounted Infantry. 

Colonel Abram O. Miller, Commanding. 

F'irst Brigade (Wilder). 

Fourth Division (Reynolds). 

Fourteenth Corps (Thomas). 

This regiment first engaged the enemy at Alexander's and Reed's 
bridges, Friday morning September 18, 1868, holdmg them until 4 P. M., 
and then took position half mile east of Vmiard house and was engaged 
until 10 P. M. 

At daylight on Saturday morning took this position, holding it the 
entire day, twice charging and driving the enemy beyond the LaFay- 
ette road. 

Sunday morning formed line to south and west of Widow Glenn's 
house, became heavily engaged and about noon, after severe fighting, 
took position on Glenn's Hill holding it until 4 P. M. 

(Location: In edge of timber west of \'iniard house.) 



Indiana's Tribute 

To her 

Seventy-fourth Regiment Infantry. 

Colonel Charles W. Chapman / commanding. 

Lieutenant-Colonel Myron Baker. ) '^ 

Second Brigade (Croxton). 

Third Division (Brannan). 

Fourteenth Corps (Thomas). 

Here, on the morning of September 19th, 1863, this regiment with 
its brigade opened the battle of Chickamauga. After five hours fighting 
the enemy was repulsed on this part of the field. 

On Sunday, September 20th, this regiment with another was sepa- 
rated from its command and fought independently throughout the after- 
noon. 

Casualties: Officers killed and wounded 13; enlisted men killed 20; 
wounded 114; missing 10; total 157. 

(Location: North of White Smith's field in edge of timber.) 



INDIANA CHICKAMAUGA COMMISSION. 219 



Indiana's Tribute 

To Her 

Seventy-fifth Regiment Infantry. 

Colonel Milton S. Robinson } commanding. 

Lieutenant-Colonel William O Bnen ) '^ 

Second Brigade (Edward A. King). 

Fourth Division (Reynolds). 

Fourteenth Corps (Thomas). 

September 19th, about noon, was posted as reserve in rear of the 
brigade; at 2 P. M. successfully charged the enemy between Brotherton's 
and Poe's; afterwards relieving Grose's Brigade, which withdrew for 
ammunition, and near sundown supported collected batteries north of 
Poe's. 

September 20th engaged from 10 A. M. to 1 P. M. on extreme right 
of Division north of Poe's and withstood enemy's repeated assaults 
under Cleburne and Stewart; thence took position on the south side of 
Kelly field. At 5 P. M. was in charging column of Reynolds' in the 
vicinity of McDonald's. 

Number engaged, 8(50; killed, 17; wounded, 108; captured, 13. To- 
tal, 138. 



Indiana's Tribute 

To Her 

Seventy-ninth Regiment Infantry. 

Colonel Frederick Knefler, Commanding. 

First Brigade (Samuel Beatty). 

Third Division (VanCleve). 

Twenty-first Corps (Crittenden). 

Saturday, September 19th, 1863, this regiment became engaged 
with the enemy about 1 P. M., southeast of Brotherton House and east 
of the LaFayette road, and from the place where this monument stands 
went into the charge by which Carne's Confederate Battery was cap- 
tured. 

Sunday, September 20th, the regiment with its brigade was 
involved in the break at the center and soon withdrew from the field. 

(Location: Southeast of Brotherton's.) 



220 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



Indiana's Tribute 

To Her 

Eighty-first Regiment Infantry. 

Second Brigade (Carlin). 

P'irst Division (Davis). 

Twentieth Corps (McCook). 

This regiment left its position in the vicinity of Pond Spring Sep- 
tember 19th, marched past Crawfish Springs, and about 2 P. M. took 
position where this monument stands. After a severe fight the enemy 
was repulsed, but again advanced with stronger force, the Eighty-first 
retiring beyond the LaFayette road. Finally the enemy fell back stub- 
bornly, and the regiment regained this position. 

At 3 o'clock on the morning of the 20th the regiment was moved 
near to Widow Glenn's. It was afterwards ordered with its division to 
the right of Wood's division near Brotherton's. About 11 o'clock was 
desperately engaged, the enemy advancing in overwhelmmg numbers 
and breaking the Union line, when the regiment, with the rest of its 
division, was forced off the field. 

Killed, 4; wounded, 60; missing, 23. Total, 87. 

(Location: South side X'lniard field, east of LaFayette road.) 



Indiana's Tribute 

To Her 

Eighty-Second Regiment Infantry. 

Colonel Morton C. Hunter, Commanding. 

First Brigade (Connell). 

Third Division (Brannan). 

Fourteenth Corps (Thomas). 

This regiment. Colonel Morton C. Hunter commanding, reached 
the front September 19th at 11 A. M., and supported Church's battery, 
which had been sent up to VanDerveer's line. At night it was moved 
to the extreme right of the corps. 

On the morning of September 20th it occupied the right of the 
second line of the brigade, east of the Dyer House and northwest of the 
Brotherton House. When the front line was driven from the works by 
Longstreet's fierce attack, just before noon. Colonel Hunter ordered the 
Eighty-second to charge, which it did in gallant style, recapturing and 
holding the works, but being immediately outflanked and almost sur- 
rounded, it fell back fighting until it reached the site of this monument 
at a little after 12 M. The Eighty-second was the first regiment of 
Brannan's division that formed a line of battle on Snodgrass Hill, which 
line was firmly held against all assaults until night put an end to the battle. 

Killed, 20; wounded, 68; missing, 23. 

(Location: Snodgrass Hi 1.) 



INDIANA CHICKAMAUGA COMMISSION. 221 



Indiana's Tribute 

To Her 

Eighty-fourth Regiment Infantry. 

Colonel Nelson Trusler, Commanding. 

First Brigade (Whitaker). 

First Division (Steedman). 

Reserve Corps (Granger). 

September 18th this regiment was engaged on the extreme left of 
the army near Ringgold bridge, and on the morning of the 19th was 
stationed on the hills near McAfee's Church. Skirmished with the 
enemy until 1 P. M., when he attacked in large force and severe fighting 
was kept up until .'"> P. M., when the enemy drew off. 

September 20th, still in position near McAfee's Church, until about 
12 M., when the regiment marched to the sound of the firing at Snod- 
grass Hill, arriving at this point about 2:30 P. M., and engaged in the 
charge and desperate combat which took place here, assisting in driving 
back the enemy and saving the right. 

Loss: Killed, 23; wounded, 97; missing, 13. Total, 133. 

(Location: West,of Granger's headcjuarters monu.ment, Snodgrass 
Hill.) 



— Indiana's Tribute 
To Her 
Eighty-sixth Regiment Infantry. 

George F. Dick, Colonel. 
Second Brigade (Dick). 
Third Division (V^anCleve). 
Twrnty-first Corps (Crittenden). 

Friday P. M., September 18th, 1863, this regiment with its brigade 
was ordered from Crawfish Springs to support Wood's Division, then 
engaged near Lee & Gordon's Mill. 

Saturday, September 19th, with its brigade, met and rejiulsed the 
severe charge t)f Stewart's Division east of LaFayette road, after which it 
was ordered to the position where this monument stands, and aided in suc- 
cessfully resisting the fierce assaults of the enemy from 4 until 4:30 P. M., 
when it was compelled to retire by reason of a heavy flank movement of 
the enemy on the right. 

Sunday morning, September 20th, in line west of LaFayette road 
near Kelly field, severely entraged for a short time with Breckenridge's 
troops, and upon retirinij took position on the next idge beyond the 
Snodgrass House, and about 5 P. M. marched to McF.irland's Gap. 

(Location: West of LaFayette road, South of Brotherton House.) 



222 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



Indiana's Tribute 

To Her 

Eighty-seventh Regiment Infantry. 

Colonel Newell Gleason, Commanding. 

Third Brigade (Vanderveer). 

Third Division (Brannan). 

Fourteenth Corps (Thomas). 

September 19th, 1863, engaged near Reed's Bridge and tower, south 
of the cross-roads. Supported the 9th Ohio when it charged the enemy 
and re-captured Burnham's Regular Battery; with the brigade withstood 
the last attack on the Union left. 

September 20th, 1863, from 11 A. M. to 1 P. M. was engaged in 
Kelly field east of the LaFayette road. About 11 A. M. the regiment 
was attacked with great fury; repulsed the enemy and drove him beyond 
the field. At 1:30 P. M. retired to Snodgrass Hill, where this monument 
stands, and was engaged there until 7:30 P. M. 

Went into battle with effective force of 366: Killed 7 officers, 33 
enlisted men; wounded 4 officers, 138 enlisted men; missing 8; total cas- 
ualties 190. Percentage of loss 51.5. 

(Location: East of 2nd Minn. Mont, on Snodgrass Hill.) 



Indiana's Tribute 

To Her 

Eighty-Eighth Regiment Infantry. 

Colonel George Humphrey, Commanding. 

First Brigade (John Beatty). 

Second Division (Negley). 

Fourteenth Corps (Thomas). 

On September 19th, 1863, up to 5 P. M. this regiment was in the 
vicinity of Glass' Mill, where with its brigade it supported Bridge's and 
part of Schultz's Batteries in an engagement with the enemy. In the 
evening it moved to the Brotherton place and bivouacked. 

On Sunday morning, September 20th, it moved with its brigade to 
this position, where the brigade being assailed by the brigades of Adams 
and Stovall, was broken, and the regiment forced southwestward toward 
Snodgrass Hill. It took position in support of General Negley's Artil- 
lery, and afterwards accompanied this officer to Rossville. 

(Location : McDonald Field, North end, west of LaFayette Road.) 



INDIANA CHICKAMAUGA COMMISSION. 223 



Indiana's Tribute 

To Her 

One Hundred and First Regiment Infantry. 

Lieutenant-Colonel Thomas Doan, Commanding:. 

Second Brigade (King). 

Fourth Division (Reynolds). 

Fourteenth Corps (Thomas). 

Went into battle about one o'clock P. M., September 19th, in the 
woods near Brotherton's. Vigorously engaged most of the afternoon, 
when it moved near the Foe field. 

Morning of the 20th assigned position where this monument stands 
and assisted in holding it against fierce assaults by the enemy, until near 
noon, when it was moved to a new line formed south of the Kelly field, 
from which it helped to drive the enemy. About 6 o'clock, by order of 
General Thomas, this regiment reported to General Brannan at Snod- 
grass Hill. After the fighting was over, about h* o'clock P. M., was 
ordered from the field. 



Indiana's Tribute 

To Her 
Fourth Battery. 
Lieutenant David Flansburg and 
Lieutenant Henry J. Willitts, Commanding. 
Second Brigade (Starkweather). 
First Division (Baird). 
Fourteenth Corps (Thomas). 

September 19th, this battery went into action northwest of the 
Reed field at 10 A. M.; five of its guns were captured, but were soon re- 
covered, and the battery retired to refit. 

It then returned to the field with four guns, and was engaged in 
the night fighting in which Colonel Baldwin was killed. It subsequently 
withdrew to the Kelly field. 

September 20th, moved into this position at 9 A. M. and held it 
until 5:30 P. M., at times fighting desperately, and at sunset retired with 
the brigade to Rossville. 

(Location: East of Kelly field.) 



224 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



Indiana's Tribute 

To Her 

Fifth Battery. 

Captain Peter Simonson, Commanding. 

Third Brigade (Baldwin). 

Second Division (Johnson). 

Twentieth Corps (McCook). 

Saturday, September 19th, I860, at 1 P. M., this battery went into 
position and was actively engaged with its brigade in the Reed field near 
the place where Colonel Baldwin was killed, losing one gun. 

Sunday morning, September 20th, the battery was ordered to this 
position and here remained hotly engaged at intervals during the day. 
A second gun was disabled and lost. 

During the two days' battle this battery fired over 1,200 rounds of 
ammunition. 

(Location: Ridge east of Kelly field.) 



Indiana's Tribute 

To Her 

Seventh Battery. 

Captain George R. Swallow, Commanding. 

First Brigade (Samuel Beatty). 

Third Division (VanCleve). 

Twenty-first Corps (Crittenden). 

Saturday, September 19th, 186;!, this battery went into action at this 
place and was severely engaged. The horses of two of the guns were 
killfed and the guns were taken from the field by hand. The other guns 
remained engaged until near night, when they were withdrawn. 

On Sunday, September 20th, the position of the battery was left of 
the Tan Yard and west of Brotherton's. 

It changed position to the north of Brotherton's, fighting. Retired 
from the field under orders from General Negley. 

(Location: On ridge south of Brotherton's. 



INDIANA CHICKAMAUGA COMMISSION. 22$ 



Indiana's Tribute 

To Her 

Eighth Battery. 

Captain George Estep, Commanding. 

First Brigade (Buell). 

First Division (Wood). 

Twenty-first Corps (Crittenden). 

Friday, September 18th, 1863, this battery was in action with its 
brigade near Lee & Gordon's Mill. Afternoon of September 19th was 
moved to this position and went into action and became heavily en- 
gaged. Here five horses of one gun were killed, and the supports fall- 
ing back, the battery retired and the gun wis lost. 

The line was retaken and the battery again occupied this position. 
Here in an overwhelming charge three guns were lost, but were retaken 
by a counter charge. 

Sunday, September 20th, went into position on the western edge of 
the Dyer field, north of the Dyer House. Was engaged until the horses 
were all killed and ihe battery captured. 

(Location: East of Viniard House on Lafayette road.) 



Indiana's Tribute 

To Her 

Eleventh Battery. 

Captain Arnold Sutermeister, Commanding. 

First Brigade (Lytle). 

Third Division (Sheridan). 

Twentieth Corps (McCook). 

September 19th this battery came upon the field near Lee & Gor- 
don's Mill on Chickamauga Creek. 

About 12 M. was ordered to the center and took position south of 
Viniard's; later was ordered back to Lee & Gordon's Mill to guard the 
ford. 

September 20th, at 3 A. M., took position near General McCook's 
headquarters, remaining until near noon when it was moved to this posi- 
tion, where it became desperately engaged, the Union line having been 
broken. Here, the horses of one section being killed, the guns were 
lost. 

Killed and died of wounds 5; wounded 1 officer and 11 men; miss- 
ing 2; total loss 19. 

(Location: At foot of Lytle Hill, near Glenn Kelly road.) 
15 



226 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V, I. 



Indiana's Tribute 

To Her 

Eighteenth Battery, 

Captain Eli Lilly, Commanding. 

First Brigade (Wilder). 

Fourth Division (Reynolds). 

Fourteenth Corps (Thomas). 

On September 18th, 1863, this battery was engaged with Wilder's 
brigade in preventing the advance of the enemy at Alexander's Bridge. 
Night of September 18th east of Viniard field engaged with the brigade 
in the night fight and in holding the enemy in check. 

September 19th was hotly engaged during the afternoon where this 
monument stands and in this vicinity doing great damage to the enemy. 

Sunday, September 20th, actively engaged at Widow Glenn's house 
until 12 M. Retired with the army from the field. 

(Location: West of Viniard House, in edge of timber.) 



Indiana's Tribute 

To Her 

Nineteenth Battery. 

Captain Samuel J. Harris, J Commanding. 

Lieutenant Robert S. Lackey ^ 

Second Brigade (King). 

Fourth Division (Reynolds). 

Fourteenth Corps (Thomas). 

Saturday, September 19th, 1863, this battery reached Crawfish 
Springs at 7 A. M., after an all-night's march from Pond Springs, thence 
moved to vicinity of Brotherton's, and about 3:30 P. M. went into action 
south of the Poe House and west of the Lafayette road, where Captaiu 
Harris was wounded. Being flanked on the right the battery withdrew 
to the north side of the Poe field, and was there engaged. 

Sunday, September 20th, the battery became engaged at 10 A.M. 
where this monument stands, and was in action here until noon. It was 
then moved to the south side of Kelly field, a little northwest of where 
Colonel King's monument now stands, remaining there until 5:30 P. M., 
when the battery retired, taking the body of Colonel King on a caisson. 

Casualties: Two enlisted men killed; captain and 15 men wound 
ed; 2 missing. Aggregate loss, 20. 

(Location: On Poe field line west of LaFayette road.) 



INDIANA CHICKAMAUGA COMMISSION. 22/ 



Indiana's Tribute 

To Her 

Twenty-first Battery. 

Captain William W. Andrew, Commanding. 

First Brigade (Turchin). 

Fourth Division (Reynolds). 

Fourteenth Corps (Thomas). 

September 19th, 1863, this battery went into action northeast of the 
Poe House, and fired 180 rounds. At 3 P. AI. was moved near to Brock 
field and took positijn, and went into action, firing case and canister 
until about 4:30 P. M., when the brigade withdrew. 

September 20th, went into position at this point and was engaged 
for several hours, after which moved a short distance to the rear and 
was engaged until 2 P. M., when it was ordered to the rear and out of 
action. 

(Location: Southeast of Kelly held, Turchin's line.) 



Indiana's Tribute 

To Her 

Second Regiment Cavalry. 

Major David A. Briggs, Commanding. 

Second Brigade (Ray). 

First Division (E. M. McCook). 

Cavalry Corps (Mitchell). 

The 19th of September, 1863, this regiment was guarding the sup- 
ply train in the rear of the army, and after skirmishing all day the train 
was brought safely to Crawfish Springs. 

On September 20th the regiment was held in line of battle near 
Crawfish Springs, and retired to Dry \'alley that night. 
, Killed, 1; wounded, 4. 

(Location: West of Wilder Monument, Glenn Hill.) 



228 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



Indiana's Tribute 

To Her 

Fourth Regiment Cavalry. 

Lieutenant-Colonel John T. Deweese, Commanding. 

Second Brigade (Ray). 

First Division (E. M. McCook). 

Cavalry Corps (Mitchell). 

On the 19th of September, 1863, this regiment when guardmg the 
supply trains about one mile from Steven's Gap, had a spirited skirmish 
with the enemy's cavalry, repulsing it and bringing the train through. 

On Sunday morning, the 20th, the regiment with its brigade was in 
line of battle near Crawfish Springs, and skirmished with the enemy 
until 4 P. M., when it was ordered to fall back by the Dry Valley Road. 

(Location: Glenn Hill, southwest of Wilder Monument.) 



Indiana. 

Sixth Regiment Infantry (Tripp). 

Third Brigade (Baldwin). 

Second Division (Johnson). 

Twentieth Corps (McCook). 

Saturday, September 19th, 1863, 3 P. M. to 9 P. M. 

(Location: N. end Winfrey field.) 



2. Indiana. 

Ninth Regiment Infantry '^Suman). 
Second Brigade (Hazen). 
Second Division (Palmer). 
Twenty-first Corps (Crittenden). 
Was sent to this position at dusk of September 20th from Snod- 
grass field, lost some men by capture, with the three regiments that were 
captured on the right; fired into the capturing force, and held this posi- 
tion until 8 P. M., when it withdrew. 

(Location: On Snodgrass Hill, facing south, 150 ft. W. of Tower.) 



Indiana. 

Ninth Regiment Infantry (Suman). 

Second Brigade (Hazen). 

Second Division (Palmer). 

Twenty-first Corps (Crittenden). 

Sunday, September 20th, 1863, 4 P. M. to 5:30 P. M. 

(Location: Harker Hill.) 



INDIANA CHICKAMAUGA COMMISSION. 229 



Indiana. 

Ninth Regiment Infantry (Suman). 

Second Brigade (Hazen). 

Second Division (Palmer). 

Twenty-first Corps (Crittenden). 

Saturday, September 19th, 5:30 P. M. to Sunday, September 

20th, 3:80 P. M. 

(Location: Line east of Kelly field.) 



5. Indiana. 

Ninth Regiment Infantry (Suman). 

Second Brigade (Hazen). 

Second Division (Palmer). 

Twenty-first Corps (Crittenden). 

Saturday, September 19th, 1863, 1 P. M. to 3:30 P. M. 

(Location: North end Brock field, near Brotherton road.) 



Indiana. 

Tenth Regiment Infantry (Carroll). 

Second Brigade (Croxton). 

Third Division (Brannan). 

Fourteenth Corps (Thomas). 

Sunday, September 20th, 1863, 4 P. M. to 5 P. M. 

(Location: East of Kelly field.) 



7. Indiana. 

Tenth Regiment Infantry (Carroll). 

Second Brigade (Croxton). 

Third Division (Brannan). 

Fourteenth Corps (Thomas). 

Saturday, September 19th, 1863. about 10 A. M. 

(Location: In edge of tmiber, N. of Winfroy field.) 



Indiana. 

Tenth Regiment Infantry (Carroll). 

Second Brigade (Croxton). 

Third Division (Brannan). 

Fourteenth Corps (Thomas). 

Sunday, September 20th, 1863, 8 A. M. to 11 A. M. 

(Location: Poe field line 20 ft. S. 105th Ohio Mont.) 



230 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 

9. Indiana. 

Tenth Regiment Infantry (Carroll). 

Second Brigade (Croxton). 

Third Division (Brannan). 

Fourteenth Corps (Thomas). 

Sunday, September 20th, 1863, 6 P. M. to 8 P. M. 

(Location: Snodgrass Hil'.) 



10. Indiana. 

Seventeenth Regiment (Mounted) Infantry (Jones) 

First Brigade (Wilder). 

Fourth Division (Reynolds). 

Fourteenth Corps (Thomas). 

Friday, September 18th. 1863, 10 A. M. 

(Location: Alexander Bridge.) 



11. Indiana 

Seventeenth Regiment (Mounted) Infantry (Jones). 
First Brigade (Wilder). 
Fourth Division (Reynolds). 
Fourteenth Corps (Thomas). 
Friday, September 18th, 1868, 7 P. M., to Saturday, September 
19th, 1863, 4 A. M. 
(Location: Fast of Viniard's field.) 



13. Indiana. 

Seventeenth Regiment (Mounted) Infantry (Jones). 

First Brigade (Wilder . 

Fourth Division (Reynolds). 

Fourteenth Corps (Thomas). 

Friday, September 18th, 1863, 5 P. M. to 7 P. M. 

(Location: Near junc. Dalton Fd. & Vin., east road.) 



14. Indiana. 

Seventeenth Regiment (Mounted) Infantry (Jones). 

First Brigade (Wilder). 

Fourth Division (Reynolds). 

Fourteenth Corps (Thomas). 

Sunday, September 20th, 1863, 12 M. to 3 P. M. 

(Location: Glenn Hill, South W. of Wilder Monument.) 



INDIANA CHICKAMAUGA COMMISSION. 23 I 



15. Indiana. 

Twenty-ninth Regiment Infantry (Dunn). 

Second Brigade (Dodge). 

Second Division (Johnson). 

Twentieth Corps (McCook). 

Saturday, September 19th, 1868, 8 P. M. to 7 P. M. 

(Location: West of Preston Smith's Monument.) 



16. Indiana. 

Thirtieth Regiment Infantry (Hurd). 

Second Brigade (Dodge). 

Second Division (Johnson). 

Twentieth Corps (McCook). 

Saturday, September lyth, 1868, 3 P. M. to 7 P. M. 

(Location: West of Alex. Road & South of Bro. Rd.) 



17. Indiana. 

Thirty-first Regiment Infantry (Smith). 

First Brigade (Cruft). 

Second Division (Palmer). 

Twenty-first Corps (Crittenden). 

SatuTday, September 19th, 1868, 1 P. M. to 4 P. M. 

(Location: West of Brock field, near branch.) 



18. Indiana. 

Thirty-first Regiment Infantry (Smith). 

First Brigade (Cruft). 

Second Division (Palmer). 

Twenty-first Corps (Crittenden). 

Saturday, September 19th, 1868, 4 P. M. till night. 

(Location: N. of Bro. Rd.) 



19. Indiana. 

Thirty-second Regiment Infantry (Erdelmeyer). 

First Brigade (Willich). 

Second Division (Johnson). 

Twentieth Corps (McCook). 

Sunday, September 20, 1868, 9 A. M. to 4 P. M. 

(Location: Ridge east of Kelly field. 



232 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



20. Indiana. 

Thirty-fifth Regiment Infantry (Dufficy). 

Third Brigade (Barnes). 

Third Division (VanCieve). 

Twenty-first Corps (Crittenden). 

Saturday, September 19th, 1863, 8 P. M. until dark. 

(Location: About one-fourth mile south of Viniard House, east of La- 

Fayette road. 



21. Indiana. 

Thirty-fifth Regiment Infantry (Dufficy). 

Third Brigade (Barnes). 

Third Division (VanCieve). 

Twenty-first Corps (Crittenden). 

Sunday, September 20th, 1863, 3 A.M. to 9 A. M. 

(Location: Near graves west of Dyer's.) 



22. Indiana. 

Thirty-sixth Regiment Infanlry. 

Third Brigade (Grose). 

Second Division (Palmer). 

Twenty-first Corps (Crittenden). 

Saturday, September 19th, 1863, until 3 P. M. 

(Location: Southeast of Georgia Monument and north of Brotherton 

road.) 



23. Indiana. 

Thirty-sixth Regiment Infantry. 

Third Brigade (Grose). 

Second Division (Palmer). 

Twenty-first Corps (Crittenden). 

Sunday, September 20th, 1863, 9 A. M. 

(Location: Line east of Kelly field.) 



24. Indiana. 

Thirty-seventh Regiment Infantry (Hull). 

Third Brigade (Sirwell). 

Second Division (Negley). 

Fourteenth Corps (Thomas). 

Sunday, September 20th, 1863, 12:30 P. M. 

(Location: Harker Hill near barn.) 



INDIANA CHICKAMAUGA COMMISSION. 233 



"25. Indiana. 

Thirty-eighth Regiment Infantry (Griffin). 

Third Brigade (Scribner), 

First Division (Baird). 

Fourteenth Corps (Thomas). 

Saturday, September 19th, 1863, 10 A. M. to 11 A. M. 

(Location: Winfrey field north of Brotherton road.) 



26. Indiana. 

Fortv-second Reginrent Infantry (Mclntire). 

First Brigade (J. Beatty). 

Second Division (Negley). 

Fourteenth Corps (Thomas). 

Saturday, September 19ih, 1863, 6:30 P. M. until 7:80 A. M. 

Sunday, September 20th, 1863. 
(Location: West of Glenn Kelly road, east of Lytle Hill.) 



"27. Indiana. 

Forty-second Regiment Infantry (Mclntire). 

First Brigade (J. Beatty). 

Second Division (Negley). 

Fourteenth Corps (Thomas). 

September 20th, 1863, 8:45 A. M. to 9 A. M. 

(Location: East of LaFayette road, south of Kentucky Monument.) 



■28. Indiana. 

Forty-fourth Regiment Infantry (Aldrich). 

Second Brigade (Dick). 

Third Division (VanCleve). 

Twenty-first Corps (Crittenden). 

Friday, September 18th, 1863, 8 P. M. to Saturday, September 19th, 

4 A. M. 
(Location: Southeast of Viniard field.) 



29. Indiana. 

Forty-fourth Regiment Infantry (Aldrich). 

Second Brigade (Dick). 

Third Division (VanCleve). 

Twenty-first Corps (Crittenden). 

Sunday, September 20th, 1863, 10 A. M. to 11 A. M. 

(Location: West of LaFayette road at north end of Kelly field.) 



2 34 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 

30. Indiana. 

Forty-fourth Regiment Infantry (Aldrich). 

Second Brigade (Dick). 

Third Division (VanCleve.) 

Twenty-first Corps (Crittenden). 

Sunday, September 20th, 1863, 2 P. M. to 5 P. M. 

(Location: Harker Hill.) 



31. Indiana. 

Forty-fourth Regiment Infantry (Aldrich). 

Second Brigade (Dick). 

Third Division (VanCleve). 

Twenty-first Corps (Crittenden). 

Saturday, September 19th, 1863, 2 P. M. to 3:30 P. M. 

(Location: Southeast of Brotherton's.) 



32. Indiana. 

Fifty-eighth Regiment Infantry (Embree). 

First Brigade (Buell). 

First Division (Wood.) 

Twenty-first Corps (Crittenden). 

Sunday, September 20th, 1863, 2 P. M. to 7 P. M. 

(Location: Snodgrass Hill, east end.) 



33. Indiana. 

Sixty-eighth Regiment Infantry (Espy). 

Second Brigade (King). 

Fourth Division (Reynolds). 

Fourteenth Corps (Thomas). 

Saturday, September 19th, 1863, 3 P. M. 

(Location: Southeast of Brotherton's.) 



34. Indiana. 

Sixty-eighth Regiment Infantry (Espy). 

Second Brigade (King). 

Fourth Division (Reynolds). 

Fourteenth Corps (Thomas). 

Sunday, September 20th, 1863, 6 P. M. to 7:30 P. M. 

(Location: Northwest of Tower, Snodgrass Hill.) 



INDIANA CHICKAMAUGA COMMISSION. 235 

Indiana. 

Sixty-eighth Regiment Infantry (Espy). 

Second Brigade (King). 

Fourth Division (Reynolds). 

Fourteenth Corps (Thomas). 

Sunday, September 20th, 1863, 12 M. to 5 P. M. 

(Location: In woods south of Kelly field, on Turchin's right rear.) 



Indiana. 

Seventy-second Regiment (Mounted) Infantry (Miller). 

First Brigade (Wilder). 

Fourth Division (Reynolds). 

Fourteenth Corps (Thomas). 

Friday, September 18th, 1863, 10 A. M. to 4 P. M. 

(Location: Alexander Bridge.) 



Indiana. 

Seventy-second Regiment (Mounted) Infantry (Miller). 

First Brigade (Wilder). 

Fourth Division (Reynolds). 

Fourteenth Corps (Thomas). 

Friday, September 18th, 1863, 5 P. M. to 6 P. M. 

(Location: Junction Dalton Ford and east \nniard road.) 



Indiana. 

Seventy- second Regiment (Mounted) Infantry (Miller). 

,First Brigade (Wilder). 

Fourth Division (Reynolds). 

Fourteenth Corps (Thomas). 

Sunday, September 20th, 1863, 12 M. to 3 P. M. 

(Location: Glen Hill.) 



I. Indiana. 

Seventy-second Regiment (Mounted) Infantry (Miller). 

First Brigade (Wilder). 

Fourth Division (Reynolds). 

Fourteenth Corps (Thomas). 

Friday, September 18th, 1863, 7 P. M. to 4 A. M. September 19th. 

(Location: East of Viniard field.) 



236 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



40. Indiana. 

Seventv-second Regiment Infantry. 

(Mounted) (Miller). 

First Brigade (Wilder) 

Fourth Division (Reynolds). 

Fourteenth Corps (Thomas). 

Saturday, September 19th, 1863, 3 P. M. 

(Location: East of LaFayette road, north of Viniard's.) 



41. Indiana. 

Seventy-fourth Regiment Infantry (Chapman). 

» Second Brigade (Croxton). 

Third Division (Brannan). 

Fourteenth Corps (Thomas). 

Saturday, September 19th, 1863, 10 A. M. 

(Location: In edge of timber north of Winfroy field.) 



42. Indiana. 

Seventy-fourth Regiment Infantry (Chapman). 

Second Brigade (Croxton). 

Third Division (Brannan). 

Fourteenth Corps (Thomas). 

Saturday, September 19th, 1863, 12:30 P. M. 

(Location: East of Kelly field near Eleventh Ohio Monument. 



43. Indiana. 

Seventy-fourth Regiment Infantry (Chapman). 

Second Brigade (Croxton). 

Third Division (Brannan). 

Fourteenth Corps (Thomas). 

Saturday, September 19th, 1863, 3:30 P. M. 

(Location: Poe field line.) 



44. Indiana. 

Seventy-fourth Regiment Infantry (Chapman). 

Second Brigade (Croxton). 

Third Division (Brannan). 

Fourteenth Corps (Thomas). 

Sunday, September 20th, 1863, 6 P. M. to 7:30 P. M. 

(Location: Snodgrass Hill, 50 feet north of Second Minnesota M^ 

ment.) 



INDIANA CHICKAMAUGA COMMISSION. 237 

Indiana. 

Seventy-fifth Regiment Infantry (Robinson). 

Second Brigade (King). 

Fourth Division (Neynolds). 

Fourteenth Corps (Thomas). 

Saturday, September 19th, 1868, 8 P. M. 

(Location: North of Brotherton road on Grose's line.) 



Indiana. 

Seventy-fifth Regiment Infantry (Robinson). 

Second Brigade (King). 

Fouith Division (Reynolds). 

Fourteenth Corps (Thomas). 

Sunday, September 20, 1868, 10 A. M. to 12 M. 

(Location: In rear of Turchin's right, N. of Poe field.) 



Indiana. 

Seventy-ninth Regiment Infantry iKnefifler). 

First Brigade J. Beatty). 

Third Division (V^anCleve). 

Twenty-first Corps (Crittenden). 

Saturday, September 19th, 1868, 2:30 P. M. 

(Location: Southeast of Brotherton's, at Carnes Battery.) 



Indiana. 

Eighty-second Regiment Infantry (Hunter). 

First Brigade (C nncli). 

Third Division (Brannan). 

Fourteenth Corps (Thomas.) 

Saturday, September 19th, 1868, 9 A. M. to 12 M. 

(Location: At Reeds Bridge Tower.) 



Indiana. 

Eighty-second Regiment Infantry (Hunter). 

First Brigade (Connell). 

Third Division (Brannan). 

Fourteenth Corps (Thomas). 

Sunday, September 20th, 1868, 9:30 A. M. to 11:30 A. M. 

(Location: West of LaFayette road, S. \V. of Georgia Mont.) 



238 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



50. Indiana. 

Eighty-sixth Regiment Infantry (Dick). 

Second Brigade (Dick). 

Third Division (VanCleve). 

Twenty-first Corps (Crittenden). 

Saturday, September 19th, 1863, 2 P. M. 

(Location: Southeast of Brotherton's.) 



51. Indiana. 

Eighty-sixth Regiment Infantry (Major Dick). 

Second Brigade (Dick). 

Third Division (VanCleve). 

Twenty-first Corps (Crittenden). 

Friday night, September 18th, 1863. 

(Location: Southeast of Viniard Field.) 



52. Indiana. 

Eighty-sixth Regiment Infantry (Major Dick). 
Second Brigade (Colonel Dick). 

Third Division (VanCleve). 

Twenty-first Corps (Crittenden). 

Sunday, September 20th, 1863, 12 M. 

(Location: Harker Hill.) 



53. Indiana. 

Eighty- sixth Regiment Infantry. 
Second Brigade (Colonel Dick). 

Third Division (VanCleve). 

Twenty-first Corps (Crittenden). 

Sunday, September 20th, 1863, 11 A. M. to 12 M. 

(Location: West of LaFayette road at north end of Kelly field.) 



54. Indiana. 

Eighty-seventh Regiment Infantry (Gleason). 

Third Brigade (VanDerveer). 

Third Division (Brannan). 

Fourteenth Corps (Thomas). 

Saturday, September 19th, 1863, 8 A. M. 

(Location: East of Tower, Reed's Bridge.) 



INDIANA CHICKAMAUGA COMMISSION. 239 

55. Indiana. 

Eighty-seventh Regiment Infantry. 

Third Brigade (VanDerveer). 

Third Division (Brannan). 

Fourteenth Corps (Thomas). 

Sunday, September 20th, 1868, 10 A. M. 

(Location: North end of Kelly field.) 



56. Indiana. 

Eighty-eighth Regiment Infantry (Humphrey). 

First Brigade (J. Beatty). 

Second Division (Negley). 

Fourteenth Corps (Thomas). 

Saturday, September 19th, 1863, 6:30 P. M. to 7:30 A. M. 

(Location: On Glenn Kelly road, east of Lytle Hill.) 



57. Indiana. 

Eighty-eighth Regiment Infantry (Humphrey). 

First Brigade (J. Beatty). 

Second Division (Negley). 

Fourteenth Corps (Thomas). 

Sunday^September 20th, 1863, 8:45 A. M. 

(Location: West of LaFayette road, south of Kentucky Monument 



58. Indiana. 

One Hundred and First Regiment Infantry (Doan) 

Second Brigade (King). 

Fourth Division (Reynolds). 

Fourteenth Corps (Thomas). 

Saturday, September 19th, 1863, 2 P. M. to 3 P. M. 

(Location: Southeast of Brotherton's.) 



59. Indiana. 

One Hundred and First Regiment Infantry (Doan). 

Second Brigade (King). 

Fourth Division (Reynolds). 

Fourteenth Corps (Thomas). 

Sunday, September 20th, 1863, 5 P. M. to 7:30 P. M. 

(Location: N. W. of Tower, Snodgrass Hill.) 



240 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 

60. Indiana. 

One Hundred and First Regiment Infantry (Doan). 

Second Brigade (King). 

Fourth Division (Reynolds). 

Fourteenth Corps (Thomas). 

Sunday, September 20th, 1863, 12:30 P. M. to 4 P. M. 

(Location: North of Poe field, in timber west of Turchin's 

line of Sunday.) 

Inscription on stone east of the LaFayette road, oppo- 
site north end of McDonald's field: 

September 20th, 1863, 9:30 A. M., Captain (later Lieutenant-Col- 
onel) W. M. Cockrum.i Forty-second Indiana Infantry, was desperately 
wounded at this pomt. 

Erected by soldiers of the Forty-second Indiana Infantry. 



61. Indiana. 

Seventh Battery (Swallow). 

First Brigade (Sam Beatty). 

Third Division (VanCleve). 

Twenty-first Corps (Crittenden). 

Saturday night, September 19th, 1863, to Sunday, September 20th, 1863. 

(Location: On hill west of Dyers.) 



62. Indiana. 

Fourth Battery (Flansburg). 

Second Brigade (Starkweather). 

First Division (Baird). 

Fourteenth Corps (Thomas). 

Saturday, September 19th, 1863, 6 P. M. to 7 P. M. 

(Location: North end of Winfrey field.) 



63. Indiana. 

Fourth Battery (Flansburg). 

Second Brigade (Starkweather). 

First Division (Baird). 

Fourteenth Corps (Thomas). 

Saturday, September I9th, 1863, 11:30 A. M. 

(Location: Northwest Winfrey field.) 

1 — Lieutenant-Colonel Cockrum is a member of the Indiana Chickamauga Commission. 



INDIANA CHICKAMAUGA COMMISSION. 24 1 

64. Indiana. 

Fifth Battery (Simonson). 

Third Brigade (Baldwin). 

Second Division (Johnson). 

Twentieth Corps (McCook). 

Saturday, September 19th, 1868, 3 P. M. to 7 P. M. 

(Location: North end Winfrey field.) 



65. Indiana. 

Seventh liattery (Swallow). 

First Brigade (Sam Beatty). 

Third Division (VanCleve). 

Twenty-first Corps (Critten len). 

Saturday, September 19th, 1863, 5 P. M. to 7 P. M. 

(Location: Poe field line.) 



66. Indiana. 

Eighth Battery (Estep). 

First Brigade (Buell). 

First Division (Wood). 

Twenty-first Corps (Crittenden). 

Sunday, Se-^ember 20th, 1863, 12 M., Battery captured. 

(Location: On hill west of Glenn Kelly road, north of Dyers' 



Indiana. 
Eighteenth Battery (Lilly). 

First Brigade (Wilder). 

Fourth Division (Reynolds). 

Fourteenth Corps (Thomas). 

Saturday, September 19th, 1863, 4:30 P. M. 

(Location: Poe line.) 



68. Indiana. 

Eighteenth Battery (Lilly). 

First Brigade (Wilder). 

Fourth Division (Reynolds). 

Fourteenth Corps (Thomas*. 

Saturday, September 19th, 1863, 2:30 P. M. to 5 P. M. 

(Location: West of LaFayette road at Viniard's. 



242 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



g9 Indiana. 

Eighteenth Battery (Lilly). 

First Brigade (Wilder). • 

Fourth Division (Reynolds). 

Fourteenth Corps (Thomas). 

Sunday, September 20th, 1863, 12 M. 

(Location: Glen Hill.) 



7Q Indiana. 

Eighteenth Battery (Lilly). 

First Brigade (Wilder). 

Fourth Division (Reynolds). 

Fourteenth Corps (Thomas). 

Friday, September 18th, 1863, 10 A. M. to 4 P. M. 

(Location: Near Alexander House.) 



71 Indiana. 

Eighteenth Battery (Lilly). 

First Brigade (Wilder). 

Fourth Division (Reynolds). 

Fourteenth Corps (Thomas). 

Friday, September 18th, 1863, 5:30 P. M. to 9 P. M. 

(Location: At Junction Viniard east and Dalton Ford road. 



72. Indiana. 

Eighteenth Battery (Lilly). 

First Brigade (Wilder). 

Fourth Division (Reynolds). 

Fourteenth Corps (Thomas). 

Friday, September 18tb, 1863, 5 P. M. to 7 P. M. 

(Location: At Park House.) 



73 Indiana. 

Nmeteenth Battery (Hams).' 

Second Brigade (KingK 

Fourth Division (Reynolds). 

Fourteenth Corps (Thomas). 

Saturday, September 19th. 1863, 4:60 P. M. 

1— This marker not creeled on the tattlefield. 



INDIANA CHICKAMAUGA COMMISSION. 243 



^4. Indiana. 

Nineteenth Battery (Harris). 

Second Brigade (King). 

Fourth Division (Reynolds). 

Fourteenth Corps (Thomas). 

Sunday, September 20th, 1863, 12 M. to 5:30 P. M. 

(Location: South end of Kelly field, 100 yards east of LaFayette road.) 



'''5. Indiana. 

Nineteenth Battery (Harris). 

Second Brigade (King). 
Fourth Division (Reynolds). 
Fourteenth Corps (Thomas). 
Saturday, September 19th, 1868, 4 P. M. to 10 P. M. 
(Location: East of LaFayette road in Poe field and east of One Hun- 
dred and First Indiana Monument.) 



76. Indiana. 

Nineteenth Battery (Harris). 
Second Brigade (King). 

Fourth Division (Reynolds). 

Fourteenth Corps (Thomas). 

Saturday, September 19th, 1863, 12 to 4 P. M. 

(Location: South of Poe field, west of LaFayette road.) 



A review of all the acts of the Indiana Commission, 
locating organizations and preparing inscriptions for monu- 
ments and markers of Indiana troops engaged, would 
require more time and space than we can devote to the 
work, hence we will only consider that part relating to 
troops of E. A. King's brigade, Reynolds' division. Four- 
teenth Army Corps, and a few other organizations to which 
our attention has been called. The report is in one vol- 
ume and contains so many errors of sufficient importance 
as to almost, if not wholly, destroy its value as a book of 
reference. 

On page 20 of report reference is made to Sunday's 



.244 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V 



battle at Poe field, describing an assault by Wood's bri- 
gade of Cleburne's division upon Turchin's and King's bri- 
gades of Reynolds' division as follows: 

The right half of this brigade (Wood's) was soon repulsed; the left 
half (of Wood's) pushed forward until it struck and forced back King's 
brigade on the right of Reynold's line, and then moved on and joined 
Stewart's troops in an attack upon Brannan at Poe field but was there 
repulsed and forced to retire with heavy loss. 

The statement that King's brigade was forced back in 
Sunday's battle is wholly untrue. 

On page 201 the Conniiission, speaking of the Sixty- 
eighth Indiana Regiment says : 

A marker to this regiment is placed in the Brotherton woods, 
southeast of the Brotherton house and east of the LaFayette and Chatta- 
nooga road, south of the Fifty-ninth Ohio Regiment, with this inscription: 
" Saturday, September 19, 1863, 3 P. AI." 

This is incorrect and misleading. This regiment was 
engaged with its brigade at this position from 2:30 P. M. 
to 5 P. M., and the inscription indicates that the regiment 
merely touched that point. In this connection we turn to 
page 271 of the report and find in reference to the One 
Hundred and First Indiana, in same brigade as the Sixty- 
eighth Indiana (these two regiments were together all 
thrjugh the battle) the following: 

Markers are also placed for this regiment in the Brotherton woods, 
southeast of the Brotherton house and east of the I^aFayette road, which 
bears this inscription: 

'^Saturday, September 19, 1863,3 P. AI." 

This is incorrect. The marker of this regiment re- 
erred to bears this inscription as to time: 

Saturday, September 19, 1863, 2 P. M. to 3 P. M. 

The Commission concedes that these two regiments, 
the Sixty-eighth and One Hundred and First Indiana, went 
to this position at the same time, in the following words 
on page 268, lines iS-20: 



INDIANA CHICKAMAUGA COMMISSION. 245 

The One Hundred and First, with the other two regiments of the 
brigade, formed itself on the extreme right of the Brotherton woods line 
on Saturday afternoon the 19th. 

On the same page we find at lines 42-43: 

So the une^iual contest raged in the Brotherton woods until about 
4 P. M. 

The Indiana Commission in preparing inscriptions for 
the markers of these regiments in Brotherton woods place 
one in line one hour in advance of the other, and in its 
report change the text as it appears on the markers, appar- 
ently to Iiannoiiirjc the errors in inscription. 

Again on page 201, referring to inscription on iDarker 
of the Sixty-eighth Indiana on Snodgrass Hill, we find the 
following: 

" Sunday, September 20, 1863, 6 P. M. to 7:80 P. M." 

This is an error. The regiment, with its brigade, left 
its position on the right of South Kelly field line at 5:30 
P. M., and was in support of Turchin in his charge upon 
the left of Liidtleirs division, crossing the Lafayette road 
at McDonald's field. After this charge the Sixty-eighth 
and One Hundred and First Indiana were detached from 
the brigade on order of General Thomas, to report at his 
headquarters near the Snodgrass house, where they arrived 
at the time of the last firing upon Snodgrass Hill, which is 
ofScially fixed at 7:15 P. M. 

A call was made on General Thomas for troops to re- 
lieve the Thirty-fifth Ohio and Ninth Indiana Regiments, 
engaged in the last firing. The Sixty-eighth and One 
Hundred and First Indiana were reported to Lieut. -Col. 
Henry V. Boynton, of VanDerveer's brigade, at that time 
in command of the right line on Snodgrass Hill, and by him 
placed in position on the right of the Thirty-fifth Ohio, 
which had been refused to protect that flank, with the 
Ninth Indiana in rear of the Thirty-fifth Ohio, about 
two companies extending beyond the right of the Thirty- 



246 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 

fifth. The Sixty-eighth reheved the Ninth Indiana which 
at once retired, following the Thirty-fifth Ohio. This was 
about 7:30 P. M. This is confirmed by the report of Col- 
onel Suman,^ of the Ninth Indiana. 

On page 199 the Commission say: 

Capt. Harvey J. Espy, commanding the Sixty-eighth Indiana was 
wounded about 3 P. M. in the battle of Sunday, and Capt. PMmund Finn 
succeeded to the command. 

This is an error. Captain Espy was wounded about 4 
P. M. Saturday in the fight in Brotherton woods, and was 
removed from the field and did not rejoin the regiment for 
duty until just before the battle of Missionary Ridge. 
Captain Finn succeeded him in command on Saturday, 
James R. Carnahan, secretary of the commission, was 
furnished with the facts as to time and place of wounding of 
Espy, (set forth in an official report made by Lieutenant- 
Colonel Espy in June, 1865), in time to have been placed 
in the report. For what reason did the Commission ignore 
the facts.^ 

The inscription on the monument of the Sixty-eighth 
Indiana shows Capt. Harvey J. Espy commanding, and 
omits to mention Capt. Edmund Finn, who was in com- 
mand at that place. The omission of the name of Captain 
Finn is an injustice to that officer. 

On page 271 we find the following alleged inscription 
on the marker of One Hundred and First Indiana on Snod- 
grass Hill: 

Sunday, September 20, 1863, 6 P. M. to 7:30 P. M. 

This is incorrect. The inscription on marker reads: 

Sunday, September 20, 1863, 5 P. M. to 7 30 P. M. 

The Sixty-eighth and One Hundred and First Indiana 
left the South Kelly field line at 5:30 P. M., going to 
McDonald's field, and thence to Snodgrass Hill, a distance 

1 — Vol. 30, part 1, War Records, pags 709. 



INDIANA CHICKAMAUGA COMMISSION. 247 

of more than two miles. The Indiana Commission has 
placed the Sixty-eighth Indiana on the hill thirty minutes 
after, and the One Hundred and First Indiana thirty min- 
utes before they left South Kelly field. 

On page 217 we find a copy of an inscription alleged 
to be on a marker of the Seventy-fifth Indiana in south 
Kelly field: 

Sunday, September 20, 1868, 1 P. M. to 5 P. M. 

The inscription on said marker on the battle field reads: 

Sunday, September 20, 10 A. M. to 5 P. M. 

On page 306. referring to the Nineteenth Indiana Bat- 
tery in Saturday's battle, the Commission say: 

General Reynolds himself with the Nineteenth Indiana Battery, 
the Seventy-fifth Indiana and the Ninety-second Illinois, of which he 
speaks, were all north of the Brotherton and Dyer road,, on what be- 
came the Poe field line of Saturday's and Sunday's battle. 

The above sentence is replete with errors. There is 
no official authority for this statement of the Commission, 
which is contrary to the facts. On the monument of this 
battery is the following inscription relating to Saturday's 
battle: 

Saturday, September 19th, 1863. This battery reached Crawfish 
Springs at 7 A. M. after an all night's march from Pond Spring. Thence 
moved to vicinity of Brotherton's, and about 3:30 P. M. went into action 
south of the Poe house and west of the LaFayette road, where Captain 
Harris was wounded. Being flanked on the right the battery withdrew 
to the north side of the Poe field and was there engaged. 

This inscription is not supported by any report, and 
is controverted by the testimony of survivors of the bat- 
tery, of whom all contend that the battery was not engaged 
on Saturday at or near Poe field nor north of the Brotherton 
and Dyer road, but was engaged in southern end of the 
Brotherton field west of the LaFayette road, where at 4:1 5 
P. M. it was forced to retire with the loss of one gun, in a 
northwesterly direction to the ridge northwest of the Dyer 



248 . SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



house, where it replenished ammunition, and joined its 
brigade on the Poe field line about 10 P. M. Saturday, 
where it was engaged on Sunday until its brigade changed 
front, about i P. M., to the south line of the Kelly field. 
This is sustained by report of Major Erwin,^ of the Sixth 
Ohio, in command of that regiment in support of the 
battery. 

The Commission further say on page 307 that a 
marker has been set up for this battery east of the La- 
Fayette road, just south of the Kelly field, on which is the 
following inscription: 

Saturday. September 19, 1863, 4:50 P. M. 

TJiis is false ; tlicre is no such marker erected on the 
battle-field. 

The Commission also say: 

A third marker is placed in the woods west of the LaFayette road 
south of the Poe house, bearing the same inscription as the first except- 
ing as to time, the time being fixed: 

"Saturday, September 19, 1863, 12 M. to 4 P. M." 

As the battery was not engaged on Saturday north of 
the Brotherton and Dyer road the above marker is out of 
place, and the inscription is an error. 

On page 24 the Commission say: 

By 8 P. M. the Federal troops had all been withdrawn from Snod- 
grass Ridge. The last to be withdrawn were the three Indiana regiments, 
the Ninth, Sixty-eighth and One Hundred and First, 

and upon page 200 of said report, referring to the Sixty- 
eighth and One Hundred and First, we find: 

Here these two regiments that had been so closely allied during all 
the battle of Chickamauga, remained until the last shot of the battle was 
fired and then in the final withdrawal of the troops from Snodgrass Hill 
were assigned to the post of honor, that of covering the retreat of the 
army, and consequently were the last organized troops of Rosecrans' army 
to leave the battle field, the Sixty eighth being in the rear, then the front, 
as it was nearest the enemy. 

1 — Vol. 30, part 1, War Records, page 71)0. 



INDIANA CHICKAMAUGA COMMISSION. 249 



The Ninth Indiana has inscribed on its marker mi Snod- 
grass Hill: 

Was sent to this position at dusk of September 20th from Snodgrass 
field, lost some men by capture with the three regiments which were 
captured on the right; fired into the capturing force, and held this posi- 
tion until 8 P. M., when it withdrew. 

It is impossible to reconcile the statements made by 
the Commission as set forth in its report on pages 24 
and 200, with inscriptions on markers of the Ninth, 
Sixty-eighth and One Hundred and First Indiana Regi- 
ments on Snodgrass Hill. That on the Ninth says it 
remained until 8 P. M., those on Sixty-eight and One 
Hundred and First show they remained until 7:30 P 
M. If those three regiments were the last to be with- 
drawn and the Sixty-eighth and One Hundred and First 
were assigned ''to the post of honor, that of covering the 
retreat of the army," as alleged by the Commission, the 
Ninth Indiana could not have remained on Snodgrass Hiil 
one-half hour longer than the Sixty-eighth and One Hun- 
dred and First Indiana. 

The fact that the Ninth was relieved b}' the Sixty- 
eighth is proven be3'ond a reasonable doubt,and the time 
of leaving shown by its marker should bechanged to 7:30 
P. M. to conform to the facts. The time on markers of 
the Sixty-eighth and One Hundred and First Indiana should 
be changed to read 7:30 P. M. to 8:30 P. M. 

On page 135 the Commission say: 

Concerning the battle on Sunday forenoon, General Hazen men- 
tioned the Ninth Indiana in his report, together with the other regiments 
of his brigade, and said: "It has my warmest thanks for its services. 
* * * They are veterans of so frequent trial that it would be mockery 
to praise them with words. The country cannot too highly cherish these 
men." 

Now, this is what General Hazen^ said: 
My entire brigade has my warmest thanks for its services. * * * 
1 — Vol. 30. part 1, War Records, page 764. 



250 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 

On page 132, referring to the Sixth Indiana marker 
at Winfrey field, the Commission say: 

The bronze tablet on the marker bears the following inscription: 
Saturday, September 19, 1863, 1 P. M. to 9 P. M. 

This is incorrect; the inscription as to time on this 
marker reads: 

Saturday, September 19, 1863, 3 P. M. to 9 P. M. 

On page 136, speaking of the Ninth Indiana marker in 
Brock field, we find: 

Saturday, September 19, 1863, 2 P. M. to 3:30 P. M. 

This is incorrect; the inscription as to time, on this 
marker reads: 

Saturday, September 19, 1863, 1 P. M. to 3:30 P. M. 

On page 144, referring to the Seventeenth Indiana 
marker at Alexander Bridge, the Commission say: 
Friday, September 18, 1863, 10 A. M. to 4 P. M. 
This is incorrect; the inscription on this marker reads: 
Friday, September 18, 1863, 10 A. M. 

On page 168, referring to the marker of the Thirty- 
fifth Indiana west of Dyer House, near the old cemetery, 
tJierc is no reference to time, yet tlie inscription on marker 
reads: 

Saturday, September 19, 1863, 3 A. M. to 9 A. M. 

On page 179 of the inscription on marker of the 
Thirty-Eighth Indiana on Winfrey field, the Commission 
say it contains the following as to time: 

Saturday, September 19, 1863. 

This is incorrect; the inscription as to time on this 
marker reads: 

Saturday, September 19, 1863. 10 A. M. to 11 A. M. 
On page 190 of the inscription on marker of the 



INDIANA CHICKAMAUGA COMMISSION. 25 I 

Forty-fourth Indiana on North Kelly field, the Commission 
say: 

Sunday, September 20, 1863, 10 A. M. to 12 M. 

This is incorrect; the inscription on marker reads: 
Sunday, September 20, 1863, 10 A. M. to 11 A. M. 

On page 251 of the inscription on the marker of the 
Eighty-sixth Indiana in the Brotherton woods, we find as 
to time the following: 

Saturday, September 19, 1863, 2 P. M. to 3:30 P. M. 

This is incorrect; the marker on battle field reads: 
Saturday, September 19, 1863, 2 P. M. 

And of another marker to this regiment west of La- 
Fayette road, near northwest corner of Kelly field we find 
the following: 

Sunday, September 20, 1863, 10 A. M. to 12 M. 

The inscription on marker on battle field reads: 

Sunday, September 20, 1863, 11 A. M. to 12 M. 

On page 250 referring to inscription on the monument 
of the Eighty-sixth Indiana we find the following: 

Sunday morning, September 20th, in line west of LaFayette road 
near Kelly field, severely engaged for a short time with Breckinridge's 
troops, and upon retiring took position on the ridge near the Snodgrass 
house, and about 5 P. M. marched to McFarland's Gap. 

The official inscription on the monument to the eighty- 
sixth reads: 

Sunday morning, September 20th, in the line west of LaFayette 
road near Kelly field, severely engaged for a short time with Breckin- 
ridge's troops, and upon retiring took position on, the next ridge beyond 
the Snodgrass house, and about 5 P. M. marched to McFarland's Gap. 

And, on the same page speaking of the inscription on 
the monument of the eighty-sixth regiment, we find the 
name of Major Jacob C. Dick,^ who commanded the reg- 

1— Vol. 30, Part 1, War Records, paae H29. 



252 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 

iment both days in the battle of Chickamauga, omitted, 
and the name of George F Dick, Colonel, who was in 
command of a brigade, substituted. This is an act of 
cruel injustice to Major Dick. The Commission certainly 
had knowledge of this fact, as James R. Carnahan, secretary, 
was a member of that regiment. 

On page 264, referring to the markers of the Eighty- 
eighth Indiana, the Commission say: 

A marker has been placed for this regiment on the Hne occupied 
by it on Saturday night west of the Brotherton field near the tan yard. 

There is no reference to time, yet the marker on 
battle field bears the following: 

Saturday, September 19, 1868, 6:30 P. M. to 7:;30 A. M. 

And on same page, referring to another marker of this 
regiment south of the McDonald house, all reference to 
time is omitted, although the marker bears the following 
inscription: 

Sunday, September 20, 1863, 8:45 A. M. 

These are material changes of the facts shown on 
markers and monuments of this regiment on the battle 
field. Why were they made ? We leave the Commission to 
explain why they misquote the official records in their report. 

To further show the character of the State Commis- 
sion's report, a statement of facts by the Chairman of the 
Chickamauga and Chattanooga .National Park Commission 
is submitted, as follows : 

WAR DEPARTMENT 
CHICKAMAUGA AND CHATTANOOGA NATIONAL PARK COMMISSION 

WASHINGTON 

E. W. High, Esq., September 4, 1901 

Metamora, Indiana. 
Dear Sir : 

You ask rhe in regard to the general accuracy of the 
report of the Indiana Chickamauga Commission. 



INDIANA CHICKAMAUGA COMMISSION. 253 



Where there is so much that is excellent, it is not 
pleasant to point out inexcusable errors which seriously 
impair the value of the book to all except those who are 
able to detect them from their personal knowledge of the 
field. To fail to call your attention to enough of these 
errors to indicate the character of the State Commission's 
volume would be to tacitly approve it. 

Beginning on page 25, the Official Roster of the 
National Commission with its notes regarding the move- 
ments of each command is inserted. On page 35 of this 
roster, as reproduced, the following appears in the notes 
relating to VanCleve's Division: 

A portion of Dick's brigade reached the left, and the Forty-fourth 
and Eighty-sixth Indiana, with the Ninth and Seventeenth Kentucky 
with fragments of both brigades, afterwards rallied on Snodgrass Hill' 
under Harker. 

In the above the words "and Eighty-sixth Indiana "have 
been deliberately interpolated into this official paper of the 
War Department. This manipulation of an official doc- 
ument would be improper even if the Eighty-sixth Indiana 
did rally on Snodgrass Hill, which it did not, and, in mak- 
ing up the inscription for the monument for this regiment, 
that fact was recognized by the Indiana Commission. 

On page 250, this mutilation of an official record is 
further supported in the text of the State Commission's 
history of this regiment, where this appears: 

In the final struggle of that day the Eighty-sixth found its place on 
Marker's Hill, until, at the close of the battle, it, with all the troops was 
withdrawn towards Chattanooga, etc. 

And, on the same page, the official inscription on the 
monutnent to the Eighty-sixth, as approved by the Secre- 
tary of War, is misquoted, so as to read that the Eighty- 
sixth " upon retiring took position on the ridge near the 
Snodgrass House, and about 5 P. M. marched to McFar- 
land's Gap. " 

The approved inscription on the monument reads: 



2 54 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I.V. I. 



' ' Took position on the next ridge beyond the Snodgrass 
House," and this, at the time of its approval, was accepted 
by the Indiana Commission. But now they misquote it in 
their report. 

Page 99, speaking of the Ninth Indiana, this appears : 

—and so well was the work done that General Boynton, the historian 
of this field, has said that the Ninth Indiana, by its gallant work at the 
Brotherton house, saved the day for the Union army. 

General Boynton never said this most absurd thing, 
and while this regiment did valiant and valuable service at 
that point, nothing could be more absurd than such a state- 
ment about it. Further than this, the statement that he 
never said it was communicated to a member of the Indiana 
Commission in ample time to have kept it out of this official 
volume. 

Page 135: In the history of this regiment it is further 
said that it was hurried Sunday evening to the support of 
Brannan on Snodgrass Hill, and "Here it went int® position 
on the front line, and was hotly engaged, continuing in 
action until 8 P. M., when the battle of Chickamauga 
closed." 

It was not put in position on the front line, but in the 
second. It was not hotly engaged there, nor in fact 
engaged at all, except that it added a few scattering shots 
to a single volley of another regiment, which was the only 
firing after the Ninth arrived. 

On the same page, what purports to be the inscription 
on the monument of the Ninth is given. This, in part, is as 
follows: 

Near dusk was sent to the right of Brannan's division, and after the 
capture of the three regiments on the right, and some of its own men, 
fired upon the capturing force and held its position until 8 P. M., when 
it withdrew. 

This part of the inscription, as approved by the Secre- 
tary of War, reads : 



INDIANA CHICKAMAUGA COMMISSION. 255 



It was then sent at dusk to the right of Brannan's Division, and after 
the capture of the troops to its right took part in the successful move- 
ment of VanDerveer's Brigade for the protection of that flank, following 
that brigade in its withdrawal about 8 P. M. 

Page 223: In the history of the 79th Indiana it is 
twice stated that Carnes' Battery was captured by this reg- 
iment. This was a matter of full discussion with the 
Indiana Commission, and it was pointed out that the official 
reports, including that of the colonel of the regiment, the 
brigade commander, and the commanding officers of each 
of the other regiments of the brigade, agree that every 
regiment in the brigade participated in the capture of the 
battery. All this has been ignored and incorrect history 
substituted. 

Page 233 : 

To Col. Morton C. Hunter, and to him alone, is due the establish- 
ing of the line on Snodgrass Hill. He had no orders to go there; no 
other officer was ordered there until he had established his line there, and 
to him is due, by his conduct on that day, the credit of saving the Union 
Army at Chickamauga. 

On page 235 this claim is further set forth: 

If Gen. Thomas deserves the name of " The Rock of Chickamauga," 
and all do cheerfully accord it to him, then to the colonel of the Eighty- 
second Indiana, Morton C. Hunter, is due the credit of being the first 
of^cer, and his regiment the first regiment, that made it possible for 
Thomas to bear that proud title. It was Morton C. Hunter, with his reg- 
iment, that made the first stand, formed the first line on Snodgrass Hill 
on that memorable Sunday afternoon, and by their stubborn fighting held 
the ground until the lines were built on either side, upon which Long- 
street hurled his army until it fell back, broken and crushed, and Chatta- 
nooga was saved. 

The 82d was a splendid regiment and did excellent 
service, but Colonel Hunter did not do these things. Snod- 
grass Hill was first occupied by Sirwell's Brigade of Neg- 
ley's Division with artillery. 

There are various instances where inscriptions on mon- 
uments and markers as set forth in the book, do not agree 



250 SIXTV-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



with either the text as it actually appears, or with the text 
as officially approved, but the errors already pointed out 
sufficiently illustrate the methods of this report. Undoubt- 
edly the great part of the volume is accurate, but where 
such treatment of the work in hand as is pointed out above 
exists, none except experts in Chickamauga history can 
separate between the reliable and the erroneous portions. 

Very truly yours, 

H. V. BOYNTON, 

Chairman of Commission. 

The Indiana Chickamauga Commission in submitting 
their report to Governor James A. Mount, say: 

Sir: Under instructions of the Indiana Chickamauga and Chatta- 
nooga Mili ary Park Commission, and in compliance with an Act of the 
Indiana Legislature, we herewith submit the report of said Commission 
in so far as the work done on the Chickamauga battle field is concerned. 

This report purports to be a true record of work done 
and duties performed under the act of 1895. 

That it is not an accurate report, we believe this re- 
view of only a small portion of the book, will clearly show. 
The Commission had full knowledge ot the text of all 
inscriptions on the monuments and markers of Indiana 
troops. In fact they were prepared by them and sub- 
mitted to the National Commission for approval, as 
required by law. In view of the facts stated, it is diffi- 
cult to understand why the report should contain so many 
glaring errors, material changes in texts of inscriptions 
as they appear on the field, and perversions of correct 
history, affecting the service and honor of our soldiers. 
Our attention was attracted to these errors in a search in 
the book for the record given to the troops of E. A. King's 
brigade, which revealed many errors, and changes in the 
text as officially approved, and as it appeared on the 
field, a part of which only are cited. The list of 



INDIANA CHICK AMAUGA COMMISSION. 257 



inscriptions on the monuments and markers of our troops, 
incorporated in this chapter, is an accurate copy from the 
files, and a true history of the work of the Indiana Commis- 
sion as it appears at the Park, the report of the Indiana 
Commission to the contrary notwithstanding. 



17 



CHAPTER XVIII. 



BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 



GEORGE HENRY THOMAS. 

George Henry Thomas was born in Southampton 
county, Virginia, July 31, 18 16. In 1836 he was appointed 
a cadet to the U. S. Mihtary Academy, where he gradu- 
ated July I, 1840, and promoted in the army to second 
lieutenant. Third Artillery. He was sent to Florida, where 
he served for two years, taking part in the capture of 
seventy Seminoles, November 6, 1841, and brevetted first 
lieutenant for gallantry. He remained on duty in the 
south and southwest until 1845, when his regiment was 
ordered to Texas with the army of occupation. In the war 
with Mexico, Thomas was engaged in the defense of Fort 
Brown, in the battle of Monterey, and in that of Buena 
Vista; in all of which he was distinguished, and brevetted 
captain and major for gallantry in the last named battles. 
After Buena Vista he remained in garrison at the mouth of 
the Rio Grande until the close of the war, when again for 
a year in Florida. Transferred to West Point in 185 i, he 
served as instructor of cavalry and artillery at the Military 
Academy until 1854, when ordered to California with his 
regiment, in which he had obtained a captaincy December 
24, 1853. In May, 1855, Thomas was appointed major of 
the newly organized Second Cavalry, with which he served 
in Texas for five years. In i860, in a skirmish with Indians, 



BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 



259 



he received a wound in the face, and in November follow- 
ing he was given a leave of absence. A. S. Johnston was 
colonel, R. E. Lee, lieutenant-colonel, and W. J. Hardee 
was the senior major of the regiment. Among the officers 
were Earl VanDorn, E. Kirby Smith, Fitz Hugh Lee and 
John B. Hood, all of whom resigned to enter the armies of 
the south and bore conspicuous parts in the rebel armies. 
He reported for duty April 14, 1861, at Carlisle barracks, 
Pennsylvania, where his regiment had arrived in a disorgan- 
ized condition, shorn of all its equipments by the treachery 
of Twiggs, and at once set about the work of reorganizing 
his command. A few days later Virginia in convention 
assembled passed a resolution of secession; sixty days later 
Thomas crossed the Potomac at the head of his command, 
and entered his native State to aid in the maintenance of 
the Union. In a conversation with an officer of the army 
Thomas said: "I have thought it all over, and I shall 
stand firm in the service of the government." He did 
stand firm thereafter on many battlefields, where his firm-' 
ness averted disaster. April 25th he was promoted to be 
lieutenant-colonel second cavalry, and colonel May 3, 1861. 
In August his regiment was changed from Second to Fifth 
Cavalry. He commanded a brigade at the action of Hoge's 
Run July 2, at Martinsburg July 3, and at Bunker Hill July 
I 5. August 17th he was promoted to be brigadier-general of 
volunteers, and transferred to Kentucky, where he attained 
command of the First Division, Army of the Ohio. In Novem- 
ber and December he moved against the enemy, then threat- 
ening the flank and rear of Buell's army. The battle of Mill 
Springs, January 19-20, 1862, resulting in the defeat of 
Crittenden, was the most important victory yet gained in 
the west, and brought Thomas into notice, and laid the 
foundation of the greater fame he was yet to achieve. 
From April 9 to May 30 he commanded the right wing of 
the Army of the Tennessee. On the advance into Ken- 
tucky he was appointed second in command of the Army 



26o SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 

of the Ohio. In the latter part of October the Depart- 
ment of the Cumberland was revived with General Rose- 
crans in command, the troops under him to constitute the 
Fourteenth Army Corps, consisting of three divisions: 
Thomas was assigned to the command of the center, and 
at the battle of Stone River, by his firmness, saved the 
Army of the Cumberland. In January. 1863, the Army 
of the Cumberland was divided into three army corps, 
and Thomas assigned to command of the Fourteenth. At 
the battle of Chickamauga he commanded the left and 
center. The history of the second day's battle — the 
record of Thomas' finii resistance for about five hours 
against the whole rebel army, after our right was routed, is 
told in the pages of this volume. He retired to Chatta- 
nooga by order of General Rosecrans, and on October 20 
was assigned to command of the Department of the Cum- 
berland. In October he was appointed brigadier-general 
in the regular army. In the battles at Chattanooga in 
November he commanded the center and successfully 
stormed Missionary Ridge, after the plans of the general 
in command had failed. He participated in the campaign 
against Atlanta, and in latter part of September was 
detached from the army in Georgia and placed in chief 
command in Tennessee, with large powers, to look after 
the rebel general. Hood, while Sherman marched to the 
sea. The story of the wonderful work achieved by him 
in that campaign is told in chapter 16 of this book. Soon 
after the defeat and destruction of Hood's army, Thomas 
was appointed to be major-general in the regular army. 
He commanded the military division of the Tennessee, 
1865-6: the Department of the Tennessee, 1866-67: the 
third military district, Georgia, Florida and Alabama, and 
the Department of the Cumberland, 1867-69. 

James G. Blaine^ speaking of promotions in the army 
at the close of the rebellion, said: "Thomas had received 
his promotion on account of the great victory at Nashville, 

1 — Twenty Years of Congress, Yol. 2, pp 429-130. 



BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 26 I 



without which Sherman might have been seriously embar- 
assed in his march to the sea. * * * The proposition 
to make three lieutenant-generals (Meade, Sheridan and 
Thomas) was canvassed in military and congressional circles; 
but the general aversion to a large military establishment 
in time of peace prevented its favorable consideration, and 
these eminent soldiers received no attention or favor from 
Congress after their work had been crowned with success 
by the suppression of the rebellion and the complete restor- 
ation of the Union. Thomas left Washington soon after 
President Grant's inauguration to take command of the 
Department of the Pacific. He was disappointed in his 
expectations and depressed in feeling. He died suddenly 
a year later (March 28, 1870) at the age of fifty-four. His 
death was noticed in a peculiarly impressive manner by a 
meeting of the two branches of Congress in the Hall of 
Representatives, to hear addresses commemorative of his 
character. * "-^ "''" Peculiar circumstances surrounded 
the career of Thomas, imparting great interest and enlist- 
ing on his behal-ha strong affection among the loyal people 
of the Nation. The popular regret that he had not been 
appropriately recognized by the National Government for 
his great services, was deepened by his untimely death. 
The regard usually felt by soldiers for their successful 
leader was exceptionally stronj^ in his case, and manifested 
itself in many acts of personal devotion. He was com- 
mended to popular favor by his steadfast loyalty to the 
Union, when he was subjected to all the temptations and 
all the inducements which had led- Lee and Johnston into 
the rebellion. He, like them, was born in Virginia, was 
reared in Virginia, was appointed to the army from Virginia: 
but in the hour of peril to the Government he remembered 
that he was a citizen and soldier of the United States, and 
had sworn to uphold the Constitution. How well he main- 
tained his faith to his country is written in the history of 
great battles and great victories." 



262 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



At the close of the war when a grateful people were 
making presents of houses and money to the successful 
leaders of our armies, a fund of one hundred thousand 
dollars, and a furnished house was raised for Thomas. 
When the representatives of the donors called upon him to 
complete the gift, he firmly declined, saying: "I have 
only discharged my duty to my Government and have 
been paid for my services. I must decline your offer." 
This act shows the grandeur of his patriotism. 

Thomas' character and military achievements are 
forcefully set out in the following tribute by Major General 
James H. Wilson,^ the greatest cavalry leader of the Union 
army in the Civil war. 

oV * * -A * * 

"It VN^as my great and inestimable privilege to know 
personally nearly every one of the corps and army com- 
manders on both sides of the great conflict. I served with 
or against most of them, and I may claim without egotism 
that I enjoyed the closest intimacy with those who were in 
actual command of the national forces during the closing 
campaign. I know you will pardon me for calling your 
attention to the fact that I served on T. W. Sherman's and 
David Hunter's staffs during the Port Royal expedition, on 
McClellan's staff during the Antietam Campaign, on Grant's 
staff during the Vicksburg and Chattanooga Campaign — 
the period of his greatest performances and his greatest 
glory. I administered the Cavalry Bureau in Washington, 
commanded a division of cavalry under Sheridan, Meade, 
and Grant, and a corps of seven divisions under Sherman 
and Thomas, and thus, face to face, soul to soul, in the 
pure atmosphere of campaign and battle, I have studied 
their characters and peculiarities, and have come to know 
those illustrious leaders, not only as soldiers and generals, 
but as men and citizens of the great republic, as none but 
a comrade can know them. I have read the history of 

1— Address before Society of the Army of the Cumberland at Columbus, (,)hio, in 1897. 



BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 263 

other times, and studied the hves of great men of all 
countries and of all ages, and I submit with diffidence, but 
also with absolute confidence, that I am a good witness in 
their behalf. 

V: * iV -* * * 

"And now having said so much for the great men that 
all Americans love to honor, may I not emphasize the 
lesson I would teach, and have you teach to your sons, by 
dwelling awhile upon the life and character of one who if 
not the most fortunate among them, was the most modest, 
the most steadfast, the most deserving — "the noblest 
Roman of them all.^" Need I in the presence of his surviv- 
ing comrades give him further name or description? Ah! my 
fellow soldiers, I see that you recognize his stalwart form, 
his eagle eye, his calm and lofty demeanor, his imperial 
presence! You know him by his heroic attributes, and so 
long as life lasts you can never forget him. 

" But bear with me yet awhile. He has not altogether 
escaped envy, jealousy and misrepresentation which are 
the unconscious tribute ignoble souls offer to those above 
them. His motives have been questioned^ his actions have 
been impugned, even his honors have been claimed by 
others, but in every case his assailants have been put to 
confusion and discussion has served but to exalt his char- 
acter and intensify the admiration of his countrymen! In 
no single instance did he feel called upon to break silence 
or to write a word in his own behalf, but calmly and 
serenely he stood upon his record confident that it would 
vindicate him in the end, and nobly has it justified his 
faith. His friends and comrades throughout the land — 
those who knew him best — were swift to defend his good 
name, to ascertain the facts and to write them into history, 
till now he stands spotless and alone, while those who 
would have injured him deny their complicity or claim that 
they were entrapped into the work of detraction. 

" Let us now take a closer look at the lofty figure we 



264 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 

have been contemplating. Peerless as he is, George Henry 
Thomas did not come by chance to his exalted stature. 
He was the natural product of the family and race to 
which he belonged, of the times and institutions which 
shaped him, of the education and training which he 
received, and of the opportunities he enjoyed. He came 
of a good old Virginian family, long planted in the land, 
of a mingled Welsh-English and Huguenot strain, solid, 
self-reliant, self-respecting, but neither rich nor aristocratic. 
His people held slaves and plantations and their share of 
the smaller public of^ces, but put on no airs. They were 
neither dough-faces nor fire-eaters, but straightforward, 
serious, virtuous men and women, who were subordinate to 
authority, and did their part modestly but thoroughly as far 
back as we get any account of them. Just how or when 
they left the country of their origin, or reached the Old 
Dominion, can not be precisely stated, nor does it matter 
much, but it must have been in that troublous half century 
which included the deposition of Charles I, the overthrow 
of the Commonwealth, the expulsion of James H, and the 
revocation of the Edict of Nantes. I say. It must have 
been, for the qualities which characterized the wise and 
thorough soldier were mainly inherited. They could have 
had their origin only in the experiences and traditions of 
the Cromwellian times, and from ancestors who got their 
discipline and set on the one side from the Condes, and on 
the other from the new model army — that wonderful body 
of fifty thousand men. organized by Cromwell himself, 
which for eighteen years, the entire period of its existence, 
never counted the numbers or race of those arrayed against 
it, and from one end of Great Britain to the other — from 
one end of Europe to the other — never once showed its 
back to the foe, and never once met an enemy it did not 
overcome. Such steadiness, such subordination, such seri- 
ous purpose, such grim and unhesitating courage, and such 
confidence in its leaders, were never before or since found 



BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 265 

in an English army. Indeed, it was one of the best organ- 
ized, best administered and most successful armies that 
ever existed, and nothing in history better illustrates the 
advantage of careful selection of the men, thorough organ- 
ization, complete equipment, constant instruction and rigid 
discipline than the story of this remarkable force, and its 
still more remarkable triumph over the equally gallant and 
more numerous, but less thoroughly organized, forces of the 
royalist party. May I not say, it was the archetype and 
exemplar, the ample justification of all that is good in the 
military organizations of our race, and that the Fourteenth 
Corps and the Army of the Cumberland, both of which 
owed more to Thomas than to any other man, resembled it 
more closely than any other corps or army ever organized 
on this continent? 

" But whether Thomas owed to inheritance any thing 
more than a strong mind, in a stalwart, robust body — 
whether he was a Cromwellian, Cavalier or Huguenot— is 
after all merely a matter of speculation, but when we come 
to his education^ and training, we come to solid ground. 
We know he derived from the schools of his native county 
sufficient education to qualify him for admission to West 
Point, where he graduated with the honorable standing of 
twelfth in his class of sixty-one members. He was assigned 
to and served in the artillery through the Mexican war with 
marked distinction, winning in rapid succession the brevets 
of first lieutenant, captain and major for "conspicuous 
skill and gallantry," and for "gallant and meritorious con- 
duct," and established for himself a solid reputation for 
patience, firmness, fortitude and daring intrepidity, as well 
as for highly scientific and accurate attainments in his 
profession. His captain was Thomas W. Sherman, one of 
the best soldiers and sternest disciplinarians our army ever 
had in it. 

"It is to be observed that Thomas was always a seri- 
ous, industrious, practical person. He learned to make sad- 



266 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 

dies, harness and shoes when a boy, and all through hfe was 
a close student of history, philosophy, and of the art and 
science of war. He came out of the Mexican campaign 
with a reputation second to no man of his grade. From 
that time forward he was employed in all parts of the 
country, from Fort Yuma to Boston, and in all the duties 
which might fall to the lot of a subaltern. He was in turn 
quartermaster, commissary, engineer, recruiting officer, 
battery commander, and, finally, instructor of cavalry and 
artillery at West Point; thus acquiring not only practical 
familiarity with all the duties of an officer's life, but also 
the highest theoretrical and scientific knowledge of his pro- 
fession. He was never a man of idle or protiigate habits. 
He wasted no time in riotous living. He passed through 
all the trials and exposure of a military life without ever 
taking on a single military or social vice. He was far from 
being an ascetic or a prig, but he grew steadily in character 
and intellect and in the appreciation of those around and 
above him, and it is no disparagement of him if I add, he 
was not unconscious of it. 

"When the two regiments of cavalry were added to 
the regular army in 1855, and Jefferson Davis, then Secre- 
tary of War, selected the officers for them, he put Sumner, 
Joe Johnston, Emory and Sedgwick in as field officers of 
the first; Albert Sidney Johnston, Lee, Hardee and Thomas 
as the field officers of the second. The captains and lieu- 
tenants were selected with the same care, and were the 
pick and flower of the army. It is safe to say that no two 
regiments in our army, or in any other army, for that 
matter, ever had so many fine — may I not properly say, so 
many great — officers in them. Each of the field officers 
afterward came to command a corps or an independent 
army, and all rose to the highest distinction. In following 
and contrasting their subsequent careers, it is abundantly 
manifest that in all that constitutes moral and intellectual 
worth and true greatness, Thomas was the peer of the 
highest, if not the very first, amongst them all. 



BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 26/ 



' ' To say that, in the dark and uncertain days that marked 
the close of Buchanan's administration, before the steadying 
hand of Lincohi was placed upon the helm of state, Thomas 
was not in doubt as to his own future or as to what would 
become of him, would be misleading and untrue. It would 
be as absurd as to say that a strong man, seeing the ship 
on which he was embarked going headlong on the rocks of 
a lee shore, would not look about him to find some plank or 
spar upon which he would try to save the lives of himself 
and family. There is not one scintilla of evidence beyond 
that, nothing whatever, to show that he ever sought or 
thought of a place outside of the army, except in the con- 
tingency of both army and government going to wreck and 
ruin — nothing whatever to show that he ever for one mo- 
ment thought of foreswearing his allegiance to the Consti- 
tution and Union, or offering his sword to the Confederacy, 
or even to his native state. As you all know, he was a 
thoughtful and deliberate man, and never chose his path 
by chance, even in regard to trivial matters. It was as 
impossible for him to do so in matters of pith and moment 
as for the earth to forsake its true, fixed and destined course 
around the sun! 

"And so, when our great captain, the immortal Lincoln, 
took his post and got his bearings, and accepted the appeal 
to the God of battles, in all the host which came to his 
support there was not one more willing, more steadfast, 
more courageous, or more loyal, than Thomas, the pure- 
hearted, high-souled Virginian! The sophistry of states- 
rights, the appeal of sectionalism, the claim of personal 
interest, the intercession of the politicians, the demands of 
family ties, were alike powerless to confuse his mind, or to 
deflect him so nmch as a hair's breadth from his solemn 
duty to bear true faith and allegiance to the Constitution of 
the United States, and to protect and defend them from all 
their enemies and opposers whatsoever. 

"I have no word to say here against the great abilities 



268 SIXTY- EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 

and the almost transcendent leadership of Robert E. Lee, 
also a Virginian of knightly lineage, but I cannot forbear 
pointing out that he too had taken that solemn oath of 
allegiance time and again — more frequently because he had 
received more commissions than Thomas. He had been 
superintendent of the Academy at West Point, where they 
have always taught the young men sent there for their edu- 
cation that the oath of allegiance not only binds them fast 
to the National Government, but acts as an abjuration of 
allegiance to all other states, powers and principalities. 
Nothing could be plainer or more comprehensive than the 
language of that oath; and I venture to express the belief 
that never for one day in his life did Robert E. Lee find 
sophistry or casuistry or legal argument strong enough to 
justify or satisfy him down in the innermost recesses of his 
soul that he was right in throwing up his commission in 
the army, for which he had been educated, and arraying 
himself with those who sought to overthrow the Union and 
subvert its Constitution, that sacred instrument of govern- 
ment which he too had sworn time and again to defend 
from all its enemies and opposers whatsoever! 

" Rest assured, my comrades, the great Confederate 
leader had his Nemesis — a reproving conscience — "which 
doth make cowards of us all;" and I can not for one instant 
doubt that that high moralist and great soldier, both of 
which he was, would have felt himself a higher moralist 
and a greater soldier, and would in fact have been a stronger 
and greater soldier, if he had never forsworn his allegiance, 
but had held right on to the end, side by side with 
Thomas, upholding the starry flag and " keeping step to 
the music of the Union!" 

" Here it is proper for me to remind you that Thomas 
never deft the army for an hour, like Grant, Sherman, 
McClellan, Burnside, and Stonewall Jackson, "to taste 
the oil of experience and the vinegar of a checkered career. " 
He scarcely took leave of absence, but wedded to the pro- 



BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 269 

fession of arms as his "principal honor, study and occupa- 
tion," he grew in wisdom and strength and character as he 
grew in years — and when the hour of trial came, was found 
at his post fully prepared and ready for the high destiny 
which awaited him. It is true, that he was doubted and 
distrusted and, perhaps, misrepresented at first because he 
was a Virginian and a Southerner, but thanks to Lincoln, 
who never long did any man injustice, and thanks to his 
own modest, but resolute, performance of duty, he was 
made colonel, and soon afterward brigadier-general, and 
finally major-general, and in all these grades his deeds are 
a part of your imperishable records. Transferred to Ken- 
tucky, he was first to win a Union victory; and Mill Spring, 
which came shortly after the ignomin}^ of Bull Run, lifted 
the country from doubt and depression and inspired it with 
hope, if not with enthusiasm. The glory of this victory 
was, however, soon eclipsed by the greater glory of Fort 
Henry and Fort Donelson and the capture of an entire 
rebel army. It brought Grant at once into national prom- 
inence, shifted the center of interest to another and a more 
advanced theater of operations, and left Buell and Thomas 
for a while to play a secondary part. The forces of Buell 
were soon welded into the Army of the Cumberland, while 
those of Grant became the Army of the Tennessee. These 
two mighty organizations were thenceforth destined to co- 
operate closely with each other till the end of the war, and 
they became rivals and competitors in glory. Although 
often separated by long distances, they supplemented and 
supported each other in all their great campaigns. Each, 
also, upon more than one occasion, assisted the other in 
battle, and each claims to have saved the other from 
defeat or destruction. The Army of the Cumberland points 
with pride and confidence to the surprise of Shiloh and the 
siege of Corinth; the Army of the Tennessee to the siege of 
Chattanooga and the magnificent victory of Missionary Ridge 
as the sufficient vindication of its claims. 



70 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



"It is not my purpose here to weigh the evidence and 
decide upon the merits of these honorable contentions. 
What I wish to point out at this time is that those armies, 
notwithstanding their common dangers, their common toils 
and their common victories, were never altogether friendly 
with each other. They differed essentially in the perfection 
of their organization, of their discipline and of their admin- 
istration, and this difference had its origin primarily in the 
difference of the character of their commanders. 

" It will not be forgotten that shortly after their junction 
on the field of Shiloh, where Grant and Thomas met for 
the first time during the war, Grant was practically relieved 
of actual command by Halleck, the generalissimo, and was 
nominalh^ announced as second in command of the com- 
bined armies, while his divisions were added to that of 
Thomas, thus giving the latter actual authority over about 
half of the mighty column. Grant, who was really in dis- 
grace, was constantly ignored and snubbed, and of course 
felt deeply wronged and humiliated. His only friend was 
Sherman, who discouraged him from resigning and assured 
him that time would make all things right for him. Thomas 
was in no way to blame, but having been singled out by 
Halleck as the recipient of marked favor and confidence 
became thus innocently and unconsciously the instrument 
of injustice if not the object of jealousy and suspicion. 
There was no rupture between him and Grant then or 
afterward, but equally there was no rapprochement. They 
treated each other with dignified reserve throughout that 
campaign and never became intimate or confidential with 
each other. It is but proper to say again, those two 
remarkable men differed in person, in habit, in idiosyncrasy, 
in ability, in professional attainment, in moral worth and 
in character, almost as much as any two men on either 
side — and it is perhaps not too much to add that Thomas 
did not regard himself as the inferior of his more fortunate 
rival in respect to any of these qualities. 



BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 2/1 



"And who can blame him it, looking back over their 
past lives, he should have said to himself then or afterward, 
as when actually superseded in chief command by Grant at 
Chattanooga: 'I graduated higher than this man, went 
into a higher branch of the service, gained greater distinc- 
tion, won more brevets, led a more studious and creditable 
life, am a better soldier, a more rigid disciplinarian and a 
more successful organizer, and I am at least his equal in 
desserts and success as a general. If he captured Fort 
Henry and Fort Donelson, I won the battle of Mill Springs, 
and helped to save his army afterward at Shiloh. If he 
captured Vicksburg, I won the battle of Chickamauga and 
saved Chattanooga. ' Far be it from me to intimate that 
he ever did say this to any human being. I only suggest 
that he may have felt it, and if he did feel it, who can blame 
him for it.' Who can blame him if he went even further in his 
reflections and said to himself. ' I did not need this man's 
supervision. I not only held Chattanooga for him, but, with 
the Army of the Cumberland, I was mainly instrumental in 
winning the battle of Missionary Ridge.'' Who can blame 
him if still later, with heightening indignation, he said to 
himself: 'For that matter I did not need Sherman's 
supervision either. I held my own and did my part 
throughout the Atlanta campaign, and afterward furnished 
forth the holiday march to the sea, with the bulk of my 
seasoned veterans, and the pick and choice of my transpor- 
tation, while I was sent back to Nashville to organize an 
army from the scattered detachments of three departments 
with which to make head against the oncoming and valiant 
host that for six months had withstood the onset of a hun- 
dred thousand men.' 

"Who can blame him if he finally grew impatient at 
the repeated outcries which came from the headquarters of 
the armies in the East, while, with watchful and incessant 
care, with due deliberation and imperturable coolness, with 
the consummate art of a master, he stayed the progress of 



I"]! SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



the invader, gathered in his detachments, and, while march- 
ing and fighting, welded them, around the Fourth Corps 
and the handful of cavalry which happily they had left him, 
into an invincible army? He knew the fierce, aggressive 
temper of his adversary, he knew the necessity of thor- 
ough preparation, and of a coherent force to resist him. 
He knew that Sherman had marched out of the real theater 
of war, and that the Confederate leaders, availing them- 
selves of this great opportunity, were making their last 
desperate adventure toward Nashville; that the Army of 
the Potomac was lying supinely in its comfortable camps; 
that the eyes of the country were upon him, and above all 
he knew he must make no mistake, must suffer no defeat, 
but when the final conflict came, must win a decisive vic- 
tory not only for his own sake, and for the great interests 
with w^hich he was charged, but to save those who had left 
him behind from everlasting disgrace. 

" Who can blame him if in the midst of all his labors, 
and after he had with consummate skill concentrated his 
forces at the great strategic center of his theater of opera- 
tions, organized his army, remounted his cavalry, and 
completed his arrangements all within an incredibly short 
time, to strike a fatal blow, and was delayed from striking 
it only by the hand of Providence — by the rains, the 
inclement blasts and frosts, which covered the country 
with a glare of ice over which it was impossible to move 
with safety, or to fight with success, he cried out after the 
meeting with his corps commanders on the memorable loth 
of December, for the first time in all his honorable life, 
with indignation which he would have been base to conceal: 
'Wilson, they treat me as though I were a boy! They 
do not seem to think in Washington that I know enough 
to plan a campaign or to fight a battle. Now, if they will 
let me alone, I'll show them what we can do. You know 
that we shall win this battle and that we shall fight as 
soon as it is possible!" I shall never forget his flashing 



BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 



eye, the firm set of his jaw, the grim determination of his 
countenance or the majestic attitude of his person, 
when he uttered those impressive words. Themisto- 
cles, the Athenian hero, could not have appeared more 
Godhke when he declared: ' I know not how to 
play the lute, but I know how to make a small state 
great and powerful. ' It was as though our beloved 
leader had said in terms: 'I know not how to dissemble 
or to offer excuses, I know not how to complain — but I 
know how to weld recruits, hospital men, quartermaster's 
employes, aud scattered detachments into an army, and to 
make that army invincible!' 

"Time will not permit me to enlarge upon the incidents 
of that extraordinary campaign, nor upon the battle and 
pursuit which followed. They have been fully set forth 
in history; all the obscure points have been made clear, 
all the disputes have been settled, and it is but the simple 
truth to add, that Thomas stands before all the world 
to-day, not only untouched by false claims and misrepre- 
sentations, by cahimny and detraction, but as the stainless 
gentleman, the ideal soldier, the peerless general of the 
great Civil war. 

"While he was habitually as calm, deliberate, and 
impassive as an Indian chieftain before others, he had his 
feelings for all that, and was a proud, sensitive, honorable 
man, who scorned to plead his own cause or to ' crook 
the pregnant hinges of the knee that thrift might follow 
fawning.' Nothing better illustrates the depth or inten- 
sity of his feelings than the sequel to the passionate out- 
burst I have just related, which came on the night of the 
1 6th of December, after the victory was gained and the 
enemy was in full retreat. It was dark as Erebus — so 
dark, indeed, that one could scarcely see his horse's ears. 
The cavalry was thundering upon the heels of the enemy; 
the clashing of sabers, the rattle of musket and pistol shot, 
' the noise of the captains and the shouting,' made that 

18 



274 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. 1. 

night hideous, and in the midst of it all I heard the pon- 
derous gallop of a heavy horseman on the turnpike close 
behind, and then a great shape loomed up out of the dark 
along side of me. Instinctively I divined that it was 
Thomas, with whom I had parted less than two hours 
before, ordering Schofield to advance. Instinctively I 
guessed who and what was coming, and yet all doubt was 
instantly dispelled by the exultant voice of the great leader 
shouting in my ear: ' Is that you, Wilson? Dang it to 
hell, didn't I tell you we could lick 'em.^ Did'nt I tell you 
we should lick 'em.^' And before I could reply, ' You are 
right, General, we've done it,' the big horseman had 
turned about and was galloping back through the darkness 
toward Nashville! 

"Never was a great man more splendidly vindicated 
than was Thomas by the campaign and battle of Nashville, 
by the pursuit which followed, and by the great events for 
which they prepared the way. Never was the use of cav- 
alry better illustrated. Never was the advantage of com- 
plete preparation more fully demonstrated. Never did the 
professional soldier, who knew his business and would have 
all things right, more signally triumph over impatient and 
unnecessary supervision. And yet that splendid army was 
shortly afterward broken up, and its peerless organizer left 
almost without a command. Withal, they could not belittle 
him nor disturb the faith of his comrades in hmi. His 
character stood four-square and unshaken to all the visita- 
tions of fate. Others received the great rewards of vic- 
tory; others received the high commands; others received 
the new rank of lieutenant-general, and of general; others 
received political office and presents of money; others re- 
ceived donations of houses and lots from their grateful 
countrymen. Our great captain was not without his am- 
bition, and it is no disparagement of him to say, when he 
saw himself overslaughed by his inferiors, his proud soul 
was wounded to the quick, and yet he kept silent, except 



BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 275 

to those who were closest to him. True it is, that the legis- 
lature of Tennessee gave him a gold medal for his success- 
ful defense of their capital, but when they hesitated later 
about hanging his portrait in their gallery of worthies, he 
would have sent their medal indignantly back to them but 
for the reparation they made haste to tender him. Still 
later, his admiring friends offered him also a house com- 
pletely furnished, and although he was a poor man, and 
had surrendered his patrimony to his Southern relations, 
he gently but firmly declined. Again, he was like the 
Athenian hero, who, after destroying the Persian fleet at 
Salamis, crossing the strand thickl}' strewn with the gor- 
geous armor, trappings and jewels of the Persian warriors, 
was asked by his officers to help himself to the rich spoils 
of victory. 'No!' loftily replied the conqueror. 'You may 
take these things, for you are not Themistocles! ' 

' ' This is not the time nor the occasion for further de- 
tails, nor may I longer delay you to compare and contrast 
our hero with his contemporaries, and still less may I do 
so to compare ^lim with the great captains of history. 
Others may do that. And yet I may sum it all up by 
saying that he was worthy of all honor, worthy of your 
highest admiration, worthy of his countrymen's most 
grateful recollection. He was a great artillerist, a great 
cavalryman, a great infantryman, a great organizer, a great 
leader, and a great general — 

"'Patient in toil, serene amidst alarms, 
Inflexible m faith, invincible in arms!' 

"And to a meeting of his surviving comrades what 
more need to be said .-* We who knew him face to face, 
realize how impossible it is to do him justice without 
making others appear small, and that we should not do. 
We who have yet a little span of life left had better belittle 
ourselves than to belittle those who have gone before us. 
xAnd so, my comrades, I know your hearts will go out .with 



2/6 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 

mine to them, one and all — to Grant and Sherman, and 
Meade and Sheridan, and Thomas, in the profoundest ad- 
miration and respect. They have fought the good fight, 
each according to his light doing his ver}^ best. 

"'No further seek their merits to disclose!' They 
are at peace with each other, with their great antagonists, 
and with God. 

"'The stars look down upon their calm repose 
As once on tented held, on battle eve; 
No clash of arms, sad heralder of woes, 
Now rudely breaks the sleep God's peace enfolds. 

"'Their silence speaks and tells of honor, truth; • 
Of faithful service — generous victory — 
A nation saved ! For them a people weep — 
Clasp hands again, through tears; our leaders sleepi'" 

/|\ *f\ »H 

THOMAS J. WOOD. 

Thomas J. Wood was born at Munfordville, Ken- 
tucky, September 25, 1825. Graduating at West Point 
in 1845, he was assigned to the Engineer Corps. Upon 
the opening of the war with Mexico he was ordered 
to report to General Taylor at Corpus Christi, Mexico. 
Taking part in the battles of Palo Alto and Resaca de la 
Palma, he was highly commended in General Taylor's 
official reports. At Monterey he was transferred to the 
Second Dragoons. Was brevetted for gallant conduct at 
the battle of Buena Vista. From 1848 to 1854 he served 
on the Texan frontier — five years as adjutant. In 1855 
was promoted captain, and was transferred to the First 
Cavalry, serving on the frontier and in Indian wars until 
1859. Upon leave of absence, he traveled for one year in 
Europe. At the opening of the war of the Rebellion he 
was assigned to duty at Indianapolis, Indiana, as post com- 
mander, and chief mustering officer, serving from May until 
October, 1861, during that time mustering in all troops 
reporting at Camp Morton under the President's first call. 



BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 2']J 

Being appointed brigadier-general of volunteers, he reported 
to General W. T. Sherman, and was assigned by him to 
the command of a division at Bardstown, Kentucky. He 
campaigned in Kentucky and Tennessee, and was with the 
Army of the Cumberland under General Don Carlos Buell, 
in the relief of General Grant at Shiloh, April 7, 1862. 
Was at Corinth and in the campaign in Mississippi, Ten- 
nessee and Kentucky, in the pursuit of Bragg, which ended 
with the battle of Perry ville, October 8, 1862. While com- 
manding his division at the battle of Stone river he was 
wounded on the morning of the 31st of December, but re- 
taining his command, he remained on the field until 7 P. M., 
when he was sent in an ambulance to Nashville, being 
detained from active duty for about forty days. He de- 
clined the offer of the conmiand of the post at Nashville, 
preferring to rejoin his command in the field. His division 
was the first to occupy Chattanooga in September, 1863. 
At Chickamauga his horse was shot under him, but 
mounting that of an orderly, he placed himself at the head 
of his troops and drove back the enemy at the close of the 
battle on Saturday. On Sunday the enemy, after repeated 
assaults upon the left of the Snodgrass Hill Ime under his 
command, was repulsed. Upon the reorganization of the 
Army of the Cumberland, he was assigned to the command 
of the Third Division, Fourth Army Corps, which division 
assaulted, carried and held Orchard Knob, November 23, 

1863, upon the opening of the battles around Chattanooga, 
and on November 25th the troops of his division were the 
first to carry Mission Ridge. His division was with the 
column sent to the relief of Knoxville, and campaigned in 
east Tennessee during the severe winter of 1863-4, his 
troops suffering many privations. 

In the Atlanta campaign. General Wood was severely 
wounded at the battle of Lovejoy's Station, September 2, 

1864. At the battle of Franklin, Tennessee, General 
Stanley being wounded, General Wood succeeded in com- 



278 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 

mand of the Fourth Army Corps, and at the battle of 
Nashville his corps assaulted and carried the enemy's 
center, capturing twenty-four pieces of artillery and about 
three thousand prisoners, continuing in pursuit of the 
enemy for over one hundred miles. In July, 1865, the 
Fourth Corps was sent to Texas, General Wood being 
placed in command of the Department of the Mississippi. 
General Wood is upon the retired list as a major-general 
of the arrny, and is now residing at Dayton, Ohio. 

JAMES BLAIR STEEDMAN. 

James Blair Steedman was borii in Northumberland 
county, Pennsylvania, July 29, 18 17. In early life he 
removed to what was then known as " the west," and when 
the Texan war commenced, he joined Sam Houston's army 
in Texas. Afterward he returned to Ohio. In 1847 a-^d 
1848 he was elected as a democrat to the lower house of 
the Ohio Legislature. In 1857 he was made public printer 
by the Congress of the United States. In i860 he was 
a delegate to the National Democratic convention, which 
met at Charleston, S. C, and adjourned to Baltimore. He 
supported Stephen A. Douglas. He was a major-general 
in the Ohio militia, which position he held until he entered 
the United States service as colonel of the Fourteenth 
Ohio Volunteers in 1861. He led his regiment in the 
engagements at Phillippi, Laurel Hill and Carrick's ford in 
the three-months service. The regiment re-enlisted for 
three years or during the war, and in the autumn of 1861 
was sent to Kentucky. July 17, 1862, he was appointed 
to be brigadier-general of volunteers, and took part in the 
battle of Perryville. It was at the battle of Chickamauga 
that General Steedman rendered his most distinguished 
service. He was commanding a division in the reserve 
corps, which was stationed at Red House bridge with orders 
to hold that point. It was not seriously engaged in Sat- 



BIOC.KAPHICAL SKETCHES. 279 

urday's battle. On Sunday General Gordon Granger com- 
manding the reserve corps hearing the sound of a furious 
battle at Snodgrass House, decided without orders — in fact 
against orders — to go to the assistance of Thomas 
and with General Steedman's division reported to 
General Thomas, and about 3 P. M. was en- 
gaged on the right of Thomas' line, driving the 
enemy back over the ridge. This victory was decisive, 
and won for Steedman, the soubriquet of "Old Chicka- 
mauga." He was promoted to be major-general of volun- 
teers for gallantry in that battle. He was next assigned to 
the command of the District of the Etowah, covering the ter- 
ritory from the Tennessee to the Etowah rivers, with head- 
quarters in Chattanooga. 

In November, 1864, when the rebel general Hood was 
marching on Nashville, threatening the invasion of Ken- 
tucky, General Steedman, with about 5,000 soldiers of all 
arms, joined General Thomas at Nashville. In the battle' 
of Nashville Steedman opened the fight, and on the second 
day of the battle-4iis troops with those of the Fourth Corps 
under General Wood broke the enemy's lines on the left, 
and pursued the retreating foe until darkness compelled 
them to halt. In the pursuit of Hood's army he led his 
troops to Tuscumbia, Alabama, from where he returned to 
Chattanooga. He was assigned to the command of the 
state of Georgia, and resigned in July, 1866. He was 
appointed by President Johnson, collector of internal 
revenue at New Orleans. Later he returned to Ohio and 
was elected to the State Senate, and in 1873 was a mem- 
ber of the constitutional convention of the state. 

m '»» '»» 
EDWARD A. KING. 

Edward A. King, who was killed at the battle of Chicka- 
mauga, Georgia, September 20, 1863. while commanding 
the Second Brigade, Fourth Division, Fourteenth Army 



28o SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



Corps, was born in Cambridge, Washington county, state 
of New York, 1814. 

During the Texan> struggle for independence, he raised 
a company in the city of New Orleans, and reported with 
his command to General Sam Houston, and served in 
Texas until her independence was achieved. 

He was appointed a captain of infantry March 9, 1847; 
assigned to the Fifteenth United States Infantry April 9, 
1847. Served with his regiment in Mexico from May to 
September 12, 1847, and was in the following battles: 
Pasde Ovejas (Tolmes), Mexico, June 6 and 7, 1847; Na- 
tional Bridge, Mexico, June 11 and 12, 1847; and Chepul- 
tepec, Mexico, September 12, 1847, where he was severely 
wounded. Sick in Mexico to October 20, 1847, and absent 
sick on account of wounds until honorably mustered out, 
August 4. 1848. Appointed lieutenant-colonel Nineteenth 
United States Infantry May 14, 1861; promoted to colonel 
Sixth United States Infantry August i, 1863. 

In the summer of 1862 he was assigned to duty in 
Indianapolis, and in August, 1862, at the time of Bragg's 
invasion of Tennessee and Kentucky he was appointed 
colonel of the Sixty-eighth Regiment Indiana Infantry, 
and left immediately with his regiment for Kentucky, where 
he participated in the movements of our army to resist 
the advance of «the rebel general Bragg. At Munford- 
ville, Kentucky, on September 17, he was surrendered with 
his regiment and a large force under Colonel John Wilder. 
To Colonel King was assigned the duty of delivering the 
post to the rebel general Buckner, who had been a prisoner 
of war in his charge at Indianapolis. The Sixty-eighth 
Regiment had been given a beautiful silken flag — a very 
handsome one that was highly prized by the regiment. 
When it was known that the post would be surrendered 
Colonel King wrapped the flag around his body, under his 
clothing. The flag was large and increased the size of 
the Colonel to such an extent that General Buckner 



BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 28 I 

remarked to him that he had increased in weight some- 
what since they parted at Indianapolis. He wore the 
national colors in this manner until the regiment arrived in 
Jeffersonville, Indiana. After exchange Colonel King again 
took the field with his regiment, and at Murfreesboro was 
assigned to the Second brigade, Reynolds' division, but 
his health being impaired he accepted a leave of absence. 
He rejoined his regiment at University Heights, Tennessee, 
and assumed command of the brigade at the head of which 
he distinguished himself during the Chattanooga campaign. 
Colonel King was a man of noble character, a gallant 
soldier, and when he laid down his life at Chickamauga, 
his loss was deeply deplored by the soldiers of his com- 
mand who had learned to love him. 

'•» '»» '•> 

FRANK McSHANE. 

Frank McShane was born in Dearborn county. Indiana, 
January 3, 1841, but was reared to manhood in Franklin 
county, near New Trenton, where he was educated in the 
district schools. He enlisted in Company A at its organiza- 
tion, and was in every engagement and battle of the reg- 
iment, excepting the battles of Orchard Knob and Mission- 
ary Ridge. At Hoover's Gap, June 24, 1863, was slightly 
wounded in the mouth, losing two teeth. At Chickamauga 
was seriously wounded in the face, the ball entering the left 
cheek and coming out just under the right eye. This oc- 
curred late on Saturday in Brotherton woods, just as the 
regiment commenced to fall back. His wound was dressed 
by Dr. Wooden, and he arrived in Chattanooga Sunday 
night with wounded under care of Dr. Meredith. He 
rejoined his company at Knoxville, Tennessee, about April 
7, on its return from east Tennessee to Chattanooga. He 
remained with the regiment to the close of its service, 
sharing in engagements at Dalton, Georgia, Decatur, 
Alabama, and the battle of Nashville, Tennessee, and the 



282 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 

pursuit of Hood's army. Was discharged with his company 
and regiment June 20, 1865. After the war he located in 
Morgan county, Indiana, and was engaged in timber busi- 
ness. Was married in 1877, and was blessed with four 
sons. He removed with his family in 1880 to Gardner, 
Kansas, and engaged in farming and stock raising, which 
he has since followed with both pleasure and profit. 

f* fv 1< 

JOHN W. HUFFMAN. 

|ohn W. Huffman was born in Dearborn county, 
Indiana, February 24, 1844. He removed with his parents 
to Ripley county, Indiana, when sixteen years of age. His 
boyhood was spent on a farm with the usual district school 
education. Enlisted as a private in Company B Sixty- 
eighth, August, 1862; was appointed to be sixth corporal; 
promoted to be sergeant, and on October i, 1864, was pro- 
moted to first lieutenant of his company, for gallant conduct 
in action at Dalton, Georgia, where he grasped the colors 
of his regiment from the hands of the fallen color bearer, 
and led the line in face of the enemy. His father and two 
brothers were in the military service in the war of the Rebel- 
lion — the father dying in Andersonville prison, and one 
brother falling at Fredericksburg. Lieutenant Huffman 
was mustered out with his regiment June 20, 1865. 

He was married to Miss Martha Shackelford. October 
29, 1865. Three children, two sons and one daughter, 
blessed their union, all of whom survive. His wife, 
Martha, was a daughter of Erastus Shackelford, who was 
born in Brown county, Ohio, March 6, 181 5; was married 
to Miss Mary Stewart, September i, 1836, which union 
was blessed by eight children — four sons and four daughters, 
all living. Enlisted in Company F, Sixty-eighth Indiana 
Volunteers, at the age of forty-seven years. Returning 
home at his discharge, he removed to Bondurant, Polk 
county, Iowa, where he died November 15, 1894, at a ripe 



BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 283 

old age. His wife preceded him to the h'fe beyond the 
grave. 

Lieutenant Huffman removed to Poliv county, Iowa, 
in 1870, where he engaged in agricultural pursuits, his 
favorite occupation. His farm was highly improved, its 
fertile acres, handsome shrubbery, and stately groves mak- 
ing it one of the finest in the state: an ideal home for the 
gallant soldier and patriot, and his charming wife and 
loving children. On the 27th day of May, 1897, surrounded 
by his devoted family, he crossed the "silent river." Was 
laid to rest in Santiago cemetery on Decoration day. 

He was a consistent member of the M. E. Church: 
was connected wifh Bondurant Lodge No. 243, I. O. O. F. , 
and Warr Post, No. 17, G. A. R., Mitchelville, Iowa. 
Comrade Huffman as a soldier and citizen was faithful to 
every trust and left to his family a competency honorably 
acquired, and the priceless legacy of a good name. 

'0 f » '»» 
RICHARD L. LEESON. 

Richard L. Leeson was born in Wayne county, Indi- 
ana, on the 8th day of December, 1826. His parents were 
both of southern extraction. His father was Richard 
Largent Leeson, a native of Greenbrier county, Virginia.' 
His mother's maiden name was Jane Dooley. She was a 
native of Bourbon county, Kentucky. He came from mili- 
tary ancestry, his father being a lieutenant in Captain 
Hawkins' company, which went from Eaton, Ohio, to the 
relief of Fort Meigs, in the war with Great Britain in 
1 812-14, at which place he was stationed after the siege 
was raised, subsequently becoming a colonel of militia 
under the first militar}' laws of Indiana, and was author of 
a standard work on military tactics. 

The subject of this sketch, until his eighteenth year, 
passed his time on his father's farm, m the vicinity of 
which he acquired, through the medium of the district 

1 — Nuvv in West Virginia. 



284 SIXTY- EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 

school, the foundation of an education, to which he has 
since added by constant application in the ' ' school of life. " 
He has been twice married — first to Miss Mary J. Brooks, 
of Centerville, Wayne county, Indiana, who died three 
years after marriage. There were born of this union two 
children, both dying in infancy. The second marriage was 
to Miss Keziah McWhorter, of Metamora, Franklin county, 
Indiana. She departed this life at Elwood, Indiana, March 
24, 1897. There were born to them five children — four 
sons and one daughter — one of the sons dying in infancy, 
another in 1901. The other boys are in business with their 
father at Elwood, Indiana. The daughter is living at 
Brookville, Indiana, the wife of M. P. Hubbard, a rising 
young lawyer. 

In July, 1862, he assisted in recruiting the Sixty-eighth 
Indiana Volunteers (holding a commission as second lieu- 
tenant for that purpose), and entered the service on August 
19, 1862, as first lieutenant in Company C of that regi- 
ment ; w^as promoted to be captain, November 18, 1862, 
and at close of the war of the rebellion was brevetted 
major, lieutenant-colonel and colonel for gallant and merito- 
rious conduct. Captain Leeson took part in what is known 
as the Kentucky campaign, and participated in the battles of 
Hoover's Gap, Chickamauga, Chattanooga, Orchard Knob, 
Missionary Ridge, Dandridge, east Tennessee, and Dalton, 
Georgia. In the Kentucky campaign. Lieutenant Leeson 
was on picket duty, in charge of 156 men detailed from 
eight companies of his regiaient, at Lebanon Junction, at 
the time his regiment left for Munfordville, on September 
15, 1862. General Dumont ordered that these men be 
organized as a company, and assigned Lieutenant Leeson 
to its command. This squad, or company, was facetiously 
termed Company " O." After burning all surplus govern- 
ment stores, including many damaged army wagons, this 
company, along with Companies I and B of the Sixty-eighth 
Indiana, marched to Shepherdsville, where they remained 



BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 285 



two days and made a muster roll for the detachments. 
While in charge of picket line at this place an incident 
occurred which might have changed the career of the noted 
Confederate general Morgan, but for the positive orders of 
General Dumont not to admit any person within our lines, 
a)id not to bring thcni in under giunrd. A man in citizen's 
dress approached the line and was halted by a guard from 
Company I. He claimed to be Dr. Young, a noted Union 
man of Muldrough's Hill. Lieutenant Leeson, hearing the 
talk, went to him and began to question him closely, 
whereupon he turned away and left them, and had it not 
been for the orders of General Dumont, Lieutenant Leeson 
would have arrested him. In 1863, at the time of "Mor- 
gan's raid" through Indiana and Ohio, the guard from 
Company I at Shepherdsville, having been discharged, was 
present at the capture of General Morgan, and they recog- 
nized each other, and General Morgan, referring to the 
incident in Kentucky, said he was surprised that he escaped 
arrest, as he was satisfied that the lieutenant suspected 
him, and he was glad to get away. 

At Hoover's Gap, in June, 1863, Captain Leeson was 
placed in command of three companies of his regiment, and 
ordered to a position on the right to drive out some con- 
federates who had taken possession of a position sheltered 
by a "clump of timber." He went to the position as di- 
rected, and with the assistance of a section of the Nineteenth 
Indiana Battery under command of Captain Harris, drove 
the enemy from the position without the loss of a man, for 
which he was highly complimented by his superior officers. 
At Chickamauga he commanded his company during the 
two days' battle, being slightly wounded on first day, and 
on evening of second day, on Horse Shoe Ridge, or Snod- 
grass Hill, with his regiment took the position of rearguard 
to Brannan's division. Fourteenth Army Corps, which was 
the last to leave Snodgrass Hill. He commanded his com- 
pany during the battles of Chattanooga, Orchard Knob and 



286 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT I. V. I. 

Missionary Ridge, and assumed ttie command of his regi- 
ment after it crossed the last line of the enemy's breast- 
works on crest of Missionary Ridge, the commanding officer 
of the regiment being wounded, and on morning of Novem- 
ber 28, 1863, immediately after the battle, left with his 
regiment for the relief of General Burnside at Knoxville, 
Tennessee. He remained in command of the regiment 
from November 25, 1863, until March i, 1864, taking an 
active part in all the engagements with General Longstreet's 
forces during the winter of 1863 and 1864. 

Colonel Leeson was president of a general court mar- 
tial at Chattanooga, Tennessee, in July and August, 1864, 
and was inspector-general on the staff of the commander of 
the post of Chattanooga from September, 1864, to Febru- 
ary, 1865. In the summer of 1864 he was placed in com- 
mand of a detail to take nearly 3,000 cattle to the "front," 
General Sherman's army at the time being near Atlanta, 
Georgia. He was mustered out with his command, June 
20, 1865. 

At the close of the war Colonel Leeson was appointed 
deputy assessor of internal revenue for the fourth collec- 
tion district, Indiana, and served in that capacity for four 
years, when he resigned and engaged in the mercantile 
business, in which he has achieved a phenomenal success, 
at Elwood, Indiana, where, under the name of R. L. Leeson 
& Sons, he has the largest department store in Indiana, the 
annual sales amounting to over a half million dollars. His 
success is due to fidelity and unflinching honesty, and is an 
example of achievement through strict devotion to duty, 
and sound business methods, that is worthy of the highest 
emulation. This faithful officer, and successful business 
man, is on the western slope of life, nearing the twilight, 
and can feel the damp of the coming night and catch an 
occasional glimpse, through the shade, of the marble at the 
end of the path. 



BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 287 



JOHN R. KENNEDY. 

John R. Kennedy was born in Clermont county, 
Ohio, in 1836. He was educated at district schools. He 
enlisted in Company C, Sixty-eighth, August 6, 1862. 
Was appointed third sergeant, and promoted to orderly 
sergeant on May i, 1863, and to first lieutenant of Com- 
pany C, to date from January 3, 1864, and remained 
with the regiment until the close of the war. Lieutenant 
Kennedy was engaged in all of the battles of the regiment 
excepting Missionary Ridge, being at that time on recruit- 
ing service in Indiana. At Chickamauga, Saturday after- 
noon Sergeant Kennedy was in command of Company 
C for a few hours, the captain being wounded and tempo- 
rarily disabled, and assisted in reforming the regiment 
and brigade on the ridge south of Dyer House just after the 
repulse southeast of Brotherton's. He was in command 
of Company C at the battle of Nashville, leading it in 
the charge against Fort Jackson the second day of the 
battle, and in pui^suit of Hood's flying columns after the 
battle. In the spring of 1865, Lieutenant Kennedy was 
in charge of the Soldiers' Home at Chattanooga, Tennessee, 
where his administrative abilities won the praise of his 
superior officers. 

In 1864 he was united in marriage to Miss Tempa 
Thomas, of Metamora, Indiana, and to them were born 
seven children, only one of the number having passed over 
to the larger life beyond the grave. 

A few years after the close of the war, by reason of 
diseases contracted in the service that disabled him for 
work at his trade. Lieutenant Kennedy bought a stock 
farm in Franklin county, Indiana, and engaged in agricult- 
ural pursuits until 1892, when he retired from the farm 
to reside at Blooming Grove, Indiana. 

Lieutenant Kennedy was a brave soldier and in all 
the relations of life he has always been faithful and true. 



SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



JOHN BURKHART. 

John Burkhart was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, April 29, 
1837, and is a son of Robert and Magdalena (Leis) Bark- 
hart. Robert Burkhart came to this country from Baden, 
Germany, and located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in 
1833. In 1835 he removed to Cincinnati, Ohio. John 
Burkhart, the subject of this sketch, attended the public 
schools of Cincinnati. At the age of seventeen he left 
school, and was engaged in making starch in the St. Ber- 
nard and Lockland, Ohio, factories. In 1856 he accepted 
a situation in a machine shop in Cincinnati, Ohio, leaving 
it in 1858 to accept a more remunerative position on the 
White Water Valley Canal, which had just passed under 
the control of Joseph Cooper, and Washington McLean, of 
Cincinnati. In this connection he first came to Brookville, 
Indiana, and took charge of a steam dredging machine, 
and when not engaged with the dredge assisted in repairing 
locks, aqueducts and dams. Upon the tiring on Fort 
Sumter by the rebels in April, 1861, he dropped civil pur- 
suits and enlisted in Captain John C. Burton's company, 
known as Company C, Thirteenth Indiana Infantry, but 
before Burton's company had been assigned to a regiment, 
Burkhart, with a number of others, withdrew from the com- 
pany and joined the Sixteenth Indiana Infantry, under com- 
mand of Colonel Pleasant A. Hackleman, who was soon 
promoted to be a general and was killed in battle at luka, 
Mississippi. This regiment was called into service for one 
year, and was under command of General Banks in the 
Shenandoah Valley, and in front of Washington, until May, 
1862, when it was discharged at Washington City. John 
Burkhart returned to Brookville and resumed his work on 
the White Water Valley Canal. , The rebellion not having 
been suppressed, in August, 1862, he enlisted in Company 
C, Sixty-eighth Indiana Infantry, assisted in recruiting the 
company, was made a sergeant, and later first sergeant, 



BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 289 

and promoted to be a second lieutenant. He was captured 
with the regiment at Munfordville, Kentucky, in September, 
1862, and shared its fortunes, participating in all of its 
work until November, 1863, when he resigned. In 1864, 
the war not having ended, he raised Company F, One Hun- 
dred and Forty-sixth Indiana Infantry. This regiment went 
to the front in the Shenandoah Valley, Virginia, where it 
remained until after the close of hostilities, being finally 
discharged August 31, 1865. Captain Burkhart served, 
three years and thirty days, and was always ready for duty.. 
He had the good fortune of not being wounded, or other- 
wise disabled. The captain had two brothers, Joseph and 
Robert, each of whom served three years or more, Joseph 
in the Sixth Ohio Infantry and Robert one year in a Mis- 
souri regiment and three years in a Kentucky regi- 
ment. After the war Captain Burkhart returned to 
Brookville and entered upon the work of a contractor 
and builder. Many of the finest residences in that town 
were designed and built by him. He assisted in remodel- 
ing the court 4iouse, also the Children's Home. He 
furnished plans for the system of water works in use at 
Brookville, and has been superintendent in charge of the 
works since their construction. He furnished plans for 
rebuilding the dam of the Brookville and Metamora Hy- 
draulic Company. He furnished the plans and built the 
corrugating box factory for the Thompson, Norris Company, 
at Brookville, and furnished plans for the Brookville Man- 
ufacturing Company and Canning Factory, and designed 
all of the equipments. As a builder he has added to the 
architectural beauty of Brookville. In 1885 he built the 
last of the "over shot" water wheels — the picturesque old 
wheels that added so much to the charming scenery of the 
White Water Valley. 

In November, 1862, he was married to Mary Gross- 
man, which union has been happily blessed with nine 
children. 

19 



290 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



WILLIAM F. GORDON. 

William F. Gordon, son of Orville and Drusilla (Black- 
lidge) Gordon, was born near Metamora, in Franklin 
county, Indiana, September 7, 1843. He was reared on 
a farm, and was educated at the district school. He en- 
listed in Company C August 6, 1862. Was acting sergeant 
major of the regiment from the battle of Chickamauga 
until promoted to be quartermaster sergeant. He took 
part in all the battles in which the regiment was engaged. 
Was discharged as quartermaster sergeant with his regi- 
ment and returned to Metamora, Indiana, and engaged in 
farming. Was united in marriage to Miss Laura Martin- 
dale, of Metamora, Indiana, December 2, 1866. Two 
children were born to their union, one dying in infancy, 
the other, Guy L. , is a promising young man. Removed 
to Rush county, Indiana, in March, 1872, where he pur- 
chased a fine tract of fertile land, which he farmed until 
1880, when he was elected treasurer of Rush county, 
when he removed to Rushville, where he now resides. 
For several years he has been engaged in farming and 
banking; was 'president of the first gas company organ- 
ized in Rushville; served for a long term of years as a 
trustee of "East Hill Cemetery," and has occupied many 
other positions of trust, public and private. He and his 
family are members of the M. E. church, which he has 
served for fifteen years as a trustee. He is a stalwart 
republican in politics, and finds much satisfaction in the 
fact that he cast his first presidential vote for Gen. U. 
S. Grant, and ever since has given unflinching support to the 
principles and nominees of the Republican party. He was 
a member of a committee on design for the monument of 
the Sixty-eighth to be placed in Chickamauga Park, and 
he conceived and submitted a design which was adopted 
and placed on the monument. 

Upright and just in all the relations of life, Mr. Gor- 




Q. M. SERGEANT WILLIAM F. GORDON. 



BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. . 29 I 

don has won the confidence and esteem of all who know 
him. His word is as good as his bond. 

'f» 1* (f< 

EDWIN A. HILLMAN. 

Edwin A. Hillman was born in Birmingham, England, 
in 1842, a son of John and Ann (Rubottom) Hillman, who 
emigrated to the United States in 185 1, and located at 
Metamora, Indiana, in the far famed White Water Valley, 
where Mr. Hillman engaged in business of general mer- 
chandise, and operated a liouring mill. He was educated 
at district schools. The boyhood and youth of Edwin A. 
Hillman were passed under the parental roof where he was 
taught habits of industry and trained to be a good citizen 
of his adopted country. When it became evident that the 
war of the 'rebellion would not end in ninety days, but that 
a serious contest had been entered upon which might last 
for years, he offered his life to his country. He enlisted as 
a private in Company C, Sixty-eighth Regiment Indiana 
Infantry, August 8, 1862, and was discharged June 20, 
1865. He took a part in all of the engagements in which 
the regiment participated. At Chickamauga he was among 
the first to rally around Colonel King, after the disaster to 
our troops on Saturday, and was with the regiment at Poe 
field, and on Snodgrass Hill, Sunday night. At Missionary 
Ridge he was among the first on the crest of the ridge to 
repel the advance of the enemy who were driven from in 
front of Baird's division. It was here that he won the dis- 
tinction of capturing a gun of the enemy by his presence of 
mind in shooting down a leading horse as the gun was being 
moved rapidly to the rear. At his discharge he returned to 
Metamora, but soon moved to Lawrenceburg, Indiana. On 
the 29th day of December, 1869, he married Miss Rocelia 
Ransom, whose parents came to Indiana from Herkimer 
county. New York. Five children have blessed their union: 
Anna, Mary, Edward, Emma and Charles. He is an 



292 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 

earnest member of the M. E. church, and a member of 
Lookout Post, No. 2, Grand Arrny of the Republic, Chat- 
tanooga, Tennessee. 

He was one of the party with Colonel S. C. Kellogg to 
locate the site of Colonel King's death, and it is chiefly due 
to him that the site originally selected was changed to its 
present location in southeast Kelly's field, to conform to 
the facts. He has been active in locating positions of his 
regiment and brigade in the battle of Chickamauga and 
at Missionary Ridge. At the time the monument to the 
memory of the Fourth Corps was erected in the National 
Cemetery at Chattanooga, the Sixty-eighth Indiana was 
omitted from the list of regiments composing it, and it was 
due to Comrade Hillman that its name was afterward 
placed on the monument. 

For several years he has resided on Lookout Mountain, 
and is proprietor of a hotel known as the "New Mountain 
Home," and is postmaster for Lookout Mountain (1902). 
He is widely known in that locality, and with his family 
enjoys the warm regards of a very large circle of friends. 

f» 'n 'n 

FRANCIS M. SHERWOOD. 

Francis M. Sherwood was born in Franklin county, 
Indiana, October 13, 1842. He was reared on a farm near 
Metamora, and received his education at the district school. 
He enlisted as a private in Company C, August, 1862. He 
was never absent from his command except by reason of 
disease or injury. He was a brave soldier, of whom his 
captain, Leeson, says: " He was always willing to perform 
his duty, and even more. At Chickamauga he was excused 
from duty by the surgeon, but just before the opening of 
the battle, when it was known that a heavy fight was immi- 
nent, he called upon me and said, ' I want to go with you 




FRANCIS M. SHERWOOD, Company C. 



BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 293 

in the battle.' I informed him that he was excused from 

duty, and was under orders of the surgeon, but if he joined 

the ranks I would not order him back. He went into the 

battle, and was with the company on the firing line through 

the two days of battle. The same thing occurred again at 

the storming of Missionary Ridge, where he was among the 

first on the crest." Was mustered out with the regiment, 

June 20, 1865, and returning to his former home, learned 

the trade of a carpenter, following that occupation for ten 

years, when, totally disabled for manual labor by injuries 

received in the military service, he removed to Indianapolis 

and engaged in business as a restaurateur, which he has 

since followed with success. He is esteemed by all as an 

upright, reliable man, and well deserves the success he has 

achieved. 

/f\ »»\ if\ 

JAMES H. MAUZY. 

James H. Mauzy was born August 22, 1842, in Rush 
county, Indiana."" Entered service as a private, and com- 
missioned first lieutenant. Company D, Sixty-eighth Indi- 
ana Infantry, August 12, 1862. Promoted to be captain, 
June 2, 1863. Was with his company in the Kentucky 
campaign of August and September, ending with the battle 
of Munfordville on the I5th-i6th of September, 1862. 
Served on the brigade staffs of Colonel Dan McCook, 
Colonel A. S. Hall, Colonel Milton S. Robinson, and 
Colonel Edward A. King, Second brigade. Fourth divis- 
ion. Fourteenth Army Corps. Was in the battles of Hoov- 
er's Gap, Chickamauga, Orchard Knob and Missionary 
Ridge, and campaign in east Tennessee for the relief of 
Knoxville, November, 1863, to April 30, 1864. Detached 
as judge advocate of a court martial and military commis- 
sion. District of the Etowah, at Chattanooga, July, 1864. 
to May, 1865. Mustered out with company at Nashville, 



294 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 

Tennessee, June 20, 1865, and placed in charge of flags and 
records of the regiment to return them to IndianapoHs. 

fv I* fi 

JOHN M. FRANCIS. 

John M. Francis was born in Decatur county, Indi- 
ana, near site of Camp Logan, where the Sixty-eighth was 
organized, March 3, 1845. 

At the age of two years he removed with his father's 
family to Metamora, Franklin county, Indiana, where he con- 
tinued to reside until the death of his father in 1858, from 
which time to the date of his enlistment in Company D, 
Sixty-eighth, he worked on a farm, and received a district 
school education. He enlisted in the Sixty-eighth at the 
age of seventeen, and was in all of the many engagements 
with the enemy in which this regiment participated. 

Both of his grandfathers served under General Wash- 
ington in the war of the Revolution, and two of his broth- 
ers, James, and Peter B., served in the war of 1 861-5, 
and his youngest brother was in the Spanish-American war, 
as a member of the One Hundred and Sixty-first Indiana. 

Was united in marriage to Miss Sarah E. Simpson, 
daughter of William and Isabel Simpson, of Boone county, 
in September, 1869. Three children blessed this union, 
only one of whom. Pearl, survives. For eighteen years 
he has resided at Sheridan, Indiana, and has always taken 
an active interest in the welfare of that city; was one of 
the first to prospect for oil and gas; was an organizer of 
the Thistlewaite Bank, served as its first cashier, and is 
now its vice-president. Also, a member of the school 
board of Sheridan. 

As a soldier he did his duty faithfully. As a citizen 
and neighbor he is held in the highest esteem by those who 
know him best. Broad minded and generous, he has 
along his life's journey exerted a wide influence for good, by 
his acts and deeds assisting others on the way to success. 





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LEANDER GOODWIN, Company D. 



BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 



295 



LEANDER GOODWIN. 

Leander Goodwin was born in Rush county, Indiana, 
in 1842. In 1856 he removed with his father's family to 
the state of Missouri, where he remained for two years, and 
then returned to Rush county, Indiana. He was educated 
in the district schools, and worked on a farm until he 
enlisted in Company D, Sixty-eighth Indiana, in August, 
1862, sharing in all its hardships and engagements, and 
escaped without wounds and was never in a hospital as a 
patient. Was promoted to be corporal and discharged as 
such with regiment, June 20. 1865. Was united in mar- 
riage to Phoeba A. Marshall on the 29th day of August, 
1868, and seven children have blessed their union. At his 
discharge he moved to Curtisville, Tipton county, Indiana, 
where he has since remained, engaged in farming, mer- 
chandising, and manufacturing drain tiles. Was postmas- 
ter; was railroad agent; was trustee of the township, and 
has held five commissions as notary public. He owns a 
•well-improved farm of 140 acres. Is an upright and reli- 
able business man, and well deserves the success he has 
achieved. He was at the dedication of the Chickamauga 
Park, at the reunion of his regiment at Poe's field, where 
its monument is located, and again revisited the park in 
1898, and found real pleasure in the monuments and 
markers erected by the various states to commemorate 
the valor of their sons who fought on this bloody field, the 
monument of Kentucky, dedicated alike to her sons who 
wore the blue and the gray, being one that made a deep 
impression on his mind as being symbolic of the objects 
of this celebrated park. 

'f» '»» '»» 

CHARLES H. BRYANT. 

Charles H. Bryant was born in Cmcinnati. Ohio, re- 
moving to Lawrenceburg, Indiana, in 1856. When the 
first call for troops was made in April, 1861, three months 



296 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 

men, enlisted in Company G, Seventh Regiment Indiana 
Volunteer Infantry, Colonel Ebenezer Dumont; was with 
company and regiment at Philippi, Virginia, June 3, 1861, 
being mentioned for " good conduct " in that affair; was 
also with regiment at Bealington, Laurel Hill and Carrick's 
Ford. After discharge at expiration of term of service, was 
with same regiment after its re-enlistment at the battle of 
Greenbrier, Virginia, October 3, 1861. Accepting position 
as second lieutenant, he assisted in raising a company for 
the Sixty-eighth Indiana, and was elected first lieutenant 
of Company E. Promoted to be captain of same com- 
pany November 24, 1862. Was brevetted major, lieuten- 
ant-colonel, and colonel to date from March 13. 1865, and 
was mustered out with company and regiment at Nashville, 
Tennessee, at the close of the war in 1865. 

m »»» m 
OLIVER B. LIDDELL. 

Oliver Brown Liddell, lawyer and jurist, was born 
November 3, 1843, near Guilford, Dearborn county, Indi- 
ana; educated in the public schools, and later, at fourteen 
years of age, entered Brookville College — a Methodist 
school in an adjoining county — from which he graduated 
at the age of seventeen. 

Mr. Liddell enlisted in the Sixty-eighth Regiment at its 
organization; was promoted to second lieutenant in April, 
1863, and to first lieutenant the following September. His 
service was that of the regiment, and he commanded his 
company in the battle of Nashville; was mustered out 
with his regiment. Studied law in 1865 and until he was 
appointed second lieutenant in the Eighteenth Infantry, 
Army of the United States, by President Johnson. In this 
service he was stationed at Fort Morgan, Colorado, until 
1867, when he resigned. While at this post he commanded 
Company B of the Third Battalion of his regiment, and at 
the same time held the position of post adjutant, quarter- 




JAMES TERHUXE, Company E. 



BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 297 



master and commissary. On resigning his position, he 
returned to Lawrenceburg, Indiana, resuming the study 
and practice of law, being admitted to the bar in that year. 
Continued in his profession at that place for fifteen years, 
in 1882 removing to Denver, Colorado, where he has since 
resided, practicing his profession with a good measure of 
success. He has held the position of district judge of the 
second district, but has not been inclined to seek ofifice, 
deeming it a higher position to take interest in government 
and politics from the standpoint of a private citizen pursu- 
ing his profession. 

V On June 5, 1867, Mr. Liddell was married to Josephine 
Major, whose father, Daniel S. Major, was a distinguished 
lawyer of Indiana, and whose ancestry were among the 
first pioneers of the Ohio valley. They have at this time 
(1901) three children living — two sons and one daughter — 
Major, of Boise, Idaho; Donald M., of Baltimore, Mary- 
land, and Olivia, of Denver. 

Judge Liddell's ancestry on his father's side were from 
Yorkshire, England, and of his mother they were colonists 
antedating the American Revolution, some of them being 
American soldiers in that war. 

The subject of this sketch is esteemed as a lawyer of 
fine ability, and to say more than this would be very dis- 
tasteful to him, when it is so fashionable to print biographies 
of men living, extolling their virtues in such manner as to 
make them and their neighbors ask: 

"Can such things be 
And overcome us Uke a summer cloud, 
Without our special wonder ? " 

'»» 1< t" 

JAMES TERHUNE. 

James Terhune was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, Septem- 
ber 18, 1840. Attended the public schools of that city 
until the spring of 1848, when removed to Lawrenceburg, 



298 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 

Indiana, where he attended a private school until 1855, at 
which time he accepted a position on a weekly paper — the 
Lawrenceburg Press, and remained until 1857, followed 
by work as civil engineer on the Ohio & Mississippi Rail- 
road. In August, 1862, he enlisted in Company E and 
went into camp at Greensburg, Indiana, and upon the 
organization of the company was appointed a sergeant, 
and the regiment was mustered into the United States 
service and went to Kentucky, where it was captured at 
Munfordville in September following. Sergeant Terhune 
participated in all the engagements and battles of the regi- 
ment and at the battle of Chickamauga, on September 19, 
(Saturday) was severely wounded in the arm and was com- 
pelled to leave the field. Was in hospitals at Nashville, 
Tennessee, Louisville, Kentucky, and Madison, Indiana. 
While at Madison he was examined by a board of surgeons, 
and against his earnest remonstrance was transferred to 
Second Battalion, Veteran Reserve Corps, and sent to 
Indianapolis, from whence he was sent east and placed on 
duty at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. While there he was 
offered a commission as a lieutenant in United States 
Colored Troops, which he declined by reason of his term 
of service having nearly expired. He was discharged 
at the expiration of his term of enlistment, when he went 
to Brooklyn, New York, and obtained employment as 
a shipping clerk, which he followed for three years. About 
one year later he accepted employment in the Ocean 
National Bank, where he remained until December, 1871. 
In February, 1872, he secured a position in the Seventh 
National Bank, New York City. Was married in 1874, 
which union was blessed with two daughters. He remained 
with the Seventh National Bank for a continuous service 
of twenty years, when he accepted a position in Second 
National Bank, where he has since remained. His ad- 
dress is 737 E. Thirty-first street, Vanderveer Park, Brook- 
lyn, New York. 




ASA GIBBS, Company E. 



BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 299 



ASA GIBBS. 

The subject of this sketch was born in Lawrenceburg, 
Indiana, April 14, 1844, the son of Aaron C. and Eliza 
Gibbs. His father had been a soldier in the Mexican war, 
a captain in the company raised for the First Indiana, and 
served with his regiment during that war. Asa Gibbs 
received a common-school education, and worked at farm- 
ing until he arrived at the age of eighteen years, when, as 
did so many of the men of that day, he enlisted in the 
service of his country and joined Company E, Sixty-eighth 
Indiana, on August 11, 1862. Shortly after his muster-in, 
he was taken prisoner with his regiment at Munfordville, 
Kentucky. In the Chattanooga campaign he was made a 
corporal, and served faithfully until the battle of Chicka- 
mauga, where he was severely wounded in the left thigh and 
fell into the hands of the enemy. He remained on the field 
with but slight attention paid to his wounds for nine days, 
when, with others severely wounded, he was paroled and 
sent to Chattanooga, and from thence was sent north for 
treatment. Upon recovery, and being then exchanged 
(May, 1864), he rejoined his regiment at Chattanooga. 
About this time he was promoted to be a sergeant, by 
Captain Charles H. Bryant, of his company. In the bat- 
tle at Nashville, December 15 and 16, 1864, he was again 
wounded, this time in the cheek. Although the wound was 
slight, it was a close call, and it will always be remembered 
by the recipient. However, it was severe enough to render 
him unable to follow Hood in his retreat from Nashville, 
and he did not rejoin his regiment until after its return to 
Chattanooga. To sum up his army experience, he was 
twice taken prisoner by the enemy, twice wounded, and 
served with his command until its final muster-out at Nash- 
ville, Tennessee. 

After the war closed. Sergeant Gibbs entered the quar- 
termaster's service and had charge of the stables of horses 



300 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 

belonging to the government at Carthage, Ohio, and also 
had charge of the watch until that station was given up. 
He then went into the oil business in eastern Ohio, after- 
wards learning the carpenter and bridge-building trade, 
and became a member of the firm of Chamberlin, Gibbs 
& Co., extensive bridge builders and railroad contractors. 
He was married to Belle L. Collins, at Delhi, Ohio, Feb- 
ruary 26, 1872, of which union seven children were born, 
all of whom are living except one who died in infancy. In 
the fall of 1889, with his family, he removed to Hancock 
county, Iowa, where he opened up a farm, and where at 
present (July, 1900) he still resides, and where he would 
be happy to greet his old comrades. 

1* (»» i» 
JOHN C. HICKS. 

John C. Hicks was born in Napoleon, Ripley county, 
Indiana, October 7, 1841. Was educated in district schools. 
He enlisted in Company F, Sixty-eighth Regiment Indiana 
Volunteers, in August, 1862, and was mustered into United 
States service as first lieutenant of that company, August 
19, 1862, and promoted to be captain August 20, 1863. He 
had two younger brothers, one sixteen, the other seventeen, 
who enlisted in the military service of the United States, 
and one of them was killed in the battle of Shiloh. 

Captain Hicks served continuously with his command 
from date of muster-in to his discharge with the regiment, 
June 20, 1865. He took part in every important engage- 
ment of the regiment. 

On the i6th day of October, 1862, while at home a 
paroled prisoner of war, he was married to Adelia C. Lamb. 
At the close of the war returning to his boyhood home he 
resumed the study of medicine and surgery, and was grad- 
uated from a leading medical school, since which time he 
has been in constant practice, and his devotion to the duties 




HENRY NICOLAI, Compary F. 



BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 30 I 



of his profession lias made him a successful practitioner. 
He enjoys the esteem and confidence of a large circle of 
acquaintances. 

m m '»< 

MOSES A. CULVER. 

Moses A. Culver was born in Switzerland county^ 
Indiana, June 19, 18 19, and removed, with his father's 
family, at an early age to Ripley county, where he assisted 
to clear about seventy-five acres of forest land for cultiva- 
tion. In 1840 he went on the Ohio river, serving as fire- 
man, watchman, second mate, and mate of a steamboat, 
until a few years before the Civil war, when he left the river 
and engaged in farming near Napoleon, Indiana. 

In 1862, at the age of forty-three years, he enlisted in 
Company F, and served in the ranks until after the battle 
of Chickamauga. On October 10, 1863, he was promoted 
to be first lieutenant of his company in which capacity he 
served faithfully to the muster-out of the regiment, when he 
returned to his former home, and a few years later removed 
to Tipton county, Indiana. His postoffice address is 
Jacksons, Indiana. 

f » i< I* 

HENRY NICOLAI. 

Henry Nicolai was born in Evansville, Indiana, 
March 23, 1843. Was educated at district schools. He 
enlisted in Company F, August 12, 1862, and was promoted 
to be corporal, soon followed by appointment as sergeant. 
He took active part m all the marches and battles of the 
regiment, was taken prisoner with the regiment at Munford- 
ville, Kentucky, in September, 1862, was severely wounded 
in the battle of Chickamauga, September 20, 1863, and was 
left on the field as dead, but he succeeded in rejoining his 
regiment the following day. In November, 1863, he was or- 
dered to report at Indianapolis for recruiting service. Re- 



302 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 

joined the regiment at Knoxville, Tennessee, in February, 
1864, and remained with the regiment until the close of the 
war, and was discharged June 20, 1865. Upon his return 
home he engaged in the meat and provision business in 
Indianapolis, and followed it for thirty years, when he retired 
with a competence. Was president of the Veteran Asso- 
ciation of his regiment in 1899. 

On the I ith day of May, 1882, he was. united in mar- 
riage to Sarah Hilker, which union was blessed with two 
children, both of whom survive. He and his family are 
active members of the German M. E. church. He is a 
member of George H. Thomas Post, No. 17, G. A. R., 
Indianapolis, also a member of Capital Lodge, No. 24, 
I. O. O. F. 

He was a brave and intelligent soldier, accurate and 
reliable in the discharge of every duty imposed upon him. 
In an attractive home in Indianapolis, surrounded by com- 
forts, and happy in the enjoyment of his family and warm 
friendships, he is passing the afternoon of life. 

'n '«> 1* 
JAMES B. THACKREY. 

James B. Thackrey was born in Cumberland county, 
New Jersey, September 8, 1836, and removed with his fa- 
ther's family to Ripley county, Indiana, in 1837. His boy- 
hood was spent on the farm, with the usual district school 
education. 

He enlisted as a private in Company F, Si.xty-eighth, 
August II, 1862, and in the election of officers he was 
selected as first corporal. On September 10, 1862, he was 
promoted to be sergeant, and at Nashville, Tennessee, was 
appointed color-sergeant of the regiment by Colonel Edward 
A. King. In 1864, upon a special call for forty volunteers 
to go on an expedition, with twenty-five men of the Fifth 
Tennessee Cavalry, in search of guerrillas and bushwhackers, 
Sergeant Thackrey was selected as one of the number and, 




JAMKS I!. THArKRKY. Company F. 



mOC.KAl'HICAL SKETCHE?. 303 



under command of Captain Hanson D. Moore, was placed 
on duty in middle Tennessee, at and near Uecherd. 

Sergeant Thackrey was a member of the " Regimental 
Church," and was consistent in every duty to his country 
and his God. 

He was discharged with his regiment June 20, 1865, 
when he returned to his home near Ballstown, Ripley 
county, Indiana, where he has resided ever since, a useful 
and honored member of society. He is a member of August 
Willich Post, No. 175, G. A. R.. Batesville, Indiana. His 
postoffice address is Ballstown, Ripley county, Indiana. 



LAWRENCE V. C. LYNN. 

An honorable, upright life better perpetuates the name 
of man than does a monument which will soon crumble 
beneath the hand of time. Those who have fought for their 
country deserve a place in its records that their posterity 
may turn to with feelings of just pride. 

Lawrence \\ C. Lynn was born in Virginia, February 
2, 1823, and was educated in the district schools. In early 
life he removed to Indiana, locating at Brookville, in Frank- 
lin county, and engaged in business as a blacksmith. He 
was united in marriage to Mary E. Ryman, January 22, 
1852, and three children were born to them. In August. 
1862, the subject of this sketch was commissioned by Gov- 
ernor Morton as captain of Company G, Sixty-eighth In- 
diana Infantry, and participated in all of the struggles of 
the regiment until March 4, 1863, when he resigned by 
reason of ill health and deafness, the latter greatly dis- 
abling him for efficient service. He was a general favorite 
in his company and popular in the regiment. He returned 
to Brookville, Indiana, resuming his former occupation, 
which he followed there and, later, in Greensburg, Decatur 
county, Indiana, where he died, June 29, 1881. Mrs. Lynn 
is still living as his widow, in Indianapolis, devoted to his 



304 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 

memory, enjoying the pleasing recollections of a happy 
married life covering a period of over twenty-nine years. 
C&ptain Lynn was a republican in politics. He was 
a member of the Methodist Episcopal church, a Mason, 
and Odd Fellow. He was affable and courteous to all 
with whom he came in contact, loyal in friendship, faithful 
to his family, and the duties of citizenship, and all life's 
relations, and passed away leaving the memory of a good 
name. 

»n '»\ rf< 

THOMAS C. SHEPPERD. 

Thomas C. Shepperd was born in Brookville, Frank- 
lin county, Indiana, December 28, 1839. Received his 
education at Brookville College. He learned the trade of 
printer with Cyrus B. Bentley of the Brookville Democrat, 
but the work being injurious to his health, he entered the 
dry goods store of Pogue & Jones, Cincinnati, Ohio. At 
the outbreak of the Civil war he enlisted in the Fifth 
Ohio Infantry as a member of the regimental brass band, 
June 25, 1 86 1, and was discharged by order of Secretary 
of War, July 7, 1862. Enlisted August 9, 1862, in Com- 
pany G, Sixty-eighth Indiana Volunteers; was promoted 
to quartermaster-sergeant of the regiment September 19, 
1862. At Chattanooga, Tennessee, in November, 1863, 
at the battle of Missionary Ridge, he was exposed to heavy 
cannonading from redoubt Wood, which caused disease of 
ears resulting in total deafness of right and partial of left ear. 
He was discharged February 24, 1865, to accept promotion 
to first lieutenant and regimental quartermaster of the One 
Hundred and Forty-sixth Indiana Volunteers, and was 
mustered as such on March 4, 1865; was mustered out of 
service with his regiment August 31, 1865, at Baltimore, 
Maryland, with a service of four years and two months in 
the war of the rebellion. In 1866 he entered the United 
States Internal Revenue service as a ganger, and later was 




JOHN W, MASTERS, Company G. 



BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 305 



appointed assistant assessor of internal revenue in the 
fourth collection district of Indiana, and still later was 
appointed a store keeper in said service; was bookkeeper 
for Senator John Beggs at his distillery at Metamora, Indi- 
ana, and later for Captain John Colter at his distilleries 
at Harrison, Ohio, and Cambridge City, Indiana. W as 
united in marriage to Martha L. Keeley, the accomplished 
daughter of Dr. John W. Iveeley, December 3, 1871, and 
two children blessed their union, both of whom have been 
provided fine educational privileges and are useful and 
respected members of society. He resides with his family 
in Indianapolis, Indiana. 

'0 '♦» '♦» 
JOHN W. MASTERS. 

John W. Masters, ex-soldier, and prominent citizen of 
Franklin county, Indiana, is a son of Jacob and Julia Mas- 
ters, who emigrated from Pennsylvania to Indiana in 1833.. 
and was born in Union county, Indiana, near Fairfield,. 
June 26, 1843.— He was educated at the district schools, 
and grew to manhood under the parental roof, passing his 
early years in farming, until his enlistment in his country's 
service during the Civil war. In August, 1862, he joined 
Company G, Sixty-eighth Regiment Indiana Infantry. He 
participated in all the battles of this regiment, excepting 
Nashville. Was wounded in the battle of Chickamauga. 
By reason of exposure on duty with his command in the 
east Tennessee campaign in the severe winter of 1863-4, 
he contracted typhoid fever, which wrecked his health for 
life. Captain George W. Claypool, speaking of him, says: 
"No soldier was more fearless in presence of danger." 
This is a high tribute, coming from Captain Claypool. 
He was discharged on June 20, 1865, and returned to hi", 
former home. 

On the third day of August, 1867, was celebrated the 

marriage of the subject of this sketch and Miss Mary 
20 



3o6 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 

Gertrude Harris, and to them have been born one son and 
three daughters, of whom Edna Mae and Gertrude Fae 
survive, the others having preceded them to the life beyond 
the grave. He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal 
church, and connected with the I. O. O. P.. in which he 
has filled all of the chairs, and is a member of the Rebekah 
degrees. As a citizen he is public spirited, and his sterling 
worth commands the respect of all. He resides in Fair- 
field, Franklin county, Indiana. 

»t\ iiy n\ 

ALANSON R. RYMAN. 

Alanson R, Ryman was born in Pennsylvania, on the 
present 'site of the city of Dallas, on January 28, 1829, 
and was about eight years of age when he came with his 
parents to Brookville, Indiana, where he grew up to man- 
hood, and was educated in the district schools, instructed 
by his father, Joseph S. Ryman, who was a successful 
teacher, making it his life work. He read carefully all the 
books of history and biography that were accessible to him, 
and in this manner acquired the foundation of an education 
which he has since increased by study and observation. 
His forefathers emigrated to America long before the war 
for independence and took an active part in the protracted 
struggle ending in the freedom of the Colonists and organ- 
ization of the government of the United States. He early 
learned the details of agriculture and was engaged in farm- 
ing at the outbreak of the Civil war, and in August, 1862, 
he enlisted in Company G, Sixty-eighth Indiana Infantry, 
and was given the position of corporal, and in August, 
1864. was promoted to first sergeant, and was appointed a 
second lieutenant, but owing to the decimated ranks 
of his company and regiment was not mustered in that 
grade. He was engaged in the battle of Chicka- 
mauga, and was severely wounded during the battle 
on Saturday, which disabled him for duty until 




ALANSON R. RYMAN, Company G. 



BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 307 



February, 1864, when he rejoined his command at 
Maryville, east Tennessee, and remained on duty until the 
muster-out of the regiment in June, 1865. He is a repub- 
Hcan in poHtics and ever since the organization of the Re- 
pubHcan party has been an ardent supporter of its princi- 
ples and an active worker in the ranks. He is a member 
of the Methodist Episcopal church, joining at the age of 
nineteen; and is a devoted member of the Grand Army of 
the Repubhc. He has been thrice married. He first 
wedded Caroline Payne, and in December, 1853, married 
Martha A. Johnson, and in March, 1861, married Jane 
Crawford, all of whom have preceded him to the life 
beyond. His last union was blessed by six children, all of 
whom survive, one of his sons, Wilber, serving in Company 
H, One Hundred and Fifty-ninth Indiana Infantry, in the 
Spanish-American war. Mr. Ryman in all the relations of 
life has discharged every duty with promptness and fidelity. 

F_RANCIS M. WILKINSON. 

Francis M. Wilkinson was born in Brookville, Frank- 
Im county, Indiana. On the breaking out of the Civil 
war in 1861 he was a student at Asbury, now DePauw 
University, Greencastle, Indiana. A company of stu- 
dents, of which he was one, was enlisted and mustered into 
the United States service as Company K, Captain Alfred 
J. Hahn, in the Sixteenth Regiment of Indiana Infantry, 
on the 23d day of April, 1861. Was made one of the 
sergeants of the company. Was mustered out on the 14th 
day of May, 1862, at Washington City. He was in all the 
engagements in which his regiment took part, among the 
most notable of which was the Edwards Ferry or Balls 
Bluff affair. On being mustered out he was commissioned 
by Governor Morton as second lieutenant and recruiting 
officer of the Sixty-eighth Regiment Indiana Volunteers in 
the fourth congressional district of Indiana. In con- 



308 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



nection with Edmund Finn he recruited a company and 
was mustered into the United States service on 
Aup^ust 19, 1862, at Indianapolis, for three years, 
as first Heutenant Company H, and was promoted to 
be captain of the same company on the 30th day of 
November, 1863. On August 13, 1863, he was appointed 
Aid-de-camp on the staff of the colonel commanding the 
Second brigade, Fourth division, Fourteenth Army Corps, 
in which position he served until the death of his brigade 
commander, which occurred at the battle of Chickamauga. 
When our army fell back from Chickamauga to Chatta- 
nooga, the regiment was placed in First brigade. Third 
division, Fourth Army Corps, General Willich command- 
ing brigade. On January 26, 1864, he was detailed as acting 
assistant quartermaster of the brigade, and on January 
31st, the regular quartermaster having returned to duty, was 
relieved and appointed as ordnance officer of the brigade. 
On arrival of the brigade at Strawberry Plains, east Ten- 
nessee, March 28th, he was appointed provost marshal 
of the post. On April 20, 1864, by special order No. 20, 
issued by Colonel W. H. Gibson, who was then com- 
manding the brigade, he was relieved from duty on the 
brigade staff and returned to his regiment, which was 
ordered back to Chattanooga. Major-General Steedman, 
who was in command of the District of the Etowah, by 
special order No. 20, issued in June, 1864, appointed him 
as a member of general court martial, and again, by spe- 
cial order No. 91, appointed on same service. OnJuly9thby 
special order No. 3, issued by Major-General Steedman, 
he was appointed a member of a military commission. 
He had the recommendations of his colonel, brigade com- 
mander, and General George H. Thomas for transfer 
to the regular army with the rank of captain. 

At Portland, Kentucky, on January 8, 1863, while 
waiting for the boats to take the regiment south, he took 
a violent cold which settled in his left eye, partially destroy- 



BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 309 



ing the sight of the same. At the battle of Chickamauga, 
while acting as aide to the brigade commander, his horse 
was wounded a number of times andiifinally killed, and 
in falling the captain's right foot was injured. At the bat- 
tle of Missionary Ridge he was struck with a piece of 
shell and on account of the hurt was sent home for a short 
time on a leave of absence. From these injuries he has 
suffered a great deal of late years. He was mustered out 
with his regiment June 20, 1865. He is a member of the 
Ohio Commandery of the military order of the Loyal Legion 
of the United States. 

For the past thirty years he has been in the employ 
of the Pennsylvania Railroad and is now general passen- 
ger and freight agent of one of their lines, address, 
Zanesville, Ohio. 

f* 1* 'n 

GEORGE CARSON. 

George Carson was born on February 5. 1841, near 
Scipio, Indiana^ Attended district and ^academic schools. 
Enlisted in Company K, Twelfth Indiana Infantry, October 
7. 1861; discharged as corporal. May 19, 1862, at Wash- 
ington, D. C. Re-enlisted in Company I, Sixty-eighth In- 
diana, August 10, 1862, and served as first sergeant, second 
and first lieutenant, and acting j^assistant quartermaster. 
Was in battles of Hoover's Gap, Tennessee, Chickamauga 
and Missionary Ridge; severely wounded in latter engage- 
ment, in the assault on afternoon of November 25, 1863. 
Commanded Company G in engagement with Wheeler's 
cavalry at Dalton, Georgia, August 15, 1864, and lost one 
man wounded. Discharged with regiment. -In 1866 read 
law with Colonel Scobey. Entered law department. Uni- 
versity of Michigan, and graduated inJMarch, 1868. Ad- 
mitted .to bar at Columbus, Indiana, in spring of 1868. 
Candidate for house of representatives on Republican ticket 
of Bartholomew county, Indiana, in 1868, and defeated. 



3IO SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 

Removed to Council Bluffs, Iowa, February 9, 1869. and 

engaged in practice of law. Elected to Iowa house of 

representatives in 1877 and 1880; Iowa senate in 1883. 

Elected judge of district court, fifteenth judicial district of 

Iowa, in 1886; served four years, and retired on account of 

failing health. Elected mayor of Council Bluffs, Iowa, in 

April, 1896, served two years, and resumed the practice 

of law. 

'n m 'jv 

JOHN C. HUMES. 

John C. Humes was born in the city of Cincinnati, 
Ohio, October 6, 1839, ^^nd is the third in a family of nine 
children born to Thomas and Eliza Brown Humes, and of 
Scotch-Irish lineage. In 1844 he came to Rush county, 
Indiana, and with his parents settled where he now resides. 
The subject of this sketch began life for himself at the age 
of eighteen years. In August, 1862, he enlisted as a pri- 
vate in Company I, Sixty-eighth Regiment Indiana Volun- 
teer Infantry. In May, 1863, was placed in charge of regi- 
mental mail, in which capacity he served until close of the 
war, and was discharged as sergeant. Returning home, he 
resumed farming. Was elected and served as township 
assessor for twelve years ; township trustee, four years, 
and county treasurer, four years. Mr. Humes is a Mason, 
a Knight of Pythias, a member of the Grand Army of the 
Republic, and of the Methodist Episcopal church. 

f* m m 

IRA McILWAIN. 

Ira Mcllwain was born on a farm in Clinton county, 
Indiana, July 22, 1840. Removed to Rush county, where 
he grew to manhood. In August, 1862, he enlisted in 
Company I, Sixty-eighth Indiana, and served with the regi- 
ment to the close of the war, when he was discharged as a 
sergeant, June 20, 1865. He was united in marriage to 




JOHN C. HUMES, Company I. 



BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 3 II 



Miss Amanda E. Hood, May lo, 1866, and removed to 

Moultrie county, Illinois, in October, 1867, from whence 

he removed to Sullivan, Illinois, in November, 1890, where 

he now resides. 

ff\ n\ /»< 

HANSON D. MOORE. 

Hanson D. Moore was born at Moore's Hill, Indiana, 
February 2, 1838. He attended the public school of the 
village until the opening of Moore's Hill College in Sep- 
tember, 1856, which he entered at that time, intending to 
complete the course of study in that institution; but at the 
end of the first year he found it necessary to leave the col- 
lege on account of the failing health of his father, who at 
that time was extensively engaged in mercantile and manu- 
facturing business. Prior to his enlistment he became a 
partner in the business with his father. 

Mr. Moore was commissioned second lieutenant, and 
authorized to enlist and muster men into the United States 
service for the "Sixty-eighth Regiment Indiana Volunteers, 
on July 21, 1862. At the organization of the regiment he 
was commissioned captain of Company K, August 16, 1862. 
He was with the regiment in all the battles and skirmishes 
in which it was engaged, except at Charleston Church, 
Tennessee, December 28, 1863, and Dandridge, Tennessee, 
both occurring before his recovery from a wound received 
at Missionary Ridge, November 25, 1863. He was mus- 
tered out at the close of the war, and returned to Moore's 
Hill and at once took his place in the business, which had 
been continued by his father during his absence. 

Captain Moore has filled the offices of trustee and 
treasurer of his town several terms each, and is at the pres- 
ent time treasurer of the school board, treasurer of a build- 
ing and loan association, trustee and treasurer of Moore's 
Hill College, and trustee and treasurer of the Methodist 
church. When asked by visitors how long he has lived at 



312 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 

Moore's Hill his usual reply is, "I have never lived any- 
where else, and I never expect to change my residence." 

Near the close of Captain Moore's ternn of service in 
the army he was heartil}^ recommended by his brigade and 
regimental commanders for promotion to a position as field 
of^cer in the regiment then being raised in the fourth con- 
gressional district, but he preferred to remain with his com- 
rades of the Sixty-eighth Regiment. 

As an officer Captain Moore had not only the confi- 
dence and esteem of the officers of the regiment, but he was 
deservedly popular with the men of his own company, who 
ever found in him a true and faithful friend. He has been 
a leading spirit in the annual reunions of the Sixty-eighth, 
where he is always heartily greeted by his old comrades. 

/»\ ^\ ii\ 
THOMAS J. TRUITT. 

Thomas J. Truitt was born February 5, 1845, near 
Milan, Ripley county, Indiana. Enlisted as a private of 
Company K, Sixty-eighth Regiment Indiana Infantry, August 
10, 1862. Was mustered out with the regiment at Nash- 
ville, Tennessee, June 20, 1865. Engaged in battles of 
Hoover's Gap, Tennessee, June 24-25, 1863, and Chicka- 
mauga, September 19, 1863. Was taken prisoner at the 
battle of Chickamauga, remaining in prison until February 
27, 1865, making 526 days of imprisonment. Durmg this 
time was kept at Richmohd and Danville, Virginia; Ander- 
sonville, Georgia; and Florence, South Carolina. When 
taken prisoner was a member of Second brigade. Fourth 
division, Fourteenth Army Corps, Army of the Cumberland. 

Served as commander of Charles S. Hayes Post No. 
224, G. A. R., Ohio, during the years of 1886, 1887 and 
1893, and Aid-de-camp on the staff of Department Com- 
mander, G. A. R. , Ohio, during the year 1898. Was cap- 
tain of Wm. L. Guard Camp, No. 294, Ohio Sons of Vet- 
erans, during the year 1890. (He is a son of William R. 





Ce/^tccc^ 



BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 313 

Truitt, deceased, late private of Company K, Twenty- 
second Indiana Infantry Volunteers ) 

Is a past master of North Bend (Ohio) Lodge No. 
346, F. & A. M. A past grand of Milan (Indiana) Lodge 
No. 270, I. O. O. F., and a member of Moore's Hill 
(Indiana) Encampment No. 51, I. O. O. F. Was a teacher 
in the public schools of Ripley county, Indiana, during the 
years of 1867, 1868 and 1869. Was employed on the Ohio 
and Mississippi Railroad at Moore's Hill, Indiana, as tele- 
graph operator and station agent from September, 1870, to 
1874. Was employed on the Big Four railroad as station 
agent, and chief stock clerk in the general ticket ofiice from 
April 5, 1875, to October i, 1892. During the latter part 
of the Benjamin Harrison administration was employed as 
a stamp clerk in the Internal Revenue office, at Cincinnati. 
Has always been a republican in politics, but of an inde- 
pendent character. Was elected a trustee of the hamlet of 
North Bend, Ohio, in 1881, on an independent ticket, and 
served as trustee and mayor of the hamlet for eight years. 
Was a director--and treasurer of the Miami Township Build- 
ing and Loan Association of North Bend, from June, 1881, 
to 1899. 

For the last few years he has been engaged in insur- 
ance and real estate. He is also a notary public and is 
always at home to his friends. Postoffice address, North 
Bend, Hamilton county, Ohio. 

ENOCH H. WOOD. 

Dr. E. H. Wood is a native Hoosier and was born in 
New Albany fifty-seven years ago (1900). He inherits much 
of his administrative ability and pulpit power from his illus- 
trious father, the late Dr. Enoch George Wood, known 
throughout Indiana as one of the strong men in his day. 
Being the son of an itinerant preacher, his early life was 
spent in many Indiana towns and he received instruction 



314 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. 1. 



in various schools. At seventeen he joined the army and 
for three years saw service at the front in the Army 
of the Cumberland. He was known as Corporal Wood in 
Captain Moore's company, Sixty-eighth Regiment Indiana 
Volunteers. Upon his discharge he returned home and 
soon entered as a classical student m Moore's Hill College. 
He was graduated from the institution in the class of '68 
and had thought to enter the profession of dentistry; but 
he was called to preach. Having been admitted to the 
Southeast Indiana (now the Indiana) conference in the 
autumn after graduation he immediately entered upon the 
duties of itinerant minister. His first appearance was at 
Fort Fulton near Jeffersonville. He has subsequently been 
pastor of churches in Indianapolis, Vernon, Charlestown, 
North Vernon, Seymour, Edinburg, Columbus, Aurora, 
Brookville, Salem and Rockport. He has been presiding 
elder of Moore's Hill district, and through the sunshine 
and shadows of six long years he traveled his district with- 
out missing an appointment on his calendar. 

Dr. Wood performs all his duties as a Methodist min- 
ister with painstaking care. He has no hobbies and hence 
meets eagerly and cheerfully every claim that is upon him. 
He makes no canvasses for personal advancement, but is 
content to do duty like a good soldier wherever he is sent. 
He represented his brethren in the Omaha general confer- 
ence in 1892. He still reports for daily duty, and is in the 
forefront of the battle, and says that when the roll is called 
up yonder, " I'll be there." 

'•> '•» f » 
MAYMIE LEESON HUBBARD. 

Maymie Leeson Hubbard was born in Metamora, In- 
diana, the only daughter of Colonel Richard L. Leeson. 
At a banquet in the city of Elwood, Indiana, in 1894, on 
the occasion of the eighth annual meeting of the Veteran 
Association of the Sixty-eighth Regiment Indiana Infantry, 



BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES, 315 



she was adopted as the " Daughter of the Regiment " by a 
unanimous vote, and has since felt a deep interest in the 
meetings of the association and the welfare of its members. 
On December 22, 1898, she was united in marriage to 
Milford P. Hubbard, who was a member of Curtis' Light 
Battery, Twenty-seventh Indiana, in the Spanish-American 
war, and accompanied it to Porto Rico, and is now a rising 
young lawyer at Brookville, Indiana. Maymie, the subject 
of this sketch, is a leading member of society, taking a deep 
interest in all matters that pertain to the betterment of the 
people. She and her husband are members of Adah Chap- 
ter No. 35, O. E. S., at Metamora, Indiana. 



f»\ »»\ tf\ 



EDWIN W. HIGH. 

Was born in Bucks county, Pennsylvania, in 1841. In 
1852 he removed to Metamora, Indiana. On August 6, 
1862, enlisted as a private in Company C, Sixty-eighth In- 
diana. Was appointed first sergeant (orderly) on January 3, 
1864, and on March 18, 1864, was appointed commissary 
sergeant of the regiment. On May 20, 1864, was promoted 
to be first lieutenant and adjutant of the regiment to date 
from January i, 1864, vice Cyrus B. Goodwin promoted 
to be major, but the regiment being reduced below the 
number required for the muster of a colonel, and the mus- 
ter of both Goodwin and High depending upon that fact 
neither of them were mustered into the grade to which 
appointed. 

In June, 1864, he was placed on detached duty as a 
clerk at headquarters post of Chattanooga, and soon became 
chief clerk, serving as such to March 4, 1865, when by 
special orders of General Thomas he was directed to 
report for duty to Major-General Steedman, and later was 
by order of the Adjutant General of the Armies of the 
United States detailed for duty as clerk in the War Depart- 



3*1 6 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 

ment. Washington, D. C, and ordered to report to Major- 
General Steedman in the field, who assigned him to duty 
as clerk in charge of the court-martial records of the District 
of the Etowah, in which capacity he served until June ii, 
1865, when he was relieved from duty by order of War 
Department to be discharged with his regiment. By Spe- 
cial Orders No. loi. Headquarters Post Chattanooga, June 
14, 1865, he was temporarily detailed for special service, 
from which he was relieved by Special Orders No. 104, 
June 17, to enable him to proceed with his regiment to 
Nashville, for muster out. 

In 1866 he accepted a position as Inspector and gan- 
ger U. S. Internal Revenue Department, and in 1867 
removed to Louisville, Kentuck}-, to accept a position in 
the U. S. service, and was soon given the position of chief 
of the registered letter division, Louisville postoffice. In 
1868 he began the study of law in office of Hon. James 
Speed, Attorney General of the U. S. under President 
Lincoln, which he continued for over three years. In 
1 87 1 he was married to Miss Mary D. Banes, of Meta- 
mora, Indiana, who, in September, 1890, was called to 
the life beyond the grave. He has been engaged in con- 
stant practice as a lawyer for 25 years. Is a member of 
the Masonic Order since 1871; has been exalted to the most 
sublime degree of Royal Arch Mason, and invested with 
the order of the Red Cross, and orders of the Temple and 
Malta in Connersville Commandery No. 6, Knights Templar. 

He has never sought public office or station, regarding 
the daily duties of a citizen well discharged the post of 
honor, and the bauble of public station fleeting and eva- 
nescent, and not to be sought or declined. 



CHAPTER XIX. 



END OF ARMED REBELLION — CITIZENS AGAIN. 

On June 30, 1865, at the Soldiers' Home in Indian- 
apolis, the regiment — three hundred and twenty-one only, 
of the nine hundred and two who took the oath of service 
on August 19, 1862 (recruits were transferred to the Forty- 
fourth Indiana) — was assembled for the last time as a mili- 
tary body — after years of battle and of blood — to listen to 
an address by Lieutenant-Governor Conrad Baker, receive 
payment, sa}^ farewell to comrades, disband and go to their 
several homes, doff the garb of a soldier, and take up the 
battle with the cares that wait on life. Service in the field 
had cemented bonds which time even can never break. 
Of the original number, two hundred and sixty-nine were 
killed or wounded in battle. As the farewells were said 
there was a tender memory of those who went out with us 
and did not return. We recalled with sad hearts our com- 
rades who paid the great sacrifice for the cause for which 
they fought. By sudden killing and from ghastly wounds; 
with disease and gross neglect, almost criminal; upon the 
field of greatest honor, in the hospital, in the pest-house, in 
the prison-pen — they died. We could feel the touch of van- 
ished hands, and hear the sound of voices that were stilled. 

The silk f^ag^ presented to the regiment by the ladies 
of Greensburg — the gift of loyal women — was brought 

1 — There are two national flags, three blue banners and one {luidon of the Si.xty-eighth 
Regiment in care of the custodian of flags of Indiana organizations in the state capitol. 
These flags and banners, shot and torn to shreds, were returned to the state by the regi- 
ment. They are now all going to jijeces by reason of damages in battle and on march, 
and the ravages of time, and can not be uurolled. 



3l8 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I V. I. 

back to our state by the men who received it and followed 
its stars across the mountains of Tennessee, through the 
fire of hell at Chickamanga, up the frowning face of Mis- 
sionary Ridge in a storm of shot and shell, and through 
the battle of Nashville, commanded by the great soldier, 
George H. Thomas, unstained by defeat, blazoned with a 
glorious history written on its every fold in the blood of our 
gallant soldiers. It is kept at Rushville in a fire-proof safe, 
whence it is only taken to the annual meetings of the vet- 
eran association of the regiment, where it is cherished as a 
memorial of heroic valor. Thirty-six yeafs have drifted by 
since that parting at Indianapolis, and as we gather around 
that old flag in annual reunion, the thinned ranks, the 
wrinkled brows, the heads white with the snows of years, 
speak eloquently of valoroiis deeds and sacrifices in defense 
of the Stars and Stripes on gory fields where Americans 
were fighting Americans. Our thoughts revert to the 
mighty struggle of 1861-5, and its enormous cost in life 
and treasure. Over three hundred thousand loyal men 
went down to death that our nation might live. If they 
were laid side by side, elbows touching, the line would 
reach one hundred and fifteen miles, requiring two hours' 
time for a fast train on a railroad to pass the line. There 
were issued bonds, payable in gold, to the amount of two 
billion, three hundred and eighty-one million, five hundred 
and thirty thousand, and two hundred and ninety-four dol- 
lars ($2,381,530,294.00). Upon this vast sum there has 
been paid as interest, two billion, seven hundred and sixty 
million, four hundred and forty-six thousand, and four 
hundred and fourteen dollars ($2,760,446,414.00), and as 
premiums, the additional sum of one hundred and nineteen 
million, eight hundred and sixty-three thousand, and four 
hundred and eight dollars ($119,863,408.00) — an average 
annual payment since 1864 of interest and preniinvis on 
bonds, of seventy-seven million, eight hundred and forty-six 
thousand, two hundred and eleven dollars {%77, 846, 211. 00), 



END OF ARMED REBELLION. 319 



and there remains unpaid on the bonds the sum of five 
hundred and eighty-five million, thirty-four thousand, two 
hundred and sixty dollars ($585,034,260.00). There has 
been paid since July 14, 1862, two billion, six hundred and 
sixty-six million, nine hundred and four thousand, five 
hundred and eighty-nine dollars ($2,666,904,589.00), as 
pensions for injuries and diseases of soldiers of the Civil 
war, an average annual payment of sixty-eight million, 
three hundred and eighty-two thousand, one hundred and 
seventy-one dollars ($68,382, 171. 00). ^ These stupend- 
ous sums show the partial cost in money of the colossal war 
for the union in which more than two and one-quarter mil- 
lions of loyal men were enlisted as soldiers for a period of 
three years; over three hundred thousand dead soldiers show 
in part its cost in blood. Mention is made only of the 
actual expenditure of money estimated on a gold basis, and 
the loss of life in the field. The incidental losses in money 
were incalculable in amount — the loss of life since the end 
of the war due to the military and naval service is appalling. 
The great rebellion was a "fight to the finish." Henry 
Winter Davis, in the House of Representatives, at one of 
the most exciting periods of the great struggle, said: "The 
American people, rising to the height of the occasion, ded- 
icate this generation to the sword, and pouring out the 
blood of their children, demand that there be no compro- 
mise; that ruin to the Republic or ruin to the rebel Con- 
federacy are the only alternatives; that no peace shall be 
made except under the banner of victory. Standing on 
this great resolve to accept nothing but victory or ruin. 
Victory is ours." The soldiers of the republic were vic- 
torious. Their blood bought the blessings of liberty, a 
land redeemed, a nation saved — a new land, a new nation — 
an indestructible union of indestructible states. 

The permanent chairman of the National Convention 
that assembled in May, 1868, and nominated General 

1— Monetary stcatements on tliis and p;iKe 318 compiled from V. S. Treasury reports 
tor liscal year ending June HO, I'JOl. 



320 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



Grant to be President, in his address to the convention 
truly said, " For every dollar of the national debt, the 
blood of a soldier is pled^^ed. Every bond in letter and 
spirit must be sacred as a soldier's grave." General Grant 
as President fully sustained the honor of the republic in 
maintaining its financial obligations, and its duty to the 
soldiers, maimed, crippled and diseased, in its defense. 

The active participants in the greatest civil war 
known in the history of the human race are fast passing 
from the stage — 

" Our roster thins, as years pass on we drop off one by one; 
Ere long, too soon, to yearly call, there will be answer — none; 
Then, as along the record page those mourning columns creep, 
The whisper comes — to closer still our living friendships keep." 

As the years roll swiftly by, and our number grows less at 
each reunion, the survivors have the consolation of know- 
ing that in the greatest crisis of our history they acted well 
their part, and discharged every duty assigned to them with 
heroic firmness, faithfully, to the best of their ability, even 
unto death; that charity and mutual good will have spread 
over the land like the fragrance of the flowers that blos- 
som on the late fields of carnage; that the Civil war, with 
its hardships and bitterness, is ended, and each side stands 
ready to support each other against any foe, domestic or 
foreign. In our recent war with Spain, ^ an insignificant 
affair, the blue and the gray touched elbows in support of 
Old Glory, on land and sea, and in the future wars of the 
Great Republic, when her sons, inspired by the fadeless 
memories of the Civil war, shall be called upon to defend 
the Monroe doctrine against continental Europe, the chil- 
dren of those who rallied under Grant, Sherman and 
Thomas to defend the Union, will not respond more 
quickly to the call, than the descendants of the men who 

1— Total enlistments — Officers, 10,017; enlisted men, 213,218. Killed in action- 
Officers, 18; wounded, 90. Enlisted men killed, 190; wounded. 1,189. Died of wounds — 
Officers, 3; enlisted men, 78. The State of Indiana furnished 281 officers and 7,142 en- 
listed men, and did not lose a man, killed or wounded, in battle. 



END OF ARMED REBELLION. 32 1 

followed Lee, Bragg and Hood to destroy it. It will be a 
great war, but, united, we will win against the coalition. 

The Union and Confederate soldiers now clasp hands 
as brethren grown to man's estate, dwelling in unity, join- 
ing in the sentiment dear to every American heart, " Lib- 
erty and union, now and forever, one and inseparable." 

" Americans all, to the end of time, 
And the old flag waves on high 
'Till the world stands back with bated breath 
While the stars and stripes go by." 



It,' "•*> 10' "** I/,' '^ 

%s<^^ %^^ %^^ 



21 



APPENDIX. 



ROSTER SIXTY-EIGHTH INDIANA INFANTRY. 



FIELD AND STAFF. 

NAME RANK ENTERED SERVICE 

Edward A. King (a) Colonel August 18, 1862 

Benjamin C. Shaw (b) Lieutenant-Colonel August 17, 1862 

John L. Wooden Surgeon August 19, 1862 

Lewis W. Hodgkins. . . .Assistant Surgeon August 19, 1862 

Cyrus B. Goodwin) Adjutant July 21, 1862 

Elias W. Millis (e) Regt. Quartermaster August 19, 1862 

SUBSEQUENT STAFF OFFICERS. 

John S. Scobey ((i) Lieutenant-Colonel August 2, 1862 

Harvey J. Espy {e) Lieutenant-Colonel August 12, 1862 

Edmund Finn (/) Lieutenant-Colonel August 13, 1862 

James W. Innis {g) Major August 12, 1862 

Cyrus B. Goodwin (h) Major July 21, 1862 

Marion Meredith (») Assistant Surgeon December 6, 1862 

David Monfort (j) Chaplain December 1, 1862 

Reuben F. Patterson (k) Chaplain August 12, 1862 

Edwin W. High (I) Adjutant August 6, 1862 

William H. Remy (m) Regt. Quartermaster August — , 1862 



a Killed at Chickamauga, September 20, 1(63. 

b Resigned June 1, 1863. 

c Resigned March 14, 1864. 

d Promoted to Major October 21, 1862; to Lieutenant-Colonel June 2, 1863; to Colo- 
nel September 21, 1863, but not mustered; resigned November 13, 1863. 

e Promoted to Major August 19, 1868; to Lieutenant-Colonel September 21, 1863; 
to Colonel November 14, 1863, but not mustered. 

/ Promoted to Major November 6, 1863; to Lieutenant-Colonel November 15, 186), 
but not mustered. 

g Promoted to Major June 2, 1863; resigned August 13, 1863. 

h Promoted to Major November 15, 1863, but not mustered. 

i Appointed December 6, 1862. 

j Resigned September 2, 1863. 

jk Resigned as Captain Company I April 20, 1864; appointed Chaplain Maj 2, 1864. 
but not mustered. 

{ Promoted from First Sergeant Company C, to date January 1, 1864, but not 
mustered. 

m Promoted from Commissary Sergeant, to date March 17, 1864. 



APPENDIX. 



323 



ORIGINAL, NON-COMMISSIONED STAFF. 

NAME RANK ENTERED SERVICE 

Robert J. Price (n) Sergeant Major August 19, 1862 

Thomas C. Shepperd (0) Quartermaster Sgt... .August 13, 1862 

William H. Remy Commissary Sergeant August 13, 1862 

William Vance Principal Musician August 12, 1862 

SUBSEQUENT NON-COMMISSIONED STAFF. 

Robert W. Wood Sergeant Major August 16, 1862 

William F. Gordon. . .Quartermaster Sergeant August 6, 1862 

Edwin W. High Commissary Sergeant August 6, 1862 

Peter Stolz Commissary Sergeant August 5, 1862 



COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. 

From Original Muster-in Rolls. 



COMPANY A. 

Name Rank Date of Commis'n Date of Muster 

John S. Scobey* Captain Aug. 2, 1862.... Aug. 19, 1862 

Giles E. White* 1st Lieutenant.. Aug. 2, 1862.. . .Aug. 19, 1862 

Reuben W. Jones* 2d Lieutenant.. Aug. 2, 1862.. . .Aug. 19, 1862 

COMPANY B. 

Daniel Boswell1[._ Captain Aug. 12, 1862.. .Aug. 19, 1862 

Hiram O'Conner* 1st Lieutenant. Aug. 12, 1862... Aug. 19,1862 

Charles W. Wheeler* 2d Lieutenant.. Aug. 12, 1862.. .Aug. 19, 1862 

COMPANY C. 

William H. Smith^f Captain Aug. 12, 1862.. .Aug. 19, 1862 

Richard L. Leeson* 1st Lieutenant. Aug. 12, 1862.. .Aug. 19,1862 

John Reese* t 2d Lieutenant.. Aug. 12, 1862. ..Aug. 19, 1862 

COMPANY D. 

James W. Innis* Captain Aug. 12, 1862.. .Aug. 19, 1862 

James H. Mauzy* 1st Lieutenant. Aug. 12, 1862. ..Aug. 19, 1862 

William Beale* 1[ 2d Lieutenant.. Aug. 12, 1862.. .Aug. 19. 1862 

COMPANY E. 

Alexander BeckmanT[ Captain Aug. 12, 1862.. .Aug. 19, 1862 

Charles H.Bryant* 1st Lieutenant. Aug. 12, 1862. ..Aug. 19, 1862 

George W. Sheldon* 2d Lieutenant.. Aug. 12, 1862. ..Aug. 19, 1862 



n Promoted to First Lieutenant Company E February 1, 1863; killed at Chicka- 
mauga September 19, 1863. 

o Transferred to One Hundred and Forty-Sixth Indiana Volunteers as Regimental 
Quartermaster. 
• Promoted. 

t Killed in battle of Missionary Ridge, November 25, 1863. 
i Resigned. 



324 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



COMPANY F. 

Name Rank Date of Commis'n Date of Muster 

Harvey J. Espy* Captain Aug. 12, 1862.. .Aug. 19, 1862 

John Hicks* 1st Lieutenant. Aug. 12, 1862.. .Aug. 19,1862 

Jemison VankirkT[ 2d Lieutenant.. Aug. 12, 1862.. .Aug. 19, 1862 

COMPANY G. 

Lawrence V. C. Lynn^j Captain Aug. 12, 1862. . . Aug. 19, 1862 

George VV. Claypool* 1st Lieutenant. Aug. 12, 1862. ..Aug. 19, 1862 

Austin VVebblj 2d Lieutenant.. Aug. 12. 1862. ..Aug. 19, 1862 

COMPANY H. 

Edmund Finn* Captain Aug. 18, 1862. . . Aug. 19, 1862 

Francis M. Wilkinson* 1st Lieutenant. Aug. 13, 1862.. .Aug. 19, 1862 

Levi W. Buckingham^ 2d Lieutenant. Aug. 13, 1862. ..Aug. 19, 1862 

COMPANY I. 

Reuben F. Patterson* Captain Aug. 12, 1862... Aug. 19, 1862 

Nathaniel S. Patton* 1st Lieutenant. Aug. 12, 1862.. .Aug. 19, 1862 

William BrehennyTJ 2d Lieutenant.. Aug. 12, 1862. ..Aug. 19, 1862 

COMPANY K. 

Hanson D. Moore Captain Aug. 16, 1862. ..Aug. 19, 1862 

Robert F. Brewington^f 1st Lieutenant. Aug. 16, 1862.. .Aug. 19, 1862 

George H. Gouldt 2d Lieutenant.. Aug. 12, 1862.. .Aug. 19, 1862 



SUBSEQUENT COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. 



COMPANY A. 

Name Rank Date of Commis'n Date of Muster 

Giles E. White. Captain Oct. 22, 1862... Oct. 22, 1862 

Reuben W. Jones. 1st Lieutenant. Oct. 22, 1862. . .Oct. 22, 1862 

Moses Baileyt 2d Lieutenant.. Oct. 22, 1862. . .Oct. 22, 1862 

COMPANY B. 

Hiram O'Conner Captain Mar. 25, 1863... May 1, 1863 

Charles C. Wheeler Captain Oct. 31, 1863.. .Jan. 1, 1864 

George W. Foreman! Captain Oct. 1, 1864. . .Nov. 27, 1864 

Charles C. Wheeler 1st Lieutenant. Mar. 25, 1863... May 1, 1863 

George W. Foreman! 1st Lieutenant. Oct. 31, 1863... Jan. 1, 1864 

John W. Huffman! 1st Lieutenant. Oct. 1, 1864. ..Nov. 27, 1864 

George W. Foremanj 2d Lieutenant.. Mar. 25, 1863.. .May 1, 1863 

Milton Pendergastf 2d Lieutenant.. June 1,1865... 

COMPANY C. 

Richard L. Leeson Captain Nov. 18, 1862... Dec. 27,1862 

John ReeseJ 1st Lieutenant . Nov. 18, 1862. . . Dec. 27, 1862 



* Promoted. 

t Promoted from the ranks. 

t Killed in battle of Missionary Ridge, November 25, 1863. 

i Resigned . 



APPENDIX. 325 



Name Rank Date of Commis'n Date of Muster 

John R. Kennedyt 1st Lieutenant. Nov. 26, 1863... Jan. 3, 1864 

Moses H. Kibbef 2d Lieutenant.. Nov. 18, 1862.. .Dec. 27, 1862 

John Burkhartt 2d Lieutenant.. Feb. 19, 1863.. .May 1, 1863 

Isaac C. Wordent 2d Lieutenant. .June 1, 1865.. . 

COMPANY D. 

James H. Mauzy Captain June 2, 1S63. ..Aug. 2, 1863 

William BealeT 1st Lieutenant. June 2, 1863. ..Aug. 2, 1863 

Deliscus Lingenfelterf 1st Lieutenant. June 2, 18(;3. ..Aug. 28, 1863 

Deliscus Lingenfelter 2nd Lieutenant. June 2, 1863. .. 

Daniel L. Thomasf 2nd Lieutenant. June 1, 1865. .. 

COMPANY E. 

Charles H. Brvant Captain Nov. 24, 1862. . . Nov. 24, 1862 

George W. Sh'eldonTf 1st Lieutenant. Nov. 24, 1862.. .Nov. 24, 1862 

Robert J. Pricet § 1st Lieutenant. Feb. 1, 1863.. .Apr. 1,1863 

Oliver B. Liddell. 1st Lieutenant. Sept. 10, 1863.. .Nov. 11, 1863 

Peter F. Glardont 2nd Lieutenant. Nov. 24, 1862.. .Nov. 24, 1862 

Oliver B. Liddellf 2nd Lieutenant. June 10, 1863.. . 

Thomas E. Hallf 2nd Lieutenant. June 1, 1865.. . 

COMPANY F. 

John Hicks Captain Aug. 20, 1863.. .Jan. 1, 1864 

Joseph W.Arnold 1st Lieutenant. Aug. 20, 1863.. . 

Moses A. Culvert 1st Lieutenant. Oct. 10, 1863.. .Jan. 1,1864 

Joseph W. Arnoldiy 2nd Lieutenant. Feb. 19, 1863.. .May 1, 1864 

Joseph Shillt 2nd Lieutenant. June 1, 1865.. . 

COMPANY G. 

George W. Claypool Captain.. ..... .Mch. 25, 1863... May 1, 1863 

Joseph R. Clarke 1st Lieutenant. Mch. 25, 1863.. . May 1,1863 

Oliver B. Halstedt 1st Lieutenant. July 1, 1864 . .Aug.29. 1864 

Joseph R. Clarkt 2nd Lieutenant. Nov. 30. 1862.. .Nov. 30 1862 

Climpson B. Moorett 2nd Lieutenant. Mch. 25. 1863.. .May 1,1863 

Alanson R. Rymanf 2nd Lieutenant. June 1, 1865.. . 

COMPANY H. 

Francis AL Wilkinsoi Captain Nov. 30, 1863... Jan. 1, 1864 

Elijah H. Case 1st Lieutenant. Nov. 30, 1863... 

John M. Davis l.-t Lieutenant. Mch. 17, 1864.. .May 28, 1864 

Elijah H. Case* t If 2nd Lieutenant. Feb. 19, 1863.. .May 1, 1863 

Shadrach Stringerf 2nd Lieutenant. June 1, 1865.. . 

COMPANY I. 

Nathaniel S. Patton Captain July 1, 1864.. .Aug. 28, 1864 

George Carson 1st Lieutenant. July 1, 1864.. .Aug. 28, 1864 

George Carson*t 2nd Lieutenant. April 3, 1863.. . April30, 1863 

John W. Woodt 2nd Lieutenant. June 1, 1865.. . 

COMPANY K. 

Edward W. Woodt 1st Lieutenant. June 10, 1863.. .Aug. 1. 1863 

Edward P. Johnsont 2ndLieutenant.June 10, 1863.. . 



* Promoted. 

+ Promoted from the ranks. 

§ Killed in battle of Chickamauga, September 19, 1863. 

1 Resigned. 



326 



SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V, I. 



ROSTER OF ENLISTED MEN 



Mustered into Service August 19, 1862, together with List 
AND Date of Muster of Recruits. 



Compiled from report of Adjutant-General W. H. H. Terrell. 



Bailey, Moses 



Alley, Henry W. 
Vance, Edward A. 



Sutfin, William P. 
Stagner, John W. 
Alley, John S. 
McKinney, William 



Vance, William F. 



Lemaster, Reuben 



AlU y, James 
Armstrong, James W. 
Archcraft, Ivin 
Barker, John 
Belville, William 
Brooks, Nehemiah 
Bruner, Wrlliam 
Burns, John H. 
Corl, Henry 
Chambers, George P. 
Champ, Thomas 
Cheney, Frank 
Clark, Albert 
Clever, Frederick 
Cones, William H. 
Dement, George G. 
Dilks, Henry H. 
Dilks, Leonard 
Dougherty, Benjamin 
Davis, Isaac 
Druce, Levi 



COMPANY A. 

First Sergeant. 

Sergeants. 

Paul, Francis M. 
Bird, William F. 

Corporals. 

Drake, Gideon 
Jones, John W. 
Cook, Ezekiel R. 

Musicians, 

Swan, James C. 

Wagoner. 



Privates. 



Eggleston, John N. 
Flowers, Thomas 
Flowers, Alfred 
Fortune, James 
Gerron, Dudley 
Hannafey, James 
Hesler, Frank 
Hervey, Jamt s H. 
Hunt, Omer 
Hurt, William 
Jenkins, William 
Jones, David S. 
Jones, Thomas W. 
Kappas, John 
Kitcher, William 
Lane, Francis M. 
Lawson, Nathan 
Lt masters. Fielding 
Lewis, James 
Lewis, John 
Lowe, John 



APPENDIX. 



327 



Privates. Gontinued. 



Maple, Jasper 
Maple, Francis M. 
Marlin, William 
Mathews, John 
McCune, George F. 
McCune, Robert 
McShane, Frank 
Miller, William 
Mitchell, William B. 
Myers, Harmon 
Nisely, James R. 
Nolan, Joseph L. 
Potter, William M 



M. 



Renegan, John H 
Rex, David 
Scott, Joseph M. 
Sloan, James L, 
Spencer, James H. 
Wiley, Andrew J. 
Williams, John W. 
Williamson, Andrew 
Wilson, Aaron 
Woods, Cornelius 
Woodford, Robert 
Wires, John 



Recruits. 



Date 
of Muster. 

Bland, Geo. W Dec. 6, 1863 

Eggleston, Wm. H... . Feb. 4, 1864 

Hooten, Thomas Nov. 1, 1862 

Hime, Samuel Aug. 19, 1862 

Hainey, Thomas D. . . Jan. 7, 1864 



Level, Solorr on. . . . 
McConnell, James.. 
Rex, Emanuel. . . . 

Scott, William 

Townsend, Geo. W. 



Judd, George Thomas, William H 



Date 
of Muster. 
Dec. 15, 1862 
.Dec. 80, 1862 
..Nov. 5, 1862 
..May 6, 1863 
..Dec. 8, 1862 
.Aprils, 1864 



Dickerson, William S. 

Sanders, John M. 
Hyatt, James H. 

Wooley, Alfred M. 
Hancock, Francis M. 
Foreman, George W. 
Albright, John 



Hair, William 



Muir, Joseph H. 

Atkinson, Andrew 
Alcorn, John H. 
Atkinson, John M. 
Boswell, Elijah 
Black, William H. 
Borders, Augustus 
Borders, Jacob 
Boswell, William 
Buckingham, Lewis 
Bear, William 



COMPANY B. 

First Sergeant. 

Sergeants. 

Jones, Joseph 
Mullen, Thompson D. 

Corporals. 

Pendergast, Milton 
Huffman, John W. 
Preble, James M. 
Hyatt, Calvin 

Mtisicians. 

Hair, Francis C. 

Wagoner. 

Privates. 

Black, Benjamin T. 
Brown, Oliver H. 
Brown, William 
Breeden, Joseph A. 
Cassidy, Stephen A. 
Cleaston, Harmon H. 
Colman, Daniel T. 
Carter, David 
Cady, David N. 
Cady, Andrew P. 



328 



SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



Privates. Continued. 

Dermit, Josiah Nicholas, Benjamin S. 

Davis, Joshua Nicholas, Philip P. 

Fiedler, Ludwick E. H. Overturf, Samuel 

Folsom, James M. Pullim, William 

Ferguson, George H. Parsons, Ephraim 

Glaze, John W. Rankin, Albert 

Green, Richard L. . Robertson, Mark 

Gaddis, James G. Robertson, Joesph 

Hyatt, Starling. Rosety, Samuel 

Herndon, Thomas Rozell, Elliott W. 

Hardesty, Francis M. Ratakin, Jonathan 

Henderson, John Shaw, Wilson 

Hontz, Godfried Stark, William G. 

Johnson, Wells Stark, James 

Jackson, Amos Stewart, William 

King, Cephas C. Simpson, Charles 

King, Peter B. Stevens, Jacob 

Laswell, Thomas D. Smith, William F. 

Lipperd, John W. Stricklin, David 

JVIichael, Jacob ' Sutton, Thomas W. 

Moxley, Constant G. Turl, Joshua 

Martin, Patrick Tyer, William 

Martin, Jeremiah Wooley, Daniel 

McCrede, William H. Whitaker, Thomas 

Morris, William Wooley, Cory A. 

Miles, John L. Wooley, William B. 

Monroe, Allen W. Williams, Eli 
McKittrick, Robert 

Recmits. 
Date Date 

of Muster. of Muster. 

Alcorn, William P . . . Nov. 21, 1862 Jennings, Jesse Nov. 30, 1864 

Hyatt, James W Oct. 5, 1864 Latimore, John Feb. 1, 1864 

Hyatt, "Wilson Oct. 5, 1864 Short. Alfred P Nov. 21, 1862 

Hodshier, Victor D. . . . Jan. 1, 1864 



Kibbey, Moses H. 

Burkhart, John 
Kennedy, John 



Burtch, Thompson P. 
McWhorter, Lynn 
Stolz, Peter 
Conner, Daniel H. 



COMPANY C. 
First Sergeant. 

Sergeant,^. 

Jinks, Richard 
Curry, Milton 

Corporals. 

Miller, Eliphalet B. 
Burris, Charles W. 
Murray, Samuel J. 
Doty. Daniel 



Ferris, James 



Wagoner. 



APPENDIX. 



329 



Privates. 



Allison, George W. 
Applegate, William H. H. 
Allison, William 
Alley, Andrew 
Abrahams, Benjamin 
Applegate, James 
Armstrong, William 
Armstrong, Milton 
Bedoll, Alexander 
Blazier, George W. 
Bunyard, William W. 
Bunyard, Henry W. 
Brooks, David 
Brooks, Geo'ge 
Brunger, Stephen 
Brooks, Nicholas E. 
Clark, Robert 
Chapman, Neunham 
Crowell, Harrison 
Cooksey, James B. 
Collyer, Wesley 
Davis, Henry P. 
Dearmond, Conrad 
Daniels, George W. 
Daniels, John W. 
Fey, Philip 
Green, Jonathan 
Gross, John 
Green, John 
Gordon, William F. 

Gordon, Clinton 

G^-orge, William 
Horsley, Isaac 
High, Edwin W. 
Harry, Elisha 
Hillman, Edwin A. 
Johnson, Albert 
James, William H. H. 
Johnson, James A. 
Jones, Samuel I. 



Kay, John L. 
Longsley, Francis M. 
Lewis, Eliphalet 
Leish, Francis 
Milner, John 
Moslander, George 
McGlin, James 
Morford, Elisha 
Milner. Amos O. 
Osborne, James T. 
Pugh, George L. 
Patterson, George E. 
Potts, Stephen M. 
Patterson, John 
Patterson, William J. 
Ricord, Martin 
Reed, Stewart 
Smith, John H. 
Salyers, John D. 
Shafer, Claudius 
Shafer, Ira 

Sherwood, Francis M. 
Sutton, George 
Scott, Joel 
Swift, Richard 
Smith, Nathaniel 
Snyder, George 
Vincent, William A. 
Walker, Alexander 
Worden, Zenus M. 
Welsh, Joseph 
White, John I. 
Whitelock, Bailey J. 
Wilson, Squire H. 
Wier, John 
Wier, Jonathan 
Worden, Isaac C. 
Wildridge, James 
Yates, John P. 



Recruits 



Date 
of Muster. 

Banes, Charles W Dec. 9, 1863 

Bedoll, Alexander J.. .Dec. 9, 1863 
Clark, James W . . .March 10, 1864 

Chance, John W Jan. 27, 1865 

Dunlop, John R Dec. 9, 1863 

Dunlop, John Feb. 11, 1864 

High, Jenks B March 11, 1864 

Murray, Coburn Dec. 9, 1863 



Date 
of Muster. 

Potts, James S Jan. 27, 1865 

Reese, Otho Sept. 22, 1863 

Schilman, John Dec. 17, 1863 

Smith, William Jan. 12, 1864 

Smith, George W Jan. 12, 1864 

Tyner, George March 11, 1864 

Whitelock, Chas. W\. Dec. 7, 1863 



Smith, James A. 



COMPANY D. 

First Sergeant. 



330 



SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



Cohn, Gabriel 
Richie, George T. 



Richie, James W. 
Innis, William 
Woods, William 
Smith, James W^ C. 



Aldridge, William F. 
Alexander, James H. 
Bramblett, Thomas E. 
Burns, Michael 
Brown, John D. 
Bosley. James R. 
Bradburn, James 
Besterne, Hugh 
Bodine, Samuel S. 
Bosley, Thomas 
Billings, Abraham S. 
Baker, Remberton S. 
Buzan, William I. C. 
Chalfant, Wesley 
Calender, John 
Cohee, Benjamin F. 
Conrad, Henry 
Delashmit, Noah 
Dale. Isaac 
David, James B. 
Danner, William H. 
Delashmit, James T. 
Eagy, Charles 
Earnest, Amos W. 
Farlow, Alfred 
Francis, John M. 
Fleehart, Daniel S. 
Goodwin, Leander 
Griffin, William 
Gates, Arthur J. 
Grubb, Oliver J. 
Gisselbach, Frank 
Hendricks, William 
Junkin, Charles F. 
Junkin, Edward A. 
Jones, Samuel B. 
Lingenfelter, Deliscus 
Lester, Charles 



Sergeants. 

Burns, William 
Snider, George W. 

Corporals. 

Thomas, Daniel L. 
Sowder, William M. 
Caldwell, Harvey 
Hurst, Isaac C. 



Privates. 



Lytle, John, 
Lange, Walter S. 
Liptrop, James R. 
Long, Charles 
Lee, Caleb C. 
Maxey, Mason 
Mavity, Uriah J. 
Mohler, John J, 
Mohler, Oliver H. 
Miller, Lemon 
Nipp, William 
O'Toole, John 
Pegg, Samuel C. 
Pierce, Manlius W. 
Pappino, Silas C. 
Pattison, Thom, s T. 
Ploughe, Noah T. 
Pierce, Lewellen 
Roberts, James H.- 
Roberts, John A. 
Robinson, John 
Richie, Asbury 
Rogers, Isaac 
Silvers, Isaac 
Simmonds, John 
Stewart, Luther T. 
Short, Frederick W. 
Sailors, Oliver H. 
Smith, George 
Simpson, Daniel W. 
Trembly, Jefferson E. 
Travillion, Martin 
Wilson, Allen B. 
Wilson, John L. T. 
Walters, Payton H. 
Widnu, Jeremiah A. 
Widnu. David S. 
Whitley, Enoch 



Recruits. 



Date 

of Muster. 

Chalfant, Mathias Nov. 1, 1862 

Cox, David A Nov. 3, 1862 

Forbes, John W Nov. 3, 1862 

Murphy, Joab P. .- . . . .Oct. 26, 1862 

Mullen, Otis Jan. 7, 1864 

Ogden, Joshua D Dec. 26, 1863 



Date 
of Muster. 

Peacock, Moses D... .Dec. 26, 1863 

Rust, Francis M Dec. 26, 1863 

Smith, John Nov. 3, 1864 

Vale, Leander March 6, 1865 

White, Henry C Nov. 3, 1864 



APPENDIX. 



331 



Liddell, Oliver B. 



Crist, Hiram C. 
Robbins, Jeremiah 



COMPANY E. 
First Sergeant. 



Sergeants. 



Neff, Charles 
Terhune, James 



Smith, George W. 
Lewis, Albert 
Babcock, Worden L. 
Alfred, Simeon 



Corporaln. 

Stockman, Lewis C. 
Eckert, Michael 
Wade, Luallen J. 
Wardell, Francis 



Goeble, Adam 
McCright, Austin 



Alfred, Joseph 
Baines, James 
Babcock, Lemuel 
Beggs, LaFayette 
Bolander, Chris W. 
Borden, IVIichael 
Bearens, Henry 
Callahan, William 
Clark, Hiram R. 
Claspil, Martin 
Cady, Robert M. 
Campbell. James S. 
Donner, John 
Davern, Michael 
Darragh, Charles 
Daniels, Richard 
Ewbank, Robert J. 
Ewbank, John A. 
Goodwin, John 
Godfrey, Jacob 
Glardon, Peter F. 
Gould, Richard H. 
Gould, Joseph 
Graham, Alonzo 
Gibbs, Asa 
Gibbs, Theodore 
Gruber, Joseph 
Hayes, Jesse 
Hahn, Joseph 
Hammel, Nelson 
Hendrickson, Abram 
Hall, Thomas L. 
Hall, William 
Klinerman, William 



Musician. 



Wagoner. 



Privates. 



Koch, John W. 

Knowles, Amasa C. 

Lyon, Charles 

Moore, Marcus 

Morley, John 

Neff, Rudolph 

Probst, Jacob 

Rudleson, Michael 

Rinearson, John 

Ross, John 

Rockaway, William 

Sohn, Rudolph 
Skelton, John 
Shafer, Michael 
Smith, George 
Sullivan, John R. 
Smith, William F. 
Snell, Charles 
Smith, James A. 
Schmitt, Jacob 
Schmitt, George 
Swan, Levi B. 
Snell, Abram 
Texter, Christopher 
Tuley, William 
Taylor, Elias 
Tuley, James 
Walters, Hiram G. 
Walters, William G. 
Weigart, Benjamin F. 
Wyneman, Jacob 
Ward, William 
Wilson, John 



332 



SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



Recruits. 



Date 
of Muster. 

Bennett, James Feb. 25, 1862 

Crawford, John R. . . .Oct. 31, 1862 
Button, Stephen A.. .Aug. 25, 1862 
Dyke, William H . . . .Aug. 25, 1862 
Eubank, Robert W. . .Mar. 3, 1864 

Grove, John W Aug. 27, 1862 

Irish, Charles Aug. 11, 1863 

Laine, Jesse L. April 9, 1863 



Bate 
of Muster. 

Mavity, John A Sept. 19, 1862 

Noble, Robert J Aug. 25, 1872 

Parker, Deforest Jan. 7, 1864 

Smith, John L Mar. 3, 1864 

Tull, Isom Jan. 7, 1864 

Weatherford, David. . . Dec. 3, 1862 
York, Caswell Jan. 7, 1864 



Showers, David D. 

McKee, James 
Standiford, James A. 



Thackrey, James B. 
Parker, James 
Eaton, David L. 
Arnold, Joseph W. 



McFatridge, Henry C. 



Arnold, James 
Arnold, Yewlis 
Beasic, Celestine 
Belanger, William 
Davis, Isaac 
Denny, Ambrose 
Day, David A. 
Eaton, Arnold P. 
Fulmer, David 
Glans, Nicholas 
Gursling, George 
Hausman, Charles 
Hiner, John 
Harrell, Joshua 
Houk, Franklin 
Hardy, Henry 
Holloway, James L. 
Jones, James 
Kermickle, John 
Lewis, Nathan W. 
Lhies, David G. 
Lewis, Isaac 
Lines, Enoch 
Lozia, Martin 
Lutz, Michael 
Lyons, William H. 



COMPANY F. 

First Sergeant. 

Sergeants. 

Culver, Moses A. 
Eaton, Hiram 

Corporals. 

Bare, Thompson 
Johnson, Benjamin C. 
Brunt, William H. 
Nicolai, Henry 

Musicians. 

Lyons, David 



Privates. 



Luxx, George 
Lamb, Michael 
McQuane, Andrew 
McKee, Homer B. 
McLaughlin, John U. 
Moore, Stephen J. 
Mace, Fleming 
PoUman, John 
Parker, Stephen A. 
Porter, Robert L. 
Parker, Harvey J. 
Peteman, Lewis 
Ralph, George W. A. J. 
Reinier, James L. 
Runion, John H. 
Shill, Joseph 
Shackleford, Erastus 
Showers, Benjamin 
Stackhouse, George H. 
Skinnims, James 
Skinner, Joseph 
Thackrey, Thomas B. 
Thackrey, Thomas E. 
Thackrey, Jacob C. 
Thackrey, Stephen 
Toy, Ephraim 



APPENDIX. 



333 



Priratcn. Continued. 

Victory, John Wantling, William 

White, Seth Winkleman, John K. 

Williams, William G. Williams, VVilliam 
Waters, John 

Recruits. 

Date Date 

of Muster. of Muster. 

Adkins, George W. . .Dec. 26, 1868 Martin, William M. . Aug. 19, 1862 

Elliott, John b Jan. 29, 1864 Steele, John S Aug. 20, 1862 

Fortune, Lewis Nov. 1, 1862 Stackhouse, David. . . .Nov. 2, 1862 

Leeinan, Charles Nov. 15, 1862 



Clark, Joseph R. 

Wilson, George 
Moore, Climpson B. 



Best, William 
Burnett, Thomas J. 
Stephens, Isaac, Jr. 
Hubbard, James A. 



Lynn, Prince Albert 



Bright, Ezekial A. 

Bell, Thomas E. 
Barton, Caleb S. 
Bresler, William H. 
Craven, George 
Cheney, Edmund J. 
Castle, James 
Davis, George M. D. 
Dukate, John B. 
Donough, Andrew 
Filer, Charles E. 
Higgs, James M. 
Halstead, Oliver 
Hickson, Charles H. 
Hayward, Thomas B. 
Hall, Theodore 
Jones, William 
Jamison, Jacob 
Larimore, Isaac 
Line, Dennis B. 
Loper, Elmer 
Monroe, Libius 



COMPANY G. 

First Sergeant. 

Sergeants. 

Smith, Edward C. 
McCready, Samuel 

Corporals. 

Dukate, James 
Trusler, John N. 
Ryman, Alanson R. 
Swift, Franklin 

Musicians. 

Hibbard, Marion B. 

Wagoner. 



Privates. 



Macombs, James 
McCready, Jacob A. 
Minson, Entiles 
Moore, James C. 
McCormick, Theodore 
Miller, Lewis C. 
Mariatt, Charles E. 
Masters, Jacob K. 
Moore, Andrew 
McFall, John 
Masters, David W. 
Mclivaine, James P. 
Masters, John W. 
McDonald, Ambrose 
Mariatt, Hezekiah R. 
Oliphant, Francis M. 
Ogden, Charles W. 
Pippin, Joseph 
Pierson, John R. 
Poe, Chester 
Parrott, Nimrod 



334 



SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



Privates. Continued. 



Ryman, Jarred C. 
Risk, Charles B. 
Roberts, William P. 
Remy, William H. 
Ryman, Cineas 
Rose, Hezekiah 
Roberts, LaFayette 
Stout, John 
Stillwell, David 
Skinner, Theodore 
Shepperd, Thomas C. 
Stephens, Isaac J. 



Sims, James L. 
Templeton, Oliver G. 
Van Meter, Joseph N. 
Wayne, Elijah 
Wallace, William J. 
White, Melville B. 
West, Andrew H. 
Weaver, William H. 
Wright, Fuller 
Yates, Thomas B. 
Yates, Daniel 



Recruits. 



Armstrong, Wm. F... 

Bird, William A 

Coil, John L 

Glover, LaFayette.. . 

Gall, Raphael 

Higgs, George W. . . . 
Howard, Thomas J. . 
Lewis, Isaac 



Date 

of Muster. 

.Dec. 18, 1863 

..Feb. 5, 1864 

.Dec. 18, 1863 

. Nov. 6, 1863 
.Jan. 13,1864 

.Jan. 13, 1864 
..Feb. 6, 1864 
..Dec. 9, 1863 



Moulton, George W 
McCarty, William, . 
Reed, Zachariah. . . 
Smith, Jeremiah W. 
Swift, Richard M... 

Smith, Henry , 

Smith, James 



Date 

of Muster. 

...Dec. 9,1863 
..Sept. 6, 1862 
.Mch. 17, 1864 
...Dec. 3, 1863 
..Dec. 18,1863 
.Dec. 18,1868 
...Tan. 13,1864 



Washburne, William S. 

Case, Elijah H. 
Stringer, Shadrach 



Blew, Samuel 
Johnson, Nicholas V. 
Davis, Nathan 
Jones, John M. 



Harper, Rufus 



Alvey, William 
Baker, David G. 
Budemeyer, Deitrich 
Bickle, Henry 
Baker, William M. 
Baker, David, Jr. 
Barber, John 
Best, William H. 
Barricman, Martin C. 
Burns, Thomas 
Burth, John 



COMPANY H. 
First Sergeant. 

Sergeants. 

Davis, John M. 
Jeffries, Lycurgus 

Corporals. 

Backhouse, Theo. 
Bradburn, Henry 
Harrell, John C. 
Lyons, Zachariah 

Musicians. 

Baker, Samuel R. 



Privates. 



Campbell, Ge«rge W. 
Cummins, Elbert M. 
Carson, James E. 
Crocker, Wesley 
Cregar, Elmore W. 
Dunham, Aaron 
Feary, Charles 
Farmer, John A. 
Ferguson, Thomas A. 
Gleason, William 
Gage, Benjamin 



APPENDIX. 



335 



Privates. Continued. 

Greger, John H. Proctor, John 

Grimes, Patrick Quick, James M. 

Harris, William H. Runyan, John R. 

Howell, George W. Raymond, Lewis 

Holliday, John Rogers, Martin 

Hopkins, Isaac Rogers, Peter 

Heep, John Roe, John P. A. 

Jacques, Joseph Robeson, John 

Jenkins, Elhanan W. Rust, Herbert L. 

Kilgore, Elwood Schoonover, Benjamin F. 

Kennedy, John S. Serring, Silas W. 

Long, Joseph Serring, William H. 

Larue, Brison Spradling, William N. 

Laforge, James L. Smith, Benjamin A. 

Lee, Gabriel Spradling, Elisha 

Lee, William Sickler, Nehemiah 

Morford, Joseph Taylor, Charles A. 

Maley, Michael Teegarden, Daniel 

Miller, Henry H Taylor, John W. 

Meyncke, Christopher C. Vanlandigham, Lewis, Jr. 

Mullin, Joel Vessendorf, Henry 

Millspaugh, Peter B. Withers, Jerome J. 

Maley, Patrick Washington, Isaac 

Parvis, Jonathan Woodworth, Adelbert C. 
Price, Robert J. 

Recruits. 
Date Date 

of Muster. of Muster. 

Chamberlain, F. M. . .Jan. 13, 1864 Peterman, Henry C. .April 8, 1863 

Hensler, Albert Jan. 13, 1864 Raymond, Lewis Dec. 9, 1863 

Koehler, August.. . . .—Jan. 13, 1864 Smart, William F Jan. 13, 1864 

Meyncke, James.. . . Aug. 19, 1862 Williams, David Jan. 13, 1864 

Newman, Jacob Mch. 17,1864 Washington, Jas. E. .Mch. 17, 1864 

O'Byrne. George F. . .Jan. 13, 1864 Washington. Isaac. .Mch. 17, 1864 



Carson, George 

Showalter, Franklin F. 
Hawkins, George G. 



COMPANY L 

F^irst Sergeant. 

Sergeants. 

Wood, John W. 
Stout, Joab H. 



Bolton, Robert W. 
May, Thomas T. 
Alexander. Israel C. 
Smiser, Jacob 

Shumm, John P. 
Plough, John 



Corporals. 

Alexander, Elbert S. 
Wynn, James 
Stage, Hiram P. 
Webb, William B. 

Musician. 
Wagoner. 



336 



SIXTY EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



Privates. 



Byons, John H. 
Burrus, Newton J. 
Booth, William A. 
Brehenney, James 
Clendenning, Thomas 
Childers, Jesse 
ChilderF, Joseph H. 
Cox, James H. 
Christy, Henry P. 
Critcher, John 
Carson, Joel 
Davis, Thomas C. 
Fieber, William M. 
Grant, Giles 
Guard, Oliver P. 
Guard, William J. 
Guard, Samuel M. 
Gilmore, John W. 
Gilmore, Andrew J. 
Goldsmith. William H. O. 
Humes, Worthington 
Humes, John C. 
Hood, James N. 
Hughes, David M. 
Hiberland, Andrew J. 
Hibbard, Clayburne W. 
Heckinger, John 
Herring, Isaac 
Howell, Charles W. 
Higgs, George W. 
Irwin, Ovid 
Klapp, William M. 
Littell, Elias 
Laforge, Ephraim 
Lyon, John V. T. 
Landsberry, William V. 
Matherly, William W. 
Mcllvain, Ira 
Mcllvain, William W. 



Murray, John D. 
McMann, Wellington 
Moncrief, Wilson L. 
Moncrief, John C. 
Moncrief, Perry 
Mitchell, Newton 
Manson, Patrick 
McCune, John W. 
May, Jeremiah 
McCo'rkle, Alexander P. 
Moore, Peter 
Moore, George 
Moore, Anderson S. 
Moore, Edmund M. 
McDowell, Oliver P. 
Ogden, William R. 
Patrick, Andrew J. 
Patrick, Solomon H. 
Plymote, Alfred H. 
Reed, Henry 
Runyan, Reuben A. 
Roberts, Calvin T. 
Reed, David C. 
Reed, Reason 
Reed, John H. 
Stage, Paul R. 
Stafford, John W. 
Shafer, John W. 
Shera, William 
Shera, James 
Spriggs, Riley 
Swope, Russell 
Thompson, John F. 
Thompson, John W. 
Viley, Joseph 
Webb, James G. 
Wright, Joy 
Wynn, William 
Wiley, Francis M. 



Recruits. 
Date 
of Muster. 

Covert, Lucas Oct. 7, 1862 

Eglin, Francis M Aug. 26, 1861 



Date 
of Muster. 

May, John Q. A Nov. 27, 1862 

Pool, James R Nov. 7, 1862 



Pierce, William O. 



Dawson, John H. 
Wood, Edward W. 



COMPANY K. 
First Sergeant. 

Sergeants. 

Arnold, Omar A. 
Wood, Robert W. 



APPENDIX, 



337 



Johnson, Edward P. 
Kelley, Constantine 
Abbott, Monroe 
Wilson, Oliver C. 



Riggin, Mellvin M. 



Corporals. 

Moore, Benjamin F, 
Duncan, Joshua 
Gualt, David H. 
Todd, Robert 

Musicians. 

Moore, John W. 



Wagoner. 
Lloyd, Harvey S. 

Privates. 

Arnold, George C. Laughlin, David 

Arnold, William S. Lewis, William S. 

Arnold, Milton Losey, William F. 

Arnold, Ithiel S. Lippard, Columbus 

Auston, Samuel L. McGehan, William 

Auston, William Mulvaney, John M. 

Abbott, Isaac M. Mills, Benjamin 

Buhriege, George L. Mackey, John 

Beggs, William G. McKinley, James H. 

Bowen. William W. Nelson, Samuel B. 

Brooks, John E. Punnal, William 

Burlingame, Stephen Robbms, Montreville 

Bohmer, Henry Shuman, Thomas S. 

Cannon, Charles Shafer, Conrad 

Cornell, William H. Shockley, John 

Carr, Thomas Stevenson, William T. 

Craven, Allen Smith, John 

Childs, Benjamin — Strastinger, Henry 

Darley, Thomas Sutton, Henry P. 

Frazier, William H. Soper, Francis A. 

Grow, Michael Sitzger, Joseph 

Gray, Josiah Stautsman, Adam F. 

Gualt, Elton H. Sedwick, William F. 

Gualt, James H. Todd, John 

Holt, Samuel Tanner, Martm L. 

Herndon, Jonathan Tower, Alvah W. 

Hancock, Curtis Taylor, Robert K. 

Johnson, John W. Truitt. Thomas J. 

Jones, John H. Wilson, Arvah D. 

King, George Wilson, Moses P. 

Knott, John P. Wood, Henry E. 
Kidwell, John W. 

Recruits. 
Date Bate 

of Muster. of Muster. 

Curry, Archibald Jan. 9, 1864 Stutzman, Adam F. .Aug. 19, 1862 

Hall, Jared W Dec. 3, 1862 Smith, James H Sept. 8, 1862 

Malott, William H.... Dee. 5, 1862 Tucker, William H... Sept. 8, 1862 

Unassigned Recruits. 

Hester, Frank Aug. 14, 1862 McArty, Phillip Jan. 27, 1864 

Hixon, Charles H. .March 10, 1864 Speake, James E Aug. 29, 1864 

Kiser, William April 9, 1863 

22 



338 



SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I, 



SUMMARY OF Men CalIvEd for by the President of the United 
States and Furnished by and Credited to the States and 
Territories During the War of the Rebei^won. 



States and 
Tbrritobibs 



Maine 

New Hampshire 

Vermont 

Massachusetts. . 
Rhode Island. . . 
Connecticut .... 

New York 

New Jersey 

Pennsylvania . . 

Delaware 

Maryland 

West Virginia. . 
Dist. Columbia. 

Ohio 

Indiana 

Illinois 

Michigan 

Wisconsin 

Minnesota 

Iowa 

Missouri 

Kentucky 

Kansas 

Tennessee 

Arkansas 

North Carolina. 

California 

Nevada 

Oregon 

Washington T. . 

Nebraska T 

Colorado T 

Dakota T 

New Mexico T.. 

Alabama 

Florida 

Louisiana 

Mississippi 

Texas 

Indian Nation. . '. 
Colored troops. . 



Quota 



73,587 

35,897 

32,074 

139,095 

18,898 

44,797 

507,148 

92,820 

385,369 

13,935 

70,965 

34,463 

13,973 

306,322 

199,788 

244,496 

95,007 

109,080 

26,326 

79,521 

122,496 

100,782 

12,931 

1,560 

780 

1,560 



Men 



70,107 

33,937 

33,288 

146,730 

23,236 

55,864 

448,850 

76,814 

337,936 

12,284 

46,638 

32,068 

16,534 

313,180 

196,363 

259,092 

87,364 

91,327 

24,020 

76,242 

109,111 

75,760 

20,149 

31,092 

8,289 

3.156 

15,725 

1,080 

1,810 

964 

3,157 

4,903 

206 

6,561 

2,576 

1,290 

5,224 

545 

1,965 

3,530 

93,441 



Paid 
Commu- 
tation 



Totals . . 



I • 2,763,670 



2,007 
692 

1,974 

5,318 
463 

1,515 
18,197 

4,196 
28,171 

1,386 

3,678 



338 

6,479 

784 

55 

2,008 

5,097 

1,032 

67 

3,265 

2 



2,772,4')8 86,724 2,859,132 



Total 



72,114 

34,629 

35,262 

152,048 

23,699 

57,379 

467,047 

81,010 

366,107 

13,670 

50,316 

32,068 

16,872 

319,659 

197,147 

259,147 

89,372 

96,424 

25,052 

76,309 

109,111 

79,025 

20,151 

31,092 

8,289 

3,156 

15,725 

1,080 

1,810 

964 

3,157 

4,903 

206 

6,561 

2,576 

1,290 

5,224 

545 

1,965 

3,530 

93,441 



Aggregate 
Reduced to a 
Three Years' 

Standard 



56,676 

30,349 

29,068 

124,104 

17,866 

50,623 

392,270 

57,908 

265,517 

10,322 

41,275 

27,714 

11,506 

240,514 

153,576 

214,133 

80,111 

79,260 

19,693 

68,630 

86,530 

70,832 

18,706 

26,394 

7,836 

3,156 

15,725 

1,080 

1,773 

964 

2,175 

3,697 

206 

4,432 

1,611 

1,290 

4,654 

545 

1,632 

3,530 

91,789 



2,320,272 



APPENDIX. 



339 



Population, in 1860, of the following groups of states and territories: 

New England States $,135,283 

Middle States 7,458,985 

Western States and Territories 8,042,497 

Pacific States 450,910 

Border States 3,605,275 

Total 22,692,950 

All calls for troops, reduced to a uniform three-years standard, 
amounted to 2,320,272. This number was about 10 per cent of the total 
population of the states and territories that remained faithful to the 
Union, and nearly 50 per cent of those capable of bearing arms, estimat- 
ing the arms-bearing population at 1 in 4. 

54,137 white and 62,571 colored troops were furnished by the South- 
ern states. The total number of colored troops enlisted during the war 
was 186,097. 



STATEMENT Showing the Number Kii,i,ed or Who Died of 
Wounds or from Other Causes in the Union Army During 
THE War. 





Regulars 


White 
Volunteera 


Colored 
Troops 


Total 


Killed in battle 


1,335 

1,174 

27 

3,009 

159 


41,369 
46,271 

442 

153,995 

23,188 


1,514 
1,760 

57 
29,212 

837 


44,218 


Died of wounds and injuries.. . 
Suicide, homicide^executions. . 
Died of disease 


49,205 

526 

186,216 


Unknown causes 


24,184 


Totals 


5,704 


265,265 


33,380 


304,349 





The Adjutant-General reports that 26,168 men are known to have 
died while prisoners of war in the hands of the enemy. 

The latest report from the War Department on record makes the 
total loss by death 303,504. The foregoing summary makes it 304,349, 
the difference arising from the fact that the Surgeon-General reports 
over 900 more regulars died durmg the war than the Adjutant-General. 

PERCENTAGE. 

Out of about every 65 men one man was killed in action. 

Out of about every 56 men one man died of wounds received in 
action. 

Out of about every 13 men one man died of disease and unknown 
causes. 

Out of about every 9 men one man died while in service. 

Out of about every 15 men one man was captured or reported 
missing. 

Out of about every 10 men one man was wounded in action. 

Out of about every 7 men captured one died while in captivity. 



340 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



ORGANIZATION OF THE ARMY OF THE CUMBERLAND 

Commanded by Maj.-Gen. William S. Rosecrans, 

AT THE 

BATTLE OF CHICKAMAUGA, GEORGIA, 

September 19 and 20, 1863. 



Koster compiled by Hon. J. W. Kirkley, Board of Publication of War Kecords. 



GENERAL HEADQUARTERS. 

1st Battalion Ohio Sharpshooters. 

10th Ohio Infantry, Lieut. Col. William M. Ward. 

15th Pennsylvania Cavalry, Col. William J. Palmer. 



FOURTEENTH ARMY CORPS. 
Maj. Gen. Geokge H. Thomas. 

GENERAL HEADQUARTERS. 

Provost- Guard. 
9th Michigan Infantry.* Col. John G. Parkhurst. 

Escort. 
1st Ohio Cavalry, Company L, Capt. John D. Barker. 



FIRST DIVISION (FOURTEENTH CORPS). 

Brig. Gen. Absalom Baird. 

First Brigade. 

Col. Benjamin F, Scribner. 

38th Indiana, Lieut. Col. Daniel F. Griffin. 
2d Ohio: 

Lieut. Col. Obadiah C. Maxwell. 

Major William T. Beatty. 

Capt. James Warnock. 
33d Ohio, Col. Oscar F. Moore. 
94th Ohio, Major Rue P. Hutchins. 
lOth Wisconsin: 

Lieut. Col. John H. Ely 

Capt. Jacob W. Roby. 
1st Michigan, Light Battery A: 

Lieut. George W. Van Pelt. 

Lieut. Almerick W. Wilbur. 



*'Not engaged; on train and provost duty. 



APPENDIX. 341 



Second Brigade. 
Brig. Gen. John C. Starkweather. 

24th [llinois: 

Col. Geza Mihalotzy. 

Capt. August Mauff. 
79th Pennsylvania, Col. Henry A. Hambright. 
1st Wisconsin, Lieut. Col. George B. Bingham. 
21st Wisconsin: 

Lieut. Col. Harrison C. Hobart. 

Capt. Charles H. Walker. 
Indiana Light, 4th Battery: 

Lieut. David Flansburg. 

Lieut. Henry J. Willitts. 

Third Brirjade. 

Brig. Gen. John H. King. 

15th United States, 1st Battalion. Capt. Albert B. Dod. 
16th United States, 1st Battalion: 

Major Sidney Coolidge. 

Capt. Robert E. A. Crofton. 
18th United States, 1st Battalion, Capt. George W. Smith. 
18th United States, 2d Battalion, Capt. Henry Haymond. 
19th United States, 1st Battalion: 

Major Samuel K. Dawson. 

Capt. Edmund L. Smith. 
5th United States Artillery, Battery H: 

Lieut. Howard M. Burnham. 

Lieut. Joshua A. Fessenden. 



SECOND DIVISION (FOURTEENTH CORPS). 

Maj.-GEN. James S. Negley. 

First Brigade. 

Brig.-Gen. John Beattv. 

104th Illinois, Lieut. Col. Douglas Hapeman. 
42d Indiana, Lieut. Col. William T. B. Mclntire. 
88th Indiana, Col. George Humphrey. 
15th Kentucky, Col. Marion C. Taylor. 
Illinois Light, Bridges Battery, Capt. Lyman Bridges. 

Second Brigade. 

Col. Timothy R. Stanley. 
Col. William L. Stoughton. 

19th Illinois, Lieut. Col. Alexander W. Raffen. 
11th Michigan: 

Col. William L. Stoughton. 
Lieut. Col. Melvin Mudge. 
18th Ohio, Lieut. Col. Charles H. Grosvenor. 
1st Ohio Light, Battery M, Capt. Frederick Schultz. 



342 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



Third Brigade. 

Col. William Sirwell. 

37th Indiana, Lieut. Col. William D. Ward. 
21st Ohio: 

Lieut. Col. Dwella M. Stoughton. 

Maj. Arnold McMahan. 

Capt. Charles H. Vantine. 
74th Ohio, Capt. Joseph Fisher. 
78th Pennsylvania, Lieut. Col. Archibald Blakeley. 
1st Ohio Light, Battery G, Capt. Alexander Marshall. 



THIRD DIVISION (FOURTEENTH CORPS). 

Brig. Gen. John M. Brannan. 

First Brigade. 

Col. John M. Connell. 

82d Indiana, Col. Morton C. Hunter. 
17th Ohio, Lieut. Col. Durbin Ward. 
31st Ohio, Lieut. Col. Frederick \V. Lister. 
38th Ohio,* Col. Edward H. Phelps. 
1st Michigan Light, Battery D, Capt. Josiah W. Church. 

Second Brigade. 

Col. John T. Croxton. 
Col. Charles W. Chapman. 
Col. William H. Hays. 

10th Indiana: 

Col. William B. Carroll. 
Lieut. Col. Marsh B. Taylor. 
74th Indiana: 

Col. Charles W. Chapman. 
Lieut. Col. Myron Baker. 
4th Kentucky: 

Lieut. Col. P. Burgess Hunt. 
Maj. Robert M. Kelly. 
10th Kentucky: 

Col. William H. Hays. 
Maj. Gabriel C. Wharton. 
14th Ohio, Lieut. Col. Henry D. Kingsbury. 
1st Ohio Light, Battery C, Lieut. Marco B. Gary. 

Third Brigade. 
Col. Ferdinand VanDerveer. 

87th Indiana, Col. Newell Gleason. 

2d Minnesota, Col. James George. 

9th Ohio, Col. Gustave Kammerling. 
35th Ohio, Lieut. Col. Henry V. Boynton. 

4th U. S. Artillery, Battery I, Lieut. Frank G. Smith. 



*Not engaged; train guard. 



APPENDIX. 



343 



FOURTH DIVISION (FOUKTEENTH CORPS). 

Maj. Gen. Joseph J. Reynolds. 

First Brigade* 

Col. John T. Wilder. 

92d Illinois, Col. Smith D. Atkins. 
98th Illinois: 

Col. John J. Funkhouser. 

Lieut. Col. Edward Kitchell. 
123d Illinois, Col. James Monroe. 
17th Indiana, Maj. William T. Jones. 
72d Indiana, Col. Abram O. Miller. 
Indiana Light, 18th Battery, Capt. Eli Lilly. 

Second Brigade. 

Col. Edward A. King. 
Col. Milton S. Robinson. 

68th Indiana, Capt. Harvey [. Espy. Wounded 4 P. M., Sat- 
urday, southeast of Brotherton House; Capt. Edmund Finn 
succeeding in command of 68th Indiana. 
75th Indiana : 

Col. Milton S. Robinson. 

Lieut. Col. William O'Brien. 
101st Indiana. Lieut. Col. Thomas Doan. 
105th Ohio, Maj. George T. Perkins. 
Indiana Light, 19th Battery : 

Capt. Samuel J. Harris. 

Lieut. Robert S. Lackey. 

Third Brigade. 
Brig. Gen. John B. Turchin. 
18th Kentucky : 

Lieut. Col. Hubbard K. Milward. 

Capt. John B. Heltemes. 
11th Ohio, Col. Philander P. Lane. 
86th Ohio : 

Col. William G. Jones. 

Lieut. Col. Hiram F. Devol. 
92d Ohio : 

Col. Benjamin D. Fearing. 

Lieut. Col. Douglas Putnam, Jr. 
Indiana Light, 21st Battery, Capt. William W. Andrew. 



TWENTIETH ARMY CORPS. 

Maj. Gen. Alexander McD. McCook. 

GENERAL HEADQUARTERS. 

Provost Guard. 
81st Indiana Infantry, Company H, Capt. William J. Richards. 

Escort. 
2d Kentucky Cavalry, Company I, Lieut. George W. L. Batman. 

* Detached from the division; engaged as mounted infantry. 



344 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



FIRST DIVISION (TWENTIETH CORPS). 

Brig. Gen. Jefferson C. Davis. 

First Brigade* 

Col. P. Sidney Post. 

59th Illinois, Lieut. Col. Joshua C. Winters. 

74th Illinois, Col. Jason Marsh. 

75th Illinois, Col. John E. Bennett. 

22d Indiana, Col. Michael Gooding. 

Wisconsin Light Artillery, 5th Battery, Capt. Geo. Q. Gardner. 

Second Brigade. 
Brig. Gen. William P. Carlin. 

21st Illinois: 

Col. John W. S. Alexander. 

Capt. Chester K. Knight. 
38th Illinois : 

Lieut. Col. Daniel H. Gilmer. 

Capt. Willis G. Whitehurst. 
81st Indiana : 

Capt. Nevil B. Boone. 

Maj. James E. Calloway. 
101st Ohio : 

Lieut. Col. John Messer. 

Maj. Bedan B. McDanald. 

Capt. Leonard D. Smith. 
Minnesota Light Artillery, 2d Battery : 

Lieut. Albert Woodbury. 

Lieut. Richard L. Dawley. 

Third Brigade. 

Col. Hans C. Heg. 
Col. John A. Martin. 
25th Illinois: 

Maj. Samuel D. Wall. 
Capt. Wesford Taggart. 
35th Illinois, Lieut. Col. William P. Chandler. 
8th Kansas: 

Col. John A. Martin. 
Lieut. Col. James L. Abernathy. 
15th Wisconsin, Lieut. Col. Ole C. Johnson. 
Wisconsin Light Artillery, 8th Battery, Lieut. John D. McLean. 



SECOND division (TWENTIETH CORPS). 

Brig. Gen. Richard W. Johnson. 
First Brigade. 
Brig. Gen. August Willich. 
89th Illinois: 

Lieut. Col. Duncan J. Hall. 
Maj. William D. Williams. 



* Not engaged; guarding train. 



APPENDIX. 



345 



32d Indiana, Lieut. Col. Frank Erdelmeyer. 
89th Indiana,* Col. Thomas J. Harrison. 
15th Ohio, Lieut. Col. P>ank Askew. 
49th Ohio: 

Maj. Samuel F. Grav. 

Capt. Luther M. Strong. 
1st Ohio Light Art., Battery A. Capt. Wilbur F. Goodspeed. 

Second Brigade. 
Col. Joseph B. Dodge. 

79th Illinois, Col. Allen Buckner. 
29th Indiana. Lieut. Col. David M. Dunn. 
30th Indiana, Lieut. Col. Orrin D. Hurd. 
77th Pennsylvania : 

Col. Thos. E. Rose. 

Capt. Joseph J. Lawson. 
Ohio Light Artillery, 20th Battery, Capt. Edward GrosskopEf. 

Third Brigade. 

Col. Philemon P. Baldwin. 
Col. William W. Berry. 

6th Indiana: 

Lieut. Col. Hagerman Tripp. 
Maj. Calvin D. Campbell. 
5th Kentucky: 

Col. Wm. W. Berry. 
Capt. John M. Huston. 
1st Ohio, Lieut. Col. Bassett Langdon. 
93d Ohio: 

Col. Hiram Strong. 
Lieut. Col. William H. Martin. 
Indiana Light Artillery, 5th Battery, Capt. Peter Simonson. 



THIRD division (TWENTIETH CORPS). 

Maj. Gen. Philip H. Sheridan. 

Fimt Brigade. 

Brig. Gen. William H. Lytle. 
Col. Silas Miller. 

36th Illinois: 

Colonel Silas Miller. 

Lieut. Col. Porter C. Olson. 
88th Illinois, Lieut. Col. Alexander S. Chadbourne. 
21st Michigan: 

Col. William B. McCreery. 

Maj. Seymour Chase. 
24th Wisconsin: 

Lieut. Col. Theodore S. West. 

Maj. Carl von Baumbach. 
Indiana Light Art., 11th Battery, Capt. Arnold Sutermeister. 



* Detached from its brigade and serving as mounted infantry. 



346 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



Second Brigade. 

Col. Bernard Laiboldt. 

44th Illinois, Col. Wallace W. Barrett. 
78d Illinois, Col. James F. Jacquess. 

2d Missouri, Maj. Arnold Beck, 
15th Missouri, Col. Joseph Conrad. 

1st Missouri Light Artillery, Battery G, Lieut. Gustavus 
Schueler. 

T/iird Brigade. 

Col. Luther P. Bradley. 
Col. Nathan H. Walworth. 

22d Illinois, Lieut. Col. Francis Swanwick. 
27th Illinois, Col. Jonathan R. Miles. 
42d Illinois: 

Col. Nathan H. Walworth. 

Lieut. Col. John A. Hottenstein. 
51st Illinois, Lieut. Col. Samuel B. Raymond. 
1st Illinois Light Artillery, Battery C, Capt. Mark H. 

Prescott. 



TWENTY-FIRST ARMY CORPS. 

Maj. Gen. Thomas L. Crittenden. 

general headquarters. 

Escort. 

15th Illinois Cavalry, Company K, Capt. Samuel B. Sherer. 



FIRST DIVISION (TWENTY-FIRST CORPS). 

Brig. Gen. Thomas J. Wood. 

First Brigade. 
Col. George P. Buell. 

100th Illinois: 

Col. Frederick A. Bartleson. 
Maj. Charles M. Hammond. 
58th Indiana, Lieut. Col. James T. Embree. 
13th Michigan: 

Col. Joshua B. Culver. 
Maj. Willard G. Eaton. 
26th Ohio, Lieut. Col. William H. Young. 
Indiana Light, 8th Battery, Capt. George Estep. 

Secofid Brigade.* 

Brig. Gen. George D. Wagner. 

15th Indiana, Col. Gustavus A. Wood. 

40th Indiana, Col. John W. Blake. 

57th Indiana, Lieut. Col. George W. Lennard. 



* Stationed at Chattanooga and not engaged. 



APPENDIX. 347 



97th Ohio, Lieut. Col. Milton Barnes. 

Indiana Liajht, 10th Battery, Lieut. William A. Naylor. 

TJiird Brigade. 

Col. Charles G. Marker. 

3d Kentucky, Col. Henry C. Dunlap. 
64th Ohio, Col. Alexander Mcllvain. 
65th Ohio: 

Lieut. Col. Horatio N. Whitbeck. 
Maj. Samuel C. Brown. 
Capt. Thomas Powell. 
126th Ohio, Col. Emerson Opdycke. 
Ohio Light, 6th Battery, Capt. CuUen Bradley. 



SECOND DIVISION (TWENTY-FIRST CORPS). 

Maj. Gen. John M. Palmer. 

First Brigade. 
Brig. Gen. Charles Cruet. 

31st Indiana, Col. John T. Smith. 

1st Kentucky,* Lieut. Col. Alva R. Hadlock. 

2d Kentucky, Col. Thomas D. Sedgewick. 
90th Ohio, Col. Charles H. Rippey. 

1st Ohio Light, Battery B, Lieut. Norman A. Baldwin. 

Second Brigade. 

Brig. Gen. William B. Hazen. 

9th Indiana, Col. Isaac C. B. Suman. 
6th Kentucky : 

Col. George T. Shakelford. 

Lieut. Col. Richard Rockingham. 

Maj. Richard T. Whitaker. 
41st Ohio, Col. Aquila Wiley. 
124th Ohio : 

Col. Oliver H. Payne. 

Maj. James B. Hainpson. 
Isl Ohio Light Battery F, Lieut. Giles J. Cockerill. 

Third Brigade. 

Col. William Grose. 

84th Illinois, Col. Louis H. Waters. 
36th Indiana : 

Lieut. Col. Oliver H. P. Carey. 
Maj. Gilbert Trusler. 
23d Kentucky, Lieut. Col. James C. Foy. 
6th Ohio : 

Col. Nicholas L. Anderson. 
Maj. Samuel C. Erwm. 
24th Ohio, Col. David J. Higgms. 
4th United States Art., Battery H, Lieut. Harry C. Gushing. 
4th United States Art., Battery M, Lieut. Francis L. D. 
Russell. 



* Five companies detached as wagon guard. 



348 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 

THIRD DIVISION (TWENTY FIRST CORPS). 

Brig. Gen. Horatio P. VanCleve. 

First Brigade. 

Brig. Gen. Samuel Beatty. 

79th Indiana, Col. Frederick Knefler. 
9th Kentucky, Col. George H. Cram. 
17th Kentucky, Col. Alexander M. Stout. 
19th Ohio, Lieut. Col. Henry G. Stratton. 
Indiana Light, 7th Battery, Capt. George R. Swallow. 

Second Brigade. 

Col. George F. Dick. 

44th Indiana, Lieut. Col. Simeon C. Aldrich. 
86th Indiana, Maj. Jacob C. Dick. 
13th Ohio : 

Lieut. Col. Elhannon M. Mast. 

Capt. Horatio G. Cosgrove. 
59th Ohio, Lieut. Col. Granville A. Frambes 
Pennsylvania Light, 26th Battery : 

Capt. Alanson J. Stevens. 

Lieut. Samuel M. McDowell. 

Third Brigade. 

Col. Sidney M. Barnes. 

35th Indiana, Maj. John P. Dufficy. 
8th Kentucky : 

Lieut. Col. James D. Mayhew. 

Maj. John S. Clark. 
21st Kentucky,* Col. S. Woodson Price. 
51st Ohio: 

Col. Richard W. McClain. 

Lieut. Col. Charles H. Wood. 
99th Ohio, Col. Peter T. Swaine. 
Wisconsin Light, 3d Battery, Lieut. Cortland Livingston 



RESERVE CORPS. 
Maj. Gen. Gordon Granger. 

FIRST DIVISION (RESERVE CORPS). 

Brig. Gen. James B. Steedman. 

First Brigade. 

Brig. Gen. Walter C. Whitaker. 

96th Illinois, Col. Thomas E. Champion. 
115th Illinois, Col. Jesse H. Moore. 



* Stationed at Whitesides, and not engaged. 



APPENDIX. 



349 



84th Indiana, Col. Nelson Trusler. 
22d Michigan:* 

Col. Heber Le Favour. 

Lieut. Col. William Sanborn. 

Capt. Alonzo M. Keeier. 
40th Ohio, Lieut. Col. William Tones. 
89th Ohio:* 

Col. Caleb H. Carlton. 

Capt. Isaac C. Nelson. 
Ohio Light Artillery, 18th Battery, Capt. Charles C. Aleshire. 

Second Brigade. 

Col. John G. Mitchell. 
78th Illinois: 

Lieut. Col. Carter Van VIeck. 
Lieut. George Green. 
98th Ohio: 

Capt. Moses J. Urquhart. 
Capt. Armstrong J. Thomas. 
113th Ohio, Lieut. Col. Darius B. Warner. 
121st Ohio, Lieut. Col. Henry B. Bannmg. 

1st Illinois Light Artillery, Battery M, Lieut. Thomas 
Burton. 



SECOND DIVISION (RESERVE CORPS). 

Brig. Gen. James D. Morgan.! 

Second Brigade. 

Col. Daniel McCook. 

85th Illinois, Col. Caleb ). Dilworth. 
86th Illinois, Lieut. Col. David W. Magee. 
125th Illinois, Col. Oscar F. Harmon. 
52d Ohio, Maj. James T. Holmes. 
69th Ohio,* Lieut. Col. Joseph H. Brigham. 
2d Illinois Light Artillery, Battery I, Capt. Charles M. 
Barnett. 



CAVALRY CORPS. 
Brig. Gen. Robf.rt B. Mitchell. 

FIRST DIVISION CAVALRY CORPS). 

Col. Edward M. McCook. 

First Brigade. 

Col. Archibald P.Campbell. 

2d Michigan, Major Leonidas S. Scranton. 

9th Pennsylvania, Lieut. Col. Roswell M. Russell. 

1st Tennessee, Lieut. Col. James P. Brownlow. 



* Temporarily attached. 

t With other part of his division, guarding communications. 



35© SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT. I. V. I. 



Second Brigade. 

Col. Daniel M. Ray. 

2d Indiana, Maj. Joseph B. Presdee. 
4th Indiana, Lieut. Col. John T. Deweese. 
2d Tennessee, Lieut. Col. William R. Cook. 
1st Wisconsin, Col. Oscar H. La Grange. 
1st Ohio Light Artillery, Battery D (section). Lieut. Nathaniel 
M. Newell. 

Third Brigade. 

Col. Louis D. Watkins. 

4th Kentucky, Col. Wickliffe Cooper. 

5th Kentucky, Lieut. Col. William T. Hoblitzell. 

6th Kentucky, Maj. Louis A. Gratz. 



SECOND DIVISION (CAVALRY CORPS). 

Brig. Gen. George Crook. 

First Brigade. 

Col. Robert H. G. Minty. 

8d Indiana (battalion), Lieut. Col. Robert Klein. 
4th Michigan, Maj. Horace Gray. 
7th Pennsylvania, Lieut. Col. James J. Seibert. 
4th United States, Capt. James B. Mclntyre. 
Chicago Board of Trade Battery (one section), Capt. James H. 
Stokes. 

Second Brigade. 

Col. Eli Long. 

2d Kentucky, Col. Thomas P. Nicholas. 
1st Ohio: 

Lieut. Col. Yalentme Cupp. 
Maj. Thomas J. Patten. 
3d Ohio, Lieut. Col. Charles B. Seidel. 
4th Ohio, Lieut, Col. Oliver P. Robie. 

Chicago Board of Trade Battery (one section), Capt. James H. 
Stokes. 



APPENDIX. 35^^ 



ORGANIZATION OF THE ARMY OF TENNESSEE 

Gen. Braxton Bragg, C. S. Army, Commanding, 

AT THE 

BATTLE OF CHICKAMAUGA. 



ARMY OF TENNESSEE. 
Gen. Braxton Bragg. 

Escort. 

Capt. Guy Dreux. 

Dreux's Company, Louisiana Cavalry, Lieut. O. De Buis. 
Holloway's Company, Alabama Cavalry, Capt. E. M. HoUoway. 

RIGHT WING. 
Lieut. Gen. Leonidas Polk. 
Escort. 
Greenleaf's Company, Louisiana Cavalry, Capt. Leeds Greenleaf. 

POLK'S CORPS, 
Lieut. Gen. Leonidas Polk. 



CHEATHAM'S DIVISION (POLK'S CORPS). 

Maj. Gen. Benjamin Franklin Cheatham. 

Escort. 

Company G, 2d Georgia Cavalry, Capt. Thomas M. Merritt. 

Jackson's Brigade. 

Brig. Gen. John K. Jackson. 

1st Georgia (Confederate), 2d Battalion, Major James 

Clarke Gordon. 
5th Georgia, Col. Charles P. Daniel. ^^ ■ , ^ 

2d Georgia Battalion (Sharpshooters), Major Richard 

H. Whiteley. 
5th Mississippi: 

Lieut. Col. W. L. Sykes. 
Major John B. Herring. 
8th Mississippi, Col. John C. Wilkinson. 
Scrogin's (Georgia) Battery, Capt. John hcrogin. 



352 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



Maiiey'fi Brigade. 

Brig. Gen. George Maney. 

1st Tennessee, { ^^^_ ^^^^ -^ y-^^^_ 
27th Tennessee, ) 
4th Tennessee (Provisional Army): 
Col. James A. McMurry. 
Lieut. Col. Robert N. Lewis. 
Major Oliver A. Bradshaw. 
Capt. Joseph Bostick. 
6th Tennessse, ) ^^^^ ^^ ^ p^^ter. 

9th Tennessee, ) * 

24th Tennessee, Battalion Sharpshooters, Major Frank 

Maney. 
Smith's (Mississippi) Battery, Lieut. William B. 
Turner. 

Smith's Brigade. 

Brig. Gen. Preston Smith. 

Col. Alfred Jefferson Vaughan, Jr. 

11th Tennessee, Col. George W. Gordon. 
12th Tennessee, / ^^j^ William M. Watkins. 
47th Tennessee, \ 

13th Tennessee, I Col. Alfred Jefferson Vaughan, jr. 
154th Tennessee, \ Lieut. Col. R. W. Pitman. 
29th Tennessee, Col. Horace Rice. 
Dawson's Battalion* Sharpshooters: 
Major. J. W. Dawson. 
Major William Green. 
Major James Purl. 
Scott's (Tennessee) Battery: 

Lieut. John H. Marsh. 
Lieut. A. T. Watson. 
Capt. William L. Scott. 

Wright's Brigade. 

Brig. Gen. Marcus J. Wright. 

8th Tennessee, Col. John H. Anderson. 
16th Tennessee, Col. D. M. Donnell. 
28th Tennessee, Col. Sidney S. Stanton. 
38th Tennessee and Major Thomas B. Murray's 
(Tennessee) Battalion, Col. John C. Carter. 

51st Tennessee, |. Lieut. Col. John G. Hall. 

52d Tennessee, ) 

Carnes' (Tennessee) Battery, Capt. William W. Carnes. 

StrahVs Brigade. 
Brig. Gen. Otho F". Strahl. 

4th Tennessee, { ^^^j Jonathan J. Lamb. 

5th 1 ennessee, S •' 

19th Tennessee, Col. Francis M. Walker. 
24th Tennessee, Col. John A. Wilson. 



* Composed of two companies from the Eleventh Tennessee, two 
from the Iwelfth and Forty-seventh Tennessee (consolidated), and one 
from the One Hundred and Fifty-fourth Senior Tennessee. 



APPENDIX. 



353 



JJlst Tennessee, Col. Egbert E. Tansil. 
83d Tennessee, Col. Warner P. Jones. 
Stanford's (Mississippi) Battery, Capt. Thomas J. Stanford. 

HINUMAN'S DIVISION (POLKS COUPS). 

Maj. Gen. Thomas Carmichael Hindman. 
Brig. Gen. Patton Anderson. 

Escort. 
Lenoir's Company Alabama Cavalry, Capt. T. M. Lenoir. 

Anderson'ti Briynde. 

Brig. Gen. Patton Anderson. 
Col. J. H. Sharp. 

7th Mississippi, Col. W. H. Bishop. 
9th Mississippi, Maj. T. H. Lvnam. 
10th Mississippi, Lieut. Col. lames Barn 
41st Mississippi, Col. W. F. Tucker. 
44th Mississippi: 

Col. J. H. Sharp. 
Lieut. Col. R. G. Kelsey. 
9th Mississippi Battalion Sharpshooters, Maj. W. C Richards 
Garrity's (Alabama) Battery, Capt. James Garrity. 

Dens' Brigade. 

Brig. Gen. Zach. C. Deas. 

19th Alabama, Col. Samuel K. McSpadden. 
22d Alabama: 

Lieut. Col. John Weedon. 

Capt. Harry T. Toulmin. 
25th Ala^sama, Col. George D. Johnston 
39th Alabama, Col. Whitfield Clark. 
r)Oth Alabama, Col. J. G. Coltart. 

17th Alabama Battalion Sharpshooters, Capt. lames F. Nabers 
Dent's (Alabama) Battery (formerly (Robertson's), Capt S h' 
Dent. 

ManUja uWs Brujade. 

Brig. Gen. A. M. Manigault. 

24th Alabama, Col. N. N. Davis. 

28th Alabama, Col. John C. Reid. 

34th Alabama, Maj. John N. Slaughter. 

10th South Carolina, / ,- , , ,, ,, 

19th South Carolina, S •'^"^'^^ ^ ' ^^''^ssley. 

Waters' (Alabama) Battery, Lieut. Charles W. Watkins. 



HILL'S CORPS. 
Lieut. Gen. Daniel H. Hill. 



CLEBURNE'S DIVISION {HILL'S COKPS., 

Maj. Gen. Patrick R. Cleburne. 

Escort. 

Sander's Company Tennessee Cavalrv, Capt. C. F. Sanders 
23 



354 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



Wood's Brigade. 
Brig. Gen. S. A. M. Wood. 

16th Alabama: 

Maj. John H. McGaughy. 

Capt. Frederick A. Ashtord. 
33d Alabama, Col. Samuel Adams. 
45th Alabama, Col. E. B. Breedlove. 
18th Alabama Battalion: 

Maj. John H. Gibson. 

Col. Samuel Adams (33d Alabama). 
32d Mississippi, I (3^1 ^i p_ Lowrey. 
45th Mississippi, ) 
15th Mississippi Battalion Sharpshooters: 

Maj. A. T. Hawkins. 

Captain Daniel Coleman. 
Semple's Alabama Battery: 

Captain Henry C. Semple. 

Lieut. R. W. Golthwaite. 

Polk's Brigade. 
Brig. Gen. Lucius E. Polk. 

1st Arkansas, Col. John W. Colquitt. 

3d Confederate, ( ^^^ j ^_ ^^^^^^ 

5th Confederate, ) ■' 

2d Tennessee, Col. Wm. D. Robison. 
35th Tennessee, Col. Benj. J. Hill. 
48th Tennessee, Col. George H. Nixon. 
Calvert's (Arkansas) Battery, Lieut. Thomas J. Key. 

Beshler's Brigade. 

Brig. Gen. James Deshler. 
Col. Roger Q. Mills. 

19th Arkansas, ) ^ieut. Col. A. S. Hutchinson. • 
24th Arkansas, ) 
6th Texas Infantry, | ^^^ ^ q ^-^^^ 

0th Texas Infantry. Ljeu^enant Col. T. Scott Anderson. 
*15th Texas Cavalry, ) 
*\l'} :^exas Cavalry.! ^^^ ^ ^ ^^r-^^^^^ 

18th.Iexas Cavalry, I -, • , . ^„, i^u„ -r r^;* 

94th Tevac; Tavalrv ^Lieut. Col. John T. Colt. 

nr.i -r /-- 1 Ma. VVm. A. laylor. 

25th I exas Cavalry. J ^ -' 

Douglas' (Texas) Battery, Capt. James P. Douglas. 



BREt'KENKIDOES DIVISION (HILL'S CORPS). 

Maj. Gen. John C. Breckinridge. 

E'icort. 
Foules' Company Mississippi Cavalry, Capt. H.-L. Foules. 

Helm's Brigade. 

Brig. Gen. Ben. Hardin Helm. 
Col. Joseph H. Lewis. 



* Dismounted. 



APPENDIX. 355 



41st Alabama, Col. Martin L. Stansel. 
2d Kentucky: 

Lieut. Col. James W. Hewitt. 

Lieut. Col. James \V. Moss. 
4th Kentucky: 

Col. Joseph P. Nuckols. 

Maj. Thomas \V. Thompson. 
6th Kentucky: 

Col. Joseph H. Lewis. 

Lieut. Col. Martin H. Coffer. 
9th Kentucky: 

Col. John W. Caldwell. 

Lieut. Col. John C. Wickliffe. 
Cobb's (Kentucky) Battery, Capt. Robert Cobb. 

Adams' Brigade. 

Brig. Gen. Daniel W. Adams. 
Col. Randall Lee Gibson. 

32d Alabama, Maj. John C. Kimbell. 

^'i^\. T ^,..v ( ^ol- Randall Lee Gibson. 

Idth Louisiana, \ /- i t -71 

iiHtu T ^„,o; M Col. Leon von Zmken. 

^Uth Louisiana, / ^ ^ c- iv^r i-> u 

' ( Capt E. M. Dubroca. 

16th Louisiana, ) ,- , !-> • 1 /-- u 

25th Louisiana, \ C°'- ^^"'^1 ^''^^'- 

19th Louisiana: 

Lieut. Col. Richard W. Turner. 

Maj. Loudon Butler. 

Capt. H. A. Kennedy. 
14th Louisiana Battalion, Maj. J. E. Austin. 
Slocomb's (Louisiana) Battery, Capt. C. H. Slocomb, 
Grave's (Kentucky) Battery, Lieut. S. M. Spencer. 

StovaWs Brigade. 

Brig. Gen. Marcellus A. Stovall. 

1st Florida, / ^ , T,T-,r c t\\ ^u 
3rd Florida; \ C°'- William S. Dilworth. 

4th Florida, Col. W. L. L. Bowen. 
47th Georgia: 

Capt. William S. Phillips. 

Capt. Joseph S. Cone. 
60th North Carolina: 

Lieut. Col. James M. Ray. 

Capt. James Thomas Weaver. 
Mebane's (Tennessee) Battery, Capt. John W. Mebane. 



RfJtiEBVE CORPS. 
Maj. Gen. W. H. T. Walker. 

walkers division (WALKER'S CORPS). 

Brig. Gen. States Rights Gist. 
GisVs Brigade. 

Brig. Gen. States Rights Gist. 
Col. Payton H. Colquitt. 
Lieut. Col. Leroy Napier. 



356 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



46th Georgia : 

Col. Peyton H. Colquitt. 

Maj. A. M. Speer. 
8th Georgia Battalion : 

Lieut. Col. Lerov Napier. 

Maj. Z. L. Watters. 
16th South Carolina,* Col. James McCuUough. 
24th South Carolina : 

Col. Clement H. Stevens. 

Lieut. Col. Ellison Capers. 

Wilson's Brigade. 

Col. Claudius C. Wilson. 

25th Georgia, Lieut. Col. A. J. Williams. 
29th Georgia, Lieut. George R. McRae. 

>Oth Georgia, Lieut. Col. James S. Boynton. 

1st Georgia Battalion Sharpshooters, Maj. Arthur Shaaff. 

4th Louisiana Battalion, Lieut. Col. John McKnery. 

Ector's Brigade. 

Brig. Gen. Matthew Duncan Ector. 

Stone's Alabama Battalion Sharpshooters, Mai T. O. Stone. 
Pound's Mississippi Battalion Sharpshooters, Capt. AL Pound. 
29th North Carolina, Col. William B. Creasman. 
9th Texas, Col. William H. Young. 
10th Texas Cavalry,t Lieut. Col. C. R. Earp. 
14th Texas Cavalry ,t Col. J. L. Camp. 
32d Texas Cavalry.f Col. Julius A. Andrews. 

Artillery. 

Ferguson's (South Carolina) Battery,* Lieut. R.T. Beauregard. 
Howell's (Georgia) Battery (formerly Martin's), Capt. Evan P. 
Howell. 

LIDDELL'S DIVISION (WALKER'S CORPS). 

Ikig. Gen. St. John R. Liddell. 

LiddeWs Brigade. 

Col. Daniel C. Govan. 

2d Arkansas \ Lieut. Col. R. F. Harvey. 
15th Arkansas \ Capt. A. T. Meek. 
5th Arkansas / Col. L. Featherston. 
18th Arkansas \" Lieut. Col. John E. Murray. 
6th Arkansas [ Col. D. A. Gillespie. 
7th Arkansas \ Lieut. Col. Peter Snyder. 
8th Arkansas : 

Lieut. Col. George F. Baucum. 
Maj. A. Watkins. 
1st Louisiana (Regulars) : 

Lieut. Col. George F. Baucum. 
Maj. A. Watkins (8th Arkansas). 
Warren Light Artillerv( Mississippi Battery), Lieut. H. Shannon. 



* Not engaged; at Rome. t Serving as infantry. 



APPENDIX. 357 



WdlthaU's Bric/adi'. 
Brig. Gen. Edward Carv Walthall. 

24th Mississippi : 

Lieut. Col. R. P. McKelvaine. 

Maj. W. C. Staples. 

Capt. B. F. Toonier. 

Capt. J. D. Smith. 
27th Mississippi, Col. James A. Campbell. 
29th Mississippi, Col. William F. Brantly. 
80th Mississippi : 

Col. Junius I. Scales. 

Maj. James M.Johnson. 

Lieut. Col. Hugh A. Reynolds. 
34th Mississippi : 

Maj. William G. Pegram. 

Capt. H. J. Bowen. 

Lieut. Col. Hugh A. Reynolds (80th Mississippi) 
Fowler's (Alabama) Battery, Capt. William H. Fowler. 



LEFT WING. 
Lieut. Gen. James Longstreet. 

B UCKNER ■ S C ORP^. 
Maj. Gen. Simon Bolivar Buckner. 

— Exciirt. 

Clark's Company Tennessee Cavalry, Capt. J. W. Clark. 



STEvVARTS DIVISION BUCKNER'S CORPS). 

Maj. Gen. Alexander P. Stewart. 

Bate's Brigade. 

Brig. Gen. W^illiam Brimage Bate. 

58th Alabama, Col. I^ushrod Jones. 
87th Georgia: 

Col. A. F. Rudler. 

Lieut. Col. Joseph T. Smith. 
4th Georgia Battalion Sharpshooters: 

Maj. T. D. Caswell. 

Capt. B. M. Turner. 

Lieut. Joel Towers. 

15th Tennessee. \ f "'• ^\^: T/'f[- h, v 

37th Tennessee L'^^^-T.^^ti'V 17 ^^^ 
' ( Capt. R. I\L Tankesley. 

20th Tennessee: 

Col. Thomas B. Smith. 

Maj. W. M. Shy. 
Eufaula Ar.illery (Alabama Battery), Capt. McDonald Oliver. 



358 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



Clayton's Brigade. 
Brig. Gen. Henry D. Clayton. 

18th Alabama: 

Col. J. T. Holtzclaw. 

Lieut. Col. R. F. Inge. 

Maj. P. F. Hunley. 
36th Alabama, Col. Lewis T. Woodruff. 
38th Alabama, Lieut. Col. A. R. Lankford. 
1st Arkansas Battery, Capt. John T. Humphreys. 

Brown's Brigade. 

Brig. Gen. John C. Brown. 
Col. Edmund C. Cook. 

18th Tennessee: 

Col. Joseph B. Palmer. 

Lieut. Col. William R. Butler. 

Capt. Gideon H. Lowe. 
26th Tennessee: 

Col. John M. Lillard. 

Maj. Richard M. Saffell. 
32d Tennessee: 

Col. Edmund C. Cook. 

Capt. Calaway G. Tucker. 
45th Tennessee, Col. Anderson Searcy. 
23d Tennessee Battalion: 

Maj. Tazewell W. Newman. 

Capt. W. P. Simpson. 
T. H. Dawson's (Georgia) Battery, Lieut. R. W. Anderson. 



PRESTONS DIVISION (BUCKNER'S CORPS). 

Brig. Gen. William Preston. 

Grade's Brigade. 

Brig. Gen. Archibald Gracie, Jr. 

43d Alabama, Col. Young M. Moody. 
1st Alabama Battalion:* 

Lieut. Col. John H. Holt. 

Capt. George W. Huguley. 
2d Alabama Battalion:* 

Lieut. Col. Boiling Hall, Jr. 

Capt. W. D. Walden. 
3d Alabama Battalion,* Maj. John W. A. Sanford. 
4th Alabama Battalion,! Maj. John D. McLennan. 
63d Tennessee: 

Lieut. Col. Abraham Fulkerson. 

Maj. John A. Aiken. 



* Hilliard Legion. 

t Artillery Battalion, Hilliard's Legion, serving as infantry. 



APPENDIX. 



359 



Third Brigade. 

Col. John H. Kelly. 

65th Georgia, Col. R. H. Moore. 

5th Kentucky, Col. H. Hawkins. 
58th North Carolina, Col. John B. Palmer. 
63d Virginia, Maj. James M. French. 

Trigys Brigade. 

Col. Robert C. Trigg. 

1st Florida Cavalry (dismounted). Col. G. Troup Maxwell 
6th Florida, Col. J. |. Finiey. 
7th Florida, Col. R6bert Bullock. 
54th Virginia, Lieut. Col. John J. Wade. 

Artillery Battalion. 

Maj. A. Leyden. 

Jeffress' (Virginia) Battery, Capt. William C. Jeffress. 
Peeples' (Georgia) Battery, Captain Tyler M. Peeples. 
Wohhm's (Georgia) Battery, Capt. Andrew M. Wolihin. 



RESERVE CORPS ARTILLERY. 

Maj. Sa.muel C. Williams. 

Baxter's (Tennessee) Battery. Capt. Edmund D. Baxter. 
Darden's (Mississippi) Battery, Capt. Putnam Darden. 
Kolb's (Alabama) Battery, Capt. R. F. Koib. 
McCants' (Florida) Battery, Capt. Robtrt P. McCants. 



LONGSTREET'S CORPS* illOOU'S). 
Maj. Gen. John B. Hood. 

McLAWS division (HOOD'S CORPS). 

Brig. Gen. Joseph Brevard Kershaw. 
Maj. Gen. Lafayette McLaws. 

Kershaw'x Brigade. 

Brig. Gen, Joseph Brevard Kershaw. 

2d South Carolina, Lieut. Col. Franklin Gaillard. 
3d South Carolina, Col. James D. Nance. 
7th South Carolina: 

Lieut. Col. Elbert Bland. 

Maj. John S. Hard. 

Capt. E. J. Goggans. 
8th South Carolina, Col. John W. Henagan. 
15th South Carolina, Col. Joseph F. Gist. 
3d South Carolina Battalion, Captain Joshua M. Townsend. 



*Army of Northern Virginia. Organization taken from return of 
that army for August 31, 1863. Pickett's Pivision was left in Virginia. 



360 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT I. V. I. 



Humphreiis' Brigade. 

Brig. Gen. Benjamin G. Humphreys. 

13th Mississippi, Lieut. Col. Kennon McElroy. 
17th Mississippi, Lieut. Col. John C. Fiser. 
18th Mississippi, Capt. W. F. Hubbard. 
21st Mississippi, Lieut. Col. D. N. Moody. 

Wofford^s Brigade* 

Brig. Gen. William T. Wofford. 

16th Georgia, Col. Henry P. Thomas. 

18th Georgia, Col. S. Z. Ruff. 

24th Georgia. Col. Robert McMillan. 

3d Georgia Battalion Sharpshooters, Col. N. B. Hutchins, Jr. 

Cobb's (Georgia) Legion, Lieut. Col. Luther J. Glenn. 

Phillips (Georgia) Legion, Lieut. Col. E. S. Barclay. 

Bryan's Brigade* 

Brig. Gen. Goode Bryan. 

10th Georgia, Col. John B. Weems. 
50th Georgia, Col. Peter McGlashan. 
51st Georgia, Col. Edward Ball. 
53d Georgia, Col. James P. Simms. 



HOOD'S DIVISION (HOOD'S CORPS). 

Maj. Gen. John B. Hood. 

Brig. Gen. Evandkr McIver Law. 

Jenkins' Brigade.'^ 

Brig. Gen. Micah Jenkins. 

1st South Carolina, Col. Franklin W. Kilpatrick. 
2d South Carolina Rifles, Col. Thomas Thomson. 
5th South Carolina, Col. A. Coward. 
6th South Carolina, Col. John Bratton. 
Hampton Legion, Col. Martin W. Gary. 
Palmetto Sharpshooters, Col. Joseph Walker. 

Robertson' s Brigade.X 

Brig. Gen. Jerome B. Robertson. 
Col. Van H. Manning. 

3rd Arkansas, Col. Van H. Manning. 
1st Texas, Capt. R. J. Harding. 
4th Texas: 

Col. John P. Bane. 

Capt. R. H. Bassett. 



* Did not reach Chickamauga, but was with Longstreet at Chatta- 
nooga and Knoxville. 

t Did not arrive in time to take part in the battle. 

J Served part of the time in Johnson's provisional division. 



APPENDIX. ^6 1 



5th Texas: 

Maj. J. C. Rogers. 
Capt. J. S. Cleveland. 
Capt. T. T. Clay. 

Taiic'k Britjudc. 

Brig. Gen. Evander McIver Law. 
Col. James L. Shefeield. 
Col. W. C. Gates. 

4th Alabama, Col. Pinckney D. Bowles. 
15th Alabama, Col. W. C. Gates. 
44th Alabama, Col. William F. Ferry. 
47th Alabama, Maj. )ames M. Campbell. 
48th Alabama, Lieut." Col. William M. Hardwick. 

An der.son\'i Brigade* 
Brig. Gen. George T. Anderson. 

7th Georgia, Col. W. W. White. 

8th Georgia, Col. John R. Towers. 

9th Georgia. Col. Benjamin Beck. 
11th Georgia, Col. F. H. Little. 
59th Georgia, Col. Jack Brown. 

Ben/iit^g's Brigade. 
Brig. Gen. Henry L. Benning. 

2d Georgia: 

Lieut. Col. William S. Shepherd. 

Maj. W. W. Charlton. 
15th Georgia: 

Col. Dudley IVL DuBose. 

Maj. P. J. Shannon. 
17th Georgia, Lieut. Col. Charles W. Matthews. 
20th Georgia, Col. J. D. Waddell. 



JOHNSONS DIVISIOX+ (HOODS CORPS) 

Brig. Gen. Bishrod R. Johnson. 

Gregg's Jirigade. 

Brig. Gen. John Gregg. 
Col. CvRus A. Sugg. 

3d Tennessee, Col. Calvin H. Walker. 
10th Tennessee, Col. William Grace. 
30th Tennessee: 

Lieut. Col. James J. Turner. 
Capt. Charles .S. Douglass. 
41st Tennessee, Lieul. Col. James D.Tillma 



* Did not arrive in time to take part in the battle. 

t A provisional organization, embiacing Johnson's and part of the 
time Robertson's Brigades, as well as Gregg's and McNair's. Septem- 
ber 19, attached to Longstreet's Corps, under Major-General Hood. 



362 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



50th Tennessee: 

Col. Cyrus A. Sugg. 

Lieut. Col. Thomas W. Beaumont. 

Maj. Christopher W. Robertson. 

Col. Calvin H. Walker (3d Tennessee). 
1st Tennessee Battalion: 

Maj. Stephen H. Colms. 

Maj. Christopher W. Robertson (50th Tennessee). 
7th Texas: 

Col. H. B. Granbury. 

Maj. K. M. Vanzandt. 
Bledsoe'sHMissouri Battery, Lieut. R. L. Wood. 

McNair's Brigade. 

Brig. Gen. EvANDER McNair. 
Col. David Coleman. 

1st Arkansas Mounted Rifles, Col. Robert W. Harper. 

2d Arkansas Mounted Rifles, Col. James A. Williamson. 
25th Arkansas, Lieut. Col. Eli Hufstedler. 

4th and 81st Arkansas and 4th Arkansas Battalion (consoli- 
dated), Maj. J, A. Ross. 
39th North Carolina, Col. David Coleman. 
Culpeper's (South Carolina) Battery, Capt. James F. Culpeper. 

Johnson' a Brigade. 

Brig. Gen. Bushrod R. Johnson. 
Col. John S. Fulton. 

17th Tennessee, Lieut. Col. Watt W. Floyd. 
23d Tennessee, Col. R. H. Keeble. 
25th Tennessee, Lieut. Col. R. B. Snowden. 
44th Tennessee: 

Lieut. Col. John S. McEwen, Jr. 
Maj. G. M. Crawford. 
Company E, 9th Georgia Artillery Battalion (Billington W. 
York's Battery), Lieut. William S. Everett. 



CORPS ARTILLERY* (LONGSTREET'S). 

Col. E. Porter Alexander. 

Fickling's (South Carolina) Battery. 
Jordan's (Virginia) Battery. 
Moody's (Louisiana) Battery. 
Parker's (Virginia) Battery. 
Taylor's (Virgmia) Battery. 
Woolfolk's (Virginia) Battery. 

RESERVE ARTILLERY. 

Maj. Felix H. Robertson. 

Barret's (Missouri) Battery, Capt. Overton W. Barret. 
Havis' .(Georgia) Battery, Capt. M. W. Havis. 
Lumsden's (Alabama) Battery, Capt. Charles L. Lumsden. 
Massenburg's (Georgia) Battery, Capt. T. L. Massenburg. 



* Did not arrive in time for the battle. 



APPENDIX. 36^ 



FORREST'S CORPS ( CA VA LR Y). 

Brig. Gen. Nathan Bkdford Forrest. 

Kscort. 

Jackson's Company Tennessee Cavalry, Capt. J. C. Jackson. 

AHMSTUONGS DIVISION. 

Brig. Gen. Frank C. Armstrong. 

Annxtroiu/'fi Brigade. 

Col. James T. Wheeler. 

3d Arkansas, Col. A. W. Hobson. 

2d Kentucky, Lieut. Col. Thomas G. Woodward. 

6th Tennessee, Lieut. Col. James H. Lewis. 

18th Tennessee Battalion, Maj. Charles McDonald. 

Forrest' X Br if/a dc. 
Col. George G. Dibrell. 

4th Tennessee, Col. William S. McLemore. 

8th Tennessee, Capt. Hamilton McGinnis. 

9th Tennessee, Col. Jacob B. Biffle. 
10th Tennessee, Col. Nicholas Nickleby Cox. 
11th Tennessee, Col. Daniel Wilson Holman. 
Shaw's Battalion, O. P. Hamilton's Battalion and R. D. Allison's 

Squadron (consolidated), Maj. Joseph Shaw. 
Huggins' (Tennessee) Battery (formerly Freeman's), Capt. A. 

L. Huggins. 
Morton's (Tennessee) Battery, Capt. John W. Morton, Jr. 

pegram's division.-^ 

Brig. Gen. John Pegram. 

Darid-'ion's Brif/dde. 
Brig. Gen. H. B. Davidson. 

1st Georgia, Col. J. J. Morrison. 

6th Georgiii, Col. John R. Hart. 

6th North Carolina, Col. George N. Folk. 

Rucker's 1st Tennessee Legion, Col. E. \V. Rucker (12th Ten- 
nessee Battalion, Maj. G. W. Day, and 16th Tennessee 
Battalion, Capt. John Q. Arnold). 

Huwald's Tennessee Battery, Capt. Gustave A. Huwald. 

Scutfn Briyadr. 

Col. John S. Scott. 

10th Confederate, Col. C. T. Goode. 

Detachment of John H. Morgan's command, Lieut. Col. R. ^L 
Martin. 



*Takenfrom Pegram's and Scott's reports and assignments. 



364 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



1st Louisiana, Lieut. Col. James O. Nixon. 
2d Tennessee, Col. H. M. Ashby. 
5th Tennessee, Col. George W. McKenzie. 
N. T. N. Robinson's (Louisiana) Battery (one section), Lieut. 
Winslow Robinson. 



WHEELERS COB PS (CAVALRY). 
Maj. Gen. Joseph Wheeler. 

AVHARTOMS DIVISION. 

Brig. Gen. John A. Wharton. 

First Brigade. 

Col. C. C. Crews. 

Malone's (Alabama) Regiment, Col. J. C. Malone, Jr. 
2d Georgia, Lieut. Col. K. M. Ison. 
8d Georgia, Col. R. Thompson. 
4th Georgia, Col. Isaac W. Avery. 

Second Brigade. 
Col. Thomas Harrison. 

3d Confederate, Col. W. N. Estes. 

1st Kentucky, Lieut. Col. J. W. Griffith. 

4th Tennessee, Lieut. Col. Paul F. Anderson. 

8th Texas, Lieut. Col. Gustave Cook. 
11th Texas, Col. G. R. Reeves. 
White's (Tennessee) Battery, Capt. B. F. White, Jr. 



MARTIN'S division. 

Brig. Gen. William T. Martin. 

First Brigade. 

Col. John T. Morgan. 

1st Alabama, Lieut. Col. D. T. Blakey. 
3d Alabama, Lieut. Col. T. H. Mauldin. 
51st Alabama, Lieut. Col. M. L. Kirkpatrick. 
8th Confederate, Lieut. Col. John S. Prather. 

Second Brigade. 
Col. A. A. Russell. 
4th'Alabama (Russell's Regiment), Lieut. Col. J. M. Ham- 
brick. 
1st Confederate, Capt. C. H. Conner. 
J. H. Wiggins' (Arkansas) Battery, Lieut. J. P. Bryant. 



APPENDIX. 



365 



rxiox AM) (o\i-i:i)i<R.\ri-: orcaxizatioxs 

C H I C K .^ M ^ U Cx A 

Sept. 19 and 20, 1863. 



KOSECRANS 


BRAGG 


States 








1 


States 


>> 

B 

n 


> 

sS 




< 


3 

e 


Indiana 

Illinois 

Kansas 

Kentucky. ... 
Michigan .... 
Minnesota — 

Ohio 

Pennsylv'nia 
Tennessee 


26 

28 
1 

13 
4 
1 

42 
3 

"4 

5 
2 


3 

2 

'3' 

2 
2 

1 
1 


8 

5 

"2 

1 

10 

1 

"4" 
3 

1 


37 

33 
1 

17 
8 
2 

55 
6 
2 
9 
9 
3 


Alabama .... 
Arkansas. . . . 
Confd.Reg'rs 

Florida 

Georgia 

Kentucky . . . 
Louisiana. . . 
Mississippi... 
Missouri 


23 

12 
1 
5 

12 
5 
4 

17 


5 
1 
4 

'"s' 

2 

1 


8 
3 

1 
7 

2 

3 

4 

2 

.... 

8 
1 
1 


36 
16 

5 
6 

24 
9 
8 

21 
9 


U. S. Regul's 
Wisconsin.. .. 
Missouri 


N. Carolina.. 
S. Carolina.. 
Tennessee.. . 

Texas 

Virginia 

Total 


4 

7 

36 

10 

2 


1 

'12' 

2 


5 

8 

56 

13 












3 














Total 


129 


18 


35 


182 


138 


33 


41 


212 



366 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



ORGANIZATION OF THE FORCES 

Under Command of Maj. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant, U. S. Army, 
engaged in the 

BATTLES ABOUT CHATTANOOGA 

November 23, 24 and 25, 1868. 



Roster compiled by Hon. J. W. Kirkle.v, Board of Publleatiou of War Records. 



ARMY OF THE CUMBERLAND. 

Maj. Gen. Geo. H. Thomas. 
Gen era I Ilea dq uarters. 

1st Ohio Sharpshooters, Capt. Gershom M. Barber. 
10th Ohio Infantry, Lieut. Col. WilHam M. Ward. 



FOURTH ARMY CORPS. 
Maj. Gen. Gordon Granger. 

FIRST DIVISION (FOURTH CORPS).* 

Brig Gen. Charles Cruet. 

E.vort. 
92d lUinois, Company E, Capt. Mathew Van Buskirk. 

Second Brigade. 
Brig. Gen. Walter C. Whitaker. 

96th IlUnois: 

Col. Thomas E. Champion. 

Maj. George Hicks. 
35th Indiana, Col. Bernard F. Mullen. 
8th Kentucky, Col. Sidney M. Barnes. 
40th Ohio, Col. Jacob E. Taylor. 
51st Ohio, Lieut. Col. Charles H. Wood. 
99th Ohio, Lieut. Col. John E. Cummins. 



*The First Brigade and Battery M, 4th U. S. Artillery, Col. D. A. 
Enyart.commanding, at Bridgeport, Ala.; the One Hundred and Fifteenth 
Illinois and the Eighty-fourth Indiana, of the Second Brigade, and Fifth 
Indiana Battery, at Shellmound, Tenn., and the Thirtieth Indiana and 
Seventy-seventh Pennsylvania, of the Third Brigade, and Battery H, 
Fourth LI. S. Artillery, at Whitesides, Tenn. 



APPENDIX. 367 

Third llrtgndf. 
Col. W.M. (}kosic. ' 



59th Il.inois, Maj. Clayton Hale. 
75th Illinois, Col. John E. Bennett. 
84th Illinois, Col. Louis H. Waters. 
9th Indiana, Col. Isaac C. H. Suman. 
86th Indiana, Maj. Gilbert Trusler. 
'24th Ohio, Capt. George M. Bacon. 



SECOND DIVISION (FOURTH CORPS). 

Maj. Gen. Philip H. Sheridan. 

Ft'rxt Brujade. 
Col. Francis T. Sherman. 

36th Illinois: 

Col. Silas Miller.* 

Lieut. Col. Porter C. Olson. 
44th Illinois, Col. Wallace W. Barrett. 
78d Illinois, Col. James F. Jacquess. 
74th Illinois, Col. Jason Marsh. 
88th Illinois, Lieut. Col. George W. Chandler. 
'22d Indiana, Col. Michael Gooding. 
2d Missouri: 

Col. Bernard Laiboldt.* 

Lieut. Col. Arnold Beck. 
15th Missouri: 

Col. Joseph Conrad. 

Capt. Samuel Rexinger. 
24th Wisconsin, Major Carl von Baumbach. 

Second Brigadi'. 

Brig. Gen. George D. Wagner. 

100th Illinois, Maj. Charles M. Hammond. 
15th Indiana: 

Col. Gustavus A. Wood.- 

Maj. Frank White. 

Capt. Benjamin F. Hegler. 
40th Indiana, Lieut. Col. Elias Neff. 
51st Indiana.t Lieut. Col. John M. Comparet. 
57th Indiana, Lieut. Col. George W. Lennard. 
58th Indiana, Lieut. Col. Joseph Moore. 
2Hth Ohio, Lieut. Col. William H. Young. 
97th Ohio, Lieut. Col. Milton Barnes. 

Third Bri(/nde. 

Col. Charles G. Harker. 

22d Illinois, Lieut. Col. Francis Swanwick. 
27th Illinois, Col. Jonathan R. Miles. 



* Temporarily in command of a demi-brigade. 

t Between Nashville and Chattanooga en route to join brigade. 



368 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



42d Illinois: 

Col. Nathan H. Walworth* 

Capt. Edgar U. Swain. 
51st Illinois: 

Major Charles W. Davis. 

Capt. Albert M. Tilton. 
79th Illinois, Col. Allen Buckner. 
3d Kentucky, Col. Henry C. Dunlap. 
64th Ohio, Coi. Alexander Mcllvain. 
65th Ohio, Lieut. Col. William A. Bullitt. 
125th Ohio: 

Col. Emerson Opdycke.* 

Capt. Edward P. Bates. 

ArtUlerii. 

Capt. Warren P. Edgakton. 

1st Illinois Light, Battery M, Capt. George W. Spencer. 
10th Indiana Battery, Capt. William A. Naylor. 
1st Missouri Light, Battery G, Lieut. Gustavus Schueler. 
1st Ohio Light, Battery l,t Capt. Hubert Dilger. 
4th United States, Battery G,t Lieut. Christopher F. Merkle. 
5th United States, Battery H,t Capt. Francis L. Guenther. 



THIRD DIVISION (FOURTH CORPS). 

Brig. Gen. Thomas J. Wood. 

Firxt Brigade. 

Brig. Gen. August Willich. 

25th Illinois, Col. Richard H. Nodine. 
.35th Illinois, Lieut. Col. William P. Chandler. 
89th Illinois, Lieut. Col. William D. Williams. 
32d Indiana, Lieut. Col. Frank Erdelmeyer. 
68th Indiana: 

Lieut. Col. Haryey J. Espy. 

Capt. Richard L. Leeson. 
8th Kansas, Col. [ohn A. Martin. 
15th Ohio, Lieut. Col. Frank Askew. 
49th Ohio, Major Samuel F. Gray. 
15th Wisconsin, Capt. John A. Gordon. 

Second Brigade. 

Brig. Gen. William B. Hazen. 

6th Indiana, Major Calvin D. Campbell. 
5th Kentucky: 

Col. William W. Berry. 
Lieut. Col. John L. Treanor. 
6th Kentucky, Maj. Richard T. Whitaker. 
23d Kentucky, Lieut. Col. James C. Foy. 
1st Ohio: 

• Lieut. Col. Bassett Langdon. 
Maj. Joab A. Stafford. 



* Temporarily in command of a demi-brigade 
t Temporarily attached. 



APPENDIX. 36Q 



6th Ohio. Lieut. Col. Alexander C. Christopher 
41st Ohio: 

Col. Acjuiia Wiley. 
Lieut. Col. Robert L. Kimberly. 
93d Ohio: 

Maj. William Birch. 
Capt. Daniel Bowman. 
Capt. Samuel B. Smith. 
r24th Oliio, Lieut. Col. James Pickands. 

Third Brifjadt. 

Brig. Gen. Sa.muel Beatty. 

79th Indiana, Col. Frederick Knefler. 
Wnh Indiana, Col. George F. Dick. 
9th Kentucky, Col. George H. Cram. 
17th Kentucky, Col. Alexander M. Stout. 
18th Ohio, Col. Dwight Jarvis, Jr. 
19th Ohio, Col. Charles F. Manderson. 
/)9th Ohio, Maj. Robert J. VanosdoU. 

Artillery. 

Capt. CuLLEN Bradley. 

Illinois Light, Bridges' Battery, Capt. Lyman Bridges 
tjth Ohio Battery, Lieut. Oliver H. P. Ayres 
•JUth Ohio Battery,* Capt. Edward Grosskopff 
Pennsylvania Light, Battery B, Lieut. Samuel M. McDowell 



FHWRTEENTII ARMY CORPS. 

-Maj. Gen. John M. Pal.mer. 

Escort. 
1st Ohio Cavalry, Company L, Capt. John D. Barkt 



FIRST DIVISION (FUl'RTEK.Vni roKFS). 

Brig. Gen. Richard \\^ Johnson. 

First Brigade. 
Brig. Gen. William P. Carlin. 
104th Illinois. Lieut. Col. Douglas Hapeman 
38th Indiana, Lieut. Col. Daniel F. Griffin. 
42d Indiana, Lieut. Col. William T. B. .Mclntire 
88th Indiana, Col. Cyrus E. Briant. 
2d Ohio, Col, Anson G. McCook. 
33d Ohio, Capt. James H. M. Montgomery. 
94th Ohio, Maj. Rue P. Hutchins. 
10th Wisconsin, Capt. Jacob W. Roby. 



Temporarily attached from Artillery Reserve. 
a4 



370 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



Second Brigade. 

Col. Marshall F. Moore. 
Col. William L. Stoughton. 

19th Illinois, Lieut. Col. Alexander W. Raffen. 

11th Michigan, Capt. Patrick H. Keegan. 

69th Ohio, Maj. James J, Hanna. 

15th United States, 1st Battalion, Capt. Henry Keteltas. 

15th United States, 2d Battalion, Capt. William S. McManus. 

16th United States, 1st Battalion, Maj. Robert E. A. Crofton. 

18th United States, 1st Battalion, Capt. George W. Smith. 

18th United States, 2d Battalion, Capt. Henry Haymond. 

19th United States, 1st Battalion, Capt. Henry S. Welton. 

Third Brigade* 

Brig. Gen. John C. Starkweather. 

24th Illinois, Col. Geza Mihalotzy. 

37th Indiana, Col. James S. Hull. 

21st Ohio, Capt. Charles H. Vantine. 

74th Ohio, Maj. Joseph Fisher. 

78th Pennsylvania, Maj. Augustus B. Bonnaffon. 

79th Pennsylvania, Maj. Michael H. Locher. 

1st Wisconsin, Lieut. Col. George B. Bingham. 
21st Wisconsin, Capt. Charles H. Walker. 

Artillery. 

1st Illinois Light, Battery C, Capt. Mark H. Prescott. 
1st Michigan Light, Battery A, Capt. Francis E. Hale. 
5th United States, Battery H,t Capt. Francis L. Guenther. 



SECOND division (FOURTEENTH CORPS). 

Brig. Gen. Jefferson C. Davis. 

First Brigade. 

Brig. Gen. Ja.mes D. Morgan. 

10th Illinois, Col. John Tillson. 

16th Illinois, Lieut. Col. James B. Cahill. 

60th Illinois, Col. William B. Anderson. 

21st Kentucky, Col. Samuel W. Price. 

10th Michigan, Lieut. Col. Christopher J. Dic^erson. 

14th Michigan, J Col. Henry R. Mizner. 

Second Brigade. 

Brig. Gen. John Beatty. 

34th Illinois, Lieut. Col. Oscar Van Tassell. 
78th Illinois, Lieut. Col. Carter Van Vleck. 



* During the engagement of the ?3d, 24th and 25th, was in line of 
battle holding fort and breastworks at Chattanooga. 

t Temporarily attached to Second Division, hourth Army Corps. 
X Detached at Columbia, Tenn. 



APPENDIX. 371 



8d Ohio,* Capt. Leroy S. Bell. 
98th Ohio, Maj. Jani-s M. Shane. 
108th Ohio, Lieut. Col. Carlo Piepho. 
113th Ohio, Maj. Lyne S. Sullivant. 
121st Ohio, Maj. John Yager. 

Third Brigade. 
Col. Daniel McCook. 

85th Illinois, Col. Caleb J. Dilworth. 

86th Illinois, Lieut. Col. David W. Magee. 
110th Illinois, Lieut. Col. E. Hibbard Topping. 
125th Illinois, Col. Oscar F. Harmon. 

52d Ohio, ^Iaj. James T. Holmes. 

Artillery. 

Capt. William A. Hotchkiss. 

2d Illinois Light, Battery I, Lieut. Henry B. Plant. 
Minnesota Light, 2d Battery, Lieut. Richard L. Dawley. 
Wisconsin Light, 5th Battery, Capt. George (2- Gardner. 



THIRD DIVISION (FOURTEENTH CORPS). 

Brig. Gen. Absalom Baird. 

Firnt Brigade. 

Brig. Gen. John B. Turchin. 

82d Indiana, Col. Morton C. Hunter. 
11th Ohio, Lieut. Col. Ogden Street. 
17th Ohio: 

Maj. Benjamin F. Butterfield. 

Capt. Benj. H. Showers. 
81st Ohio, Lieut. Col. Frederick W. Lister. 
86th Ohio, Lieut. Col. Hiram V . Devol. 
89th Ohio, Capt. John H. Jolly. 
92d Ohio: 

Lieut. Col. Douglas Putnam, Jr. 

Capt. Edward Grosvenor. 

Second Brigade. 

Col. Ferdinand V^an Derveer. 

75th Indiana, Col. Milton S. Robinson. 
87th Indiana, Col. Newell Gleason. 
101st Indiana, Lieut. Col. Thomas Doan. 
2d Minnesota, Lieut. Col. Judson W. Bishop. 
9th Ohio, Col. Gustave Kammerling. 
85th Ohio: 

Lieut. Col. Henry V. Boynton. 
Maj. Joseph L. Budd. 
105th Ohio, Lieut. Col. William R. Tolles. 



Detached at Kelly's Ferry, Tennessee River. 



372 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



Third Brigade. 

Col. Edward H. Phelps. 
Col. William H. Hays. 

10th Indiana, Lieut. Col. Marsh B. Taylor. 
74th Indiana, Lieut. Col. Myron Baker. 
4th Kentucky, Maj. Robt. M. Kelly. 
lOth Kentucky: 

Col. William H. Hays. 
Lieut. Col. Gabriel C. Wharton. 
18th Kentucky,* Lieut. Col. Hubbard K. Milward. 
14th Ohio, Lieut. Col. Henry D. Kingsbury. 
88th Ohio, Maj. Charles Greenwood. 

Artillery. 

Capt. George R. Swallow. 

Indiana Light, 7th Battery, Lieut. Otho H. Morgan. 
Indiana Light, 19th Battery, Lieut. Robert G. Lackey. 
4th United States, Battery I, Lieut. Frank G. Smith. 



CAVALRY.t 

Second Brigade (Second Dinsion). 

Col. Eli Long. 

98th Illinois (mounted infantry), Lieut. Col. Edward Kitchell 
17th Indiana (mounted infantry), Lieut. Col. Henry Jordan. 

2d Kentucky, Col. Thomas P. Nicholas. 

4th Michigan, Maj. Horace Gray. 

1st Ohio, Maj. Thomas J. Patten. 

Hd Ohio, Lieut. Col. Charles B. Seidel. 

4th Ohio (battalion), Maj. George W. Dobb. 
10th Ohio, Col. Charles C. Smith. 



ENGINEER TROOPS. 

Brig. Gen. William F. Smith. 

Engineers. 

1st Michigan Engineers (detachment), Capt. Perrin \'. Fox. 
18th Michigan Infantry, Maj. Willard G. Eaton. 
21st Michigan Infantry, Capt. Lcomis K. Bishop. 
22d Michigan Infantry, Maj. Henry S. Dean. 
18th Ohio infantry, Col. Timothy R. Stanley. 



* Detached at Brown's Ferry, Tenn. 

t Corps headquarters and the First and Second Brigades and 18th 
Indiana Battery, of the First Division, at and about Alexandria, Tenn.; 
the Third Brigade at Caperton's Ferry, Tennessee River. The First and 
Third Brigades, and the Chicago Board of Trade Battery, of the Second 
Division, at Maysville, Ala. 



APPENDIX. -yy. 



I'lONEKK HUIGADE. 

Col. George P. Buell. 
1st Battalion, Capt. Charles J. Stewart 
2d Battalion, Capt. Correil Smith, 
yd Battalion, Capt. William Clark. 

ARTILLERY RESERVE. 

Brig. Gen. John M. Brannan. 

FIRST DIVLSION. 

Col. Ja.mes Barnett. 
Firxt Brigade. 
Maj. Charles S. Cotter. 
1st Ohio Light, Battery B, Lieut. Norman A. Baldwm 
1st Ohio Light, Battery C, Capt. Marco B. Gary 
1st Ohio Light, Battery E, Lieut. Albert G. Ransom. 
1st Ohio Light, Battery F, Lieut. Giles J. Cockerill. 

Second Brigade. 

1st Ohio Light, Battery G, Capt. Alexander Marshall. 
1st Ohio Light, Battery M, Capt. Frederick Schultz. 
Ohio Light, 18th Battery, Lieut. Joseph McCafferty 
Ohio Light, 20th Battery.* Capt. Edward Grosskopff. 

SECOND DIVISION. 
First Brigade. 
Capt. JosiAH W. Church. 
1st Michigan Light, Battery D, Capt. Josiah W. Church 
1st Tennessee Light, Battery A, Lieut. Albert F. Beach 
Wisconsin Light. 3d Battery. Lieut. Hiram F. Hubbard' 
Wisconsin Light, 8th Battery, Lieut. Obadiah German 
Wisconsin Light, 10th Battery, Capt. Yates V. Beebe. ' 

Second Brigade. 
Capt. Arnold Sutermeister. 
Indiana Light, 4th Battery, Lieut. Henry J. Willits 
Indiana Light. 8th Battery, Lieut. George Estep 
Indiana Light, 11th Battery, Capt. Arnold Sutermeister. 
Indiana Light, 21st Battery, Lieut. W^illiam E. Chess. 
1st Wisconsin Heavy, Company C, Capt. John R. Davies. 

post of CHATTANOOGA. 

Col. John G. Parkhurst. 
44th Indiana, Lieut. Col. Simeon C. Aldrich. 
15th Kentucky, Maj. William G. Halpin. 
9th Michigan, Lieut. Col. William Wilkinson. 



* Temporarily attached to Third Division, Fourth Army Corps. 



374 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



DETACHMENT FROM ARMY OF THE POTOMAC. 



ELEVENTH AND TWELFTH ARMY CORPS. 

Maj. Gen. Joseph Hooker.* 

Provost- Ouard. 

10th Maine, 1st Battalion, Capt. John D. Beardsley. 

Escort. 

15th Illinois Cavalry, Company K, Capt. Samuel B. Sherer. 



ELEVENTH ARMY CORPS. 
Maj. Gen. Oliver O. Howard. 

GENERAL HEADQUARTERS. 
Independent Company, 8th New York Infantry, Capt. Anton Bruhn. 



SECOND DIVISION (ELEVENTH CORPS), 

Brig. Gen. Adolph von Steinwehr. 

First Brigade. 

Col. Adolphus Bushbeck. 

33d New Jersey, Col. Geo. W. Mindil. 
134th New York, Lieut. Col. Allen H. Jackson. 
154th New York, Col. Patrick H. Jones. 
27th Pennsylvania: 

Maj. Peter A. McAloon. 
Capt. August Riedt. 
73d Pennsylvania: 

Lieut. Col. Joseph B. Taft. 
Capt. Daniel F. Kelley. 
Lieut, Samuel D. Miller. 

Second Brigade. 

Col. Orland Smith. 

33d Massachusetts, Lieut. Col. Godfrey Rider, Jr. 
136th New York, Col. James Wood, Jr. 
55th Ohio, Col. Charles B. Gambee. 
73d Ohio, Maj. Samuel H. Hurst. 



* Maj. Gen. Joseph Hooker, commanding Eleventh and Twelfth Army 
Corps, had under his immediate command for the battle of Chattanooga: 

1st Division (Osterhaus'), 15th Corps. 

1st Division (Cruft's), 4th Corps. 

2d Division (Geary's), 12th Corps. 

1st Brigade (Carlin), 1st Division (Johnson), Hth'Corps. 



APPENDIX. 



375 



THIRD DIVISION (ELEVKNTII CORPS). 

Maj. Gen. Carl Schurz. 

First Briyade. 
Brig. Gen. Hector Tvndale. 
101st Illinois, Col. Charles H. Fox. 
45th New York, Maj. Charles Koch. 
14;3d New York, Col. Horace Boughton. 
61st Ohio, Col. Stephen J. McGroarty, 
82d Ohio, Lieut. Col. David Thompson. 

Sicond Brigade. 
Col. Wladimir Krzyzanowski. 

58th New York, Capt. Michael Esembaux. 
119th New York, Col. John T. Lockman. 
141st New York, Col. William K. Logie. 

26th Wisconsin, Capt. Frederick C. Winkler. 

Third Brigade. . 
Col. Frederick Hecker. 
80th Illinois, Capt. James Neville. 
82d Illinois, Lieut. Col. Edward S. Salomon. 
68th New York, Lieut. Col. Albert von Steinhausen. 
75th Pennsylvania, Maj. August Ledig. 

Artillerii. 
_ Maj. Thomas W. Osborn. 
1st New York Light, Battery I, Capt. Michael Weidrich 
New York Light, 13th Battery, Capt. William Wheeler. 
1st Ohio Light, Battery I,* Capt. Hubert Dilger. 
1st Ohio Light, Battery K, Lieut. Nicholas Sahm. 
4th United States, Battery G,* Lieut. Christopher F. Merkle. 



TWELFTH ARMY CORPS.\ 
Maj. Gen. Henry VV. Slocum. 



FIRST DIVISION (TWELFTH CORPS.) 

Brig. Gen. Alpheus S. Williams. 

First Brigade. 

Brig. Gen. Joseph F. Knipe. 

^5th Connecticut, Col. Warren W. Packer. 
20th Connecticut, Col. Samuel Ross. 



* temporarily attached to Second Division, Fourth Army Corps. 

T 1 he First Division engaged in guarding the Nashville and Chat- 
m"""^"* li ?^^ ^'"""^ Wartrace Bridge. Tenn., to Bridgeport, Ala., etc. 
Maj Uen. H W. Slocum, the corps commander, had his headquarters at 
1 ullahoma, Tenn. 



376 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



3d Maryland, Col. Joseph M. Sudsburg, 
128d New York, Lieut. Col. James C. Rogers. 
145th New York, Capt. Samuel T. Allen. 
46th Pennsylvania, Lieut. Col. William L. Foulk. 

Third Brigade. 

Brig. Gen. Thomas H. Ruger. 

27th Indiana, Col. Silas Colgrove. 
2d Massachusetts, Col. William Cogswell. 
13th New Jersey, Col. Ezra A. Carman. 
107th New York, Col. Nirom M. Crane. 
150th New York, Col. John H. Ketcham. 
3d Wisconsin, Col. William Hawley. 



SECOND DIVISION (TWELFTH CORPS). 

Brig. Gen. John W. Geary. 

First Brigade. 

Col. Charles Candy. 

Col. William R. Creighton. 

Col. Thomas J. Ahl. 

5th Ohio, Col. John H. Patrick. 
7th Ohio: 

Col. William R. Creighton. 
Lieut. Col. Orrin J. Crane. 
Capt. Ernst J. Krieger. 
29th Ohio, Col. Wm. T. Fitch. 
66th Ohio: 

Lieut. Col. Eugene Powell. 
Capt. Thomas McConnell. 
28th Pennsylvania: 

Col. Thomas J. Ahl. 
Capt. John Flynn. 
147th Pennsylvania, Lieut. Col. Ario Pardee, |r. 

Second Brigade. 

Col. George A. Cobham, Jr. 

29th Pennsylvania, Col. William Rickards, Jr. 
109th Pennsylvania, Capt. Frederick L. Gimber. 
111th Pennsylvania, Col. Thomas M. Walker. 

Tldrd Brigade. 

Col. David Ireland. 

60th New York, Col. Abel Godard. 

78th New York, Lieut. Col. Herbert von Hammerstein 

102d New York, Col. James C. Lane. 

137th New York, Capt. Milo B. Eldredge. 

149th New York: 

Col. Henry A. Barnum. 

Lieu^ Col. Charles B. Randall. 



APPENDIX. 377 



Artillery. 
Major JOHN A. Reynolds. 

Pennsylvania Light, Battery E. Lieut. James D. 

McGill. 
Fifth United States, Battery K, Capt. Edmund C. 

Bainbridge. 



ARMY OF THE TENNESSEE. 

Maj. Gen. William T. Sherman.* 

FIFTEENTH ARMY CORPS.t 
Maj. Gen. Frank P. Blair, Jr. 



FIRST DIVISION (FIFTEENTH CORPS . 

Brig. Gen. Peter J. Osterhaus. 

Firxt Brigade. 
Brig. Gen. Charles R. Woods. 

13th Illinois: 

Lieut. Col. Frederick W. Partridge. 

Capt. George P. Brown. 
3d Missouri, Lieut. Col. Theodore Meumann. 
12th Missouri: 

Xol. Hugo Wangelin. 

Lieut. Col. Jacob Kaercher. 
17th Missouri, Col. John F. Cramer. 
27th Missouri, Col. Thomas Curley. 
29th Missouri: 

Col. James Peckhani. 

Major Philip H. Murphy. 
31st Missouri, Lieut. Col. Samuel P.Simpson. 
32d Missouri, Lieut. Col. Henry C. Warmoth. 
76th Ohio, Major Williard Warner. 

Second Brigade. 
Col. James A. Williamson. 

4th Iowa, Lieut. Col. George Burton. 

9th Iowa, Col. David Carskaddon. 
25th Iowa, Col. George A. Stone. 
26th Iowa, Col. Milo Smith. 
30th Iowa, Lieut. Col. Aurelius Roberts. 
3l3t Iowa, Lieut. Col. Jeremiah W. Jenkins. 

* General Sherman had under his immediate command at the battle 
of Chattanooga the Eleventh Corps and the Second Division, Fourteenth 
Corps, of the Army of the Cumberland; the Second and Fourth Divis- 
ions, Fifteenth Corps, and the Second Division, Seventeenth Corps 
Armv of the Tennessee. 

f Third Division, Brig. Gen. James M. Tuttle commanding, at Mem- 
phis, LaGrange, and Pocahontas, Tenn., not with corps. 



378 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V, I. 



Artillery. 

Capt. Henry H. Griffiths. 

Iowa Light, 1st Battery, Lieut. James M. Williams. 
2d Missouri Light, Battery F, Capt. Clemens 

Landgraeber. 
Ohio Light, 4th Battery, Capt. George Froehlich. 



SECOND DIVISION (FIFTEENTH CORPS). 

Brig. Gen. Morgan L. Smith. 

Fii'Kt Brigade. 

Brig. Gen. Giles A. S.mith. 
Col. Nathan W. Tupper. 

55th Illinois, Col. Oscar Malmborg. 
116th Illinois: 

Col. Nathan W. Tupper. 
Lieut. Col. James P. Boyd. 
127th Illinois, Lieut. Col. Frank S. Curtiss. 
6th Missouri, Lieut. Col. Ira Boutell. 
8th Missouri, Lieut. Col. David C. Coleman. 
57th Ohio, Lieut. Col. Samuel R. Mott. 
13th United States, 1st Battalion, Capt. Charles C. Smith. 

Second Brigade. 

Brig. Gen. Joseph A. J. Lightburn. 

83d Indiana, Col. Benjamin J. Spooner. 
30th Ohio, Col. Theodore Jones. 
37th Ohio, Lieut. Col. Louis von Blessingh. 
47th Ohio, Col. Augustus C. Parry. 
54th Ohio, Maj. Robert Williams, Jr. 
4th West Virginia, Col. James H. Dayton. 

Artillery. 

1st Illinois Light, Battery A, Capt. Peter P. Wood. 
1st Illinois Light, Battery B, Capt. Israel P. Rumsey. 
1st Illinois Light, Battery H, Lieut. Francis De Gress. 



FOURTH division (FIFTEENTH CORPS). 

Brig. Gen. Hugh Ewing. 

First Brigade. 

Col. John M. Loomis. 

26th Illinois, Lieut. Col. Robert A. Gillmore. 
90th Illinois : 

Col. Timothy O'Meara. 

Lieut. Col. Owen Stewart. 
12th Indiana, Col. Reuben Williams. 
100th Indiana, Lieut. Col. Albert Heath. 



APPENDIX. 379 



Secomf Brigade. 

Brig. Gen. John M. Corse. 
Col. Charles C. Walcutt. 

40th Illinois, Maj. Hiram W. Hall. 
103d Illinois, Col. Willard A. Dickerman. 
tith Iowa, Lieut Col. Alexander J. Miller. 
15th Michigan,* Lieut. Col. Austin E. Jaquith. 
46th Ohio : 

Col. Charles C. Walcutt. 
Capt. Isaac N. Alexander. 

Third Brigade. 

Col. Joseph R. Cockerill. 

48th Illinois, Lieut. Col. Lucien Greathouse. 
97th Indiana, Col. Robert F. Catterson. 
99th Indiana, Col. Alexander Fowler. 
53d Ohio, Col. Wells S. Jones. 
70th Ohio, Maj. William B. Brown. 

Artillery. 

Capt. Henry Richardson. 

1st Illinois Light, Battery F, Capt. John T. Cheney. 

1st Illinois Light, Battery I, Lieut. Josiah H. Burton. 

1st Missouri Light, Battery D, Lieut. Byron M. Callender. 



fiEVENTEENTH ARMY CORPS. 



(This was the only Division of this Corps at Chattanooga.) 
SECOND DIVISION (SEVENTEENTH CORPS). 

Brig. Gen. John E. Smith. 

First Brigade. 

Col. Jesse I. Alexander. 

63d Illinois, Col. Joseph B. McCown. 

48th Indiana, Lieut. Col. Edward J. Wood. 

59th Indiana, Capt. Wilford H. Welman. 

4th Minnesota, Lieut. Col. John E. Tourtellotte. 

18th Winconsin, Col. Gabriel Bouck. 



* Detached at Scottsborough, Ala. 



380 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



Second Brigade. 

Col. Green B. Raum. 
Col. Francis C. Deimling. 
Col. Clark R. Weaver. 

56th Illinois, Maj. Pinckney J. Welsh. 
17th Iowa : 

Col. Clark R. Wever. 

Maj. John F. Walden. 
10th Missouri : 

Col. Francis C. Deimling. 

Lieut. Col. Christian Happel. 

Col. Francis C. Deimling. 
24th Missouri, Company E, Capt. W^illiam W. McCammon. 
80th Ohio, Lieut. Col. Pren Metham. 

Third Brigade. 

Brig. Gen. Charles L. Matthies. 
Col. Benjamin D. Dean. 
Col. Jabez Banbury. 

93d Illinois: 

Col. Holden Putnam. 

Lieut. Col. Nicholas C. Buswell. 
5th Iowa : 

Col. Jabez Banbury. 

Lieut. Col. Ezekiel S. Sampson. 
10th Iowa, Lieut. Col. Paris P. Henderson. 
26th Missouri, Col. Benjamin D. Dean. 

Artillery. 

Capt. Henry Dillon. 

Cogswell's (Illinois) Battery, Capt. William Cogswell. 
Wisconsin Light, 6th Battery, Lieut. Samuel F. Clark. 
Wisconsin Light, 12th Battery, Capt. William Zickerick. 



APPENDIX. 381 



ORGANIZATION OF THE ARMY OF TENNESSEE 

General Hkaxtox Bragg, C. S. Army, Commandixc;, 
November 20, 1868. 

GENERA J. HE A 1) QUA II TEllS. 

1st Louisiana (Regulars) [Col. James Strawbridge]. 
1st Louisiana Cavalry [Maj. J. .\L Taylor]. 



DETACHMENT FROM THE ARMY OF NORTH- 
ERN VIRGINIA. 



I.OJSfGSTREET S ARMY CORPS* 
Lieut. Gen. James Longstreet. 



Mc'LAVVS' DIVISION (LON(iSTREETS ('OKI'S). 

Maj. Gen. Lafayette McLaws. 

Kerxh a/c' .s Brig a dc. 

2d South Carolina, Col. John D. Kennedy. 
3d South Carolina, Col. James D. Nance. 
7th South Carolina, Col. D. Wyatt Aiken. 
8th South Carolina, Col. John W. Henagan. 
I'Hh South Carolina, Col. Joseph F. Gist. 
M South Carolma Battalion, Lieut. Col. William (i. Rice. 

llumphrei/!i' Bvignde. 

13th Mississippi, Col. Kennon .McElroy. 
17th Mississippi, Col. William U. Holder. 
18th Mississippi, Col. Thomas NL Griffin. 
21st Mississipiii, Col. William L. Brandon. 

WoffonVx IJriyaiie. 

16th Georgia, Col. Henry P. Thomas. 
18th Georgia, Col. S. Z. Ruff. 
24th Georgia, Col. Robert McMillan. 
Cobb's Legion, Lieut. Col. Luther J. Glenn. 
Phillif)s' Legion, Lieut. Col. E. S. Barclay. 
3d Georgia Battalion Sharpshooters, Lieut. Col. N. L. 
Hutchins, Jr. 



* Detached November 4 for operations in east Tennessee. 



382 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



Bryan s Brigade. 

10th Georgia, Col. John B. Weems. 
50th Georgia, Col. Peter McGlashan. 
51st Georgia, Col. Eward Ball. 
53d Georgia, Col. James P. Simms. 

Artillery Battalion. 

Maj. Austin Leyden. 

Georgia Battery, Captain Tyler M. Peeples. 
Georgia Battery, Capt. Andrew M. Wolihin. 
Georgia Battery, Capt. Billington W. York. 



HOOD'S DIVISION (LONGSTKEET-8 CORPS). 

Maj. Gen. John B. Hood. 

Jenkins' Brigade^ 

1st South Carolina, Col. Franklin W. Kilpatrick. 

2d South Carolina Rifles, Col. Thomas Thomson. 

5th South Carolina, Col. A. Coward. 

Bth South Carolina, Col. John Bratton. 
Hampton (South Carolina) Legion, Col. Martin W. Gary. 
Palmetto (South Carolina) Sharpshooters, Col. Joseph Walker. 

Anderson's Brigade. 

7th Georgia, Col. W. W. White. 

8th Georgia, Col. John R. Towers. 

9th Georgia, Col. Benjamin Beck. 
Uth Georgia, Col. F. H. Little. 
59th Georgia, Col. Jack Brown. 

Benning's Brigade. 

2d Georgia, Col. Edgar M. Butt. 
15th Georgia, Col. Dudley M. DuBose. 
17th Georgia, Col. Wesley C. Hodges. 
20th Georgia, Col. J. D. Waddell. 

Robertson's Brigade. 

.3d Arkansas, Col. Van H. Manning. 
1st Texas, Col. A. T. Rainey. 
4th Texas, Col. J. C. G. Key. 
5th Texas, Col. R. M. Powell. 

Law's Brigade. 

4th Alabama, Col. Pinckney D. Bowles. 
1.5th Alabama, Col. William C. Oates. 
44ih Alabama, Col. William F. Perry. 
47th Alabama, Col. Michael J. Bulger. 
48th Alabama, Col. James L. Sheffield. 



AFFENUIX. 383 



Artillery Battalion. 

Col. E. PORTEK AlEXAN'DEK. 

South Carolina Battery, Capt. William W. Fickling. 
Virginia Battery, Capt. Tyler C. Jordan. 
Louisiana Battery, Capt. George V. Moody. 
Virginia Battery, Capt. William W. Parker. 
Virginia Battery, Capt. Osmond B. Taylor. 
Virginia Battery, Capt. Pichegru Woolfolk, Jr. 



HARDEE'S COUPS. 
Lieut. Gen. William J. Hardee. 



CHEATHAM-S DlVtSIOX HAKDEKS CUHI'S). 

Maj. Gen. B. F. Cheatham. 
Jackson' X Brigade. 

1st Georgia (Confederate), Maj. James C. Gordon 

5th Georgia, Col. Charles P. Daniel. 
47th Georgia,* Capt. J. J. Harper. 
65th Georgia,* Lieut. Col. Jacob W. Pearcy. 

2d Georgia Battalion Sharpshooters, Lieut. Col. Richard H. 
Whitely. 

5th Mississippi, Maj. John B. Herring. 

8th Mississippi, Maj. John F. Smith. 

Moore's Brigade. 

37th Alabama, Col. James F. Dowdell. 

40th Alabama, Col. John H. Higley. 

42d Alabama, Lieut. Col. Thomas C. Lanier. 

WaWt all's Brigade. 

24th and 27th Mississippi, Col. William F. Dowd. 
29th and 30th Mississippi, Capt. W. G. Reynolds. 
34th Mississippi, Col. Samuel Benton. 

Wright's Brigade. 

yth Tennessee, Col. John H. Anderson. 
16th Tennessee, Col. D. M. Donnell. 
28th Tennessee, Col. Sidney S. Stanton. 
38th Tennessee, Lieut. Col. Andrew D. Gwynne. 
51st and 52d Tennessee, Lieut. Col. John G. Hall. 
Murray's (Tennessee) Battalion, Lieut. Col. Andrew IX Gwy.ine. 

Artillery Battalion . 

Maj. Melancthon Smith. 

Alabama Battery, Capt. William H. Fowler. 

Florida Battery, Capt. Robert P. McCants. 

Georgia Battery, Capt. John Scogin. 

Mississippi Battery (Smith's), Lieut. William B. Turner. 



Assigned Xnvcmber 12, 1863. 



384 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 

t'LEBURNKS DIVISION (HARDEE'S CORPS), 

Maj. Gen. Patrick R. Cleburne. 

UddelVs Brigade. 

2d and 15th Arkansas, Maj. E. Warfield. 
5th and 13th Arkansas, Col. John E. Murray. 
6th and 7th Arkanas, Lieut. Col. Peter Snyder. 
8th Arkansas, Maj. Anderson Watkins. 
19th and 24th Arkansas,* Lieut. Col. A. S. Hutchison. 

Smith's Brigade. 

6th and 10th Texas Infantry and loth Texas (dismounted) 

Cavalry, Col. Roger Q. Mills. 
7th Texas.t Col. Hiram B. Granbury. 

17th, 18th, 24th and 25th Texas Cavalry (dismounted), Maj. 
William A. Taylor. 

Polk's Brigade. 

1st Arkansas. Col. John W. Colquitt. 
8d and 5th Confederate, Lieut. Col. J. C. Cole. 
2d Tennessee, Col. William D. Robison. 
85th and 48th Tennessee, Col. Benjamin J. Hill. 

Lowrey's Brigade. 

16th Alabama, Maj. Frederick A. Ashford. 
38d Alabama, Col. Samuel Adams. 
45th Alabama, Lieut. Col. H. D. Lampley. 
32d and 45th Mississippi, Lieut. Col. R. Charlton. 
15th Mississippi Battalion Sharpshooters, Capt. Daniel Cole- 
man, 

Artillery Battalion. 

Maj. T. R. HoTCHKiss. 

Arkansas Battery (Calvert's), Lieut. Thomas J. Key. 
Texas Battery, Capt. James P. Douglas. 

Alabama Battery (Semple's), Lieut. Richard W. Goldthwaite. 
Mississippi Battery (Swett's), Lieut. H. Shannon. 



STEVENSON'S DIVISION (HARDEE'S CORPS). 

Maj. Gen. Carter L. Stevenson. 

Brown's Brigade^ 

3d Tennessee,§ Col. Calvin H. Walker. 
18th and 26th Tennessee, Lieut. Col. William R. Butler. 

32d Tennessee, Capt. Thomas D. Deavenport. 
45th Tennessee and 23d Tennessee Battalion, Col. Anderson 
Searcy. 



* Transferred from Smith's brigade, November 12, 1863. 
t Transferred from Gregg's brigade, November 12, 1863.^ 
I Transferred from Stewart's division, November 12, 1863. 
§ In Gregg's brigade, October 31, 1863. 



APPENDIX. 



385 



Cu in minu's liricjade.^ 

34th Georgia, Col. J. A. W. Johnson. 

36th Georgia, Lieut. Col. Alexander M. Wallace. 

39th Georgia, Col. J. T. McConnell. 

r)()th Georgia, Lieut. Col. J. T. Slaughter. 

Pettus' Bngude.'\ 

20th Alabama, Capt. John W. Davis. 
23d Alabama, Lieut. Col. J. B. Bibb. 
30th Alabama, Col. Charles M. Shelley. 
31st Alabama, Col. D. R. Hundley. 
4Hth Alabama, Capt. George E. Brewer. 

Vaii(j}i It's l>rl(j(idi'.% 

3d Tennessee (Provisional Army). 
39th Tennessee. 
43d Tennessee. 
o9th Tennessee. 

. [rtilleri/ l]attulu)n.'6, 

Capt. Robert Cobb. 

Tennessee Battery, Capt. Edmund D. Baxter. 
Tennessee Battery, Capt. William VV. Carnes. 
Georgia Battery, Capt. Max. Van Den Corput. 
Georgia Battery, Capt. John B. Rowan. 



WXI.KKKS DIVISION (II.\RDEES CORPS). 

Maj. Gen. W. H. T. Walker. 

Mane if » P>i'i(iade.*\\ 

1st and 27th Tennessee, Col. Hume R. Feild. 

4th Tennessee (Provisional Army), Capt. Joseph Bostick. 

Mth and 9-th Tennessee, Lieut. Col. J. W. Buford. 

41st Tennessee,** Col. Robt. Farquharson. 

50th Tennessee,** Col. Cyrus A. Sugg. 

24th Tennessee Battalion Sharpshooters, I\Taj. Frank Maney. 



* Regimental commanders, not reported in original, are supplied 
from Stevenson's roster. 

t Reassigned to division November 12, 1863. 

:i: Note on original: "Exchanged prisoners; but few reported." 

<i According to Stevenson's return, his artillery balallion consisted at 
this date of Games', Corput's, and Rowan's batteries, and the 20th Ala- 
bama Battalion, viz: Company A, Capt. Winslow D. Emery; Company 
B, Capt. Richard H. Bellamy, and Company C, Capt. T. J. Key. 

II Transferred from Longstreet's corps November 12, 1863, and regi- 
ments of Gregg's brigade distributed to Bate's, Maney's, and Smith's 
brigades. 

Tl Transferred from Cheatham's division November 12, 1863. 
** ?>om Gregg's brigade. 
25 



386 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



Wilson's Brigade. 

26th Georgia, Col. Claudius C. Wilson. 

29th Georgia, Col. William J. Young. 

30th Georgia, Col. Thomas W. Mangham. 

26th Georgia Battalion, Maj. John W. Nisbet. 

1st Georgia Battalion Sharpshooters,* Maj. Arthur Shaaff. 

Gist's Briyade. 

46th Georgia, Lieut. Col. William A. Daniel. 
8th Georgia Battalion, Lieut. Col. Leroy Napier. 
16th South Carolina, Col. James McCullough. 
24th South Carolina, Col. Clement H. Stevens. 

Artillery Battalion. 

Maj. Robert Martin. 

Missouri Battery, Capt. Hiram M. Bledsoe. 
South Carolina Battery, Capt. T. B. Ferguson. 
Georgia Battery, Capt. Evan P. Howell. 



BRECKINRIDGE'S ARMY CORPS. 
Maj. Gen. John C. Breckinridge. 



•STEWART'S DIVISION (BRECKINRIDGES CORPS). 

Maj. Gen. Alexander P. Stewart. 

Adams' Brigade. 

13th and 20th Louisiana, Col. Leon von Zinken. 
16th and 25th Louisiana, Col. Daniel Gober. 
19th Louisiana, Col. W. P. Winans. 
4th Louisiana Battalion, Lieut. Col. John McEnery. 
14th Louisiana Battalion, Sharpshooters, Maj. J. E. Austin. 

Strahl's Brigade. 

4th and 5th Tennessee, Col. Jonathan J. Lamb. 
19th Tennessee, Col. Francis M. Walker. 
24th Tennessee, Col. John A. Wilson. 
31st Tennessee, Col. Egbert E. Tansil. 
33d Tennessee, Lieut. Col. Henry C. McNeill. 

Clayton's Brigade. 

18th Alabama, Maj. Shep. Ruftin. 
32d Alabama, Capt. John W. Bell. 
36th Alabama, Col. Lewis T. Woodruff. 
38th Alabama, Col. Charles T. Ketchum. 
■58th Alabama, Lieut. Col. John W. Inzer. 

StovaU's Brigade. 

40th Georgia, Col. Abda Johnson. 
41st Georgia, Col. William E. Curtiss. 
42d Georgia, Col. R. J. Henderson. 
43d Georgia, Col. Hiram P. Bell. 
52d Georgia, Maj. John J. Moore. 



* Assigned November 12, 1863. 



APPENDIX. 



387 



Artillery JiattuUvn. 

Capt. Henry C. Semple. 

Georgia Battery (Dawson's), Lieut. R. W. Anderson. 
Arkansas Battery (Humphrey's), Lieut. John W. Rivers 
Alabama Battery, Capt. McDonald Oliver. 
Mississippi Battery, Capt. Thomas J. Stanford. 

BRECKINRIDGE'S DIVISION (BRECKINRIDGE'S CORPS). 

Brig. Gen. William B. Bate. 
Lewis' Brigade. 

2d Kentucky, Lieut. Col. James W. Moss. 
4th Kentucky, Maj. Thomas W. Thompson. 
5th Kentucky, Col. H. Hawkins. 
6th Kentucky, Lieut. Col. VV. L. Clarke. 
9th Kentucky, Lieut. Col. John C. Wickliffe. 
John H. Morgan's dismounted men. 

Florida Brif/ade* 

1st and 3d Florida, Capt.W. T. Saxon. 

4th Florida, Lieut. Col. E. Badger. 

6th Florida, Col. Jessie J. Finley. 

7th Florida, Lieut. Col. Tillman Ingram. 

1st Florida Cavalry (dismounted), Col. G. Troup Maxwell. 

Bate's Brigade.^ 
37th Georgia, Col. A. F. Rudler. 

4th Georgia Battalion Sharpshooters, Lieut. Joel Towers. 
10th Tennessee,^ Col. William Grace. 
15th and 37th Tennessee, Lieut. Col. R. Dudley Frayser 
20th Tennessee, Maj. W. M. Shy. 
30th Tennessee,! Lieut. Col. James J. Turner. 

1st Tennessee Battalion,^ Maj. Stephen H. Colms. 

Artillery Battalion. 

Capt. C. H. Slocomb. 

Kentucky Battery (Cobb's), Lieut. Frank P. Gracey. 

Tennessee Battery, Capt. John W. Mebane. 

Louisiana Battery (Slocomb's), Lieut. W. C. D. VaufJ-ht. 



BUCKNER'S DIVISIONS (BRECKINRIDGE'S CORPS). 

Brig. Gen. Bushrod R. Johnson. 

JoJi n son 's Brigade. 
17th and 23d Tennessee, Lieut. Col. Watt W. Floyd. 
25th and 44th Tennessee, Lieut. Col. John L. McEwen, Jr. 
63d Tennessee, Maj. John A. Aiken. 



* Organized November 12, 1863. 

t Transferred from Stewart's division November 12, 1863. 
t Transferred from Gregg's brigade November 12, 1863. 
^ Detached November 22 for operation.s against Burnside in east 
Tennessee. Reynolds' brigade and the artillerv were recalled. 



388 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



Reynoldn' Brigade. 

68th North CaroHna, Col. John B. Palmer. 
60th North Carolina, Capt. James T. Weaver. 
54th Virginia, Lieut. Col. John J. Wade. 
t)3d Virginia, Maj. James M. French. 

Grade's Brigade. 

41st Alabama, Lieut. Col. Theodore G. Trimmier. 
43d Alabama, Col. Young M. Moody. 

1st Battalion, Alabama (Hilliard's) Legion, Maj. Daniel S. 
Troy. 

2d Battalion, Alabama (Hilliard's) Legion, Capt. John H, 
Dillard. 

3d Battalion, Alabama (Hilliard's) Legion, Lieut. Col. John 
W. A. Sanford. 

4th Battalion, Alabama (Hilliard's) Legion, Maj. John D. Mc- 
Lennan. 

Artillery Battalion. 

Maj. Samuel C. Williams. 

Mississippi Battery (Darden's), Lieut. H. W. Bullen. 
Virginia Battery, Capt. William C. Jeffress. 
Alabama Battery, Capt. K. F. Kolb. 

HIXDMANS DIVISION (BRECKINRIDGE'S CORPS). 

Brig. Gen. Patton Anderson. 
Anderson fi Brigade. 

7th Mississippi, Col. William H. Bishop. 

9th Mississippi, Maj. Thomas H. Lynam. 
10th Mississippi, Capt. Robert A. Bell. 
41st Mississippi, Col. W. F. Tucker. 
44th Mississippi, Lieut. Col. R. G. Kelsey. 

9th Mississippi Battalion Sharpshooters, Capt. W. W. Tucker 

Manigault's Brigade. 

24th Alabama, Col. N. N. Davis. 

28th Alabama, Maj. W. L. Butler. 

34th Alabama, Maj. John N. Slaughter. 

10th and 19th South Carolina, Col. James F. Pressley. 

Deas' Brigade. » 

19th Alabama, Col. Samuel K. McSpadden. 

22d Alabama, Capt. Harry T. Toulmin. 

25th Alabama, Col. George D. Johnson. 

39th Alabama, Col. Whitfield Clark. 

50th Alabama, Col. J. G. Coltart. 

17th Alabama Battalion Sharpshooters, Capt. James F. Nabers. 

VaugJKDi's Brigade. 

11th Tennessee, Col. George W. Gordon. 
12th and 47th Tennessee, Col. William M. Watkins. 
13th and 154th Tennessee, Lieut. Col. R. W. Pitman. 
29th Tennessee, Col. Horace Rice. 



APPKNDIX. 389 



ArtiUery Battalion. 

Maj. Alfred R. Couktnkv. 

Alabama Battery, Capt. S. H. Dent. 
Alabama liattery, Capt. James Garrity. 
Tennessee Battery (Scott's), Lieut. John Doscher. 
Alabama Battery (Water's), Lieut. William P. Hamilton. 



WITEFJ.ER'S CAVA LEY ('ORPS/' 
Maj. Gen. Josf.I'H Wheeler, 

WHAUTONS DIVISION (WIIKELEK'S CORPS . 

Maj. Gen. John A. Wharton. 

First Brigade. 

Col. Thomas Harrison. 

3d Arkansas, Lie.,t. Col. M. J. Henderson. 
65th North Carolina (6th Cavalry), Col. George N. Folk. 

8th Texas, Lieut. Col. Gustave Cook. 
11th Texas, Lieut. Col. J. M. Bounds. 

Second Brigade. 

Brig. Gen. Henry B. Davidson. 

1st Tennessee, Col. James E. Carter. 
2d Tennessee, Col. Henry M. Ashby. 
4th Tennesiee, Col. William S. McLemore. 
6th Tennessee, Col. James T. Wheeler. 
11th Tennessee, Col. Daniel W. Holman. 



MARTIN'S DIVISION (WHEELER'S CORPS). 

Maj. Gen. William T. Martin. 

First Brigade. 

Brig. Gen. John T. Morgan. 

1st Alabama, Lieut. Col. D. T. Blakey. 

3d Alabama, Lieut. Col. T. H. Mauldin. 

4th Alabama (Russell's), Lieut. Col. J. M. Hambnck. 
Malone's (Alabama) Regiment, Col. James C. Malone, Jr. 
51st Alabama, Capt. M. L. Kirkpatnck. 

Second Brigade. 

Col. J. J. Morrison. 

1st Georgia, Lieut. Col. S. W. Davitte. 
2d Georgia, Lieut. Col. F. M. Ison. 
3d Georgia, Lieut. Col. R. Thompson. 
4th Georgia, Col. Isaac W. Avery. 
6th Georgia, Col. John R. Hart. 



*The First Brigade of Wharton's division, Martin's division, Arm- 
strong's division (the Fifth Tennessee excepted), and all the artillery (ex- 
cept Huwald's battery), detached under Wheeler's command. 



390 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V, I. 

ARMSTRONGS DIVISION (WHEELER'S CORPS). 

Brig. Gen. Frank C. Armstrong. 

First Brigade. 

Brig. Gen. William Y. C. Humes. 

4th Tennessee (Baxter Smith's), Lieut. Col. Paul F. Anderson. 
6th Tennessee, Col. George VV. McKenzie. 
8th Tennessee, (Dihrell's). 
9th Tennessee, Col. Jacob B. Biffle. 
10th Tennessee, Col. Nicholas N. Cox. 

Second Brigade. 

Col. C. H. Tyler. 

Clay's (Kentucky) Battalion, Lieut. Col. Ezekiel F. Clay. 
Edmundson's (Virginia) Battalion, Maj. .S. P. McConnell. 
Jessee's (Kentucky) Battalion, Maj. A. L. McAfee. 
Johnson's (Kentucky) Battalion, Maj. O. S. Tenney. 



KELLY'S DIVISION (WHEELER'S CORPS). 

First Brigade.' 

Col. William B. Wade. 

1st Confederate, Capt. C. H. Conner. 
3d Confederate, Col. W. N. Estes. 
8th Confederate, Lieut. Col. John S. Prather. 
10th Confederate, Col. Charles T. Goode. 

tSecond Brigade. i 

Col. J. Warren Grigsby. 

2d Kentucky, Col. Thomas G. Woodward. 

3d Kentucky, Col. J. R. Butler. 

9th Kentucky, Col. W. C. P. Breckinridge. 
Allison's (Tennessee) Squadron, Capt. R. D. Allison. 
Hamilton's (Tennessee) Battalion, Lieut. Col. O. P. Hamilton, 
Rucker's Legion, Col. E. W. Rucker. 

Artillery. 

Tennessee Battery, Capt. A. L. Huggins. 
Tennessee Battery, Capt. Gustave A. Huwald. 
Tennessee Battery, Capt. B. F. White, Jr. 
Arkansas Battery, Capt. J. H. Wiggins. 

RESERVE ARTILLERY.* 

Maj. Felix H. Robertson. 

Missouri Battery, Capt. Overton W. Barret. 
Georgia Battery (Havis'), Lieut. James R. Duncan. 
Alabama Battery (Lumsden's), Lieut. Harvey H. Cribbs. 
Georgia Battery, Capt. Thomas L. Massenburg. 



*Sengstak's (Alabama) battery, assigned November 19, not ac- 
counted for in reports. 



APPENDIX 



391 



DETACHED. 

Rixhlt't/'s Cavalry lirigade. 

4th Alabama, Col. William A. Johnson. 

•5th Alabama, Col. Josiah Patterson. 
53d Alabama, Col. M. W. Hannon. 

Moreland's (Alabama) Battalion, Lieut. Col. M. 1). Moreland. 
Georgia Battery, Capt. C. B. Ferrell. 



rXlOX .\\1) C()NFl<l)lik.\TH ORC.WIZATIOXS 

AT 

C H ^ T X ^ N O O G A 

Nov. 23, 24 AND 25, 1863. 



GRANT , 

i 


BRAGG 


Statks 


a 


u 
> 


_>1 

u 


3 



States 


c 


> 




< 


(2' 


Indiana 

Illinois 

Iowa 

Kansas 

Kentucky . . 
Massachus'ts 
Michigan .... 
Minnesota. . . 

Missouri 

New Jersey. . 
New York. . . 
Ohio 


31 

45 

10 

1 

11 

1 

4 

2 

14 

1 

14 

61 

10 

7 

7 

1 


"3 


3 
10 

1 

i 

1 
3 

2 
5 
2 
1 
3 
4 


34 
55 
11 

1 
12 

1 

6 

3 
17 

1 
16 
69 
12 

1 
10 
11 

1 

261 


Alabama .... 
Arkansas .... 

Florida 

Georgia 

Kentucky.. . . 
Louisiana . . 
Maryland . . . 

Missouri 

^Mississippi . . 
N. Carolina.. 
S. Carolina. . 
Tennessee. . . 

Texas 

Virginia 

Conf d. Reg'rs 


31 

7 

5 

36 

5 
4 

15 

2 
13 
36 

6 

2 
1 


5 
1 

"5' 
3 
1 

1 

ii" 

2 

"4 


8 
3 
1 
9 
1 
2 

1 

2 

4 

2 
7 
1 
5 


44 

11 

6 

50 

9 

7 

1 

2 

19 

3 

15 

54 


Pennsylv'nia 
Tennessee .. . 
Wisconsin. . . 
U. S. Regul'.- 
W. Virginia.. 


9 

7 
5 












Total 










Total 


220 


c 


36 


163 33 


46 


242 



392 



SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



LOSSES OF INDIANA ORGANIZATIONS 
BATTLE OF CHICKAMAUGA.* 



IN THE 





Brigade 


Division 


CORl'S 


kill'd wounded 


C'PD' D 
OR 

miss'g H 


NU.MBER 


O .2 1 

O W 


u 
o 

o 




a 

. 31 

1 21 

1 5 

2 

7 62 

4 57 

17 

. 20 

2 35 
. 17 

2 
. -39 

3 "56 

10 
3 31 
1 11 
2 
. 10 
3 11 

1 9 
I. 21 

2 21 
13 
21 

8 
2 14 
1 17 

l 557 

4 
1 

"7 
4 

3 

18 

"'7j 
7 

557 
18 

7 

582 


< 



u 

K 
< 


hi/aniry 

6th Regiment 

iHh Regiment 

lOth Regiment 

17th Regiment 

S'Jth Regiment 

30th Regiment 

31st Regiment 


Baldwin 

Hazen 

Croxton 

Wilder 

Dodge 

Dodge 

Cruft 


Johnson 

Palmer 

Brannan 

Reynolds 

Johnson 

Johnson 

Palmer 

Johnson 

Van Cleve 

Palmer 

Neglev 

Baird 


20th 
21st 
14th 
14th 
20th 
20th 
21st 
20th 
21st 
21st 
14th 
14th 
20th 
14th . 
21st 
21st 
14th 
14th . 
14th 
14th . 
21st . 
20th • 
14th 
Reser'e 
21st . 
14th 
14th . 
14th . 

3 


2 11 
2 11 
2 2- 

4 
2 9 
2 8 
1 4 
1 20 

5 
. 13 

i "i2 
5 
1 

1 2 

2 14 
2 15 

3 
2 20 
. 17 

1 

4 
1 19 
^ 20 

1 
7 33 

3 
. 11 


t 

i 

5 



4 
3 
10 

"3 
3 
3 
9 
5 
5 
1 

11 
4 
2 
4 
1 
6 
3 
4 
4 
5 


110 

83 
130 

8 
87 
50! 

??. 

20 

89 . 
7 . 

54 . 

32 . 

49 

52 . 
114 
103 

15. 
114 . 
104 

42 

56 

67 

91 . 

28 . 
138'. 

29 

85 


160 
126 
166 

16 
172 
126 

83 
122 

&5 
129 

9 
109 


32d Regiment 

35th Regiment 

36th Regiment 


Willich 

Barnes 


37th Regiment 

38th Regiment.... 


Sirvvell 

Scribner 

Willich 

J. Bey.tty 

Dick 


3Jtth Regiment.... 

42d Regiment 

44th Regiment 


Johnson 

Neglev 

Van Cleve.... 

Wood 

Reynolds 

Reynolds 

Brannan 

Reynolds 

Van Cleve.... 


40 
106 
74 


58th Regiment.... 


Buell 


169 


68th Regiment 

72d Regiment 

74th Regiment 

75th Regiment 

79th Regiment 

81st Regiment 


E. A. King 

Wilder 

Croxton 

E. A. King 

S. Beatty 

Carlin 

Connell 

Whitaker 

Dick 

Van Derveer. . 

J. Beatty 

E. A. King 

- 


137 
21 
157 
138 
55 
87 


83d Regiment 

84th Regiment 

86th Regiment 

87th Regiment 

88th Regiment.... 
101st Regiment 


Brannan 

Steedman 

Van Cleve 

Brannan 

Negley 

Reynolds 


111 
133 
53 

190 
53 
119 


Total Infantry. . 


1 288 


124 
.... 


1,893 3 

14 
6 . 
8 
9 . 

i.i . 
2 . 

15 . 
13 . 


2,925 


A r tiller y 
4th Batterv 


Starkweather. 

Baldwin 

S. Beatty 

Buell 


Baird 


14th . 
20th . 
21st . 


20 


5th Battery 

7th Batterv 


Johnson 

Van Cleve.... 
Wood 


9 
9 


8th Batterv 


21st . 
20th . 

14th . 
14th . 
14th . 


2 


.... 
.... 


17 


llth Batterv 


Lytle 


Sheridan 

Reynolds 

Reynolds 

Reynolds 


19 


18th Batterv 

19th Batterv 

21st Batterv 


Wilder 

E. A. King 

Turchin 


3 
20 
12 












Total Artillery.. 


9 

1 


3 


77 1 

4 .. 
3 .. 
2 .. 


109 


Cavalry 

3d Regiment 

3d (Battalion; j 


Ray 

Minty 


E. M. McCook 




5 
3 


4th Regiment 










9 










1 

288 
9 

1 


124 
3 




Total Cavalry.. 


9 .. 

1,893 32 

■ 77 2 

9!.. 


17 


Recaptiulaiion 
Infantrv 








2,925 


Artillerv 








109 


Cavalrv 








17 








31 




Total 


298 


127 


1,979 34 


3,051 













'' Volume 30, Part I, War Records, pages 171-9. 



APPKNnix. . 393 



A RECORD OF THE 

H,\rrLi-.s \\\) \i\i\M]\i\\\i\\s i\ Till' WAR or 
rill-: ki<:P)i:LLi()\, 



Where the Loss on the Union Side was Five Hundred or 
More; Together with Other Events of Import- 
ance, Arranged Chronologically. 



This list is largely compiled from Frederick Phisterer's Statistical 
Record. He states that the losses are generally based on ofticial 
medical returns, but must not be regarded as perfectly reliable, since 
some returns were based on estimates. The rebel losses given are gen- 
erally estimates. 

Note.— U, followed by tigures, indicates the Union loss, in killed, 
wounded, and missing; and R, the rebel loss. 



1861. 



April 18.— Fort Sumter, Charleston, S. C, surrenders. 

April 15.— President calls for 75,000 volunteers to serve for three 
months. 

April 19.— Sixt!i Massachusetts and Twenty-sixth Pennsylvania 
Regiments march through streets of Baltimore, Md.; attacked by mob; 
■several killed. 

May 3.— President calls for 42,084 volunteers to serve for three years. 

June 1. — Union forces enter Virginia. 

July 21.— Bull Run, Va.; U. 2,952; R. 1,752. 

Aug. 10.— Wilson's Creek, Mo.; U. 1,285; R. 1,095. 

Aug. 20.— McClellan assumes command Army of the Potomac. 

Aug. 29.— Fort Hatteras, N. C, surrenders. 

Sept. 12-20.— Lexington, Mo.; U. 1,774; R. 100. 

Oct. 21.— Balls Bluff, Va.; U. 894; R. 802. 

Oct. 81.— Lieut.-Gen. Scott resigns; McClellan in command of 
Union forces. 

Nov. 7.— Belmont, Mo.; U. 498; R. 966. This was General Grant's 
first independent command. 

\ov. 8.— Captain Wilkes, U. S. N., boards British ship Trent, seizes 
.and carries to Boston the Rebel Commissioners, Mason and Slidell. 



394 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



1862. 

Feb. 14-16.— Fort Donelson, Tenn.; U. 2,831; R. 15,067. 

March 6-8.— Pea Ridge, Ark.; U. 1,349; R. 5,200. 

March 9. — Monitor defeats Merrimack. 

March 11. — McClellan resigns general command; assumes com- 
mand Army of the Potomac. 

March 14.— Newbern, N. C; U. 471; R. 583. 

March 23.— Winchester, Va.; U. 567; R. 691. 

April 6-7.— Shiloh, Tenn.; U. 13,573; R. 10,699. 

May 5.— Williamsburg, Va.; U. 2,228; R. 1,000. 

May 23.— Front Royal, Va.; U. 904; R. 

May 25.— Winchester, Va.; U. 904; R. 

May 30 — Corinth, Miss., evacuated; Halleck's army takes possession. 

May 31, June 1.— Seven Pmesand Fair Oaks, Va.; U. 5,739; R, 7,997. 

June 6 — Memphis, Tenn., surrenders. 

June 8.— Cross Keys, Va.; U. 625; R. 287. 

June 9.-Port Republic, Va.; U. 1,002; R. 657. 

June 16. — Secessionville, James Island, S. C; U. 685; R. 204. 

June 25.— Oak Grove, Va.; U; 516; R. 541. 

June 26, July 1. — Seven days' retreat; includes battles of Mechan- 
icsville, Gaines' Mills, Chickahominy, Peach Orchard, Savage Station, 
Charles City Cross Roads and Malvern Hill; U. 15,249; R. 17,583. 

July 2.— President calls for 300,000 volunteers for three years. 

July 13.— Murfreesboro, Tenn.; U. 895; R. 150. 

July 20, Sept. 20.— Guerrilla campaign in Missouri; U. 580; R. 2,866. 

Aug. 4. — President calls for 300,000 volunteers for nine months. 

Aug. 8. -Cedar Mountain, Va.; U. 1,400; R. 1,307. 

Aug. 28, 29.— Groveton and Gainesville. Va.; U. 7,000; R. 7,000. 

Aug. 30.— Second Bull Run, Va.; U. 7,800; R. 3,700. 

Aug. 30.— Richmond, Ky.; U. 4,900; R. 750. 

Sept. l.—Chantilly, Va.; U. 1,300; R. 800. 

Sept. 12-15.— Harper's Ferry, Va.; U. 11,783; R. 500. 

Sept. 14.— South Mountain, Md.; U. 2,325; R. 4,343. 

Sept. 14-16.^Munfordville, Ky.;U. 3,616; R. 714. 

Sept. 17.— Antietam, Md.; U. 12,469; R. 25,899. 

Sept. 19, 20.— luka. Miss.; U. 782; R. 1,516. 

Sept. 22. — President issues proclamation to free slaves Jan. 1, 1863. 

Oct. 3, 4.— Corinth, Miss.; U. 2,359; R. 9,423. 

Oct. 5.— Big Hatchie River, Miss.; U. 500; R. 400. 

Oct. 8.— Perryville, Ky.; U. 4,348; R. 4,500. 

Oct. 10, 13.— Raid of rebel general J. E. B. Stuart into Pennsylvania. 

Nov. 5. — Burnside supersedes McClellan. 

Dec. 7.— Prairie Grove, Ark.; U. 1,148; R. 1,500. 

Dec. 7.— Hartsville,Tenn.;U. 1,855; R. 149. 

Dec. 12, 18.— Foster's expedition, Goldsboro, N. C; U. 577; R. 739. 

Dec. 13.— Fredericksburg, Va.; U. 12,353; R. 4,576. 



APPENDIX. 395 



Dec 20.— Holly Springs, Miss.; U. 1,000, R. 

Dec. 27.— Elizabethtown, Ky.; U. 600; R. 

Dec. 28-29.— Chickasaw Bayou, Miss.; U. 1,929; R. 207. 

Dec. ai-Tan. 2, 1863.— Stone River, Tenn.; U. 11,578; R. 14,5()(). 

1863. 

Jan. 1.— Galveston, Texas; U. 600; R. 50. 

Jan. 2. — President Lincoln proclaims freedom to slaves in rebel 
states. 

Jan. 11.— Fort Hindman. Ark.; U. 977; R. 5,500. 

Jan. 26.— Hooker supersedes Burnside. 

Feb. 25.— Conscript bill passed by Congress. 

March 3.— Congress suspends habeas corpus act. 

March 4-5.— Thompson's Station, Tenn.; U. 1,706; R.600. 

April 27-May 3.— Streight's raid from Tuscumbia, Ala., to Rome, 
Ga.; I'. 1,547; R. 

May 1.— Port Gibson. Miss.; U. 853; R. 1,650. 

May 1-4-Chancellorsville, Va.; U. 16,030; R. 12,281. 

May 10. — Death of Stonewall Jackson. 

May 16.— Champion Hills, Miss.; U. 2,457; R. 4,300. 

May 18-July 4.— Siege of Vicksburg, Miss.; U. 4,536; R. 31,277. 

May 27-July 9.-Siege of Port Hudson, La.; U. 3,000; R. 7,208. 

June 6-8.— Milliken's Bend, La.; U. 492; R. 725. 

June 9.— Beverly Ford and Brandy Station, Va.; U. 500; R. 700. 

June 13-15.— Winchester, Va.; U. 3,000; R. 850. 

June 14.— Confederate invasion of Maryland and Pennsylvania 
commenced. 

June 23-30.— Rosecrans'camj^aign from Murfreesboroto Tullahoma, 
Tenn".; U. 560; R. 1,634. 

June 27. — Meade supersedes Hooker. 

July 1-3.— Gettysburg, Penn.; U. 23,186; R. 31,621. 

July 9-16.— Jackson, Miss.; U. 1,000; R. 1,339. 

July 13-16.— Riots in New York City against enforcement of con- 
scription act. 

July 18.— Fort Wagner, S. C; second assault; U. 1,500; R. 174. 

Sept. 10. — Knoxville, Tenn., occupied by Burnside. 

Sept. 19-20.— Chickamauga, Ga.; U. 16.336; R. 20,950. 

Oct. 17 and Feb. 1, '64.— President calls for 500,000 men for three 
years, to include men raised by draft in 1863. 

Oct. 19.— Rosecrans' command of army in Tennessee superseded 
by Thomas. 

Nov. 3.— Grand Coteau, La.; U. 726; R. 445. 

Nov. 6.— Rogersville, Tenn.; U. 667; R. 30. 

Nov. 23-25.— Chattanooga, Tenn.; includes Orchard Knob. Look- 
out Mountain and Missionary Ridge; U. 6,103; R. 8,684. 
Nov. 26-28.— Mine Run, Va.; U. 500; R. 500. 
Dec. 14.— Bean's Station, Tenn.; U. 700; R. 900. 



396 SIXTY- EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



1864. 

Feb. '20.— Olustee, Fla.; U. 1,828; R. 500. 

March 12. — General Grant made lieutenant-general, and in com- 
mand of all armies, succeeding Haileck. 

March 14. — President calls for 200,000 men for three years. 

April 8.— Sabine Cross Roads, La.; U. 2,900; R. 1,500. 

April 9.— Pleasant Hills, La.; U. 1,100; R. 2,000. 

April 12.— Fort Pillow, Tenn.; U. 574; R.80. 

April 17-20.— Plymouth, N. C; U. 1,600; R. 500. 

April 30.— Jenkin's Ferry, Ark.; U. 1,155; R. 1,100. 

May 5-7.— Wilderness, Va.; U. 18,387; R. 11,400. 

May 5-9.— Rocky Face Ridge, Ga.; U. 837; R. 600. 

May 8-18.— Spottsylvania Court House, Va.; U. 12,564; R. 9,000. 

May 9-10.— Cloyd's Mt. and New River Bridge, Va.; U. 745; R. 
900; Swift Creek, Va. ; U. 490; R. 500. 

May 12-16.— Fort Darling, Drury's Bluff, Va.; U. 3,012; R. 2,500. 

May 13-16.— Resaca, Ga.; U. 2,747; R. 2,800. 

May 15.— New Market, Va.; U. 920.; R. 405. 

May 16-30.— Bermuda Hundred, Va.; U. 1,200; R. 3,000. 

May 23-27.— North Anna River, Va.; U. 1,973; R. 2,000. 

May 25-June 4.— Dallas, Ga.; U. 2,400; R. 3,000. 

June 1-12.— Cold Harbor, Va.; U. 14,931; R. 1,700. 

June 5.— Piedmont, Va.; U. 780; R. 2,970. 

June 9-30.— Kenesaw Mountain, Ga.; U. 8,670; R. 4,600. 

June 10.— Brice's Cross Roads, Miss.; U. 2,240; R. 606. 

June 10.— Kellar's Bridge, Ky.; U. 767. 

June 11-12.— Trevellian Station, Va.; U. 735; R. 370. 

June 15-19. ^Petersburg, Va.; includes Baylor's farm, Walthall and 
Weir Bottom Church; U. 10,586. 

June 17-18.— Lynchburg, Va.; U. 700; R. 200. 

June 20-30. — Trenches in front of Petersburg, Va.; LT. 1,418. 

June 22-30.— Wilson's Raid on Weldon's Railroad, Va.; U. 1,041; 
R. 300. 

June 22-23.- Weldon Railroad, Va.; U. 5,315; R. 500. 

June 27.— Kenesaw Mountain, Ga.; U. 3,000; R. 600. 

July 1-13. — Part of Lee's army invades Maryland, threatens Wash- 
ington, and retreats. 

July 1-81.— Front of Petersburg, Va.; U. 3,695. 

July 6-10.— Chattahooche River, Ga.; Union, 730; R. 600. 

July 9.— Monocacy, Md.; U. 1,959; R. 400. 

July 13-15.— Tupelo, -Miss.; U. 648; R. 700. 

July 18.— President calls for 500,000 men for three years. 

July 20.— Peach Tree Creek, Ga.; U. 1,710; R. 4,796. 

July 22.— Atlanta, Ga.; U. 3,641; R. 8,499. 

July 24.-\Vmchester, Va.; U. 1,200; R. 600. 

July 26-31.— Stoneman's raid to Macon, Ga.; U. 1,000. 



APPENDIX. 397 



July 2()-81.— McCook's raid to Lovejoy Station, Ga.; U. 600. 

July 28.— Atlanta, Ga., Ezra Chapel; U. 700; R. 4,642. 

July 30.— Mine explosion, Petersburg, Va.; U. 4,008; R. 1,200. 

Aug. 1-81.— Trenches before Petersburg, Va.; U.571. 

Aug. 5-8.— Confederate flotilla, near Mobile, Ala., destroyed by 
Farragut, and Fort Gaines taken. 

Aug. 14-18. — Strawberry Plains, Deep Bottom Run, \'a.; U. 8,555; 
R. 1,100. 

Aug. 18-19-21.— Six Mile House, Weldon Railroad, \'a.; U. 4,548; 
R. 4,000. 

Aug. 21.— Summit Point, Va.; U. 600; R. 400. 

Aug. 25.— Ream's Station, Va.; U. 2,442; R. 1,500. 

Aug. 31-Sept. 1.— Jonesboro, Ga.; U. 1,149; R. 2,000. 

May5-Sept. 8. — Campaign in Georgia, from Chattanooga. Tenn. 
to Atlanta; U. 37,199. 

Sept. 1. — Sherman occupies Atlanta. 

Sept. l.-Oct. 80. — Trenches before Petersburg, \'a.; U. 1,804; 
R. 1,000. 

Sept. 19.— Opequan, Winchester, Va.; U. 4,990; R. 5,500. 

Sept. 28.— Athens, Ala.; U. 950; R. 80. 

Sept. 24-Oct. 28.— Price's invasion of Missouri; U. 506. 

Sept. 28-80.— New Market Heights, Va.; U. 2,429; R. 2,000. 

Sept. 30-Oct. 1.— Poplar Springs Church, Va.; U. 2,685; R. 900. 

Oct. 5.— AUatoona, Ga.; U. 706; R. 1,142. 

Oct. 19.— Cedar Creek, Va.; U. 5,995; R. 4,200. 

Oct. 19.— St. Albans, Vt., raid. 

Oct. 27.— Hatrher's Run. Va.; U. 1,902; R. 1,000. 

Oct. 27-28.— Fair Oaks, near Richmond, Va.; U. 1,808; R. 451. 

Nov. 8. — Abraham Lincoln re-elected President of the United 
States. 

Nov. 18.— Sherman begins his^ march*. from {Atlanta to Savannah, 
Georgia. 

Nov. 28.— Fort Kelly, \V. Va.; U. 700; R. 5. 

Nov. 80.— Franklin, Tenn.; U. 2,326; R. 6,252. 

Nov. 80.— Honey Hill, S. C; U. 711. 

Dec. 6-9.— Deveaux's Neck, S. C; U. 629; R. 400. 

Dec. 15-16.— Nashville, Tenn.; U. 2,140; R. 15,000. 

Dec. 19.— President calls for 800,000^more men. 

Dec. 21. — Sherman enters Savannah, Ga. 

1865. 

Ian. 11.— Beverly, W. Va.; U. 608. 
Jan. 18-15.— Fort Fisher. N. C; U. 955; R. 2,483. 
Feb. 5-7.— Dabney's Mills, Va.; U. 1,480; R. 1,200. 
March 8-10.— Wilcox's Bridge, N. C; U. 1,101; R. 1,500. 
March 16.— Averysboro, N. C; U. 554; R. 865. 
March 19-21— Bentonville, N. C; U. 1,646; R. 2,825. 



398 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



March 25— Fort Steadman, Petersburg, Va.; U. 911; R. 2,681. 

March 25.— Petersburg. Va.; U. 1,176; R. 834. 

March 26, April 8.— Spanish Fort, Ala.; U. 795; R. 552. 

March 22, April24. — Wilson's raid from Chickasaw, Ala., to Macon, 
Ga.; U. 725; R. 8,020. 

March 31.— Boydton and White Oak Roads, Va.; U. 1,867; R. 1,235. 

April 1.— Five Forks, Va.; U. 884; R. 8,500. 

April 2.— Fall of Petersburg, Va.; U. 3,361; R. 3,000. 

April 2-3. — Richmond evacuated and occupied by the Union army. 

April 6. — Sailor's Creek, Va.; Sheridan overtakes and defeats Lee; 
U. 1,180; R. 7,000. 

April 6.— High Bridge, Va.; U. 1,041. 

April 7.— Farmville, Va.; U. 655. 

April 9.— Lee surrenders to Grant at Appomattox Court House; 
R. 26,000. 

April 9.--Fort Blakely, Ala.; U. 629; R. 2,900. 

April 12. — Mobile, Ala., evacuated by the rebels. 

April 14. United States flag replaced on Fort Sumter, Charles- 
ton, S. C. 

April 14.— President Lincoln assassinated in Ford's Theater, Wash- 
ington, D. C, by Wilkes Booth, who escaped. 

April 15.— President Lincoln dies at 7:30 A.M. Andrew Johnson 
sworn in as President. 

April 26. — Rebel General Johnston surrenders with his army to 
Sherman; R. 29,924. Wilkes Booth captured and shot. 

May 4. — Rebel General Dick Taylor surrenders, near Mobile, Ala.; 
R. 10,000. 

May 10. — Jefferson Davis captured at Irwinsville, Ga. 

May 10. — Rebel General Sam Jones surrenders; R. 8,000. 

May 11 — Rebel General Jeff Thompson surrenders; R. 7,454. 

May 26.— Rebel General Kirby Smith surrenders; R. 20,000. 

The above list includes 149 engagements, in each of which the loss 
to the L'nion armies was over 500. 

The total number of engagements chronicled by Captain Phisterer, 
in his book referred to, 2,261. 



APPENDIX. 399 



DISTANCES ON THE CIIICKAMAUGA BATTEEEIEEI). 



Clouds to McDonald's ^'^ 

McDonald's to Kelly's 82 

Kelly's to Poe's ^2 

Poe's to Brotherton's 24 

Brotherton's to \'iniard's 1-02 

Viniard's to Lee & Gordon's Mill l-'^>2 

Lee & Gordon's Mill to Lafayette 1:^25 

Lee & Gordon's to Crawfish Springs Road 97 

Lee & Gordon's to Crawfish Springs L9T 

McDonald's to Reed's Bridge 2.50 

McDonald'sto Jay's Mill 2.12 

Kelly's to Jay's Mill 2.09 

Brotherton's to Jay's Mill 2.00 

Viniard's to Halls Ford 1-09 

Viniard's to Jay's Mill 2.80 

\'iniard's to Alexander's Bridge 2.4.^ 

Alexander's Bridge to Jay's Mill }-^^ 

Alexander's Bridge to McDonald's o.I.t 

McDonald'sto McFarland's Gap 2.2o 

■Snodgrass Hill to McFarland's Gap 2.4o 

Hall's Ford to Jay's Mill 2-80 

Widow Glenn's to Kelly's 2.00 

Kelly's to Snodgrass House •!>'- 

Brotherton's to Snodgrass House L-jO 

McDonald'sto Snodgrass House L'J"* 



DISTANCES ABOUT CHATTANOOGA. 

MILES 

Chattanooga to Rossville ^-00 

Chattanooga to Clould House '■'^ 

Chattanooga to Kelly's 8.54 

Chattanooga to Viniard's lonf 

Chattanooga to Lee & Gordon's Mill 1--04 

Chattanooga to Snodgrass House 9.94 

Chattanooga to Crawfish Springs via Lee & Gordon 14.UI 

Chattanooga to Lafayette "^^'X- 

Rossville to McFarland's Gap 2.< . 

Rossville via McFarland's Gap to Widow Glenn s o-W 

Rossville via McFarland's Gap to Crawfish Springs 9.00 

Rossville to Kelly's *-'^* 

Rossville to Bragg's headquarters, Missionary Ridge -i-oU 

Rossville to DeLong's place North Tower, Missionary Ridge 5.5U 

Rossville to Tunnel ' -8^ 

Rossville to North End Missionary Ridge »-4o 

Rossville to West foot of Lookout 'J-** 

Rossville to Lookout Creek ^-i. 

Crawfish Springs to Glass' Mill -'Al^ 

Crawfish Springs to Widow Glenn's '^-^^^ 

Crawfish Springs to Lee & Gordon's Mill Vij' 

Ringgold to Reed's Bridge "— '^ 



SONGS AND POETRY OF THE WAR 



THREE HUNDRED THOUSAND MORE. 

J. S. GIBBONS. 



We are coming, Father Abraam, three hundred thousand 
more, 

From Mississippi's winding stream and from New England's 
shore ; 

We leave our plows and workshops, our wives and chil- 
dren dear, 

With hearts too full for utterance, with but a silent tear ; 

We dare not look behind us, but steadfastly before ; 

We are coming, Father Abraam, three hundred thousand 
more ! 

If you look across the hill tops that meet the northern sky, 
Long moving lines of rising dust your vision may descry ; 
And now the wind an instant tears the cloudy veil aside. 
And floats aloft our spangled flag, in glory and in pride ; 
And bayonets in the sunlight gleam, and bands brave music 

pour, — 
We are coming. Father Abraam, three hundred thousand 

more ! 

If you look all up our valleys where the growing harvests 

shine. 
You may see our sturdy farmer boys fast forming into line; 



SONGS AND POETRY OI' THE WAR. 4OI 



And children from their mother's knees are pulling at the 

weeds, 
And learning how to reap and sow, against their country's 

needs ; 
And a farewell group stands weeping at every cottage door— 
We are coming. Father Abraam, three hundred thousand 

more ! 

You have called us and we're coming, by Richmond's 
bloody tide. 

To lay us down for freedom's sake, our brother's bones beside; 

Or from foul treason's savage grasp to wrench the murder- 
ous blade, 

And in the face of foreign foes its fragments to parade. 

Six hundred thousand loyal men and true have gone before — 

We are coming, Father Abraam, three hundred thousand 
more ! 



JUST BEFORE THE BATTLE, MOTHER. 



GEORGE F. ROOT. 



Just before the battle, mother, 

I am thinking most of you, 
While upon the field we're waiting. 

With the enemy in view. 
Comrades brave are round me lying. 

Filled with thoughts of home and God; 
For well they know that on the morrow, 

Some will sleep beneath the sod, 

chorus: 

Farewell, mother, you may never 
Press me to your heart again; 

But O, you'll not forget me, mother. 
If I'm numbered with the slain. 

26 



402 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 

Oh I long to see you, mother. 
And the loving ones at home. 

But I'll never leave our banner 
Till in honor I can come. 

Tell the traitors all around you, 
That their cruel words we know, 

In every battle kill our soldiers, 
By the help they give the foe. 



Chorus. 



Hark! I hear the bugles sounding, 

'Tis the signal for the fight, 
Now may God protect us, mother. 

As he ever does the right. 
Hear the "Battle Cry of Freedom," 

How it swells upon the air, • 
Oh, yes; we'll rally round the standard, 

Or we'll perish nobly there. 



Chorus. 



ALL QUIET ALONG THE POTOMAC. 



MRS. E. L. BEERS. 



"All quiet along the Potomac," they say, 
"Except now and then a stray picket 
Is shot as he walks on his beat to and fro 

By a rifleman hid in the thicket; 
'T is nothing, a private or two now and then 

Will not count in the news of the battle; 
Not an officer lost — only one of the men. 
Moaning out, all alone, his death-rattle." 

All quiet along the Potomac to-night. 

Where the soldiers lie peacefully dreaming; 

Their tents in the rays of the clear autumn moon 
On the light of the watch-fires are gleaming. 



SONGS AND POETRY OF TUK WAR. 4O3 



A tremulous sigh, as the gentle night wind 
Through the forest leaves softly is creeping; 

While stars above, with their glittering eyes. 
Keep guard — for the army is sleeping. 

There's only the sound of the lone sentry's tread. 

As he tramps from the rock to the fountain. 
And he thinks of the two in the low trundle-bed 

Far away in the cot on the mountain. 
His musket falls slack — his face, dark and grim, 

Grows gentle with memories tender. 
As he mutters a prayer for the children asleep. 

For their mother — may heaven defend her. 

The moon seems to shine just as brightly as then 

That night, when the love yet unspoken 
Leaped up to his lips — when low murmured vows 

Were pledged to be ever unbroken. 
Then drawing his sleeve roughly over his eyes 

He dashes off tears that are welling. 
And gathers his gun closer up to its place, 

As if to keep down the heart-swelling. 

He passes the fountain, the blasted pine tree — 

The footstep is lagging and weary; 
Yet onward he goes, through the broad belt of light, 

Toward the shades of the forest so dreary. 
Hark was it the night winds that rustled the leaves.^ 

Was it moonlight so suddenly flashing? 
It looked like a rifle ■• " * Ha! Mary, good-by! 

And the life-blood is ebbing and plashing. 

All quiet along the Potomac to-night; 

No sound save the rush of the river; 
While soft falls the dew on the face of the dead— 

The picket's off duty forever! 



404 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



SOMEBODY'S DARLING. 



MARIE LACOSTE. 



Into a ward of the white-washed walls, 

Where the dead and the dying lay. 
Wounded by bayonets, shells and balls, 

Somebody's darling was borne one day, — 
Somebody's darling, so young and so brave. 

Wearing still on his pale, sweet face 
(Soon to be hid by the dust of the grave) 

The lingering light of his boyhood's grace. 

Matted and damp are the curls of gold, 

Kissing the snow of that fair young brow; 
Pale are the lips of delicate mould — 

Somebody's darling is dying now.' 
Back from the beautiful, blue-veined face 

Brush every wandering silken thread! 
Cross his hands as a sign of grace — 

Somebody's darling is stiff and dead! 

Kiss him once for soinehody' s sake; 

Murmur a prayer, soft and low; 
One bright curl from the cluster take — 

They were somebody's pride, you know. 
Somebody's hand hath rested there — 

Was it a mother's, soft and white.' 
And have the lips of a sister fair 

Been baptized in those waves of light.' 

God knows best. He was somebody's love! 

Somebody's heart enshrined him there; 
Somebody wafted his name above, 

Night and morn, on the wings of prayer. 



SONGS AND POETRY OF THE WAR. 4O5 

Somebody wept when he marched away, 
Looking so handsome, brave, and grand; 

Somebody's kiss on his forehead lay; 
Somebody cking to his parting hand. 

Somebody's watching and waiting for him, 
Yearning to hold him again to her heart; 

There he lies, with the blue eyes dim. 
And smiling, child-like lips apart! 

Tenderly bury the fair young dead. 
Pausing to drop on his grave a tear; 

Carve on the wooden slab at his head: 

" Somebody's darling lies buried here !" 



MARCHING THROUGH GEORGIA. 



HENRY C. WORK. 



Bring the good old bugle, boys! We'll sing another song. 
Sing it with the spirit that will start the world along — 
Sing it as we used to sing it, fifty thousand strong, 
\\^hile we were marching through Georgia. 

chorus: 

"Hurrah! hurrah! we bring the jubilee! 
Hurrah! hurrah! the flag that makes you free!" 
So we sing the chorus from Atlan'a to the sea, 
While we were marching through Georgia. 

How the darkies shouted when they heard the joyful sound! 
How the turkeys gobbled, which our. commissary found! 
How the sweet potatoes even started from the ground, 
While we were marching through Georgia. 

Chorus. 



406 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



Yes, and there were Union men who wept with joyful 

tears, 
When they saw the honored flag they had not seen for 

years; 
Hardly could they be restrained from breaking off in 
cheers, 
While we were marching through Georgia. 

Chorus. 

"Sherman's dashing Yankee boys will never reach the 

coast!" 
So the saucy rebels said; and 'twas a handsome boast, 
Had they not forgot, alas, to reckon with the host, 
While we were marching through Georgia. 

Chorus. 

So we made a thoroughfare for freedom and her train, 
Sixty miles in latitude — three hundred to the main; 
Treason fled before us, for resistance was in vain. 
While we were marching through Georgia. 

Chorus. 

But the march is not yet finished, nor will we yet disband. 
While still a trace of treason remains to curse the land. 
Or any foe against the flag uplifts a threatening hand. 
For we've been marching through Georgia. 

Chorus. 

When Right is in the White House, and Wisdom in her 

seat. 
The reconstructed senators and congressmen to greet. 
Why then we may stop marching and rest our weary feet, 
For we've been marching through Georgia. 

Chorus. 



SONGS AND POETRY OF THE WAR. 4O7 



TRAMP! TRAMP! TRAMP! 



GEORGE F. ROOT. 



In the prison cell I sit, thinking, mother dear, of you, 
And our bright and happy days so far away, 

And the tears they fill my eyes, spite of all that I can do, 
Though I try to cheer my comrades and be gay. 



chorus: 



Tramp, tramp, tramp, the boys are marching, 

Cheer up, comrades, they will come; 
And beneath the starry flag we shall breathe the air again 

Of the freeland in our own beloved home. 



In the battle front we stood when their fiercest charge they 
made, 
And they swept us off, a hundred men or more; 
But before we reached their lines they were beaten back 
dismayed, 
And we heard the cry of vict'ry o'er and o'er. 



Chorus: Tramp, tramp, tramp, etc. 



So within the prison cell we are waiting for the day 
That shall come to open wide the iron door. 

And the hollow eye grows bright, and the poor heart 
almost gay, 
As we think of seeing home and friends once more. 

Chorus: Tramp, tramp, tramp, etc. 



408 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



WHEN JOHNNY COMES MARCHING HOME. 



p. S. GILMORE. 



When Johnny comes marching home again, hurrah, hurrah 
We'll give him a hearty welcome then, hurrah, hurrah! 

The men will cheer, the boys will shout. 

The ladies they will all turn out. 
And we'll all feel gay 

When Johnny comes marching home. 

The old church-bell wiil peal with joy, hurrah, hurrah! 

To welcome home our darling boy, hurrah, hurrah! 
The village lads and lasses say 
With roses they will strew the way, 

And we'll all feel gay 

When Johnny comes marching home. 

Get ready for the jubilee, hurrah, hurrah! 

We'll give the hero three times three, hurrah, hurrah! 

The laurel wreath is ready now 

To place upon his loyal brow, 
And we'll all feel gay 

W^hen Johnny comes marching home. 

Let love and friendship, on that day, hurrah, hurrah! 

Their choicest treasures then display, hurrah, hurrah! 
And let each one perform some part 
To fill with joy the warrior's heart, 

And we'll all' feel gay 

When Johnny comes marching home. 



SONGS AM) POETKV OF THE WAR. 409 



TENTING ON THE OLD CAMP GROUND. 



WALTER KITTREDGE. 

We're tenting to-night on the old catnp ground. 

Give us a song to cheer 
Our weary hearts, a song of home, 

And friends we love so dear. 

chorus: 
Many are the hearts that are weary to-night, 

Wishing for the war to cease. 
Many are the hearts looking for the right. 

To see the dawn of peace. 
Tenting to-night, tenting to-night, 
Tenting on the old camp ground. 

We've been tenting to-night on the old camp ground, 

Thinking of days gone by, 
Of the lo^d ones at home that gave us the hand 

And the tear that said "good-by." Chorus. 

We are tired of war on the old camp ground. 

Many are the dead and gone 
Of the brave and true who've left their homes, 

Others been wounded long. Chorus. 

We've been fighting to-day on the old camp ground, 

Many are lying near; 
Some are dead, and some are dying, 
Many are in tears. 

chorus: 
Many are the hearts that are weary to-night, 

Wishing for the war to cease. 
Many are the hearts looking for the right. 



4IO SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 

To see the dawn of peace. 
Dying to-night, dying to-night. 
Tenting on the old camp ground, 
Dying on the old camp ground. 



BATTLE HYMN OF THE REPUBLIC. 



JULIA WARD HOWE. 



Mine eyes have seen the glory of the coming of the Lord; 
He is trampling out the vintage where the grapes of wrath 

are stored; 
He hath loosed the fateful lightning of His terrible Swift 

Sword; 

His truth is marching on. 

I have seen Him in the watch-fires of a hundred circling 

camps; 
They have builded Him an altar in the evening dews and 

damps; 
I can read His righteous sentence by the dim and flaring 

lamps; 

His day is marching on. 

I have read a fiery gospel writ in burnish'd rows of steel; 
"As ye deal with my contemners, so with you my grace 

shall deal; 
Let the Hero born of woman crush the serpent with his heel, 
Since God is marching on." 

He has sounded forth the trumpet that shall never call 

retreat; 
He is sifting out the hearts of men before His judgment seat; 
Oh, be swift, my soul, to answer Him! be jubilant my feet! 
Our God is marching on. 



SONGS AND POETRY OF THE WAR. 4II 



In the beauty of the lihes Christ was born across the Sea, 
With a glory in His bosom that transfigures you and me; 
As He died to make men holy, let us die to make men free. 
While God is marching on. 



THE BATTLE CRY OF FREEDOM. 

GEO. F. ROOT. 



Yes, we'll rally round the flag, boys, 
We'll rally once again, 
Shouting the battle-cry of Freedom; 
We will rally from the hillside. 
We will rally from the plain. 
Shouting the battle-cry of Freedom. 

chorus: 
The Union forever! Hurrah, boys, hurrah! 
Down with the traitors, up with the stars; 
Whil^we rally 'round the flag, boys, 

Rally once again, 
Shouting the battle-cry of Freedom. 

We aresprin<^ing to the call 
Of our brothers gone before. 
Shouting the battle-cry of Freedom; 
And we'll fill the vacant ranks 
With a million freemen more. 
Shouting the battle-cry of Freedom. 



Chorus. 



We will welcome to our number 
The loyal, true and brave, 
Shouting the battle-cry of Freedom; 
And although he may be poor. 
He shall never be a slave. 
Shouting the battle-cry of Freedom. 



Chorus. 



412 SIXTY- EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



We are springing to the call, 
From the East and from the West, 
Shouting the battle-cry of Freedom. 
And we'll hurl the rebel crew 
From the land we love the best, 
Shouting the battle-cry of Freedom. 

We are marching to the field, boys, 
Going to the fight, 

Shouting the battle-cry of Freedom; 
And we'll bear the glorious stars 
Of the Union and the Right, 
Shouting the battle-cry of Freedom. 

We'll meet the rebel host, boys. 
With fearless hearts and true, 
Shouting the battle-cry of Freedom; 
And we'll show what Uncle Sam 
Has for loyal men to do, 
Shouting the battle-cry of Freedom. 

If we fall amid the fray, boys, 

We will face them to the last. 

Shouting the battle-cry of Freedom; 

And our comrades brave shall hear us, 

As we are rushing past. 

Shouting the battle-cry of Freedom. 

Yes, for Liberty and Union 
We are springing to the fight. 
Shouting the battle-cry of Freedom; 
And the Victory shall be ours. 
Forever rising in our might. 
Shouting the battle-cry of Freedom. 



Chorus. 



Chorus. 



Chorus. 



Chorus. 



Chorus. 



SONGS AND POETRY OF THE WAR. 413 



JOHN BROWN'S BODY."" 



john Brown's body lies a-mouldering in the grave, 
John Brown's body lies a-mouldering in the grave. 
John Brown's body lies a-mouldering in the grave. 
But his soul is marching on! 

Glory, glory, hallelujah! 
Glory, glory, hallelujah! 
Glory, glory, hallelujah! 

His soul is marching on. 

He's gone to be a soldier in the army of the Lord, 
He's gone to be a soldier in the army of the Lord, 
He's gone to be a soldier in the army of the Lord. 
But his soul is marching on! 

Glory, etc. 

John Browji's knapsack is strapped upon his back, 
John Brown's knapsack is strapped upon his back, 
John Brown's knapsack is strapped upon his back. 
And his soul is marching on! 

Glory, etc. 

His pet lambs will meet him on the way. 
His pet lambs will meet him on the way. 
His pet lambs will meet him on the way. 
As they go marching on! 

Glory, etc. 



*Fiist adopted by the Twelfth Massachusetts X'olunteers, com- 
manded by Col. Fletcher Webster, and this regiment sang it as they 
marched down Broadway, in New York, July 24, 1861. It was soon taken 
up by the Nation at large, and thousands of soldiers marched to the tight 
under the inspiration of the name of John Brown. It was the song 
of the hour. 



414 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 



They'll hang Jeff Davis on a sour apple tree, 
They'll hang Jeff Davis on a sour apple tree. 
They'll hang Jeff Davis on a sour apple tree, 
As they go marching on! 

Glory, etc. 

Now three rousing cheers for the Union. 
Now three rousing cheers for the Union, 
Now three rousing cheers for the Union, 
As we go marching on! 

Glory, etc. 



KINGDOM COMING. 



HENRY C. WORK. 



Say, darkeys, hab you seen de massa 

Wid de tnuffstas on his face. 
Go long de road some time dis mornin' 

Like he gwine to leab de place ? 
He seen a smoke, way up de river 

Whar de Linkum gunboats lay ; 
He took his hat an' lef berry sudden, 

An' I spec he's run away ! 

chorus: 

De massa run, ha! ha! 

De darkeys stay, ho! ho! 
It must be now de kingdom coming, 

An' de year of Jubilo ! 

He six foot one way, two foot tudder, 
An' he weigh three hundred pound. 
His coat so big he couldn't pay de tailor, 

t 



SONGS AND POETRY OF THE WAR. 4 I 5 



An' it won't ^o half way round. 
He drill so much dey call him cap'an, 

An he get so dreffuU tann'd, 
I spec he try an fool dem yankees, 

For to tink he's contraband. 

Chorus. 

De oberseer he make us trouble, 

An' he dribe us round a spell ; 
We lock him up in de smoke-house cellar, 

Wid de key trown in de well. 
De whip is lost, de han'cuff broken, 

But de massa '11 hab his pay ; 
He's ol' enough, big enough, ought to know better 

Dan to went an' run away. 

Chorus. 



KILLED AT THE FORD. 



H. W. LONGFELLOW. 



He is dead, the beautiful youth, 

The heart of honor, the tongue of truth; 

He, the light and life of us all. 

Whose voice was blithe as a bugle call, 

Whom all eyes followed with one consent. 

The cheer of whose laugh, and whose pleasant word 

Hushed all murmurs of discontent. 

Only last night as we rode along, 

Down the dark of the mountain gap, 

To visit the picket-guard at the ford. 

Little dreaming of any mishap. 

He was humming the words of some old song. 

Two red roses he had on his cap, 

And another he bore at the point of his sword." 



4l6 SIXTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, I. V. I. 

Sudden and swift, a whistling ball 

Came out of the wood, and the voice was still ; 

Something I heard in the darkness fall, 

And for a moment my blood grew chill; 

I spake in a whisper, as he who speaks 

In a room where some one is lying dead ; 

But he made no answer to what I said. 

We lifted him up to his saddle again. 

And through the mire and the mist and the rain. 

Carried him back to the silent camp. 

And laid him as if asleep on his bed; 

And I saw by the light of the surgeon's lamp 

Two white roses upon his cheeks, 

And one, just over his heart, blood red ! 

And I saw in a vision how far and tieet 

That fatal bullet went speeding forth, 

Till it reached a to^vn in the distant North, 

Till it reached a house in a sunny street, 

Till it reached a heart that ceased to beat 

Without a murmur, without a cry ; 

And a bell was tolled in that far off town, 

For one who had passed from cross to crown, 

And the neighbors wondered that she should die. 



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